Digital Commons Network^™

Comparison Of Attitudes Of Mothers And Fathers Toward Nursery School Education, Pamela Meals

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Attitudes of middle class mothers and fathers toward nursery school education were measured and compared. The subjects were parents of children who attended the Utah State University nursery school. A scale was developed to test parental attitudes. Attitudes toward nursery school education were definitely favorable. Comparison of attitudes expressed by mothers with those expressed by fathers revealed significant differences between the two groups, when the total number of responses of all scale items were considered together.

The total scale included 48 items comprising three subscales, which tested the following parental attitudes toward nursery school education: attitudes concerning a child's independence …

Collective Bargaining In Utah's Council-Manager Municipalities, Ronald L. Mckim

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The collective bargaining practices among Utah's council-manager municipalities was studied through a review of existing literature and two surveys, one of which focused upon the policies and practices of Utah's fourteen municipalities governed under the council-manager system and having a population of 2,000 or more. The second survey was a microcosmic study of Ogden City's collective bargaining practices as defined by administrators and employee representatives.

The first survey involving the collective bargaining practices of Utah's fourteen council-manager municipalities indicated that two factors were present. They are: (1) formal employee organizations existed in areas with the largest and densest population structures, …

Student Understanding And Use Of Tobacco In Box Elder Senior And Junior High Schools, Douglas M. Stoker

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Student. understanding and use of tobacco was studied under the following specific areas: specific knowledge as it relates to smoking and health; student opinions and attitudes toward smoking; smoking experience; and the influence of certain factors on smoking status.

About 1155 students were sampled with the use of a questionnaire. It was found that there was no significant difference in the scores of boys and girls. The senior high students were better informed than the ninth grade or junior high students.

The majority (81 percent) of all students surveyed were of the opinion that the pleasure derived from smoking was …

Food And Nutritional Needs Of The World Population By 2000 A. D., Sitaram Shankar Kharbas

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Investigations were carried out to project the food needs of the world population by 2000 A. D., and to explore the possibilities of meeting these requirements.

About 70 percent of the world population presently living in developing countries do not get adequate diets, and suffer from many diseases of under-nutrition and malnutrition. They are unable to increase food production themselves. People in the developed nations have enough food and their food production is increasing at a rate faster than the rate of growth of population.

Cultivable land is the main source of food for man. The seas can also be …

Development And Evaluation Of A Waiver Examination For The Introductory Foods Course At Utah State University, Virginia Clark Bragg

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A written objective-type waiver examination for the introductory foods course at Utah State University has been developed and evaluated.

Results of the study showed that the examination improved with revision. In addition, it was found that there was a statistically significant relationship between the score students achieved on the waiver examination and the total numerical score representing the final grade in the basic foods course.

There was apparently no significant relationship between the number of years experience students had in food preparation, the type of experience in food preparation, and their performance on the waiver examination. Apparently depth of knowledge …

Predicting Success In Shorthand I, Meredith Cragun Bell

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to find the best predictors and best combination of predictors of shorthand success. Those used were the Educational Research Corporation Stenographic Aptitude Test and its subtests, I.Q. scores, a Self-Success Rating, and the Digit Symbol subtest taken from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale.

Students enrolled in Shorthand I at Sky View High School were the subjects used in this study.

The criteria of shorthand success were the final dictation speed and the final grade.

The best single predictor of shorthand dictation speed was the total E.R.C. Stenographic Aptitude Test. The best combination of predictors …

Development And Control Of Licking Behavior In The Guinea Pig (Cavia Porcellus), Jack R. Alvord

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Four non-licking guinea pigs were reinforced with water for successive approximations to licking an operandum feeder. Once all subjects had obtained their total liquid intake for a three-week period by licking, an optimum deprivation schedule was determined.

Fixed ratio and variable interval schedules were found to affect licking behavior of the guinea pig in a similar way as with the rat, mean lick rate of guinea pigs being slightly lower than that of the rat. Precise control over the onset and offset of licking was demonstrated through discrimination training.

The Relationship Of Occupational Choice To Ego Identity And Self-Concepts, Norman D. Bell

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study attempted to investigate the relationship of occupational choice to ego identity achievement, to self-concept, and to academic achievement, as these are related to Eric Erikson's contention that is adolescents' inability to settle on an occupational choice which disturbs them and results in a sense of identity diffusion (lack of solidified ideas of self, goals for life, and a need to seek external supports).

