Digital Commons Network^™

Trademarks And Censorship In The Time Of Covid-19, Xuan-Thao Nguyen

Articles

During the devastating year of 2020, China quickly conquered the novel coronavirus and roared back economically while the United States faced staggering deaths and economic losses. But underneath the divergent experience of the two countries is an untold story of trademark and censorship in the time of COVID-19. This Article observes that while the United States Supreme Court has lifted the ban on trademark registrations for unconstitutional viewpoint discrimination, opening the door for offensive COVID-19 trademark applications, China has transformed trademark law into the law for censorship as Chinese authorities press forward to achieve twin victories over the coronavirus and …

Woke Capital Revisited, Jennifer S. Fan

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Inclusive corporate leadership is now at the forefront of discussions related to corporate governance. Two corporate theories help to explain the rise in prominence of diversity, equity, and inclusion (“DEI”) efforts in corporate leadership. First, an expanded definition of corporate purpose which elevated the idea of the importance of stakeholders, contributed to the momentum from business and legal quarters for broader corporate inclusion. Second, the increasing publicness of corporations—the social expectation of how large, typically public corporations should act given their position of power—also led to corporations becoming more active in the DEI space. It is against this backdrop that …

Manufacturing Innovation, Xuan-Thao Nguyen

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Using intellectual property assets as the proxy for innovation measures, this paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the legal and policy strategies that form the foundation for China's new role as the global manufacturer of innovation. Manufacturing innovation is evident through China's multi-prong approach regarding intellectual property production and maximization. Significantly, among many other policies that target innovation, China encourages the production of innovation by accepting patents and trademarks as collateral assets for financing. Entrepreneurs can quickly obtain loans against their portfolios of patents and trademarks. China also requires enterprises seeking to undergo an initial public offering (IPO) on the …

A Next-Generation Framework: Using Critical Legal Research Pedagogy To Prepare Law Students For The Nextgen Bar Exam, Laura Wilcoxon

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Ready or not, the bar is being raised. The next entering class of law students could sit for the NextGen Bar Examination in 2026. For the first time, recent law school graduates will be asked to demonstrate their proficiency in legal research to become licensed to practice law.

Law librarians can begin to prepare students endeavoring to pass the NextGen bar—and to achieve ultimate success as lawyers well-equipped at legal research—by incorporating critical legal research and critical legal information literacy pedagogy into legal research instruction. The phrase critical legal research was first coined in 2015, and it describes the application …

Inclusion4eu: Co-Designing A Framework For Inclusive Software Design And Development, Dympna O'Sullivan, Emma Murphy, Andrea Curley, John Gilligan, Damian Gordon, Anna Becevel, Svetland Hensman, Mariana Rocha, Claudia Fernandez, Michael Collins, J. Paul Gibson, Gordana Dodig-Crnkovic, Gearoid Kearney, Sarah Boland

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Digital technology is now pervasive, however, not all groups have uniformly benefitted from technological changes and some groups have been left behind or digitally excluded. Comprehensive data from the 2017 Current Population Survey shows that older people and persons with disabilities still lag behind in computer and internet access. Furthermore unique ethical, privacy and safety implications exist for the use of technology for older persons and people with disabilities and careful reflection is required to incorporate these aspects, which are not always part of a traditional software lifecycle. In this paper we present the Inclusion4EU project that aims to co-design …

Survey Of Routing Techniques-Based Optimization Of Energy Consumption In Sd-Dcn, Mohammed Nsaif, Gergely Kovásznai, Ali Malik, Ruairí De Fréin

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The increasing power consumption of Data Center Networks (DCN) is becoming a major concern for network operators. The object of this paper is to provide a survey of state-of-the-art methods for reducing energy consumption via (1) enhanced scheduling and (2) enhanced aggregation of traffic flows using Software-Defined Networks (SDN), focusing on the advantages and disadvantages of these approaches. We tackle a gap in the literature for a review of SDN-based energy saving techniques and discuss the limitations of multi-controller solutions in terms of constraints on their performance. The main finding of this survey paper is that the two classes of …

Consolidating Port Decarbonisation Implementation : Concept, Pathways, Barriers, Solutions, And Opportunities, A.S. Alamoush, D. Dalaklis, F. Ballini, A.I. Ölcer

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No abstract provided.

