Digital Commons Network^™

Mandatory Retaliation For Breach Of Trade Agreements: Some Thoughts On The Strategic Design Of Section 301, Alan O. Sykes

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No abstract provided.

The Doctrine Of Commercial Impracticability In A Second-Best World, Alan O. Sykes

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No abstract provided.

Major Developments In 1990 At The Un Commission On Human Rights, Reed Brody, Penny Parker, David Weissbrodt

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The forty-sixth session of the United Nations Commission on Human Rights met from 29 January to 9 March 1990. It was the first meeting of the Com- mission following the democratic changes in Central Europe, the suppression of the pro-democracy movement in China, and the US invasion of Panama. The Commission also met after the General Assembly had called for an enlargement of its membership to remedy the under-representation of third world countries, while asking the Commission to study ways of making its work more effective.

The 41st Session Of The Un Sub-Commission On Prevention Of Discrimination And Protection Of Minorities, Robin M. Maher, David Weissbrodt

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The forty-first session ofthe Sub-Commission on Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities (hereinafter the Sub-Commission) met in August 1989 to address a number of human rights situations that had come to worldwide attention since 1988. The session followed the bloody suppres- sion of demonstrations in the People's Republic of China, a rash of bombings and political assassinations in Colombia, and the use of chemical weapons against unarmed civilians in Iraq. Moreover, unusual political pressures from a variety of sources played an important role. As the Sub-Commission de- bated its first resolution on a country which holds a permanent seat …

Just Deserts For Juveniles: Punishment V. Treatment And The Difference It Makes, Barry Feld

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No abstract provided.

The (Unlikely) Death Of Property, James E. Krier

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Is property dead? Thomas Grey has argued that it is.' If he is right, we have an answer to the principal question of this symposium panel, which asks whether regulation and property are allies or enemies. If Professor Grey is right, they are neitherbecause property no longer exists. If he is wrong (as I believe he partly is), then, I argue, regulation and property are allies and enemies alike, and will remain so.

Memorials: Marian Gould Gallagher, Melissa Sue Landers, Penny A. Hazelton

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No abstract provided.

Recent Developments, Arms Control--Superpower Relations In The New Europe, Anita Ramasastry, Sharon Bowden

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No abstract provided.

Nepa At Twenty: Mimicry And Recruitment In Environmental Law, William H. Rodgers, Jr.

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We are gathered here to consider not so much a twenty year-old law but a twenty year-old that has been extraordinarily far-reaching and influential. In its own special way, the National Environmental Polic Act and the environmental assessment that it represents have become the legal equivalent of cultural fads such as Hula Hoops, Rubik's Cubes, and Air Jordans.

A good portion of this conference, I suspect, will be devoted to documenting the many measures of NEPA's significance—the legal business it has generated, the institutional moves it has inspired, the precious places it is credited with saving.

My opening remarks will …

From The President, Penny A. Hazelton

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A series of From the President columns written by then President of the American Association of Law Libraries Penny A. Hazelton in 1990 and 1991.

Clinical Realism: Simulated Hearings Based On Actual Events In Students' Lives, Samuel R. Gross

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This essay describes a novel clinical format, a simulation course that is based on students' testimony about actual events in their own lives. The two main purposes of the course, however, are not novel. First, I aim to teach the students to be effective trial lawyers by instructing them in the techniques of direct examination and cross-examination and by making them sensitive to the roles of the other courtroom players: the witness, the judge, and the jury. Second, I hope to encourage the students to think about the social and ethical consequences of our method of trying lawsuits.

