Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Law (3385)
- Engineering (629)
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (401)
- Electrical and Computer Engineering (342)
- Physical Sciences and Mathematics (322)
-
- Business (240)
- Medicine and Health Sciences (210)
- Education (201)
- Law and Society (193)
- Constitutional Law (192)
- Arts and Humanities (162)
- Intellectual Property Law (147)
- Legal Education (140)
- Courts (137)
- Computer Sciences (131)
- Legal Profession (118)
- Supreme Court of the United States (118)
- Administrative Law (117)
- Science and Technology Law (116)
- Communication (111)
- Comparative and Foreign Law (106)
- Criminal Procedure (105)
- International Law (105)
- First Amendment (104)
- Life Sciences (97)
- Criminal Law (95)
- Legislation (95)
- Legal Writing and Research (93)
- Jurisprudence (87)
- Computer Engineering (85)
- Institution
-
- Technological University Dublin (1845)
- University of Chicago Law School (923)
- University of Michigan Law School (662)
- University of Miami Law School (511)
- University of Minnesota Law School (388)
-
- Rochester Institute of Technology (355)
- Yeshiva University, Cardozo School of Law (354)
- University of Washington School of Law (350)
- University of Alabama School of Law (158)
- Southern Illinois University Carbondale (154)
- UIdaho Law (121)
- Mercer University School of Law (66)
- University of Baltimore Law (22)
- World Maritime University (15)
- CentraCare Health (13)
- National Law School of India University (13)
- Rhode Island School of Design (9)
- Utah State University (9)
- UAlaska System (7)
- Munster Technological University (5)
- Corewell Health (4)
- Liberty University (4)
- Butler University (2)
- Chicago-Kent College of Law (2)
- Southwestern Oklahoma State University (2)
- Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School (1)
- WellBeing International (1)
- Keyword
-
- Ireland (110)
- United States Supreme Court (89)
- Regulation (69)
- Technology (57)
- Law reform (53)
-
- Children (49)
- Congress (45)
- History (45)
- Lawyers (44)
- Education (37)
- Language (35)
- Corporations (34)
- Ethics (31)
- Intellectual property (30)
- Decision making (28)
- Federal agencies (28)
- Higher education (28)
- Copyright (27)
- Curriculum (27)
- Privacy (27)
- Law schools (26)
- Law students (26)
- Communication (25)
- Sustainability (25)
- Copyright law (24)
- Legal education (24)
- Religion (24)
- Design (23)
- Innovation (23)
- Artificial intelligence (22)
- Publication Year
- File Type
Articles 3871 - 3900 of 5996
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Experimental Study Of High-Temperature Smectic-C*F12 Phase In Chiral Smectic Liquid Crystals That Exhibit Phase-Sequence Reversal, K. L. Sandhya, J. K. Song, Yuri Panarin, J. K. Vij, S. Kumar
Experimental Study Of High-Temperature Smectic-C*F12 Phase In Chiral Smectic Liquid Crystals That Exhibit Phase-Sequence Reversal, K. L. Sandhya, J. K. Song, Yuri Panarin, J. K. Vij, S. Kumar
Articles
We report the results of an experimental study of a recently observed phase sequence reversal of smectic-C*FI2 [SmC*(qT=1/2); a four layer antiferroelectric] phase appearing in the temperature range above the smectic-C* (SmC*) phase from the results of optical birefringence, spontaneous polarization, selective reflection, conoscopy, and dielectric spectroscopy. The SmC*FI2 phase is observed in an antiferroelectric liquid crystalline compound, 10OHF, in a temperature range above that of SmC*A phase and is found to be thermodynamically monotropic, i.e., it appears only upon cooling from SmC*A phase. This is also unstable as if it is once transformed to SmC* by the application of …
Electro-Optic And Dielectric Study Of The De Vries-Type Smectic A* Phase Exhibiting Transitions To Smectic-C*A And Smectic-C* Phases, U. Manna, Jang-Kun Song, Yuri Panarin, Atsuo Fukuda, J. K. Vij
Electro-Optic And Dielectric Study Of The De Vries-Type Smectic A* Phase Exhibiting Transitions To Smectic-C*A And Smectic-C* Phases, U. Manna, Jang-Kun Song, Yuri Panarin, Atsuo Fukuda, J. K. Vij
Articles