Taxes, Administrative Law, And Agency Expertise: Questioning The Orthodoxy, Scott Schumacher

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One of the foundations of administrative law is that federal agencies and their employees are experts in their respective fields. In addition, the many judgments and decisions made by these experts are based on a thorough record after extensive factfinding. As a result, so the theory goes, courts, particularly courts of general jurisdiction like the United States District Courts, should give deference to the determinations made by these experts. But what if the facts underpinning this foundation are not true in all cases? Should courts nevertheless provide deference to decisions by agencies when it is evident that an agency's determinations …

Persuasive Communication Systems: A Machine Learning Approach To Predict The Effect Of Linguistic Styles And Persuasion Techniques, Annye Braca, Pierpaolo Dondio

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Prediction is a critical task in targeted online advertising, where predictions better than random guessing can translate to real economic return. This study aims to use machine learning (ML) methods to identify individuals who respond well to certain linguistic styles/persuasion techniques based on Aristotle’s means of persuasion, rhetorical devices, cognitive theories and Cialdini’s principles, given their psychometric profile.

The Role Of Teacher Agency In Using Gis To Teach Sustainability: An Evaluation Of A Lower Secondary School Story Mapping Gis Initiative In Ireland, Sasha Brown, Zerrin Doganca Kucuk, Angela Rickard, James Lonergan, Rachel Abernethy, Lorraine Mcnerney, Ronan Foley, Avril Behan, Aengus Byrne, Bernard Essel, Jack Ffrench, Jonathan Faull, Conor Cahalane

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This paper investigates the role of teacher agency for those who were trained in using an innovative Geographic Information Systems (GIS) approach and incorporated GIS into their teaching. While national curricula increasingly emphasise STEM and sustainability approaches, there has been limited analysis of how teachers can bring new software, including GIS, and new approaches into the classroom. Through an evaluation of a teaching initiative “5*S: Space, Surveyors and Students – STEM and the Sustainable Development Goals” designed to bring GIS technology, satellite data, and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) into classrooms as activities and resources for teachers and students in …

Switch-On Luminescent Sensing Of Unlabelled Bacterial Lectin By Terbium(Iii) Glycoconjugate Systems, Karolina Wojtczak, Eva Zahorska, Ian J. Murphy, Finnja Koppel, Gordon Cooke, Alexander Titz, Joseph P. Byrne

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Interactions of lectins with glycoconjugate-terbium(III) self-assembly complexes lead to sensing through enhanced lanthanide luminescence. This glycan-directed sensing paradigm detects an unlabelled lectin (LecA) associated with pathogen P. aeruginosa in solution, without any bactericidal activity. Further development of these probes could have potential as a diagnostic tool.

Interrogating Illusions Of Progress: Citizen Science, Science Communication, And A Call For Inclusive Reform, Joseph Roche, Gillian, L. Barber, Laura Bell, Autumn Brown, Sadhbh Crean, Orlaith Darling, Amy Fahy, Sylvia Healy, Theresa Heffernan, Mairead Hurley, Anne Kearns, Angeliki Lima, Louise Mcateer, Amelia Mcconville, Anna Mwakitalu, Eleanor Quasebarth Neil, Fiona Smyth, Aoife Taylor, Shaun Ussher, Anne Wedderburn, Caitlin White, Katerina Zouboulakis

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No abstract provided.

Why Criminal Defendants Cooperate: The Defense Attorney's Perspective, Jessica A. Roth, Anna D. Vaynman, Steven D. Penrod

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Cooperation is at the heart of most complex federal criminal cases, with profound ramifications for who can be brought to justice and for the fate of those who decide to cooperate. But despite the significance of cooperation, scholars have yet to explore exactly how individuals confronted with the decision whether to pursue cooperation with prosecutors make that choice. This Article—the first empirical study of the defense experience of cooperation—begins to address that gap. The Article reports the results of a survey completed by 146 criminal defense attorneys in three federal districts: the Southern District of New York, the Eastern District …

Unintended Consequences Of Covid-19 Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions (Npis) For Population Health And Health Inequalities, Coilin Ohaiseadha, Gerry A. Quinn, Ronan Connolly, Awwad Wilson, Michael Connolly, Willie Soon, Paul Hynds