Afterword To Chicago-Kent Law Review, Theodore J. St. Antoine

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A unifying theme of this Symposium is as old and enduring as the common law: when and how can a well-established, successful adjudicative institution be adapted to meet the demands of new and substantially different situations? There have been splendid triumphs of transference, such as Lord Mansfield's appropriation of the law merchant in the eighteenth century as a major building block of modem commercial law. There have also been embarrassing failures, like the abortive effort to transport American labor law concepts en masse into the alien British environment of the early 1970s. The common question confronting the participants in this …

Reasons, Authority, And The Meaning Of 'Obey': Further Thoughts On Raz And Obedience To Law, Donald H. Regan

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I recently published a long article' discussing a variety of topics from Joseph Raz's The Morality of Freedom.2 The article was part of a symposium on Raz's work in the Southern California Law Review. Raz responded' to the articles in that symposium, including my own. From a perspective which surveys the whole range of views on political philosophy, Raz's view and mine look very similar. Even so, we find many things to disagree about, which neither of us would regard as merely matters of detail. For the most part, we at least share a common understanding of our disagreements. But …

Gideon V. Wainwright A Quarter-Century Later, Yale Kamisar

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In a brief working paper sent to all conference participants, Professor Burt Neuborne suggested that we might consider several themes, among them "Gideon Celebrated," "Gideon Fulfilled," and "Gideon Betrayed." I think these are useful headings.

Some Implications Of Cognitive Psychology For Risk Regulation, Roger G. Noll, James E. Krier

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Beginning with a set of books and articles published in the 1950s, cognitive psychologists have developed a new descriptive theory of how people make decisions under conditions of risk and uncertainty. A dominant theme in the theory is that most people do not evaluate risky circumstances in the manner assumed by conventional decision theory-they do not, that is, seek to maximize the expected value of some function when selecting among actions with uncertain outcomes. The purpose of this article is to consider some implications of the cognitive theory for regulatory policies designed to control risks to life, health, and the …

Generalization In Interpretive Theory, Joseph Vining

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There are arguments at large about the nature of legal interpretation, proceeding from an implicit proposition that interpretation is the same phenomenon or experience whatever its setting. An assumption that there is one phenomenon can be found in discussions among lawyers of interpretation and in discussions among nonlawyers of legal interpretation-and as often in the work of those who would deny there is any significance to theorizing about interpretation, as of those who think persuasion to a particular theory will have the utmost consequence for law and society. Proceeding from such a proposition, rather than toward it, raises the risk …

Justifying The Judge's Hunch: An Essay On Discretion, Charles M. Yablon

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The article explores the interplay between jurisprudential and procedural perspectives on judicial discretion, arguing that these two discourses—often treated as distinct—offer valuable insights into each other. It examines how different models of discretion (skill, expediency, and creativity) operate within institutional frameworks, emphasizing the normative assumptions underlying their justifications. The analysis highlights the tension between rule-bound decision-making and the practical realities of judicial discretion, particularly in sentencing and appellate review.

Justice O'Connor's Opinion In Feist Publications, Inc. V. Rural Telephone Service Co.: An Uncommon Though Characteristic Approach, Marci A. Hamilton

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No abstract provided.

The Air Toxics Dilemma: Whither Section 112?, Michael E. Herz

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The Clean Air Act was the product of a spasm of extraordinary political unanimity. Its actual implementation, however, has been divisive and controversial from the start. For two decades now, politicians, members of the regulated community, environmental activists, and academics have been debating whether the Act represents a rational investment (current expenditures for air pollution control are generally estimated at something above thirty billion dollars), uses optimal or even sensible regulatory mechanisms, or has accomplished anything at all.

John Payne's Dream: A Brief History Of The University Of Alabama - School Of Law Library, 1887-1980, With Emphasis Upon Collection-Building, Paul M. Pruitt Jr., Penny Calhoun Gibson

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No abstract provided.

Presence/Absence Of An Observer In A Word Association Test, Morton Isaacs, Kathleen Chen

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Forty-eight subjects (24 men, 24 women) responded to 20 word stimuli presented by a microcomputer program that recorded each subject's response latency and response to each stimulus word. Emotionality of stimulus word and presence/absence of an observer were independently varied. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed significant difference in latencies attributable to the emotionality of the stimulus word, whereas neither the presence/absence of the observer nor the interaction effect was significant. The results suggest the possible use of latency analysis as a tool in situations where an objective, statistical, and easily obtainable evaluative measurement of the level of emotionality of …

The Effect Of A Single Point On Correlation And Slope, David L. Farnsworth

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By augmenting a bivariate data set with one point, the correlation coefficient and/or the slope of the regression line can be changed to any prescribed values. For the target value of the correlation coefficient or the slope, the coordinates of the new point are found as a function of certain statistics of the original data. The location of this new point with respect to the original data is investigated.