The sample consisted of 320 senior high school boys in the tenth, eleventh, and twelfth grades.

Variables considered included: level of vocational commitment; ego identity; self-regard, i.e., self-concept, self-acceptance, ideal self and adjustment (sum of …

The Relationship Between Activity Delay And Freshman Academic Achievement, Richard R. Carlson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine if a relationship existed between arrival time in coming to take the ACT test and academic achievement.

The individuals who met the general criteria were used in this study numbered 129; 46 of these met the additional criteria of arriving early and they composed the early group.

The early and late groups were compared on ACT composite score and cumulative grade point average.

Significant differences between the means could not be found, by analysis of variance; between the early and late groups using either ACT composite score or cumulative grade point average.

Variations On Piaget's Pre-Number Development Tests Used As Learning Experiences, Hyrum E. Richards

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The effects of learning upon the rate of conservation attainment and its transference to other areas of performance were studied using 17 mentally retarded subjects.

Subjects found to be non-conservers on pretests were taught conservation and correspondence using a variety of tasks modeled from Piaget's experiments. They were also pretested on the WISC Information and Picture Arrangement Sub-tests and a number concept test. Following the learning experiences, the subjects were posttested using the same measures used for pretesting with the exception of the number test where an alternate form was used.

Significant correlations were found between the conservation pretest scores …

Remedial Reading: Evaluation Of A Reading-And-Study Course With Implications For A College Reading Center, Antoine T. Powell

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The main purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the method of teaching a "How to Study" class in helping students more adequately meet their reading needs.

Research was conducted to test the reading gains made by students in the program with respect to ability and group size. The results indicate that group size had the greatest effect as to changes in reading behavior.

Instruction was based on diagnosing student needs. It was shown that a significant number of students who decreased in rate of reading, increased in comprehension. The same diagnostic principle was observed for those …

Student Achievement Effort As Related To Achievement And Self Concept, Michael Lynn Maughan

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study was designed to investigate more completely the variable of achievement effort (effort in school) as related to self rating, teacher rating, student self concept, actual achievement, and sex differences.

A group of 198 sixth grade students were used as the experimental subjects. Five sets of data were obtained on the students: (a) students' self ratings on an achievement effort rating scale, (b) teachers' ratings of their students on the same achievement effort rating scale, (c) students' scores on a self concept scale, (d) students' performances on an achievement test, and (e) students' performances on an intelligence test. Partial …

A Study Of Life Crisis Magnitude Of Psychiatric Patients And A Non-Therapy Group, Helen B. Morris

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A group of hospitalized psychiatric patients and a randomly selected non-therapy group responded to the Schedule of Recent Experiences questionniare. In order to determine the magnitude of life change events for the two groups, Life Change Unit totals were derived for the years 1966 and 1967.

To test the hypothesis that patients in psychiatric treatment have experienced a quantitatively significant greater amount of life change than a group of non-therapy subjects, an analysis of variance was used to determine whether there were significant differences between the scores for the two groups.

For the year 1966, no significant difference was found …

The Relationship Between Grade Point Averages Of The Henmon-Nelson Test Of Mental Ability And The American College Test, Eda Alene Hansen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Grading within a single school was studied by comparing the grades with the policy of grading recommended by the high school, and the relationship between the grades and two tests administered by the school.

Six hundred fifty-five graduates from the 1964, 1965 and 1966 graduating classes made up the sample. The grades used were those received during their three years in high school. The tests were the Henmon-Nelson Test of Mental Ability administered in the tenth grade and the American College Test which was taken in the twelfth grade. The Pearson r Correlation Coefficient was used to make the correlations. …

The Relationship Of The Wechsler Preschool And Primary Scale Of Intelligence (Wppsi) To The Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale, Duane Reeder

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Correlational comparisons were made between the Stanford-Binet, Form L-M, and the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence using children enrolled in a Head-Start program. The study was concerned with three hypotheses:

1.The correlations found between the I.Q. scores obtained on the WPPSI full scale, verbal, and performance scales and those obtained on the Stanford-Binet using Head-Start children as subjects would be significant at the .01 level.

2. The correlation between the WPPSI and the Stanford-Binet utilizing Head-Start children would not be significantly different from the correlation reported by Wechsler in the WPPSI manual.