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Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020, governments around the world have adopted an array of measures intended to control the transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, using both pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). NPIs are public health interventions that do not rely on vaccines or medicines and include policies such as lockdowns, stay-at-home orders, school closures, and travel restrictions. Although the intention was to slow viral transmission, emerging research indicates that these NPIs have also had unintended consequences for other aspects of public health. Hence, we conducted a narrative review of studies investigating these unintended consequences of …

Multistage Sustainability Education For University Engineering Students: A Case Study From Mechanical Engineering In Technological University Dublin, Kevin Delaney

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Sustainability will be a key challenge that future engineering graduates must consider when solving problems. This paper sets out the approach taken in the mechanical engineering discipline of Technological University Dublin (TU Dublin) to help students acquire and develop the requisite skills to integrate aspects of sustainability when tackling engineering problems. The approach, which has already been implemented across a number of different design and innovation modules, consists of two distinct phases. In the first, students are educated about sustainability and related issues. In the second phase, students are educated for sustainability and are taught to identify, define and solve …

An Exploration Of Practitioners’ Experiences Of Delivering Digital Social Care Interventions To Children And Families During The Covid-19 Pandemic: Mixed Methods Study, Grainne Hickey, Claire Dunne, Lauren Maguire, Niamh Mccarthy

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Digital technology is an increasingly prominent feature of health care delivery; however, social care has remained less digitized than other systems [1]. As an allied health profession, child and family social care practice is aimed at supporting the welfare and safety of vulnerable children and families. Similar to many other health professionals, social care practitioners develop an understanding of clients’ needs and provide support through the development of interpersonal relationships [2]. Traditionally, this involves physical proximity and face-to-face interaction, often in the context of the home environment [3]. Digital technologies, however, have crept into the delivery of social care interventions …

Assessment Of The Environmental Impact Of Food Consumption In Ireland-Informing A Transition To Sustainable Diets, Laura B Kirwan, Janette Walton, Albert Flynn, Anne P. Nugent, John Kearney, Nicholas M. Holden, Breige A. Mcnulty

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Dietary changes are required to mitigate the climatic impact of food consumption. Food consumption databases can support the development of sustainable food based dietary guidelines (SFBDG) when linked to environmental indicators. An improved knowledge base is crucial to the transition to sustainable diets, and multiple environmental indicators should be considered to ensure this transition is evidence based and accounts for trade-offs. The current study aimed to quantify the environmental impact of daily diets across population groups in Ireland. Nationally representative food consumption surveys for Irish children (NCFSII; 2017-2018), teenagers (NTFSII; 2019-2020), and adults (NANS; 2008-2010) were used in this analysis. …

Implementation Of A Food Science And Nutrition Module In A Dental Undergraduate Curriculum, Michael Crowe, Michael O'Sullivan, Lewis Winning, Oscar Cassetti, Brian O'Connell, Aifric O'Sullivan, Eileen Gibney, Suzanne Doyle, Annemarie Bennett, Paula Moynihan

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Although it is generally acknowledged that nutrition should be a core subject in curricula, most dental programmes do not specifically include nutrition education.1–5 The rationale for improving the nutrition education of dental students is supported by the multidirectional and synergistic relationship between nutrition and oral health.6,7 As highlighted recently, achieving a population-wide reduction in free sugar consumption has now become a central tenet for public health authorities and professional healthcare workers globally.8 However, dentists do not have the confidence or competencies to assess or deliver appropriate dietary interventions.

The Influence Of The Physical Work Environment On Retail Employees, Treasa Kearney, Joseph Coughlan, Aileen Kennedy

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Despite repeated calls for research to explore the effects of the physical work environment on employees within the servicescape literature, gaps in knowledge remain. There is a need to understand the nature, influence and impact of environmental stimuli (e.g. music, colour) on employees. Extant research remains ambiguous on whether employees perceive individual stimuli within their work environment or perceive and interact with their physical work environment as a holistic experience. This study aims to explore the influence of environmental stimuli on employees within their physical work environment and the effect on their satisfaction and loyalty.

