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Thoughts On The Future Of Higher Education In The Uk: A Personal View With A Historical Context, Jonathan Blackledge Jan 2021

Thoughts On The Future Of Higher Education In The Uk: A Personal View With A Historical Context, Jonathan Blackledge

Articles

Before the effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic, there had been continued debate about the future of Higher Education (HE) in the UK. It is now accepted that the effect of the pandemic will have a long-lasting effect on HE in the UK and elsewhere. This paper addresses the changes that are currently taking place, based on a strategy that aims to develop a future knowledge-based economy, following the UK governments 2019 landmark review of HE. It explores the underlying parallels between the current situation and certain historical events that catalysed the development of a new approach to HE in the …


Super Twisting Sliding-Mode Control Of Dvr With Frequency-Adaptive Brockett Oscillator, Samet Biricik, Hasan Komurcugil, Hafiz Ahmed, Ebrahim Babaei Jan 2021

Super Twisting Sliding-Mode Control Of Dvr With Frequency-Adaptive Brockett Oscillator, Samet Biricik, Hasan Komurcugil, Hafiz Ahmed, Ebrahim Babaei

Articles

This paper presents a super twisting sliding mode control (ST-SMC) for single-phase dynamic voltage restorers (DVRs). Unlike the conventional first-order sliding mode controller, the proposed ST-SMC technique eliminates the need for differentiating the compensation voltage in the sliding surface function while keeping the merits of first-order SMC. As a consequence of employing ST-SMC, a continuous control signal is achieved from which the pulse width modulation (PWM) signals can be generated. In this case, the inverter operates at constant switching frequency. The stability analysis of ST-SMC is also presented. The reference compensation voltage needed in ST-SMC is estimated by using Brockett …


Associations Between Home Environment, Children’S And Parents’ Characteristics And Children’S Tv Screen Time Behavior, Carolina Bassu, Clare Corish, John Kearney Jan 2021

Associations Between Home Environment, Children’S And Parents’ Characteristics And Children’S Tv Screen Time Behavior, Carolina Bassu, Clare Corish, John Kearney

Articles

In Ireland, television (TV) screen time is a highly prevalent sedentary behavior among children aged less than five years. Little is known about the influence of parental rules and policies or screen time availability and accessibility within the home on children's TV screen time behaviors. This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the extent to which parents' sociodemographic and sedentary behaviors are associated with children's TV screen time; and to determine the associations between parents' rules and practices, home physical environment and children's daily TV viewing. Three hundred and thirty-two children aged 3-5 years and their parents participated in the study. …


Research On Medical Question Answering System Based On Knowledge Graph, Zhixue Jiang, Chengying Chi, Yun Yun Zhan Jan 2021

Research On Medical Question Answering System Based On Knowledge Graph, Zhixue Jiang, Chengying Chi, Yun Yun Zhan

Articles

To meet the high-efficiency question answering needs of existing patients and doctors, this system integrates medical professional knowledge, knowledge graphs, and question answering systems that conduct man-machine dialogue through natural language. This system locates the medical field, uses crawler technology to use vertical medical websites as data sources, and uses diseases as the core entity to construct a knowledge graph containing 44,000 knowledge entities of 7 types and 300,000 entities of 11 kinds. It is stored in the Neo4j graph database, using rule-based matching methods and string-matching algorithms to construct a domain lexicon to classify and query questions. This system …


Raman Spectroscopy Of Liquid-Based Cervical Smear Samples As A Triage To Stratify Women Who Are Hpv-Positive On Screening, Damian Gordon, Cara Martin, Christine White, Stephen Reynolds, Tom D’Arcy, John J. O’Leary, Fiona Lyng Jan 2021

Raman Spectroscopy Of Liquid-Based Cervical Smear Samples As A Triage To Stratify Women Who Are Hpv-Positive On Screening, Damian Gordon, Cara Martin, Christine White, Stephen Reynolds, Tom D’Arcy, John J. O’Leary, Fiona Lyng

