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Articles 5251 - 5280 of 7470
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
A Test Battery Approach To The Ecotoxicological Evaluation Of Cadmium And Copper Employing A Battery Of Marine Bioassays, Ailbhe Macken, Michelle Giltrap, Kim Ryall, Barry Foley, Evin Mcgovern, Brendan Mchugh, Maria Davoren
A Test Battery Approach To The Ecotoxicological Evaluation Of Cadmium And Copper Employing A Battery Of Marine Bioassays, Ailbhe Macken, Michelle Giltrap, Kim Ryall, Barry Foley, Evin Mcgovern, Brendan Mchugh, Maria Davoren
Articles
The main aim of this study was to investigate the sensitivity of the battery to two recognised metal pollutants of the marine environment and rank species sensitivity accordingly.
Inactivation Of Escherichia Coli In Orange Juice Using Ozone, Sonal Patil, Paula Bourke, Jesus Maria Frias, Brijesh Tiwari, Patrick J. Cullen
Inactivation Of Escherichia Coli In Orange Juice Using Ozone, Sonal Patil, Paula Bourke, Jesus Maria Frias, Brijesh Tiwari, Patrick J. Cullen
Articles
This research investigated the efficacy of gaseous ozone for the inactivation of Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and NCTC 12900 strains in orange juice. Orange juice inoculated with E. coli (106 CFU mL-1) as a challenge microorganism was treated with ozone at 75-78µg mL-1 for different time periods (0-18 min). The efficacy of ozone for inactivation of both strains of E. coli was evaluated as a function of different juice types: model orange juice, fresh unfiltered juice, juice without pulp, and juice filtered through 500mm or 1mm sieves. Fast inactivation rates for total reduction of E. coli …
Detection Of Numerous Verotoxigenic E. Coli Serotypes, With Multiple Antibiotic Resistance From Cattle Faeces And Soil, L. Scott, P. Mcgee, Ciara Walsh, Seamus Fanning, T. Sweeney, J. Blanco, M. Karczmarczyk, B. Earley, N. Leonard, J.J. Sheridan
Detection Of Numerous Verotoxigenic E. Coli Serotypes, With Multiple Antibiotic Resistance From Cattle Faeces And Soil, L. Scott, P. Mcgee, Ciara Walsh, Seamus Fanning, T. Sweeney, J. Blanco, M. Karczmarczyk, B. Earley, N. Leonard, J.J. Sheridan
Articles
Verotoxigenic E. coli (VTEC) belong to a diverse range of serotypes. Serotypes O157 and O26 are predominately identified in VTEC-associated disease in Europe, however due to difficulty in detection little is known about the epidemiology of non-O157 serotypes. This study reports the identification of 7 VTEC serotypes from cattle faeces and soil. Cattle faeces samples (n = 128) were taken from animals in 6 different farms, with soil samples (n = 20) obtained from 1 farm. After sample incubation in modified tryptone soy broth (mTSB) supplemented with streptomycin sulphate samples were plated onto sorbitol MacConkey (SMAC) also supplemented …
Adenovirus E4orf4 Induces Hpv-16 Late L1 Mrna Production, Monica Somberg, Margaret Rush, Joanna Fay, Fergus Ryan, Helen Lambkin, Göran Akusjärvi, Stefan Schwartz
Adenovirus E4orf4 Induces Hpv-16 Late L1 Mrna Production, Monica Somberg, Margaret Rush, Joanna Fay, Fergus Ryan, Helen Lambkin, Göran Akusjärvi, Stefan Schwartz
Articles
The adenovirus E4orf4 protein regulates the switch from early to late gene expression during the adenoviral replication cycle. Here we report that overexpression of adenovirus E4orf4 induces human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) late gene expression from subgenomic expression plasmids. E4orf4 specifically overcomes the negative effects of two splicing silencers at the two late HPV-16 splice sites SD3632 and SA5639. This results in the production of HPV-16 spliced L1 mRNAs. We show that the interaction of E4orf4 with protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is necessary for induction of HPV-16 late gene expression. Also an E4orf4 mutant that fails to bind the cellular …
Influence Of Magnesium Nitrate On The Corrosion Performance Of Sol-Gel Coated Aa2024-T3 Aluminium Alloy, Rajath Varma, Brendan Duffy, John Cassidy
Influence Of Magnesium Nitrate On The Corrosion Performance Of Sol-Gel Coated Aa2024-T3 Aluminium Alloy, Rajath Varma, Brendan Duffy, John Cassidy
Articles
Traditional anti-corrosion technology has relied heavily on using reducible metal species, predominantly hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)), for protecting reactive metal alloys such as aluminium which is extensively used in the aerospace sector. However, the impending changes in the use of Cr(VI) in Europe and the United States have forced aerospace manufacturers to examine alternative materials for protecting aluminium. One of the most promising alternatives being investigated are organosilane based sol-gels containing anticorrosion additives. In this work the anti-corrosion properties of magnesium (II) nitrate (Mg(NO3)2) as a inhibitor was investigated at different concentrations (0.1% - 1.0 wt %) in a methyltriethoxysilane (MTEOS) …
