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Articles 2461 - 2490 of 2927
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
A Simulation Model To Characterize Photolithography Process Of A Semiconductor Wafer Fabrication, Amr Arisha, Paul Young, Mohie El Baradie
A Simulation Model To Characterize Photolithography Process Of A Semiconductor Wafer Fabrication, Amr Arisha, Paul Young, Mohie El Baradie
Articles
The pressures on semiconductor manufacturers due to cost considerations, rapid growth of process technology, quality constraints, feature size reduction, and increasingly complex products are requiring ever higher efficiency from manufacturing facilities. The complexity of manufacturing high capacity semiconductor devices means that it is impossible to analyze the process control parameters and the production configurations using traditional analytical models. There is, therefore, an increasing need for effective models of each manufacturing process, characterizing and analyzing the process in detail, allowing the effect of changes in the production environment on the process to be predicted. The photolithography process is one of the …
Integrating Visualization Into The Modeling Of Business Simulations, Victor Perotti, Tom F. Pray
Integrating Visualization Into The Modeling Of Business Simulations, Victor Perotti, Tom F. Pray
Articles
This article demonstrates the advantages of using visualization as part of the modeling process. Several examples are given to show how visualization can help developers to more completely understand the range of behaviors for their algorithms. Specifically, the Cobb Douglas function and Gold Pray demand system are examined using a tool that combines mathematical modeling with visualization capabilities.
Incorporation Of Polarization Into The Dirsig Synthetic Image Generation Model, Jason P. Meyers, John R. Schott, Scott D. Brown
Incorporation Of Polarization Into The Dirsig Synthetic Image Generation Model, Jason P. Meyers, John R. Schott, Scott D. Brown
Articles
The Digital Imaging and Remote Sensing Synthetic Image Generation (DIRSIG) model uses a quantitative first principles approach to generate synthetic hyperspectral imagery. This paper presents the methods used to add modeling of polarization phenomenology. The radiative transfer equations were modified to use Stokes vectors for the radiance values and Mueller matrices for the energy-matter interactions. The use of Stokes vectors enables a full polarimetric characterization of the illumination and sensor reaching radiances. The bi-directional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) module was rewritten and modularized to accommodate a variety of polarized and unpolarized BRDF models. Two new BRDF models based on Torrance- …
Ion Contribution To The Astrophysical Important 447.15, 587.56 And 667.82 Nm He I Spectral Lines Broadening, Vladimir Milosavljevic, Stevan Djenize
Ion Contribution To The Astrophysical Important 447.15, 587.56 And 667.82 Nm He I Spectral Lines Broadening, Vladimir Milosavljevic, Stevan Djenize
Articles
Characteristics of the astrophysical important Stark broadened 447.15 nm, 587.56 nm and 667.82 nm spectral line profiles have been measured at electron densities between 0.3 10 and 8.2 10 m and electron temperatures between 8000 and 33 000 K in plasmas created in five various discharge conditions using a linear, low-pressure, pulsed arc as an optically thin plasma source operated in a helium-nitrogen-oxygen gas mixture. On the basis of the observed asymmetry of the line profiles we have obtained their ion broadening parameters ( A) caused by influence of the ion microfield on the line broadening mechanism and also …
The Stumbling Block: Freedom, Rationality, And Legal Scholarship, Jeanne L. Schroeder
The Stumbling Block: Freedom, Rationality, And Legal Scholarship, Jeanne L. Schroeder
Articles
The article critiques the dominance of policy-oriented legal scholarship, particularly in law and economics, arguing that it oversimplifies human behavior by focusing on predictable, instrumental rationality. It advocates for a more balanced approach that incorporates jurisprudential, theoretical, and doctrinal scholarship, drawing on speculative theory from Continental philosophy and psychoanalysis to provide a richer understanding of rationality and human subjectivity. The author suggests that critical legal scholarship could be revitalized by engaging with thinkers like Kant, Hegel, and Lacan, who offer deeper insights into freedom, spontaneity, and the symbolic order.