Parents' Experiences Of Infant And Young Child Feeding During The Covid-19 Pandemic In Ireland, Elizabeth J. O'Sullivan, Aileen Kennedy

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Objective: The WHO has urged member states to develop preparedness plans for infant and young child feeding (IYCF) during emergencies. Ireland has no such plan. We aimed to identify the needs of caregivers in Ireland with regards IYCF during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design: Online survey conducted in May-June 2020. Setting: Ireland, during the first period of severely restricted movement due to COVID-19 (lockdown). Participants: Respondents (n 745) were primary caregivers of a child under 2 years; they were primarily well educated and likely of higher socio-economic status. Results: Among those who breastfed, being unable to access breast-feeding support groups and …

Analog Holographic Wavefront Sensor For Defocus And Spherical Aberration Measurement Recorded In A Photopolymer, Emma Branigan, Suzanne Martin, Matthew Sheehan, Kevin Murphy

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An analog holographic wavefront sensor (AHWFS), for measurement of low and high order (defocus and spherical aberration) aberration modes has been developed as volume phase holograms in a photopolymer recording medium. This is the first time that high order aberrations such as spherical aberration can be sensed using a volume hologram in a photosensitive medium. Both defocus and spherical aberration were recorded in a multi-mode version of this AHWFS. Refractive elements were used to generate a maximum and minimum phase delay of each aberration which were multiplexed as a set of volume phase holograms in an acrylamide based-photopolymer layer. The …

A Novel Unidirectional Smart Charging Management Algorithm For Electric Buses, Nicolae Darii, Roberto Turri, Keith Sunderland, Fabio Bignucolo

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The difficulty of controlling the charging of electric buses (EBs) and their effects on network demand are discussed in this study. The solutions suggest a call for worldwide, complex infrastructures that manage EVs and EBs equally. Additionally, the Distribution Network (DN) must be prepared for an increased prevalence of reverse power flow caused by widespread distributed renewable generation. This paper focuses exclusively on EBs since they have higher capacity and predictable charging patterns, which makes them more significant for the DN in the context of a transition to complete vehicle electrification and technologies that are mature enough to be hosted. …

Design Of Event-Triggered Asynchronous H∞ Filter For Switched Systems Using The Sampled-Data Approach, Sheraz Shafique, Ghulam Mustafa, Nouman Ashraf, Owais Khan

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The design of networked switched systems with event-based communication is attractive due to its potential to save bandwidth and energy. However, ensuring the stability and performance of networked systems with event-triggered communication and asynchronous switching is challenging due to their time-varying nature. This paper presents a novel sampled-data approach to design event-triggered asynchronous H∞ filters for networked switched systems. Unlike most existing event-based filtering results, which either design the event-triggering scheme only or co-design the event-triggering condition and the filter, we consider that the event-triggering policy is predefined and synthesize the filter. We model the estimation error system as an …

Embedded Ai For Wheat Yellow Rust Infection Type Classification, Uferah Shafi, Rafia Mumtaz, Muhammad Deedahwar Mazhar Qureshi, Zahid Mahmood, Sikander Khan Tanveer, Ihsan Ul Haq, Syed Mohammad Hassan Zaidi

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Wheat is the most important and dominating crop in Pakistan in terms of production and acreage, which is grown on 37% of the cultivated area, accounting for 70% of the total production. However, wheat yield is highly affected by stripe rust, which is considered the most devastating fungal disease, causing 5.5 million tonnes of loss per year globally. In order to minimize this loss, the accurate and timely detection of rust disease is crucial instead of manual inspection. Towards this end, we propose a system to detect wheat rust disease and classify its infection types into four classes, including healthy, …

Control And Protection Of Mmc-Based Hvdc Systems: A Review, Rashid Hussain Chandio, Faheem Akhtar Chachar, Jahangeer Badar Soomro, Jamshed Ahmed Ansari, Mudassir Munir Mudassir Munir, Hossam Zawbaa, Salah Kamel Salah Kamel

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The voltage source converter (VSC) based HVDC (high voltage direct current system) offers the possibility to integrate other renewable energy sources (RES) into the electrical grid, and allows power flow reversal capability. These appealing features of VSC technology led to the further development of multi-terminal direct current (MTDC) systems. MTDC grids provide the possibility of interconnection between conventional power systems and other large-scale offshore sources like wind and solar systems. The modular multilevel converter (MMC) has become a popular technology in the development of the VSC-MTDC system due to its salient features such as modularity and scalability. Although, the employment …