Silver Doped Perfluoropolyether-Urethane Coatings: Antibacterial Activity And Surface Analysis, Niall Stobie, Brendan Duffy, Steven Hinder, Patrick Mchale, Declan Mccormack
Silver Doped Perfluoropolyether-Urethane Coatings: Antibacterial Activity And Surface Analysis, Niall Stobie, Brendan Duffy, Steven Hinder, Patrick Mchale, Declan Mccormack
Articles
The colonisation of clinical and industrial surfaces with pathogenic microorganisms has prompted increased research into the development of effective antibacterial and antifouling coatings. There is evidence that implanted biomedical surfaces coated with metallic silver can be inactivated by hysiological fluids, thus reducing the bioactivity of the coating. In this work, we report the biofilm inhibition of Staphylococcus epidermidis using a roomtemperatureprocessedsilver dopedperfluoropolyether-urethane coating. The release of silver ions from these fluoropolymers over a six-day period inhibited bacterial encrustation – as observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis indicated differences in carbon, fluorine and sodium surface composition …
Gender Differences In Children’S Internet Use:Key Findings From Europe, Helen Mcquillan, Brian O'Neill
Gender Differences In Children’S Internet Use:Key Findings From Europe, Helen Mcquillan, Brian O'Neill
Articles
This paper analyses comparative empirical data from across Europe on gender differences in children’s internet use, and through a new interpretive framework on young people’s experiences, seeks to add new findings to this growing international knowledge base. Linking feminist theory on gender and technology with theories of youth gender identity construction, four key areas are investigated. Firstly, the impact of increased internet access and use in schools and in homes on gender equality is examined. Secondly, youth communication and content creation practices are investigated to explore whether the internet is facilitating flexibility in gender identity and the transcendence of traditional …
Nama Versus Nationalization – How To Deal With The Banks’ Toxic Loans?, Thomas Power
Nama Versus Nationalization – How To Deal With The Banks’ Toxic Loans?, Thomas Power
Articles
Banks are indispensible to the efficient functioning of the economy. Right now they are unable to carry out their normal functions (e.g. providing lines of credit to individuals and business) because they are underfunded. They are rationing credit because they do not have enough funds. The funds they need to lend to borrowers come from deposits, equity and bonds. During the ‘boom period’ banks did not have enough funds from deposits and had to rely on the inter-bank market to borrow the funds they needed in order to lend. According to the Central Bank ‘net foreign liabilities’ of commercial banks …
Developing Entrepreneurship Programmes For Female Members Of The Irish Traveller Community, Thomas Cooney
Developing Entrepreneurship Programmes For Female Members Of The Irish Traveller Community, Thomas Cooney
Articles
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the distinctive challenges faced by female travellers (Roma, Sinti and Gypsy) in starting their own business. Design/methodology/approach – The paper details a pilot “start your own business” programme that was delivered in Ireland to 12 women from the traveller community. Findings – Four distinct categories of entrepreneurship barriers faced by female travellers were recognised: self-esteem, traveller identity, welfare trap and family responsibilities. Research limitations/implications – The findings are based on just one programme and so no general conclusions can be drawn. Practical implications – The paper identifies the successes and …
Focusing On Process And History: Path Dependence, Paul Donnelly
Focusing On Process And History: Path Dependence, Paul Donnelly
Articles