3. Scores on the WPPSI verbal …

A Comparison Of Mednick's Remote Associates Test And Pettigrew's Category-Width Test, John W. Sesney

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The present study was designed to examine the relationship between Mednick's Remote Associates Test and Pettigrew's Category-Width Test. The sample was made up of 36 educational psychology students enrolled in the Utah State Summer School.

The correlation for males and females was made independently. Although the males showed a higher correlation between the two tests than did the females (males, .296 and females, .058), the correlations were not statistically significant.

No full explanation was given for the lack of correlation between the category-width scores and the RAT scores except for the qualification that the RAT may be measuring a different …

The Use Of Mental Imagery Among Young Children In The Acquisition Of Piaget's Principles Of Conservation, Richard C. Sweetland

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study attempted to discover some parameters in terms of mental age at which young children, ages five through eight, begin to utilize effectively their mental imagery in the learning process. Using Piaget's principles of conservation as a learning task, subjects were taught in one of two groups: Group one was instructed in conservation concepts by use of concrete example, in which case they were allowed to see, handle and manipulate materials as they underwent transformations. Group two received identical instruction but were called upon to use their mental imagery to visualize the materials undergoing transformations.

Based upon the administration …

The Effects Of A Programed Text Of Contingency Management Procedures On The Ability Of Teachers To Write Behavioral Prescriptions, Lanny E. Morreau

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

An informational source where teachers and teacher-candidates could gain a functional knowledge of contingency management techniques had not been developed. A programed text was written to provide this source. Five teachers and teacher-candidates were exposed to the text for a period of three days. As a result of this exposure, learning gains, significant at the 0.01 level, were found in the students' abilities (a) to write behavioral prescriptions and (b) to write the principles of contingency management when presented with open-ended questions pertaining to these principles.

Child's Perception Of Parental Attitude And Its Relationship To Academic Achievement And Problem Awareness, Mohammed K. Fazel

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study was aimed at finding relationships between the triad of academic achievement, child's perception of parental attitude, and his problem awareness. The study was designed with reference to three postulates of phenomenological psychology. (a) The perceptual field of an individual at any moment determines his behavior of the moment. (b) The term phenomenal self is formed by the individual's interaction with others. (c) The basic need of the organism is the maintenance and actualization of the self.

A survey of the literature tended to support the thesis that there was a positive relationship between educational achievement and parental acceptance. …

The Effects Of Response Set On The Structured-Objective Rorschach Test, Richard Y. Moody

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The normal forced-choice Structured-Objective Rorschach Test (SORT) and a modified free-choice SORT were administered to sixty high school students to determine the effects of response set (e.g. social desirability). The results were inconclusive. The following trends, however, were observed: (1) The free-choice modification was more resistant to response set distortion than the normal forced-choice SORT. (2) The free-choice administration showed greater flexibility in enhancement and resistance to social desirability. (3) There was little sex difference in factor scores with respect to choice administration. Females, however, gave more responses than males on the free-choice SORT.

Guarded And Unguarded Responses To Sentence Completion Tests Among Normal Adolescents And Juvenile Delinquents, Mohammed K. Fazel

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study was designed to test the responses of a group of juvenile delinquests and a group of normal adolescents to a sentence completion test. The test used was a modified form of Sack's Sentence Completion test in two forms--form A, first person stems and form B, third person stems. The hypothesis to be tested were (1) people project more in the third person, (2) the normal projects more, and (3) there would be no difference in projection on neutral items. The results bear out the three hypothesis. The sex scale, however, was an exception. This may be due to …

The Iowa Tests Of Educational Development As Predictors Of Academic Success At Utah State University, James Vance Hendricks

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Academic achievement at Utah State University was predicted for a sample of students from Cache County, Utah, high schools. Predictor variables were grade point averages for grades ten-twelve and the ten scores of the Iowa Tests of Educational Development.

Criteria included grade point ave rages after one quarter of college and after each college year. Simple correlation coefficients between high school and college grades ranged from .655 to .706, with a median of .676 and a mean of .677, Simple correlation coefficients between scores on the Iowa Tests of Educational Development and college grades ranged from .366 to, 566, with …

Variation In The Order Of Presentation Of Cues As One Variable In Concept Organization, John E. Genasci

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In the experiment, with forty-eight students as subjects, a series of nonsense syllables (DAX, MEF, TOV, VIC, YOP, ZIP, and ZIL) were to be associated with four geometric figures. The task was so arranged that Zip applied to all figures, Dax and Vic to subsets of two figures each, and the remaining were individual labels. In each of three experiments there was an experimental group that received pre-response cueing by means of an analogy which involved hierarchic concepts in the same general form, i. e ., animal, wild, tame, and individual names.