Articles

Persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection can lead to cervical precancer and cancer. Recently, HPV testing has been introduced for primary cervical screening, but the HPV DNA test cannot distinguish between transient and persistent HPV infection. Thus, there is an unmet clinical need to develop a new test to identify women with a high-risk persistent HPV infection. Raman spectra were recorded from cervical smear samples (n = 60) and, on the basis of HPV DNA and HPV mRNA test results, a classifier was developed to identify persistent HPV infection. A further blinded independent test set (n = 14) was used …


Incoherent Radar Imaging For Breast Cancer Detection And Experimental Validation Against 3d Multimodal Breast Phantoms, Antonio Cuccaro, Angela Dell'aversano, Giuseppe Ruvio, Jacinta Browne, Raffaele Solimene Jan 2021

Incoherent Radar Imaging For Breast Cancer Detection And Experimental Validation Against 3d Multimodal Breast Phantoms, Antonio Cuccaro, Angela Dell'aversano, Giuseppe Ruvio, Jacinta Browne, Raffaele Solimene

Articles

: In this paper we consider radar approaches for breast cancer detection. The aim is to give a brief review of the main features of incoherent methods, based on beam-forming and Multiple SIgnal Classification (MUSIC) algorithms, that we have recently developed, and to compare them with classical coherent beam-forming. Those methods have the remarkable advantage of not requiring antenna characterization/compensation, which can be problematic in view of the close (to the breast) proximity set-up usually employed in breast imaging. Moreover, we proceed to an experimental validation of one of the incoherent methods, i.e., the I-MUSIC, using the multimodal breast phantom …


Development And Testing Of A Dual‐Wavelength Sensitive Photopolymer Layer For Applications In Stacking Of Hoe Lense, Sanjay Keshri, Brian Rogers, Kevin Murphy, Kevin Reynolds, Izabela Naydenova, Suzanne Martin Jan 2021

Development And Testing Of A Dual‐Wavelength Sensitive Photopolymer Layer For Applications In Stacking Of Hoe Lense, Sanjay Keshri, Brian Rogers, Kevin Murphy, Kevin Reynolds, Izabela Naydenova, Suzanne Martin

Articles

Diffractive optical elements (DOEs) have been in development for many years and are an exciting technology with the capability to re‐direct light, using diffraction rather than refraction. Holographic Optical Elements (HOEs) are a subset of diffractive optical elements for which the pho‐ tonic structure is created holographically, i.e., by recording a specific interference pattern in a suit‐ able, photosensitive optical material. Volume HOEs are of particular interest for some applications because of their very high diffraction efficiency and single diffracted order; however, high disper‐ sion and angular wavelength selectivity still present significant challenges. This paper explores a method for producing …


Optical Fibre Based Real-Time Measurements During An Ldr Prostate Brachytherapy Implant Simulation: Using A 3d Printed Anthropomorphic Phantom, P. Woulfe, Francis John Sullivan, L. Byrne, Andrea Jane Doyle, W. Kam, M. Martin, S. O'Keeffe Jan 2021

Optical Fibre Based Real-Time Measurements During An Ldr Prostate Brachytherapy Implant Simulation: Using A 3d Printed Anthropomorphic Phantom, P. Woulfe, Francis John Sullivan, L. Byrne, Andrea Jane Doyle, W. Kam, M. Martin, S. O'Keeffe

Articles

An optical fbre sensor based on radioluminescence, using the scintillation material terbium doped gadolinium oxysulphide (Gd2O2S:Tb) is evaluated, using a 3D printed anthropomorphic phantom for applications in low dose-rate (LDR) prostate brachytherapy. The scintillation material is embedded in a 700 µm diameter cavity within a 1 mm plastic optical fbre that is fxed within a brachytherapy needle. The high spatial resolution dosimeter is used to measure the dose contribution from Iodine-125 (I-125) seeds. Initially, the efects of sterilisation on the sensors (1) repeatability, (2) response as a function of angle, and (3) response as a function of distance, are evaluated …