In recognition of the calls for more processual and historically informed organizational theorizing, this chapter considers the notion of path dependency, an approach which holds that a historical path of choices has the character of a branching process with a self-reinforcing dynamic such that preceding steps in a particular direction induce further movement in the same direction, thereby making the possibility of switching to some other previously credible alternative more difficult. Path dependence seeks to assess how process, sequence and temporality can be best incorporated into explanation, the focus of the researcher being on particular outcomes, temporal sequencing and the …
A Precautionary Tale: Separating The Infant From The Fetus, Lawrence Torcello
A Precautionary Tale: Separating The Infant From The Fetus, Lawrence Torcello
Articles
This article confronts growing conservative opposition to abortion based on the slippery slope claim that abortion is morally equivalent to infanticide. By examining the relationship between moral skepticism and precautionary ethics the article promotes completely the permissive position on abortion from conception to birth while consistently rejecting the possibility that such a position entails permissive implications for infanticide. The article introduces and traces the implicit relationship between moral skepticism, the precautionary principle and political liberalism.
Detection Of Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome Mec Associated Dna Segments In Multiresistant Mssa And Identification Of Staphylococcus Epidermidis Ccrab4, Celine Herra, Anna Shore, Brian O’Connell,, Angela Rossney,, Derek Sullivan, Hilary Humphreys, David Coleman
Detection Of Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome Mec Associated Dna Segments In Multiresistant Mssa And Identification Of Staphylococcus Epidermidis Ccrab4, Celine Herra, Anna Shore, Brian O’Connell,, Angela Rossney,, Derek Sullivan, Hilary Humphreys, David Coleman
Articles
Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) can arise from methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) following partial or complete excision of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This study investigated whether multiresistant MSSA isolates from Irish hospitals, where MRSA has been endemic for decades, harbor SCCmec DNA. Twenty-five multiresistant MSSA isolates recovered between 2002 and 2006 were tested for SCCmec DNA by PCR and were genotyped by multilocus sequence typing and spa typing. All isolates lacked mecA. Three isolates (12%) harbored SCCmec DNA; two of these (genotype ST8 t190) harbored a 26-kb SCCmec IID (II.3.1.2) remnant that lacked part of mecI and all of mecR1, …
The Politics Of Economic Performance, And The Trade Union Movement, 1970-1982, John Hogan, Gary Murphy
The Politics Of Economic Performance, And The Trade Union Movement, 1970-1982, John Hogan, Gary Murphy
Articles
Here we argue that the relationship between the main Irish political parties and the trade unions, in the 1970s, was largely based upon political imperatives, with an economic subtext. The absence of strong ideological difference between the two largest Irish political parties meant they were willing to deal with the trade union moment in a somewhat similar fashion. At the start of the 1970s, the Fianna Fail government prodded the ICTU into a “voluntary” national wage agreement. This agreement was regarded as a means of stabilising the economy, attracting foreign investment, and improving Fianna Fail’s image with the electorate. While …
Guidance Booklet On Safe Handling Of Nanoparticles, Declan Mccormack, Norbert Malanowski, Paul Sermon, Juergen Hoeck
Guidance Booklet On Safe Handling Of Nanoparticles, Declan Mccormack, Norbert Malanowski, Paul Sermon, Juergen Hoeck
Articles
Nanotechnologies are a fast evolving scientific and technological field with a high potential impact on science, economy and society. Like with all new and quickly developing technologies it is important to weigh benefits versus risks at the earliest possible convenience. Building on the results of the ImPart project, this booklet is intended to give a review of the actual knowledge in the field of nanospecific risks, deriving recommendations for the safe handling of nanoparticles for executives in industry, public organizations and NGOs. This booklet is also intended to give an outlook on possible developments in the near future and "life …
The Professional Ethics Of Billing And Collections, Mark A. Hall, Carl E. Schneider
The Professional Ethics Of Billing And Collections, Mark A. Hall, Carl E. Schneider
Articles