Geospatial Data Handling For Web-Based And Mobile Applications, James Carswell
Geospatial Data Handling For Web-Based And Mobile Applications, James Carswell
Articles
One of the main bottlenecks for web-based GIS usability is in the transmission and handling of the vast amounts of geospatial data involved. The shear volume of raster, vector, attribute, and other data to be analysed, queried, transmitted and displayed over the WWW in real-time is prohibited by connection speeds. In this paper we introduce e-Spatial technology, a fully integrated open standard web-based solution to manage multiple spatial relationships directly in an Oracle Spatial database and to deploy in real-time spatially enabled (or standard) applications completely independent of data volume. Indeed, no application code is ever installed on the client …
Stark Shifts And Transition Probabilities In The Ne Ii Spectrum, Stevan Djenize, Vladimir Milosavljevic, Milan S. Dimitrijevic
Stark Shifts And Transition Probabilities In The Ne Ii Spectrum, Stevan Djenize, Vladimir Milosavljevic, Milan S. Dimitrijevic
Articles
Stark shifts (d) and transition probabilities of the spontaneous emission (Einstein's A values) of forty two singly charged neon ( ) ion spectral lines have been measured in a linear, low pressure, pulsed arc at 35 300 K electron temperature and 1.83 10 23 m -3 electron density. Transition probabilities have been obtained using the relative line intensity ratio (RLIR) method. Stark shift values have also been calculated, using the semiclassical perturbation formalism (SCPF). The measured and calculated shift values and the measured A values have been compared to the existing data taken from available data sources.
Modeling Survival For Unthinned Slash Pine Plantations In East Texas Under The Influence Of Non-Planted Tree Basal Area And Incidence Of Fusiform Rust, Young-Jin Lee, Dean W. Coble
Modeling Survival For Unthinned Slash Pine Plantations In East Texas Under The Influence Of Non-Planted Tree Basal Area And Incidence Of Fusiform Rust, Young-Jin Lee, Dean W. Coble
Articles
A stand level survival model for unthinned slash pine (Pinus elliotti!) plantations in east Texas was developed that incorporates density of non-planted tree basal area per hectare competition and the incidence of fusiform rust (Cronartium quercuum). Survival data on planted slash pine trees were collected on 197 permanent research plots that represent a broad range of site, age, and competitive status combinations. A system of two equations was fit to the survival data using simultaneous nonlinear regression. All model parameters were significant at the 0.05 probability level. The model showed that the number of surviving planted slash pine trees decreased …
Nonlinear Dynamics Of Modulation Formats For 40 Gb/S Transmission On Standard Single-Mode Fiber And Dispersion-Managed Fiber, Andrey Kanaev, Gregory Luther, Vassilios Kovanis
Nonlinear Dynamics Of Modulation Formats For 40 Gb/S Transmission On Standard Single-Mode Fiber And Dispersion-Managed Fiber, Andrey Kanaev, Gregory Luther, Vassilios Kovanis
Articles
The nonlinear properties of NRZ, RZ50, RZ33, CSRZ, and DPSK in 40 Gbit/s 1000 km single fiber and DMF systems are analysed. We find that DPSK provides 1.3 dBQ nonlinear tolerance advantage over RZ in both optical links. We show that RZ formats tolerate 2 dBm higher power per channel than NRZ, further increasing their advantage in linear receiver sensitivity. We find that smaller duty cycle formats exhibit better performance due to suppression of sXPM and sFWM and CSRZ nonlinear tolerance to sFWM is enhanced due to the intermittent phase of the signal. In addition, we determine linear cross-talk penalties …
Let 'The Fundamental Things Apply': Necessary And Contingent Truths In Legal Scholarship, Richard A. Epstein
Let 'The Fundamental Things Apply': Necessary And Contingent Truths In Legal Scholarship, Richard A. Epstein
Articles
No abstract provided.
Pragmatism Versus Purposivism In First Amendment Analysis, Richard A. Posner
Pragmatism Versus Purposivism In First Amendment Analysis, Richard A. Posner
Articles
No abstract provided.
Thinking Outside The Little Boxes: A Response To Professor Schlunk, David A. Weisbach
Thinking Outside The Little Boxes: A Response To Professor Schlunk, David A. Weisbach
Articles
No abstract provided.