Raman Spectral Cytopathology For Cancer Diagnostic Applications, Damien Traynor, Isha Behl, Declan O'Dea, Franck Bonnier, Siobhan Nicholson, Finbar O'Connell, Aoife Maguire, Stephen Flint, Sheila Galvin, Claire M. Healy, Cara M. Martin, John J. O'Leary, Alison Malkin, Hugh J. Byrne, Fiona M. Lyng Jan 2021

Raman Spectral Cytopathology For Cancer Diagnostic Applications, Damien Traynor, Isha Behl, Declan O'Dea, Franck Bonnier, Siobhan Nicholson, Finbar O'Connell, Aoife Maguire, Stephen Flint, Sheila Galvin, Claire M. Healy, Cara M. Martin, John J. O'Leary, Alison Malkin, Hugh J. Byrne, Fiona M. Lyng

Articles

Raman spectroscopy can provide a rapid, label-free, nondestructive measurement of the chemical fingerprint of a sample and has shown potential for cancer screening and diagnosis. Here we report a protocol for Raman microspectroscopic analysis of different exfoliative cytology samples (cervical, oral and lung), covering sample preparation, spectral acquisition, preprocessing and data analysis. The protocol takes 2 h 20 min for sample preparation, measurement and data preprocessing and up to 8 h for a complete analysis. A key feature of the protocol is that it uses the same sample preparation procedure as commonly used in diagnostic cytology laboratories (i.e., liquid-based cytology …


Using Case Studies In Engineering Ethics Education: The Case For Immersive Scenarios Through Stakeholder Engagement And Real Life Data, Diana Adela Martin, Eddie Conlon, Brian Bowe Jan 2021

Using Case Studies In Engineering Ethics Education: The Case For Immersive Scenarios Through Stakeholder Engagement And Real Life Data, Diana Adela Martin, Eddie Conlon, Brian Bowe

Articles

Our contribution is part of a broader study conducted in cooperation with the national accreditation body Engineers Ireland that examined the conceptualisation and education of ethics in engineering programmes in Ireland. The paper is a qualitative examination of the use of case studies in engineering ethics education and includes 23 engineering programmes from 6 higher education institutions in Ireland. The qualitative study aims to determine (RQ1) how cases are selected, (RQ2) the goals envisioned for engineering ethics case instruction, (RQ3) the characteristics of the scenarios employed and (RQ4) the preferred application by instructors. A first finding notes the diverse set …


Beyond Charge Transfer: The Impact Of Auger Recombination And Fret On Pl Quenching In An Rgo-Qds System, Anton Babaev, Anastasiia Sokolova, Kevin Berwick, Alexander Baranov, Anatoly Fedorov, Aleksandr P. Litvin Jan 2021

Beyond Charge Transfer: The Impact Of Auger Recombination And Fret On Pl Quenching In An Rgo-Qds System, Anton Babaev, Anastasiia Sokolova, Kevin Berwick, Alexander Baranov, Anatoly Fedorov, Aleksandr P. Litvin

Articles

PL intensity quenching and the PL lifetime reduction of fluorophores located close to gra‐ phene derivatives are generally explained by charge and energy transfer processes. Analyzing the PL from PbS QDs in rGO/QD systems, we observed a substantial reduction in average PL lifetimes with an increase in rGO content that cannot be interpreted solely by these two processes. To explain the PL lifetime dependence on the rGO/QD component ratio, we propose a model based on the Auger recombination of excitations involving excess holes left in the QDs after the charge transfer process. To validate the model, we conducted additional experiments …


Examination Of Driver Visual And Cognitive Responses To Billboard Elicited Passive Distraction Using Eye-Fixation Related Potential, Yongxiang Wang, William Clifford, Charles Markham, Catherine Deegan Jan 2021

Examination Of Driver Visual And Cognitive Responses To Billboard Elicited Passive Distraction Using Eye-Fixation Related Potential, Yongxiang Wang, William Clifford, Charles Markham, Catherine Deegan