Adaptive Fuzzy Supplementary Controller For Ssr Damping In A Series-Compensated Dfig-Based Wind Farm, Mohamed Abdeen, Sayed Hosny Ahmed El-Banna, Sara Elgohary, Hend Mostafa, Nora Ghaly, Nourhan Adel, Zeinab Elkhwas, Mohamed Alahmady, Hossam Zawbaa, Salah Kamel

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Although using a series compensation technique in a long transmission line effectively increases the transmittable power; it may cause a sub-synchronous resonance (SSR) phenomenon. Gate-controlled series capacitor (GCSC) is an effective method for SSR damping by controlling the turn-off angle. In the previous studies, a constant supplementary damping controller (SDC) was used for controlling the turn-off angle, which can mitigate the SSR phenomenon. However, these methods can not capture the maximum transmittable power at different operating points. In this paper, a fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is proposed to compute the gain of SDC based on the wind speed and the …

An Adaptive Vector Control Method For Inverter-Based Stand-Alone Microgrids Considering Voltage Reduction And Load Shedding Schemes, Sumit Kumar Jha, Deepak Kumar, Prabhat Ranjan Tripathi, Bhargav Appasani, Hossam Zawbaa, Salah Kamel

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The droop mechanism is widely utilized in a stand-alone microgrid (MG) to regulate power-sharing among distributed generators (DG). However, over the years, the droop phenomena are continually modified to lessen the deviation in voltage and frequency parameters caused due to classical droop. This study suggests computing the droop coefficient for voltage–current (V–I) droop to take into account for proportional power distribution among DGs. In grid utility networks, the conservation voltage reduction (CVR) strategy is widely used to curtail the use of energy. Hence, this paper investigates the CVR's performance for stand-alone MG by performing the adaptive vector control scheme in …

Distributed Intermittent Fault Diagnosis In Wireless Sensor Network Using Likelihood Ratio Test, Bhabani Sankar Gouda, Meenakshi Panda, Trilochan Panigrahi, Sudhakar Das, Bhargav Appasani, Omprakash Acharya, Hossam Zawbaa, Salah Kamel

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In current days, sensor nodes are deployed in hostile environments for various military and commercial applications. Sensor nodes are becoming faulty and having adverse effects in the network if they are not diagnosed and inform the fault status to other nodes. Fault diagnosis is difficult when the nodes behave faulty some times and provide good data at other times. The intermittent disturbances may be random or kind of spikes either in regular or irregular intervals. In literature, the fault diagnosis algorithms are based on statistical methods using repeated testing or machine learning. To avoid more complex and time consuming repeated …

Intelligent Beam Steering For Wireless Communication Using Programmable Metasurfaces, Nouman Ashraf, Taqwa Saeed, Hamidreza Taghvaee, Sergi Abadal, Vasos Vasos, Christos Liaskos Christos Liaskos, Andreas Pitsillides, Marios Lestas Marios Lestas

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Future generations of wireless communications are envisioned to provide several Gbps data rates per user for billions of users simultaneously [1]. The proliferation of billions of Internet of Things (IoT) devices in various industries has pushed wireless networks to their limits in terms of the required capacity to effectively communicate the vast amounts of data that are generated [2]. Moreover, the increasing number of IoT devices is changing mobile communication services from interpersonal communication to smart interconnection among billions of devices. 6G is expected to fulfill the requirements of a fully connected world and provide ubiquitous wireless connectivity for all …

Metaheuristic Optimization Techniques Used In Controlling Of An Active Magnetic Bearing System For High-Speed Machining Application, Suraj Suraj, Pabitra Kumar Biswas Pabitra Kumar Biswas, Sukanta Debnath, Anumoy Ghosh, Thanikanti Sudhakar Babu, Hossam Zawbaa, Salah Kemal

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Smart control tactics, wider stability region, rapid reaction time, and high-speed performance are essential requirements for any controller to provide a smooth, vibrationless, and efficient performance of an in-house fabricated active magnetic bearing (AMB) system. In this manuscript, three pre-eminent population-based metaheuristic optimization techniques: Genetic algorithm (GA), Particle swarm optimization (PSO), and Cuckoo search algorithm (CSA) are implemented one by one, to calculate optimized gain parameters of PID controller for the proposed closed-loop active magnetic bearing (AMB) system. Performance indices or, objective functions on which these optimization techniques are executed are integral absolute error (IAE), integral square error (ISE), integral …