Medicine is a Profession on which physicians rely for their livelihood and patients for their lives. If physicians do not charge for services, they cannot survive. If patients cannot afford those services, they cannot survive. No wonder many physicians have long agreed that fees are “one of the most difficult problems . . . between patient and physician.” For years comprehensive insurance subdued this problem, but currently widespread underinsurance and consumer-directed health care are reviving it. Even as the ranks of the uninsured continue to increase,the latest hope for controlling medical costs requires insured patients to pay for much more …
Missed Opportunities For Children?:An Exploration Of The Impact Of New Funding Mechanisms For Early Childhood Education And Care (Ecec) In Ireland, Bernie O'Donoghue Hynes, Noirin Hayes, Siobhan Bradley
Missed Opportunities For Children?:An Exploration Of The Impact Of New Funding Mechanisms For Early Childhood Education And Care (Ecec) In Ireland, Bernie O'Donoghue Hynes, Noirin Hayes, Siobhan Bradley
Articles
This presentation begins with a review of the overall funding structure for early childhood education and care in Ireland. It moves on to look in detail at the impact of the changes to the social inclusion funding measures. It concludes with a review of the reaction of various Irish stakeholders to these changes that have resulted in a 'missed opportunities for children'.
Helicobacter Pylori-Induced Inhibition Of Vascular Endothelial Cell Functions: A Role For Vaca-Dependent Nitric Oxide Reduction, Nicholas P. Toblin, Gary Henehan, Ronan P. Murphy, John P. Atherton, Anthony F. Guinan, Steven W. Kerrigan, Dermot Cox, Paul A. Cahill, Philip M. Cummins
Helicobacter Pylori-Induced Inhibition Of Vascular Endothelial Cell Functions: A Role For Vaca-Dependent Nitric Oxide Reduction, Nicholas P. Toblin, Gary Henehan, Ronan P. Murphy, John P. Atherton, Anthony F. Guinan, Steven W. Kerrigan, Dermot Cox, Paul A. Cahill, Philip M. Cummins
Articles
Epidemiological and clinical studies provide compelling support for a causal relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and endothelial dysfunction, leading to vascular diseases. However, clear biochemical evidence for this association is limited. In the present study, we have conducted a comprehensive investigation of endothelial injury in bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) induced by H. pylori-conditioned medium (HPCM) prepared from H. pylori 60190 [vacuolating cytotoxin A (Vac(+))]. BAECs were treated with either unconditioned media, HPCM (0-25% vol/vol), or Escherichia coli-conditioned media for 24 h, and cell functions were monitored. Vac(+) HPCM significantly decreased BAEC proliferation, tube formation, and migration (by up to …
Supporting Children's Participation In Second Language Stories In An Irish Language Preschool, Maire Mhic Mhathuna
Supporting Children's Participation In Second Language Stories In An Irish Language Preschool, Maire Mhic Mhathuna
Articles
This paper considers how children learning a second language were supported as active participants during storytelling sessions in an Irish-language immersion preschool in Dublin. Audio-recordings and observations were made of the story sessions once a fortnight over a period of six months. The resulting transcripts were analysed from an interactionist perspective, recognising both the cognitive and social aspects of the process. The staff were also interviewed and a questionnaire was completed by the parents. The analysis showed that the practitioners provided support for the children through dynamic repeated readings of target books, scaffolded interactions, sufficient experience of storybook reading and …
Hedonic Adaptation And The Settlement Of Civil Lawsuits, Jonathan Masur, John Bronsteen, Christopher Buccafusco
Hedonic Adaptation And The Settlement Of Civil Lawsuits, Jonathan Masur, John Bronsteen, Christopher Buccafusco
Articles
This Essay examines the burgeoning psychological literature on happiness and hedonic adaptation (a person's capacity to preserve or recapture her level of happiness by adjusting to changed circumstances), bringing this literature to bear on the probability of pretrial settlement in civil litigation. The existing economic and behavioral models of settlement are incomplete because they do not incorporate the effect of adaptation on the sum for which a plaintiff is willing to accept an offer. When an individual first suffers a serious injury, she will likely predict that the injury will greatly diminish her future happiness. However, during the time that …
Synthesis And Antimicrobial Evaluation Of Carbohydrate And Polyhydroxylated Non-Carbohydrate Fatty Acid Ester And Ether Derivatives, Aoife Smith, Patricia Nobmann, Gary Henehan, Paula Bourke, Julie Dunne