Articles

Distractions external to a vehicle contribute to visual attention diversion that may cause traffic accidents. As a low-cost and efficient advertising solution, billboards are widely installed on side of the road, especially the motorway. However, the effect of billboards on driver distraction, eye gaze, and cognition has not been fully investigated. This study utilises a customised driving simulator and synchronised electroencephalography (EEG) and eye tracking system to investigate the cognitive processes relating to the processing of driver visual information. A distinction is made between eye gaze fixations relating to stimuli that assist driving and others that may be a source …


The Access-To-Care Epidemic, Benjamin Mcmichael Jan 2021

The Access-To-Care Epidemic, Benjamin Mcmichael

Articles

Among the many challenges it has created, the COVID19 pandemic has exacerbated the United States' access-to-care problem. While millions of individuals have confronted this problem for years in the context of chronic disease management, mental illness, and other diseases and injuries, many Americans are facing serious access-to-care issues for the first time during the pandemic. Recognizing the acuity of this problem, states adopted temporary policies to combat it. One of the most important policy solutions has been the relaxation of state scope-of-practice laws that inhibit the ability of many healthcare providers, such as nurse practitioners, to deliver healthcare. These temporary …


Application Of Big-Data For Epidemiological Studies Of Refractive Error, James Loughman Jan 2021

Application Of Big-Data For Epidemiological Studies Of Refractive Error, James Loughman

Articles

To examine whether data sourced from electronic medical records (EMR) and a large industrial spectacle lens manufacturing database can estimate refractive error distribution within large populations as an alternative to typical population surveys of refractive error.


Digital Health’S Impact On Integrated Care, Carer Empowerment And Patient-Centeredness For Persons Living With Dementia, Nicole Gross, Vivienne Byers, Susi Geiger Jan 2021

Digital Health’S Impact On Integrated Care, Carer Empowerment And Patient-Centeredness For Persons Living With Dementia, Nicole Gross, Vivienne Byers, Susi Geiger

Articles

E-health or digital health technologies endeavour to connect key stakeholders and thereby lay the foundation for better integrated as well as potentially more patient-centered care. However, despite the promise of empowerment, efficiency and value, digital health has yet to become part of the daily lives of the people who care for persons living with dementia


Drug Education Best Practice For Health, Community And Youth Workers: A Practical And Accessible Tool-Kit, Clay Darcy Jan 2021

Drug Education Best Practice For Health, Community And Youth Workers: A Practical And Accessible Tool-Kit, Clay Darcy

Articles

Objectives Drug education is delivered by a broad spectrum of multi-disciplinary practitioners within the fields of health promotion, drug prevention and treatment, social care, and community and youth work. However, drug education is often misunderstood or conflated with drug information and/or drug prevention. This ambiguity of understanding is problematic and, when coupled with drug education being delivered by practitioners who may not have formal training in drug education, can result in poor delivery, poor participant engagement and poor outcomes. This paper provides conceptual clarity for practitioners on drug education, differentiating it from other approaches to drug issues. Methods The paper …


Monitoring Stem Cell Differentiation Using Raman Microspectroscopy: Chondrogenic Differentiation, Towards Cartilage Formation, Francesca Ravera, Esen Efeoglu, Hugh Byrne Jan 2021

Monitoring Stem Cell Differentiation Using Raman Microspectroscopy: Chondrogenic Differentiation, Towards Cartilage Formation, Francesca Ravera, Esen Efeoglu, Hugh Byrne

Articles

Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) have the ability to differentiate into chondrocytes, the only cellular components of cartilage and are therefore ideal candidates for cartilage and tissue repair technologies. Chondrocytes are surrounded by cartilage-like extracellular matrix (ECM), a complex network rich in glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans, and collagen, which, together with a multitude of intracellular signalling molecules, trigger the chondrogenesis and allow the chondroprogenitor to acquire the spherical morphology of the chondrocytes. However, although the mechanisms of the differentiation of MSCs have been extensively explored, it has been difficult to provide a holistic picture of the process, in situ. Raman Micro Spectroscopy (RMS) …


Salmonella, Food Safety And Food Handling Practices, Olugbenga Ehuwa, Amit Jaiswal, Swarna Jaiswal Jan 2021