Measured Interpretation: Introducing The Method Of Correspondence Analysis To Legal Studies, Bernard E. Harcourt
Measured Interpretation: Introducing The Method Of Correspondence Analysis To Legal Studies, Bernard E. Harcourt
Articles
Professor Harcourt develops and advocates a method to more rigorously measure and evaluate how qualitative "social meaning" variables relate to legal practices and public policies. The method integrates in-depth qualitative interviews with an experimental free associational component, map analysis of the interviews, and a methodology, correspondence analysis, that remains little known in the United States despite its acceptance in other parts of the world. Correspondence analysis, according to Professor Harcourt, is a tool that allows researchers to visually represent the relationship between structures of social meaning and the contexts and practices within which they are embedded. This method opens up …
Imaging At The National Gallery Of Art, Washington D.C., Francisco Imai, Lawrence Taplin, David Day
Imaging At The National Gallery Of Art, Washington D.C., Francisco Imai, Lawrence Taplin, David Day
Articles
This report provides the description of a recent fine art spectral imaging session at the National Gallery of Art, Washington D. C. This report also includes subsequent evaluation of the performance of our multi-channel visible-spectral imaging (MVSI) system. The multi-band channels analyzed in this report were obtained using a monochrome CCD and a liquid-crystal tunable filter (LCTF) capturing 31 narrow-band channels. The results showed the effectiveness of our designed spectral imaging when used at a museum environment to capture spectral imaging of fine art paintings. Furthermore, we also verified the dependence of the performance on the selection of the characterization …
Comparison Of The Accuracy Of Various Transformations From Multi-Band Images To Reflectance Spectra, Francisco Imai, Lawrence Taplin, Ellen Day
Comparison Of The Accuracy Of Various Transformations From Multi-Band Images To Reflectance Spectra, Francisco Imai, Lawrence Taplin, Ellen Day
Articles
This report provides a comparative study of the spectral and colorimetric accuracy of various transformations from multi-band digital signals to spectral reflectance. The multiband channels were obtained by multi-channel visible-spectral imaging (MVSI) using a monochrome CCD and two different filtering systems. In the first system we used a liquid-crystal tunable filter (LCTF) capturing 31 narrow-band channels. We also used a filter wheel with a set of 6 glass filters imaging with and without an extra Wratten absorption filter giving a total of 12 channels. Four different mathematical methods were tested to derive reflectance spectra from digital signals: pseudo-inverse, eigenvector analysis, …
A Methodology For Planning Distance Learning Courses, Anthony Trippe
A Methodology For Planning Distance Learning Courses, Anthony Trippe
Articles
This article is based on personal experience gained as a result of facilitating over sixty asynchronous classes over the last four years. The article is organized into five areas of review and consideration which can assist the faculty member to plan and develop a learning-centered course intended for distance delivery. Whether in the classroom or on the Internet, critical scrutiny and analysis of the elements of a course is essential for development of a high quality course. The review points presented in this article specifically address key considerations for development for a course delivered in a virtual environment.