Mixtures of different compositions of an antiferroelectric liquid crystal compound that exhibits direct smectic-A*(Sm-A*)-smectic-C*A(Sm-C*A) transition with a ferroelectric liquid crystal compound that exhibits Sm-A*-smectic-C*(Sm-C*) transition are studied using electro-optics and dielectric spectroscopy. The results of optical texture, birefringence, and the tilt angle suggest that a part of the Sm-A* phase is of de Vries type, since an increase in the tilt angle with decreasing temperature results in a reduction in the value of the birefringence in the Sm-A* phase, whereas the birefringence at Sm-A* to Sm-C* transition goes up by 12.7%. The soft mode relaxation strength, the Landau coefficient of …
V-Shaped Electro-Optic Response Observed In A Chiral Ferroelectric Smectic Liquid Crystal, V. Manjuladevi, Yuri Panarin, Jang-Kun Song, B. K. Sadashiva
V-Shaped Electro-Optic Response Observed In A Chiral Ferroelectric Smectic Liquid Crystal, V. Manjuladevi, Yuri Panarin, Jang-Kun Song, B. K. Sadashiva
Articles
We report on the observation of V-shaped switching in a ferroelectric liquid crystal cell over a wide range of temperatures. Results of the optical transmittance in the visible region give us the helical pitch for various temperatures of the ferroelectric liquid crystalline compound used. We show that the helical pitch, in addition to the spontaneous polarization (PS) and thickness of the alignment layer of the cell, is an important factor in giving V-shaped switching. A longer or helical compensated mixture gives a better V-shaped switching. © 2008 American Institute of Physics.
Update Of Clostridium Difficile Infection Due To Pcr Ribotype 027 In Europe, 2008, Denise Drudy, E. J. Kuijper, F. Barbut, J. S. Brazier
Update Of Clostridium Difficile Infection Due To Pcr Ribotype 027 In Europe, 2008, Denise Drudy, E. J. Kuijper, F. Barbut, J. S. Brazier
Articles
Since the emergence of a new virulent strain of Clostridium difficile characterised as toxinotype III, North American pulsedfield type 1 (NAP1), restriction-endonuclease analysis group type BI and PCR-ribotype 027 (Type 027), multiple outbreaks have been reported in North America and Europe [1-9]. The increased virulence of C. difficile Type 027 is thought to be associated with a 1 base pair deletion at position 117 of the tcdC gene which leads to an increased or prolonged production of toxins A and B, and possibly the production of a binary toxin [1-3]. However, these virulence factors are not unique for Type 027 …
An All-Fiber Temperature Sensor Based On A Macro-Bend Singlemode Fiber Loop, Ginu Rajan, Yuliya Semenova, Gerald Farrell
An All-Fiber Temperature Sensor Based On A Macro-Bend Singlemode Fiber Loop, Ginu Rajan, Yuliya Semenova, Gerald Farrell
Articles
An all-fibre temperature sensor is proposed based on a macro-bend singlemode fibre loop using a ratiometric power measurement scheme. The sensor has a linear characteristic with temperature at a fixed wavelength and bend radius. A direct linear relationship between the bend loss of the singlemode fibre and temperature is reported for the first time. By measuring the change in bend loss of the system a change in temperature can be measured assuming the system is calibrated. The proposed sensor has a higher temperature resolution than other conventional fibre-optic sensors and also benefits from simplicity.
Investigation On Singlemode-Multimode-Singlemode Fiber Structure, Qian Wang, Gerald Farrell, W. Yan
Investigation On Singlemode-Multimode-Singlemode Fiber Structure, Qian Wang, Gerald Farrell, W. Yan
Articles
This paper presents an investigation on a single-mode-multimode-single-mode fiber structure. A one-way guided-mode propagation analysis for the circular symmetry waveguide is employed to model the light propagation and the approximated formulations are derived and evaluated concerning the accuracy. Phase conjunction of the multimode interference within the fiber structure is revealed. A simple way to predict and analyze the spectral response of the structure is presented through the space to wavelength mapping with the derived approximated formulations. The prediction of spectral response is verified numerically and experimentally.