Salmonella, Food Safety And Food Handling Practices, Olugbenga Ehuwa, Amit Jaiswal, Swarna Jaiswal

Articles

: Salmonellosis is the second most reported gastrointestinal disorder in the EU resulting from the consumption of Salmonella-contaminated foods. Symptoms include gastroenteritis, abdominal cramps, bloody diarrhoea, fever, myalgia, headache, nausea and vomiting. In 2018, Salmonella accounted for more than half of the numbers of foodborne outbreak illnesses reported in the EU. Salmonella contamination is mostly associated with produce such as poultry, cattle and their feeds but other products such as dried foods, infant formula, fruit and vegetable products and pets have become important. Efforts aimed at controlling Salmonella are being made. For example, legislation and measures put in place reduced …


Plasma-Treated Water Affects Listeria Monocytogenes Vitality And Biofilm Structure, Oliver Handorf, Viktoria Isabella Pauker, Thomas Weihe, Uta Schnabel, Eric Freund, Sander Bekeschus, Katharina Riedel, Jörg Ehlbeck Jan 2021

Plasma-Treated Water Affects Listeria Monocytogenes Vitality And Biofilm Structure, Oliver Handorf, Viktoria Isabella Pauker, Thomas Weihe, Uta Schnabel, Eric Freund, Sander Bekeschus, Katharina Riedel, Jörg Ehlbeck

Articles

Plasma-generated compounds (PGCs) such as plasma-processed air (PPA) or plasma-treated water (PTW) offer an increasingly important alternative for the treatment of microorganisms in hard-to-reach areas found in several industrial applications including the food industry. To this end, we studied the antimicrobial capacity of plasma-treated water on the vitality and biolm formation of Listeria monocytogenes, a common food spoilage microorganism. Using a microwave plasma (MidiPLexc), 10 ml of deionized water was treated for 100 s, 300 s and 900 s (pretreatment time) and the bacterial biolm was subsequently exposed to the PTW for 1 min, 3 min and 5 min (posttreatment …


Doctors Can’T Be Doctors All Of The Time: A Qualitative Study Of How General Practitioners And Medical Students Negotiate Public-Professional And Private-Personal Realms Using Social Media, Megan Marshall, Vikram Niranjan, Eimear Spain, Joe Macdonagh, Jane O'Doherty, Raymond O'Connor, Andrew O'Regan Jan 2021

Doctors Can’T Be Doctors All Of The Time: A Qualitative Study Of How General Practitioners And Medical Students Negotiate Public-Professional And Private-Personal Realms Using Social Media, Megan Marshall, Vikram Niranjan, Eimear Spain, Joe Macdonagh, Jane O'Doherty, Raymond O'Connor, Andrew O'Regan

Articles

The objective of this study is to explore the experiences and perspectives of general practitioners’ and medical students’ use of, and behaviour on, social media and to understand how they negotiate threats to professional and personal life on social media.


Semiclassical Backreaction On Asymptotically Anti–De Sitter Black Holes, Peter Taylor, Cormac Breen Jan 2021

Semiclassical Backreaction On Asymptotically Anti–De Sitter Black Holes, Peter Taylor, Cormac Breen

Articles

We consider a quantum scalar field on the classical background of an asymptotically anti–de Sitter black hole and the backreaction the field’s stress-energy tensor induces on the black hole geometry. The backreaction is computed by solving the reduced-order semiclassical Einstein field equations sourced by simple analytical approximations for the renormalized expectation value of the scalar field stress-energy tensor. When the field is massless and conformally coupled, we adopt Page’s approximation to the renormalized stress-energy tensor, while for massive fields we adopt a modified version of the DeWitt-Schwinger approximation. The latter approximation must be modified so that it possesses the correct …


Experimental Analysis Of Fabricated Synthetic Midthoracic Paediatric Spine As Compared To The Porcine Spine Based On Range Of Motion (Rom), Nor Amalina Muhayudin, Khairul Salleh Basaruddin, Ruslizam Daud, Fiona Mcevoy Jan 2021

