Digital Commons Network^™

The Failure Of Youth Sports Concussion Laws And The Limits Of Legislating Health Education, Francis Shen

Articles

No abstract provided.

Wicked Crypto, Alan Rozenshtein

Articles

No abstract provided.

Fifty Years Of American Sentencing Reform: Nine Lessons, Michael Tonry

Articles

No abstract provided.

Ask Me Anything: Promoting Archive Collections On Reddit, Sara May

Articles

Social media is an important marketing and outreach tool for many libraries. While Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram are commonly used, Reddit is underutilized despite its popularity and high user engagement. Special collections can use Reddit to reach and engage with their target audiences, no matter how niche. This article explains how to use Reddit and host an event called “Ask Me Anything” (AMA), using as a model a successful AMA hosted by archivists at the Rochester Institute of Technology. It also provides practical tips including how to choose an appropriate “subreddit” (or Reddit community), promote the AMA, and respond to …

Rethinking Police Rulemaking, Maria Ponomarenko

Articles

No abstract provided.

Guest Editorial Special Issue On Using Enquiry-And-Design-Based Learning To Spur Epistemological And Identity Development Of Engineering Students, Shannon Chance, Bill Williams, Tom Goldfinch, Robin S. Adams, Lorraine N. Fleming

Articles

This Special Issue of the IEEE Transactions on Education focuses on using enquiry-based design projects to spur engineering students’ development, so as to increase understanding and application of the relevant theories, foster higher rates of student development and achieve this in healthy and productive ways.

The Potential Of Biobanked Liquid Based Cytology Samples For Cervical Cancer Screening Using Raman Spectroscopy., D. Traynor, S. Duraipandian, R. Bhatia, K. Cuschieri, C. M. Martin, J. J. O'Leary, Fiona Lyng

Articles

Patient samples are unique and often irreplaceable. This allows biobanks to be a valuable source of material. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of Raman spectroscopy to screen for histologically confirmed cases of Cervical Intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) using biobanked liquid based cytology (LBC) samples. Two temperatures for long term storage were assessed; 80°C and -25°C. The utility of Raman spectroscopy for the detection of CIN was compared for fresh LBC samples and biobanked LBC samples. Two groups of samples were used for the study with one group associated with disease (CIN 3) and the other associated …

Understanding The Complicated Landscape Of Civil War Monuments, Jessica Owley, Jess Phelps

Articles

This essay examines the controversy regarding confederate monuments and attempts to contextualize this debate within the current preservation framework. While much attention has been paid to this topic over the past year, particularly with regard to "public" monuments, such discussion has generally failed to recognize the varied and complicated property law layers involved which can fundamentally change the legal requirements for modification or removal. We propose a spectrum or framework for assessing these resources ranging from public to private, and we explore the messy space in-between these poles where most monuments actually fall. By highlighting these categories, we provide an …

Sex, Lies, And Videotape: Deep Fakes And Free Speech Delusions, Mary Anne Franks, Ari Ezra Waldman

Articles

No abstract provided.

The Rule Of Law Collaborative: A Center Of Practical, Interdisciplinary Research, And Engagement On Pressing Rule Of Law Issues Around The World, Joel H. Samuels

Articles

No abstract provided.

Drawing Trump Naked: Curbing The Right Of Publicity To Protect Public Discourse, Thomas E. Kadri

Articles

From Donald Trump to Lindsay Lohan to Manuel Noriega, real people who are portrayed in expressive works are increasingly targeting creators of those works for allegedly violating their "right of publicity "-a state-law tort that prohibits the unauthorized use of a person's name, likeness, and other identifying characteristics. Intuitively, we might feel confident that Mark Zuckerberg should not be able to block his portrayal in The Social Network movie, that Marilyn Monroe could not have stopped Andy Warhol from exhibiting his vibrant paintings, that O.J. Simpson could not have demanded money from FX to air the American Crime Story docudrama. …

Reputation And Accountability: Another Look At The United Nations’ Response To The Cholera Epidemic In Haiti, Kristina Daugirdas