Reduction Of Ground-Plane-Dependent Effects On Microstrip-Fed Printed Rectangular Monopoles, Matthias John, Jonathan Evans, Max Ammann, J. C. Modro, Z. N. Chen
Reduction Of Ground-Plane-Dependent Effects On Microstrip-Fed Printed Rectangular Monopoles, Matthias John, Jonathan Evans, Max Ammann, J. C. Modro, Z. N. Chen
Articles
Methods to mitigate the strong dependence of impedance bandwidth on the ground- plane size for a rectangular printed planar monopole is described. It is shown that the bandwidth limitation may be overcome by introducing feed-line asymmetry, which alters the purity and the Q of the higher frequency modes and by ground-plane augmentation, which effects the lower frequency modes. A method of extending the ground plane without increasing the overall antenna size is shown to improve both the bandwidth and gain and also to enable the use of significantly smaller ground planes. The effects of these techniques on radiation pattern are …
Temperature Dependence Of Macrobending Loss In All-Fiber Bend Loss Edge Filter, Pengfei Wang, Yuliya Semenova, Gerald Farrell
Temperature Dependence Of Macrobending Loss In All-Fiber Bend Loss Edge Filter, Pengfei Wang, Yuliya Semenova, Gerald Farrell
Articles
A theoretical model for macrobending-induced temperature dependent loss (TDL) for a standard singlemode fiber (SMF28) with dual coating layers is presented, with good agreement demonstrated between theoretical calculations and experimental results. The impact of temperature on two examples of an all-fiber based edge filter is also investigated theoretically and experimentally and using the developed model, it is shown that it is possible to predict the impact of temperature variations on an all-fiber based edge filter.
Fabrication Of Switchable Liquid Crystal Devices Using Surface Relief Gratings In Photopolymer, Pavani Kotakonda, Izabela Naydenova, Robert Howard, Suzanne Martin, Vincent Toal
Fabrication Of Switchable Liquid Crystal Devices Using Surface Relief Gratings In Photopolymer, Pavani Kotakonda, Izabela Naydenova, Robert Howard, Suzanne Martin, Vincent Toal
Articles
Holographically recorded surface relief gratings in dry, self-developing acrylamide based photopolymer were used to fabricate two types of switchable liquid crystal (LC) device. One is an electrically switchable LC diffraction grating and the other is an electrically switchable polarization rotator. The electrically switchable diffraction grating was characterized by measuring the dependence of the intensity in the first diffracted order on the applied electric field. The polarization rotator was characterized by studying the influence of the applied electric field on the twist angle and the variation of intensity in the zero and the first orders of diffraction.
Quarter-Wave Metal Plate Solar Antenna, S. Shynu, Max Ammann, Brian Norton
Quarter-Wave Metal Plate Solar Antenna, S. Shynu, Max Ammann, Brian Norton
Articles
A novel design of a quarter-wave shorted trapezoidal metal plate solar antenna using high efficiency polycrystalline silicon solar cells is presented. Using the DC conductive parts of the cell as RF antenna elements as well as choosing the radiating element to be a small base trapezoid, better coupling between the feed and shorting plates is ensured and 40.3% size reduction compared to a conventional shorted quarter-wave patch is obtained. The trapezoidal radiating element covers merely 2.7% of the total available illumination area of the solar cell, leaving its efficiency essentially unaffected. The proposed design strategy has been verified by an …
Extending The Reach Of The State Into The Post-Sentence Period: Section 26 Of The Criminal Justice Act 2007, Mary Rogan
Extending The Reach Of The State Into The Post-Sentence Period: Section 26 Of The Criminal Justice Act 2007, Mary Rogan
Articles
The Criminal Justice Act 2007 heralded a plethora of changes to Irish criminal law and procedure. The law on sentencing was also affected by its provisions. The focus of this article is on section 26 of that Act which introduces a general power on a court to make an order while passing sentence which will take effect on the expiration of a sentence of imprisonment. Under section 26 a court can impose two such orders, the “monitoring” order and the “protection of persons” order. The author assesses the background to the introduction of these dispositions and the potential application and …
Digital Radio Policy In Canada: From Analog Replacement To Multimedia Convergence, Brian O'Neill
Digital Radio Policy In Canada: From Analog Replacement To Multimedia Convergence, Brian O'Neill
Articles
Digital radio policy in Canada has moved from a position of seeking to migrate all radio broadcasting onto a single digital transmission system (Eureka-147) to a multi-platform, cross-media and multimedia approach. The most recent digital radio policy of 2006 suggests a range of new possibilities for radio broadcasting, including multimedia broadcasting, but as a result has compromised the early adoption of the Eureka-147 standard. This paper contrasts the different policy contexts of 1995 and 2006 and argues that the competing technological options for digital audio delivery now pose significant dilemmas for broadcasters and policy makers.