Designing Programming Courses For Et Students, Anthony Trippe
Designing Programming Courses For Et Students, Anthony Trippe
Articles
Rochester Institute of Technology offers a three-course technical programming sequence for Engineering Technology students. All three courses are required for Computer Engineering Technology students. The first two courses are required for Telecommunications ET students. Electrical and Civil ET students are required to take only the first course of the sequence. This paper reviews and discusses the events and experiences associated with the development and initial conduct of this sequence of C++ programming courses. It details how the courses were designed to assist ET students to better succeed in higher level courses taken later in their program sequence. Foundation elements of …
Tournaments With A Transitive Subtournament As A Feedback Arc Set, Jennifer Baldwin, William Kronholm, Darren Narayan
Tournaments With A Transitive Subtournament As A Feedback Arc Set, Jennifer Baldwin, William Kronholm, Darren Narayan
Articles
Given an acyclic digraph D, we seek a smallest sized tournament T that has D as a minimum feedback arc set. The reversing number of a digraph is defined to be r(D) = |V (T)|−|V (D)| . The case where D is a tournament Tn was studied by Isaak in 1995 using an integer linear programming formulation. In particular, this approach was used to produce lower bounds for r(Tn), and it was conjectured that the given bounds were tight. We examine the class of tournaments where n = 2k +2k−2 and show the known lower bounds for r(Tn) are best …
Predictably Incoherent Judgments, Cass R. Sunstein, Daniel Kahneman, Ilana Ritov, David Schkade
Predictably Incoherent Judgments, Cass R. Sunstein, Daniel Kahneman, Ilana Ritov, David Schkade
Articles
When people make moral or legal judgments in isolation, they produce a pattern of outcomes that they would themselves reject, if only they could see that pattern as a whole. A major reason is that human thinking is category-bound. When people see a case in isolation, they spontaneously compare it to other cases that are mainly drawn from the same category of harms. When people are required to compare cases that involve different kinds of harms, judgments that appear sensible when the problems are considered separately often appear incoherent and arbitrary in the broader context. Another major source of incoherence …
A Computational Approach For The Ramsey Numbers R(C_4, K_N), Stanislaw Radziszowski, Kung-Kuen Tse
A Computational Approach For The Ramsey Numbers R(C_4, K_N), Stanislaw Radziszowski, Kung-Kuen Tse
Articles
For graphs G and H, the Ramsey number R(G,H) is the least integer n such that every 2-coloring of the edges of K_n contains a subgraph isomorphic to G in the first color or a subgraph isomorphic to H in the second color. Graph G is a (C_4, K_n)-graph if G doesn't contain a cycle C_4 and G has no independent set of order n. Jayawardene and Rousseau showed that 21 < = R(C_4,K_7) < = 22. In this work we determine R(C_4, K_7) = 22 and R(C_4,K_8) = 26, and enumerate various families of (C_4, K_n)-graphs. In particular, we construct all (C_4, K_n)-graphs for n < 7, and all (C_4,K_7)-graphs on at least 19 vertices. Most of the results are based on computer algorithms.
Fibonacci Determinants, Nathan Cahill, John D’Errico, Darren Narayan
Fibonacci Determinants, Nathan Cahill, John D’Errico, Darren Narayan
Articles
Fibonacci numbers don't occur everywhere but they can arise in unexpected places, such as Hessenberg matrices. (You don't know what a Hessenberg matrix is? Better find out!)
Rational Generalized Moonshine From Abelian Orbifoldings Of The Moonshine Module, Rossen Ivanov, Michael Tuite
Rational Generalized Moonshine From Abelian Orbifoldings Of The Moonshine Module, Rossen Ivanov, Michael Tuite
Articles
We consider orbifoldings of the Moonshine Module with respect to the abelian group generated by a pair of commuting Monster group elements with one of prime order p = 2, 3, 5, 7 and the other of order pk for k = 1 or k prime. We show that constraints arising from meromorphic orbifold conformal field theory allow us to demonstrate that each orbifold partition function with rational coefficients is either constant or is a hauptmodul for an explicitly found modular fixing group of genus zero. We thus confirm in the cases considered the Generalised Moonshine conjectures for all rational …
Scale And Orientation-Invariant Scene Similarity Metrics For Image Queries, James Carswell
Scale And Orientation-Invariant Scene Similarity Metrics For Image Queries, James Carswell
Articles
In this paper we extend our previous work on shape-based queries to support queries on configurations of image objects. Here we consider spatial reasoning, especially directional and metric object relationships. Existing models for spatial reasoning tend to rely on pre-identified cardinal directions and minimal scale variations, assumption that cannot be considered as given in our image applications, where orientations and scale may vary substantially, and are often unknown. Accordingly, we have developed the method of varying baselines to identify similarities in direction and distance relations. Our method allows us to evaluate directional similarities without a priori knowledge of cardinal directions, …
Clinical Assessment Of The Quantitative Posturography System (Qps), Jacinta Browne, G. O'Hare, A. Finn, J. Colin
Clinical Assessment Of The Quantitative Posturography System (Qps), Jacinta Browne, G. O'Hare, A. Finn, J. Colin
Articles
The objectives of this study were to evaluate a novel design dynamic force platform the Quantitative Posturography System (QPS). The evaluation consisted of identifying the effects due to ageing and disease of the postural control system and also to examine the relationship between functional performance and postural sway. An AOVA design and Pearson-Product correlation design were used. Seventy healthy subjects, seven subjects with Parkinson’s disease and eight subjects with a history of falls took part in the study. It was found that the QPS was able to identify changes due to both the ageing process and disease on the postural …
The Random Muse: Authorship And Indeterminacy, Alan L. Durham
The Random Muse: Authorship And Indeterminacy, Alan L. Durham
Articles
No abstract provided.