Articles

The cholera outbreak in Haiti offers a useful case study of reputation as a disciplinarian of international organizations. On the one hand, UN officials and member states alike have emphasized the need to repair the organization’s damaged reputation. On the other hand, the UN secretariat declined to take certain steps that might have averted—or at least mitigated—that reputational damage in the first place. This contribution argues that the United Nations’ response to cholera in Haiti showcases some important limitations and complications of reputation as a disciplinarian. Reputation will function as a less effective disciplinarian of organizations in the context of …

Shadow Health Records Meet New Data Privacy Laws, W. Nicholson Price Ii, Margot E. Kaminski, Timo Minssen, Kayte Spector-Bagdady

Articles

Large sets of health data can enable innovation and quality measurement but can also create technical challenges and privacy risks. When entities such as health plans and health care providers handle personal health information, they are often subject to data privacy regulation. But amid a flood of new forms of health data, some third parties have figured out ways to avoid some data privacy laws, developing what we call “shadow health records”—collections of health data outside the health system that provide detailed pictures of individual health—that allow both innovative research and commercial targeting despite data privacy rules. Now that space …

Catch And Kill: Does The First Amendment Protect Buying Speech To Bury It?, Leonard M. Niehoff

Articles

The news media usually chase stories in order to publish them—but sometimes not so much. In some instances, media entities vigorously pursue a story—and purchase the source’s right to tell it—for the specific purpose of ensuring that it does not see the light of day. This practice, commonly called “catch and kill,” has recently come under close scrutiny and raises a host of questions.

These include pragmatic questions: Does the practice work? Can the media entity (or a third-party beneficiary) really enforce the underlying contract? Doesn’t the source’s willingness to abide by the contract come down to a simple economic …

Targeting Poverty In The Courts: Improving The Measurement Of Ability To Pay Fines, Meghan M. O'Neil, J.J. Prescott

Articles

Ability-to-pay determinations are essential when governments use money-based alternative sanctions, like fines, to enforce laws. One longstanding difficulty in the U.S. has been the extreme lack of guidance on how courts are to determine a litigant’s ability to pay. The result has been a seat-of-the-pants approach that is inefficient and inaccurate, and, as a consequence, very socially costly. Fortunately, online platform technology presents a promising avenue for reform. In particular, platform technology offers the potential to increase litigant access, reduce costs, and ensure consistent and fair treatment—all of which should lead to more accurate sanctions. We use interviews, surveys, and …

Myopia Outcome Study Of Atropine In Children (Mosaic): An Investigator-Led, Double-Masked, Placebo-Controlled, Randomised Clinical Trial Protocol, Saoirse Mccrann, Daniel Ian Flitcroft, Niall C. Strang, Kathryn J. Saunders, Nicola S. Logan, Samantha Szeyee Lee, David A. Mackey, John Butler, James Loughman

Articles

Background: The Myopia Outcome Study of Atropine in Children (MOSAIC) aims to explore the efficacy, safety, acceptability and mechanisms of action of 0.01% unpreserved atropine for myopia control in a European population. Methods: MOSAIC is an

The Effect Of Atmospheric Cold Plasma On Bacterial Stress Responses And Virulence Using Listeria Monocytogenes Knockout Mutants, Apurva Patange, Conor O'Byrne, Daniela Boehm, Patrick J. Cullen, Kevin Keener, Paula Bourke

Articles

Listeria monocytogenes is an opportunistic intracellular pathogen commonly associated with serious 16 infections and multiple food-borne outbreaks. In this study, we investigated the influence of 17 atmospheric cold plasma (80 kV, 50 Hz) on L. monocytogenes (EGD-e) and its knockout mutants of 18 sigB, rsbR, prfA, gadD and lmo0799 genes at different treatment time intervals. Further, to ascertain if 19 sub-lethal environmental stress conditions could influence L. monocytogenes survival and growth 20 responses, atmospheric cold plasma (ACP) resistance was evaluated for the cultures exposed to cold 21 (4°C) or acid (pH 4) stress for 1 h. The results demonstrate that …

A U-Net Deep Learning Framework For High Performance Vessel Segmentation In Patients With Cerebrovascular Disease, Michelle Livne, Jana Rieger, Orhun Utku Aydin, Abdel Aziz Taha, Ela Marie Akay, Tabea Kossen, Jan Sobesky, John D. Kelleher, Kristian Hildebrand, Dietmar Frey, Vince I. Madai