Entrepreneurs With Disabilities: Profile Of A Forgotten Minority., Thomas Cooney
Entrepreneurs With Disabilities: Profile Of A Forgotten Minority., Thomas Cooney
Articles
The hosting of the Special Olympics in Ireland in 2003 compellingly brought to the forefront of public consciousness the capacity of people with disabilities to significantly contribute economically and socially to the nation. However, a body of research now exists highlighting that people with disabilities are less likely to be gainfully employed and will have lower earnings than non-disabled people. These differentials are caused by a variety of factors, including perceived and actual discrimination. An alternative career option for people with disabilities is to become self-employed, which has the benefits of the freedom, flexibility, and independence associated with self-employment, as …
Beyond Economics: A Behavioural Approach To Energy Efficiency In Domestic Buildings, Marius Claudy, Aidan O'Driscoll
Beyond Economics: A Behavioural Approach To Energy Efficiency In Domestic Buildings, Marius Claudy, Aidan O'Driscoll
Articles
This paper argues that the moderate success of policies aiming to stimulate the uptake of Sustainable Energy Systems (SES) in the domestic sector is grounded in a poor understanding of the ‘consumer’. The predominant economic approach behind most policies assumes that improving the cost-benefit ratio of technologies via grants and subsidies and providing sufficient information will automatically incentivise householders’ to invest into SES. Yet, policymakers often neglect behavioural determinants such as attitudes, social norms or personal capabilities. Drawing on key findings from the economics, technology and behavioural literature, this paper proposes an integrated model to identify behavioural and contextual influences …
Crossover Special Presentation: American Indian Law And Literature, Richard Delgado, Jean Stefancic
Crossover Special Presentation: American Indian Law And Literature, Richard Delgado, Jean Stefancic
Articles
No abstract provided.
Liberal Mccartyism And The Origins Of Critical Race Theory Critical Race Theory Speaker Series - Crt 20: Honoring Our Past, Charting Our Future, Richard Delgado
Liberal Mccartyism And The Origins Of Critical Race Theory Critical Race Theory Speaker Series - Crt 20: Honoring Our Past, Charting Our Future, Richard Delgado
Articles
No abstract provided.
Fair Trials? The Manual For Military Commissions In Light Of Common Article 3 And Other International Law, David Weissbrodt, Andrea W. Templeton
Fair Trials? The Manual For Military Commissions In Light Of Common Article 3 And Other International Law, David Weissbrodt, Andrea W. Templeton
Articles
The United States Department of Defense initiated military commissions as authorized by the Military Commissions Act ("MCA") of 2006 to try "unlawful enemy combatants" detained in the course of the War on Terror. 1 Enacted on October 17, 2006, the MCA's specific purpose is "to try alien unlawful enemy combatants engaged in hostilities against the United States for violations of the law of war and other offenses triable by military commission." 2 Congress passed the MCA as a renewed attempt at convening military commissions in response to the Supreme Court's ruling in Hamdan v. Rumsfeld, 3 where the Court held …
The Frontier Of Eminent Domain, Alexandra Klass
The Frontier Of Eminent Domain, Alexandra Klass
Articles
The Supreme Court's 2005 decision in Kelo v. City of New London brought the issues of takings and public use into the national spotlight. A groundswell of opposition to government-initiated 'economic development takings' the Court deemed a public use under the Fifth Amendment led to eminent domain reform legislation in over 30 states. Many people are surprised to learn, however, that another type of economic development taking is alive and well in many western states that are rich in natural resources. In those states, oil, gas, and mining companies have the power of eminent domain under state constitutions or state …
Fighting Women: The Military, Sex, And Extrajudicial Constitutional Change, Jill Elaine Hasday
Fighting Women: The Military, Sex, And Extrajudicial Constitutional Change, Jill Elaine Hasday
Articles
The Supreme Court in Rostker v. Goldberg (1981) upheld male-only military registration, and endorsed male-only conscription and combat positions. Few cases have challenged restrictions on women's military service since Rostker, and none have reached the Supreme Court. Federal statutes continue to exclude women from military registration and draft eligibility, and military regulations still ban women from some combat positions. Yet many aspects of women's legal status in the military have changed in striking respects over the past quarter century while academic attention has focused elsewhere. Congress has eliminated statutory combat exclusions, the military has opened many combat positions to women, …