The Ramsey Numbers R(K_3, K_8 - E) And R(K_3, K_9 - E), Stanislaw Radziszowski

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We give a general construction of a triangle free graph on 4p points whose complement does not contain K_p+2 - e for p >= 4. This implies the the Ramsey number R(K_3, K_k - e) >= 4k - 7 for k >= 6. We also present a cyclic triangle free graph on 30 points whose complement does not contain K_9 - e. The first construction gives lower bounds equal to the exact values of the corresponding Ramsey number for k = 6, 7 and 8. the upper bounds are obtained by using computer algorithms. In particular, we obtain two new …

Risk And Design, James E. Krier

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Risk springs from uncertainty,' uncertainty invites error, and, since error can be costly, we would prefer to avoid it (provided, of course, that avoidance is not more costly yet). While there is much in the Noll and Krier article2 about judgmental error under conditions of risk and uncertainty, there is little about ways to avoid it. So avoidance-more accurately, minimization-of error costs is the topic I want to address very briefly and partially here.

Surrogate Motherhood From The Perspective Of Family Law, Carl E. Schneider

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One of the things that I find most puzzling about the question of surrogate motherhood is how easily many people answer it. One of the things that I have most admired about today's comments is their tone of constraint and their sense of complexity. I myself am sympathetic to the argument that the unhappiness of infertile couples is profound and that surrogacy contracts offer them the hope of an equally profound happiness. And I am prepared to believe that many surrogate mothers perform their part of the bargain without grief and even with gratification. Yet these benefits of surrogacy are …

The Public Domain, Jessica D. Litman

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This article examines the public domain by looking at the gulf between what authors really do and the way the law perceives them. Part I outlines the basics of copyright as a species of property and introduces the public domain's place within the copyright scheme. Copyright grants authors" ' rights modeled on real property in order to encourage authorship by providing authors with markets in which they can seek compensation for their creations. Because parcels of authorship are intangible, however, the law faces *problems in determining the ownership and boundaries of its property grants. In particular, the concept of "originality," …

Remembering The 'Old World' Of Criminal Procedure: A Reply To Professor Grano, Yale Kamisar

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When I graduated from high school in 1961, the "old world" of criminal procedure still existed, albeit in its waning days; when I graduated from law school in 1968, circa the time most of today's first-year law students were arriving on the scene, the "new world" had fully dislodged the old. Indeed, the force of the new world's revolutionary impetus already had crested. Some of the change that the criminal procedure revolution effected was for the better, but much of it, at least as some of us see it, was decidedly for the worse. My students, however, cannot make the …

James K. Robinson—56th President Of The State Bar Of Michigan, John W. Reed

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On September 14, 1990, James Kenneth Robinson became the 56th President of the State Bar of Michigan. The process that has brought him and the Bar to this good hour has produced a fortunate match between man and mission.

Patenting The Human Genome, Rebecca S. Eisenberg

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The increasing promise of federal funding for mapping and sequencing the human genome has brought with it renewed attention in the research science community to issues of intellectual property protection for products of biotechnology research. Echoing concerns raised a decade ago in the debate over commercialization of academic biomedical research, scientists have called for the free availability of all information generated through the Human Genome Project and have argued against allowing private intellectual property rights in such knowledge. Meanwhile, private parties have quietly been obtaining patents on bits and pieces of the human genome from the Patent and Trademark Office …

Gender And Race Bias Against Lawyers: A Classroom Response, Suellyn Scarnecchia

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In reviewing other clinicians' approaches to teaching about bias, I identified problems that eventually led me to design a two-hour class session on bias against lawyers. The following is a review of a few other teaching methods and a description of my own approach, detailing its own strengths and weaknesses. This is not an exhaustive review of all possible approaches to bias. It is offered to promote classroom discussion of bias against lawyers and to invite the development of innovative alternatives to my approach.