Articles

Brain vessel status is a promising biomarker for better prevention and treatment in cerebrovascular disease. However, classic rule-based vessel segmentation algorithms need to be hand-crafted and are insufficiently validated. A specialized deep learning method—the U-net—is a promising alternative. Using labeled data from 66 patients with cerebrovascular disease, the U-net framework was optimized and evaluated with three metrics: Dice coefficient, 95% Hausdorff distance (95HD) and average Hausdorff distance (AVD). The model performance was compared with the traditional segmentation method of graph-cuts. Training and reconstruction was performed using 2D patches. A full and a reduced architecture with less parameters were trained. We …

The Case Against Expanding Defamation Law, Yonathan A. Arbel, Murat Mungan

Articles

It is considered axiomatic that defamation law protects reputation. This proposition--commonsensical, pervasive, and influential-- is faulty. Underlying this fallacy is the failure to appreciate audience effects: the interaction between defamation law and members of the audience.

Defamation law seeks to affect the behavior of speakers by making them bear a cost for spreading untruthful information. Invariably, however, the law will also affect members of the audience, as statements made in a highly regulated environment tend to appear more reliable than statements made without accountability. Strict defamation law would tend to increase the perceived reliability of statements, which in some cases …

Plasma-Treated Air And Water—Assessment Of Synergistic Antimicrobial Effects For Sanitation Of Food Processing Surfaces And Environment, Uta Schnabel, Oliver Handorf, Kateryna Yarova, Björn Zessin, Susann Zechlin, Diana Sydow, Elke Zellmer, Jörg Stachowiak, Mathias Andrasch, Harald Below, Jörg Ehlbeck

Articles

The synergistic antimicrobial effects of plasma-processed air (PPA) and plasma-treated water (PTW), which are indirectly generated by a microwave-induced non-atmospheric pressure plasma, were investigated with the aid of proliferation assays. For this purpose, microorganisms (Listeriamonocytogenes, Escherichiacoli, Pectobacteriumcarotovorum, sporulatedBacillusatrophaeus) were cultivated as monocultures on specimens with polymeric surface structures. Both the distinct and synergistic antimicrobial potential of PPA and PTW were governed by the plasma-on time (5–50 s) and the treatment time of the specimens with PPA/PTW (1–5 min). In single PTW treatment of the bacteria, an elevation of the reduction factor with increasing treatment time could be observed (e.g., reduction …

Surface Waves Over Currents And Uneven Bottom, Alan Compelli, Rossen Ivanov, Calin I. Martin, Michail D. Todorov

Articles

The propagation of surface water waves interacting with a current and an uneven bottom is studied. Such a situation is typical for ocean waves where the winds generate currents in the top layer of the ocean. The role of the bottom topography is taken into account since it also influences the local wave and current patterns. Specific scaling of the variables is selected which leads to approximations of Boussinesq and KdV types. The arising KdV equation with variable coefficients, dependent on the bottom topography, is studied numerically when the initial condition is in the form of the one soliton solution …

Riemann-Hilbert Problem, Integrability And Reductions, Vladimir Gerdjikov, Rossen Ivanov, Aleksander Stefanov

Articles

Abstract. The present paper is dedicated to integrable models with Mikhailov reduction groups G_R ≃ D_h. Their Lax representation allows us to prove, that their solution is equivalent to solving Riemann-Hilbert problems, whose contours depend on the realization of the G_R-action on the spectral parameter. Two new examples of Nonlinear Evolution Equations (NLEE) with D_h symmetries are presented.

Benjamin-Ono Model Of An Internal Wave Under A Flat Surface, Alan Compelli, Rossen Ivanov

Articles

A two-layer uid system separated by a pycnocline in the form of an internal wave is considered. The lower layer is infinitely deep, with a higher density than the upper layer which is bounded above by a at surface. The uids are incompressible and inviscid. A Hamiltonian formulation for the dynamics in the presence of a depth-varying current is presented and it is shown that an appropriate scaling leads to the integrable Benjamin-Ono equation.