Toward A Functional Definition Of Publication In Copyright Law, Thomas F. Cotter
Toward A Functional Definition Of Publication In Copyright Law, Thomas F. Cotter
Articles
The questions of whether, when, and where an author has "published" her work of authorship traditionally has given rise to, and continues to give rise to, numerous consequences, including the protectability of the work under U.S. copyright law; the running of various time periods, including a grace period for registering the copyright and the termination of copyright in works made for hire; the applicability of fair use and other exceptions to copyright liability; and the imposition of the duty to deposit two copies of the work with the Library of Congress. Although the 1976 Copyright Act, unlike its predecessors, includes …
Employee Primacy, Or Economics Meets Civic Republicanism At Work, Brett Mcdonnell
Employee Primacy, Or Economics Meets Civic Republicanism At Work, Brett Mcdonnell
Articles
This paper argues for employee primacy in corporate governance. "Employee primacy" has two elements: ultimate employee control over the corporation, and an objective function of maximizing employee welfare. In methodology, the argument draws upon both economics, but understood more broadly than in most corporate law scholarship, and upon civic republican ideas. The paper presents four different arguments favoring employee primacy. (1) Employee primacy is likely to create the most surplus within the corporation due to incentive effects and the wealth of information that employees possess. (2) Corporations characterized by employee primacy are more likely to be socially responsible, and hence …
Irrelevant Wasteland: An Exploration Of Why Red Lion Doesn't Matter (Much) In 2008, The Crucial Importance Of The Information Revolution, And The Continuing Relevance Of The Public Interest Standard In Regulating Access To Spectrum, Ronald J. Krotoszynski Jr.
Irrelevant Wasteland: An Exploration Of Why Red Lion Doesn't Matter (Much) In 2008, The Crucial Importance Of The Information Revolution, And The Continuing Relevance Of The Public Interest Standard In Regulating Access To Spectrum, Ronald J. Krotoszynski Jr.
Articles
No abstract provided.
How Not To Do Medical Malpractice Reform: A Florida Case Study, Mary I. Coombs
How Not To Do Medical Malpractice Reform: A Florida Case Study, Mary I. Coombs
Articles
No abstract provided.
Of Service Workers, Contracting Out, Joint Employment, Legal Consciousness, And The University Of Miami, Kenneth M. Casebeer
Of Service Workers, Contracting Out, Joint Employment, Legal Consciousness, And The University Of Miami, Kenneth M. Casebeer
Articles
No abstract provided.
(Un)Covering Identity In Civil Rights And Poverty Law, Anthony V. Alfieri
(Un)Covering Identity In Civil Rights And Poverty Law, Anthony V. Alfieri
Articles
No abstract provided.
Chairman Kevin Martin On Indecency: Enhancing Agency Power, Lili Levi
Chairman Kevin Martin On Indecency: Enhancing Agency Power, Lili Levi
Articles
No abstract provided.
The Inter-American Human Rights System: A Primer, Caroline Bettinger-López
The Inter-American Human Rights System: A Primer, Caroline Bettinger-López
Articles
No abstract provided.
Human Rights At Home: Domestic Violence As A Human Rights Violation, Caroline Bettinger-López
Human Rights At Home: Domestic Violence As A Human Rights Violation, Caroline Bettinger-López
Articles
No abstract provided.
Mixed Speech: When Speech Is Both Private And Governmental, Caroline Mala Corbin
Mixed Speech: When Speech Is Both Private And Governmental, Caroline Mala Corbin
Articles
Speech is generally considered to be either private or governmental, and this dichotomy is embedded in First Amendment jurisprudence. However, speech is often neither purely private nor purely governmental but rather a combination of the two. Nonetheless, the Supreme Court has not yet recognized mixed speech as a distinct category of speech. This Article suggests considerations for identifying mixed speech and exposes the shortcomings of the current approach of classifying all speech as either private or governmental when determining whether viewpoint restrictions pass First Amendment muster. Treating mixed speech as government speech gives short shrift to the free speech interests …
Competent Capital Representation: The Necessity Of Knowing And Heeding What Jurors Tell Us About Mitigation, John H. Blume, Sheri Lynn Johnson, Scott E. Sundby
Competent Capital Representation: The Necessity Of Knowing And Heeding What Jurors Tell Us About Mitigation, John H. Blume, Sheri Lynn Johnson, Scott E. Sundby
Articles
No abstract provided.