Experimental Analysis Of Fabricated Synthetic Midthoracic Paediatric Spine As Compared To The Porcine Spine Based On Range Of Motion (Rom), Nor Amalina Muhayudin, Khairul Salleh Basaruddin, Ruslizam Daud, Fiona Mcevoy

Articles

The present study is aimed at investigating the mechanical behaviour of fabricated synthetic midthoracic paediatric spine based on range of motion (ROM) as compared to porcine spine as the biological specimen. The main interest was to ensure that the fabricated synthetic model could mimic the biological specimen behaviour. The synthetic paediatric spine was designed as a 200% scaled-up model to fit into the Bionix Servohydraulic spine simulator. Biomechanical tests were conducted to measure the ROM and nonlinearity of sigmoidal curves at six degrees of freedom (DOF) with moments at ±4 Nm before the specimens failed. Results were compared with the …


A Tactical Periodisation Model For Gaelic Football, Shane Mangan, Kieran Collins, Con Burns, Cian O Neill Phd Jan 2021

A Tactical Periodisation Model For Gaelic Football, Shane Mangan, Kieran Collins, Con Burns, Cian O Neill Phd

Articles

Tactical Periodisation is a training methodology, originally developed for soccer, that focuses primarily on the systems of play that a team intends to use in competition. It has been popularised by successful European coaches and subsequently has been proposed as a model to follow for other sports such as rugby union and tennis in more recent times. Gaelic football is an amateur sport that has similarities to soccer and rugby union. To date no training periodisation model has been proposed for Gaelic football. The aim of this article was to present a Tactical Periodisation model for Gaelic football, taking the …


Financing Early Stage Cleantech Firms, Sean O'Reilly, Ciarán Mac An Bhaird, Damien Cassells Jan 2021

Financing Early Stage Cleantech Firms, Sean O'Reilly, Ciarán Mac An Bhaird, Damien Cassells

Articles

T HE report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [47] highlighted the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and strive for decarbonization in order to restrict global warming. The Paris Agreement, a legally binding international treaty on climate change, has a vision of accelerating technology development and transfer [92] in order to reduce harmful carbon emissions. The development of new and innovative disruptive technologies to ameliorate and reverse the harmful effects of carbon emissions is emphasized by governments and international agencies [6], [53], [59], [102]. Large incumbent firms are well resourced to conduct this research and development (R&D), although …


Fraudulent Transfer As A Tort, David G. Carlson Jan 2021

Fraudulent Transfer As A Tort, David G. Carlson

Articles

Fraudulent transfer law has historically been an in rem right of a creditor to property fraudulently received by a third party. In a minority of states, courts have treated fraudulent transfers as creating an in personam liability of the transferring debtor, the recipient, and any other third party who "conspired" with the transferor to achieve the transfer. This Article examines the wisdom of this modern trend and finds it wanting. The United States Supreme Court in 1861 was correct: fraudulent transfers are not wrongs. They merely create in rem rights.


If Only I Had Known: The Challenges Of Representation, Jenny E. Carroll Jan 2021

If Only I Had Known: The Challenges Of Representation, Jenny E. Carroll

Articles

No abstract provided.


Covid-19 Relief And The Ordinary Inmate Symposium, Jenny E. Carroll Jan 2021

Covid-19 Relief And The Ordinary Inmate Symposium, Jenny E. Carroll

Articles

No abstract provided.


(Im)Mutable Race?, Deepa Das Acevedo Jan 2021

(Im)Mutable Race?, Deepa Das Acevedo

Articles

No abstract provided.


The Least Of These: The Case For Nationwide Injunctions In Immigration Cases As A Critical Democratic Institution, Allen Slater, Richard Delgado Jan 2021

The Least Of These: The Case For Nationwide Injunctions In Immigration Cases As A Critical Democratic Institution, Allen Slater, Richard Delgado

Articles

No abstract provided.


Sweet Old-Fashioned Notions Symposium On Legal Anthropology, Deepa Das Acevedo Jan 2021

Sweet Old-Fashioned Notions Symposium On Legal Anthropology, Deepa Das Acevedo

Articles

No abstract provided.