The U'G'R'I'Z' Standard Star Setwork, J. Allyn Smith, Douglas L. Tucker, Stephen Kent, Michael Richmond, Masataka Fukugita, Takashi Ichikawa, Shin-Ichi Ichikawa, Anders M. Jorgensen, Alan Uomoto, James E. Gunn, Masaru Hamabe, Alin Tolea, Arne Henden, James Annis, Jeffrey R. Pier, Timothy A. Mckay, Jon Brinkmann, Bing Chen, Jon Holtzman, Kazuhiro Shimasaku, Donald G. York
The U'G'R'I'Z' Standard Star Setwork, J. Allyn Smith, Douglas L. Tucker, Stephen Kent, Michael Richmond, Masataka Fukugita, Takashi Ichikawa, Shin-Ichi Ichikawa, Anders M. Jorgensen, Alan Uomoto, James E. Gunn, Masaru Hamabe, Alin Tolea, Arne Henden, James Annis, Jeffrey R. Pier, Timothy A. Mckay, Jon Brinkmann, Bing Chen, Jon Holtzman, Kazuhiro Shimasaku, Donald G. York
Articles
We present the 158 standard stars that define the u'g'r'i'z' photometric system. These stars form the basis for the photometric calibration of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). The defining instrument system and filters, the observing process, the reduction techniques, and the software used to create the stellar network are all described. We briefly discuss the history of the star selection process, the derivation of a set of transformation equations for the UBVRcIc system, and plans for future work. (Refer to PDF file for exact formulas).
K(Π, 1) For Artin Groups Of Finite Type, Colum Watt, Thomas Brady
K(Π, 1) For Artin Groups Of Finite Type, Colum Watt, Thomas Brady
Articles
This paper is a continuation of a programme to construct new K(π, 1)’s for Artin groups of finite type which began in [4] with Artin groups on 2 and 3 generators and was extended to braid groups in [3]. These K(π, 1)’s differ from those in [6] in that their universal covers are simplicial complexes. In [4] a complex is constructed whose top-dimensional cells correspond to minimal factorizations of a Coxeter element as a product of reflections in a finite Coxeter group. Asphericity is established in low dimensions using a metric of non-positive curvature. Since the nonpositive curvature condition is …
A Partial Order On The Orthogonal Group, Colum Watt, Thomas Brady
A Partial Order On The Orthogonal Group, Colum Watt, Thomas Brady
Articles
We define a natural partial order on the orthogonal group and completely describe the intervals in this partial order. The main technical ingredient is that an orthogonal transformation induces a unique orthogonal transformation on each subspace of the orthogonal complement of its fixed subspace.
On Unit Sum Numbers Of Rational Groups, Brendan Goldsmith, Christopher Meehan, S. Wallutis
On Unit Sum Numbers Of Rational Groups, Brendan Goldsmith, Christopher Meehan, S. Wallutis
Articles
The unit sum numbers of rational groups are investigated: the importance of the prime 2 being an automorphism of the rational group is discussed and other results are achieved by considering the number and distribution of rational primes which are, or are not, automorphisms of the group. Proof is given of the existence of rational groups with unit sum numbers greater than 2 but of finite value .
On Torsion And Mixed Minimal Abelian Groups, Brendan Goldsmith, S. O. Hogain
On Torsion And Mixed Minimal Abelian Groups, Brendan Goldsmith, S. O. Hogain
Articles
An abelian group is said to be minimal if it is isomorphic to all its subgroups of finite index. We obtain a complete characterisation of such groups in the torsion case; in the case of mixed groups of rank 1 we obtain a characterisation for some large classes of such groups.