Using Drawings To Understand Perceptions Of Civic Engagement Across Disciplines: ‘Seeing Is Understanding’, Sharon Feeney, John Hogan

Articles

In this article, we wish to investigate if disciplinary differences exist among students when considering the topic of civic engagement. We use freehand drawing to create a learning environment in the classroom wherein students can seek to develop meaningful associations with civic engagement. The drawings examined here, produced by three different class groups, provide insights into how young adults perceive their society and their place in it, and thus communicate their understanding of civic engagement. Freehand drawing, in bypassing cognitive verbal processing routes, leads students to produce clearer and more holistic images. It allows them to put into visuals a …

Spent Coffee Waste As A Potential Media Component For Xylanase Production And Potential Application In Juice Enrichment, Rajeev Ravindran, Gwilym Williams, Amit Jaiswal

Articles

In this study, spent coffee waste (SCW) was used as the sole carbon source for xylanase production in solid state fermentation mode using Aspergillus niger. A Box–Behnken design was constructed using three parameters viz. temperature, initial moisture content, and log number of sporestodeterminetheoptimalfermentationcondition. Thebestfermentationconditionsforxylanase productionwerefound to beincubation at30◦Cwith aninitial moisture contentof 70%and usingan inoculum of 6.5×106 spores/g of dry SCW. Furthermore, the design of experiments revealed that maintaining a medium composition of 0.2 g of yeast extract, 0.04 g of K2HPO4, and 0.03 g of MgSO4 increased xylanase production. Under optimised solid-state fermentation conditions an enzyme activity of 6495.6 IU/g …

Evaluation Of Brewer's Spent Grain Hydrolysate As A Substrate For Production Of Thermostable Α-Amylase By Bacillus Stearothermophilus, Rajeev Ravindran, Gwilym A. Williams, Amit Jaiswal

Articles

In the present study, BSG was hydrolysed using cellulolytic enzymes and used as a growth medium supplement for cultivation of the thermophilic bacterium, Bacillus stearothermophilus in the production of α-amylase. A central composite design involving five parameters and four levels viz. starch, peptone, KCl, and MgSO4 along with BSG hydrolysate was used to derive the optimal media composition. The fermentation was conducted using shake flasks for 36 h at a temperature of 50 °C and pH 7.0 at 220 rpm. Optimization trials revealed that maximal amylase production (198.09 U/ml) occurred with a medium composition of starch (0.2% w/v), peptone (0.2% …

Innovating Inclusion: The Impact Of Women On Private Company Boards, Jennifer S. Fan

Articles

Eight percent—that is the percentage of women who serve on the boards of directors of private high technology companies. Private companies, particularly high technology companies, have transformed citizens’ daily lives, while the unprecedented availability of private capital has allowed those companies to remain private longer. This rise, however, has also obscured some of the weaknesses of private companies, which are not subject to public disclosure and regulatory oversight: rampant sexual harassment, the lack of women leaders in technology companies, the relative absence of female venture capitalists, and the dearth of female board members, to name a few. Yet thus far, …

Note: The Prisoner’S Dementia: Ethical And Legal Issues Regarding Dementia And Healthcare In Prison, David M. N. Garavito

Articles

This Note will give an overview of the political and legal issues that lead to the underdiagnosing of dementias in prison populations and the problems associated with such underdiagnosing. Part I will discuss various forms of dementia that place the prison population at risk, providing general information about both pathology and symptomology of these disorders. Part II will provide an overview of the laws and policies surrounding the healthcare of prisoners and how these policies could lead to underdiagnosing problems specifically with neurological problems like dementia. Part III will describe how the symptomology of dementia, especially for those who remain …

Uncompromising Hunger For Justice: Resistance, Sacrifice, And Latcrit Theory, Brenda Williams, Edwin Lindo, Marc-Tizoc González

Articles

In this Article, three law professors report on and theorize a nonviolent direct-action campaign of the kind discussed by Dr. King in his famous Letter from a Birmingham Jail. Using the basic steps of the nonviolent campaign as an organizing framework, they analyze and report on the 18-day hunger strike by the Frisco 5 (a.k.a., Frisco5). This direct action protested the extrajudicial killings of Amilcar Perez-Lopez, Alex Nieto, Luis Góngora-Pat, and Mario Woods by San Francisco Police Department (SFPD) officers and advocated for institutional change to reduce the risk of homicides against persons with similarly racialized minority-group identities. Two weeks …

Social Justice And Deposit Return Calculations: A Study Of Success And Failure In Commercial Law Reform, William H. Widen

Articles

No abstract provided.