Synthesis And Antimicrobial Evaluation Of Carbohydrate And Polyhydroxylated Non-Carbohydrate Fatty Acid Ester And Ether Derivatives, Aoife Smith, Patricia Nobmann, Gary Henehan, Paula Bourke, Julie Dunne
Articles
A series of fatty acid ester and ether derivatives have been chemically synthesised based on carbohydrate and non-carbohydrate polyhydroxylated scaffolds. The synthesised compounds, along with their corresponding fatty acid monoglyceride antimicrobials, were evaluated for antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Of the derivatives synthesised several of the carbohydrate based compounds have antimicrobial efficacy comparable with commercially available antimicrobials. The results suggest that the nature of the carbohydrate core plays a role in the efficacy of carbohydrate fatty acid derivatives as antimicrobials.
The Use Of Litigation Screenings In Mass Torts: A Formula For Fraud?, Lester Brickman
The Use Of Litigation Screenings In Mass Torts: A Formula For Fraud?, Lester Brickman
Articles
The article critically examines the pervasive abuse of litigation screenings in mass tort cases, revealing a system driven by financial exploitation where medical evaluations are manipulated to generate lawsuits. These screenings, often designed to produce false positives, undermine the integrity of the legal system by creating a flood of specious claims. The analysis highlights how lawyers, doctors, and screening companies exploit legal loopholes and financial incentives, leading to billions of dollars in settlements and eroding public trust in the civil justice system.
From The Chair, Lela P. Love
Reducing Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide: Oceans Provide A Huge Opportunity For Sequestration, Jules Chiavaroli
Reducing Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide: Oceans Provide A Huge Opportunity For Sequestration, Jules Chiavaroli
Articles
The scientific community is fairly unified in their assessment of climatological change. It is happening primarily as the result of excess carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere produced by unrelenting world industrialization. If it continues unabated it will cause major physical changes to the earth that will dramatically alter how mankind lives. And, the world has until the middle of this century to cap CO2 levels short of where they will cause this irreversible change. For many experts involved in this issue, actively reducing existing CO2 levels is a necessary component for a total solution to the problem. This paper …
Hand-Held Flyback Driven Coaxial Dielectric Barrier Discharge: Development And Characterization, Victor J. Law, Vladimir Milosavljevic, Neil O’Connor, James F. Lalor, Steven Daniels
Hand-Held Flyback Driven Coaxial Dielectric Barrier Discharge: Development And Characterization, Victor J. Law, Vladimir Milosavljevic, Neil O’Connor, James F. Lalor, Steven Daniels
Articles
The development of a handheld single and triple chamber atmospheric pressure coaxial dielectric barrier discharge driven by Flyback circuitry for helium and argon discharges is described. The Flyback uses external metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor power switching technology and the transformer operates in the continuous current mode to convert a continuous dc power of 10–33 W to generate a 1.2–1.6 kV 3.5 μs pulse. An argon discharge breakdown voltage of ∼768 V is measured. With a 50 kHz, pulse repetition rate and an argon flow rate of 0.5–10 argon slm (slm denotes standard liters per minute), the electrical power density deposited in …
Alaska Resources Library And Information Services: Pioneering Partnerships On The Last Frontier, Daria O. Carle, Juli Braund-Allen
Alaska Resources Library And Information Services: Pioneering Partnerships On The Last Frontier, Daria O. Carle, Juli Braund-Allen
Articles
Five federal agencies, one state agency, one state-federal entity, and one university combined their library resources to create the Alaska Resources Library and Information Services (ARLIS), which opened in Anchorage in 1997. This new library focuses on Alaska’s natural and cultural resources, and serves agency personnel, university faculty and students, and local and international researchers from the public and private sectors. Funded by its parent agencies and collectively directed by a team of six librarians, ARLIS is recognized for its unique and innovative structure, one-of-a-kind collections, and quality in-depth service.