The results suggest that the order and timing …

A Study Of The Relationship Between Anxiety, Manifest Needs, And Creativity In Upward Bound Students, Neal A. Davidson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Previous investigators have indicated that low socio-economic students have difficulty experiencing success on tests heavily loaded with verbal material. Differences in personality characteristics between students of high and low creativity have also been found. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the influence of manifest needs and anxiety on creative thinking.

The Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale, which determines anxiety level, the Edwards Personal Preference Schedule, which measures manifest needs, and the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking, which provides an index of creativity were administered to Spanish-American, Anglo-American, Negro, and Navaho high school students, who constituted the 1967 Upward …

A History Of The Italian And German Prisoner Of War Camps In Utah And Idaho During World War Ii, Ralph A. Busco

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The United States offered an ideal situation for prisoner of war camps during World War II. The remoteness of the states of Utah and Idaho offered also an ideal situation to intern prisoners.

The United States established 141 base camps and 313 branch camps. Out of this number, Utah and Idaho represented a total number of nine base and twenty-one branch camps. Utah and Idaho had under their supervision approximately 11,660 or 3.6% of the prisoners in the base camps.

The Utah and Idaho camps were under supervision of the United states War Department. Their basic source for the administration …

An Evaluation Of The Dichotomy Between Structural Versus Deficient-Demand Unemployment, Carl D. Parker

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This thesis is addressed to the theoretical controversy which revolves around the explanation of the higher unemployment rates that prevailed after 1957. The debate that has been generated concerning the causes of this unemployment problem is usually referred to as the "structural" versus "deficient-demand" debate. An attempt is made to present a representative view of both sides of the debate as well as a critical evaluation of both positions. Care is taken to keep both positions separated for each leads to entirely different policy recommendations. A more general theoretical structure is presented which will be useful in analyzing the relevance …

Teenage Marriage In Relation To Continuance In School, Marguerite Fryer

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study was a comparison of the teenage married girls in school and the married girls who dropped out of school in the Stockton Unified School District, in Stockton, California during the 1966-67 school year.

The girls who stay in school seem to have a more conducive home environment than the girls who drop out of school. The in school girls had the following advantages: They had more fathers who approved of their marriage; they had a significantly larger number of mothers who approved of their spouses after marriage; they were not running away from parental authority; their parents had …

Developmental Learning Of Concepts Of The Pre-School Child, Gordon Geddes

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A research experiment was performed in the Utah State University Child Development Laboratory on a group of pre-school children consisting of ten boys and ten girls between the ages of three and four years in an attempt to discover that teaching method which will best sustain a child's interest while teaching a foreign language in an experimental situation.

The procedure involved the evaluation of three different methods. 1) German conversation in a group utilizing audio-visual aids, 2) Group singing of a German song, and 3) Telling a story in German using a flannel board with illustrations. These three methods were …

Comparison Of Mosaic Responses Of Disadvantaged And Advantaged Preschool Children, Renée Ostler

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Developmental age differences were studied between a group of Head Start children and a group of preschool children attending the Utah State University Child Development Laboratory. The Lowenfeld Mosaic Test was used to make distinctions between the child whose developmental age was below his age in years. The results were compared to the four-year and five-year chronological age level of the Armes and Ilg scoring criteria.

Although behavior in response to the Mosaic test developed in the same way for both the disadvantaged children and the advantaged children, the products or Mosaic designs of the disadvantaged children were less mature …

The Adolescents Preference For Counselors In Relation To Their Degree Of Religious Conviction, James W. Fitch

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In a highly complex culture, there are numerous factors that influence ones life. The more industrialized societies promote tremendous structure for the entire population. The past World War II era has been labeled "The Age of Anxiety" (28, p.3). In some respects children are being forced to mature at an earlier age. The "storm and stress" period of the adolescent is receiving considerable recognition in our current literature and the adults are taking on increasing amounts of structure which are all resulting in more complex culture.