A Web-Based And Mobile Environmental Management System, James Carswell, Keith Gardiner, Michela Bertolotto, Andrea Rizzini, A Mandrak
A Web-Based And Mobile Environmental Management System, James Carswell, Keith Gardiner, Michela Bertolotto, Andrea Rizzini, A Mandrak
Articles
This paper describes a Web-based and mobile system specifically developed to monitor fish species at risk. Such a system integrates spatial functionality to allow users not only to visualise maps and metadata of the area of concern but also to perform context-aware queries and updating of spatial datasets. The spatial datasets are provided by the Canadian Department of Fisheries and Oceans (DFO) and the prototype is customised to the specific needs of the Great Lakes Laboratory for Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (GLLFAS) Fish Habitat Section requirements for fish species at risk assessment. Currently, researchers, habitat biologists and enforcement officers have …
Demographics, Trends, And A Call To Action, Toby Golick
Demographics, Trends, And A Call To Action, Toby Golick
Articles
Every discussion of aging in America seems to begin with demographic statistics showing that our population is increasingly old and getting older. But the figures are truly stunning: In 2006 (the latest year for which data are available), 37.3 million persons were 65 years old or older in America; this represents 12.6 percent of the U.S. population-more than one in every eight Americans. By 2030 the number of older people is expected to increase to 71.5 million older persons, over 20 percent of the total population.
Structures And Practices Enabling Staff Nurses To Control Their Practice, Marlene Kramer, Claudia Schmalenberg, Patricia Maguire, Linda Chmielewski
Structures And Practices Enabling Staff Nurses To Control Their Practice, Marlene Kramer, Claudia Schmalenberg, Patricia Maguire, Linda Chmielewski
Articles
This mixed-methods study uses interviews, participant observations, and the CWEQII empowerment tool to identify structures and attributes of structures that promote control over nursing practice (CNP). Nearly 3,000 staff nurses completed the Essentials of Magnetism (EOM), an instrument that measures CNP, one of the eight staff nurse-identified essential attributes of a productive work environment. Strategic sampling is used to identify 101 high CNP-scoring clinical units in 8 high-EOM scoring magnet hospitals. In addition to 446 staff nurses, managers, and physicians on these high-scoring units, chief nursing officers, chief operating officers, and representatives from other professional departments are interviewed; participant observations …
Evaluation Of The Xpert Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (Mrsa) Assay Using The Genexpert Real-Time Pcr Platform For Rapid Detection Of Mrsa From Screening Specimens., Celine M. Herra
Articles
The need for rapid methods to accurately detect methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is widely acknowledged, and a number of molecular assays are commercially available. This study evaluated the Xpert MRSA assay, which is run on the GeneXpert real-time PCR platform (Cepheid) for use in a clinical laboratory. The following parameters were investigated: (i) the limits of detection (LoDs) for four MRSA strains; (ii) the ability to detect isolates of MRSA from a collection representative of MRSA in Ireland since 1974 (n 114) and the ability to detect control strains with staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec types IVa (IV.1.1.1), IVb (IV.2.1.1), IVc …
Children's Perspectives On Coping And Support Following Parental Separation, Ann Marie Halpenny, Sheila Greene, Diane Hogan
Children's Perspectives On Coping And Support Following Parental Separation, Ann Marie Halpenny, Sheila Greene, Diane Hogan
Articles
Increasingly, children experience ongoing change in family formation and structure and such fluctuation may threaten or diminish children’s feelings of security with regard to established family roles, relationships and routines. A number of studies have explored available support for children in the context of family transition, focusing in particular upon those organisations providing services to children and families. However, in order to gain more precise insight into the mechanisms through which children can best be supported, it is necessary to consult children themselves and to elicit their perspectives and responses to the changes in their family contexts. A primary aim …