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Endemic Whitefishes Of Bear Lake, Utah-Idaho: A Problem In Systematics, Robert G. White

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The systematic status of whitefishes endemic to Bear lake, Utah-Idaho, has remained tenuous since their original description. Clarification of this problem was the major objective of the present study. The general approach was an integrated one, including examination of morphological, biochemical and ecological parameters; artificial hybrids were produced and compared with questionable groups from the natural population.

Morphological analysis revealed five forms of Bear Lake whitefishes Prosopium gemmiferum (Bonneville cisco) and P. abyssicola (Bear lake whitefish) were well differentiated from other forms and were treated as originally described. The P. spilonotus (Bonneville whitefish) group, however, was found to be made …

Nutrition Of Sheep Grazing Foothill Big Game Range In Spring, Kurt J. Kotter

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Sheep with esophageal fistulas were used to determine the daily intake, nutritive content and digestibility of forage at three periods and two stocking intensities during the spring of 1972 on a typical foothill range in northern Utah.

Heavy grazing under a season-long regime did not influence the concentrations of dietary chemical components when compared to moderate grazing; however, it did depress the digestibility of cellulose and organic matter. There was a significant decline in the dietary chemical components due to forage maturation. Digestibility of organic matter and cellulose were significantly higher in the early spring as compared to late spring. …

The Dynamics Of Root Growth And The Partitioning Of Photosynthates In Cool Desert Shrubs, Osvaldo Alberto Fernandez

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study addresses the nature of physiological and phenological evolutionary strategies of root growth dynamics and energy allocation followed by Atriplex confertifolia, Ceratoides lanata, and Artemisia tridentata growing in their natural cool desert environment.

Root observation chambers with inclined Plexiglass windows were installed in monospecific desert communities of Atriplex confertifolia, Ceratoides lanata and Artemisia tridentata. Soil temperature and water potential measurements taken immediately adjacent to the observation windows indicated a minimal disturbance was caused by the presence of these chambers. For the three species initiation of root growth was observed before initiation of shoot activity, furthermore, active root growth extended …

The Phenology And Control Of Dyers Woad (Isatis Tinctoria) In Northern Utah, William A. Varga

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this thesis is to describe dyers woad and to establish v means for control of the weed in northern Utah. Logan was chosen for studying germination of the weed, and interaction of dyers woad and alfalfa stands. Collinston was selected for screening trials of herbicides for the control of dyers woad. The thesis contains information on the phenology of dyers woad and suggestions for control of the weed.

Phosphorus Budget Of The Hyrum Reservoir - Little Bear River System, William A. Luce

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Phosphorus concentrations in the water of the Hyrum Reservoir - Little Dear River Watershed were determined by collecting 12 samples every two weeks over a seven month period and analyzing them for dissolved orthophosphate, total dissolved phosphorus, and total unfiltered phosphorus.

The concentrations obtained were used in conjunction with a water budget to determine a phosphorus budget. Apparent major inputs of phosphorus to the reservoir included a trout farm and runoff from agricultural land in the watershed.

Statistical analyses of the data were made to determine what effect precipitation, streamflow, and mileage downstream had on the concentrations of phosphorus in …

Rates Of Food Digestion By Brown Trout (Salmo Trutta) In The Blacksmith Fork River, Utah, John M. Salevurakis

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Digestion rates have been measured for brown trout (Salmo trutta Linn.) during summer, fall, winter and spring seasons on the Blacksmith Fork River, Utah. Exponential rates of digestion varied from a gradual rate of -0.2372 to an accelerated rate of -0.6808. Factors found to affect digestion rate most were water temperature and the amount of food in the stomach. The affect of temperature was not clearly isolated. However, the amount of food in the stomach, at the beginning of the digestion study, appeared to have the most pronounced effect. Four of the five digestion rate measurements, with high coefficients …

The Effects Of Herbicidal Spraying Upon A North Central Utah Blue Grouse Population, T. Barry Barnes

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The effects of herbicidal spraying upon a North Central Utah blue grouse population were studied. Baseline data were obtained in 1970 and 1971 prior to the spraying on June 2, 1972. The spraying was done to control wyethia (Wyethia amplexicaulis) and black sage (Artimesia nova) which covered 48 percent and 20 percent of the study area respectively.

No differences in blue grouse numbers occurred following spraying with 17 to 20 broods using the area in 1972 compared to 18 to 20 broods in 1971. Total population of blue grouse each year was between 90 and 104 …

Goals And Locus Of Control Of Female Delinquent And Non-Delinquent Juveniles, Geraldine Bates

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A comparison of perception of locus of control and identification of goals between delinquent and non-delinquent juvenile females was conducted.

The delinquent sample consisted of 20 female students at the Idaho State Youth Training Center. The non-delinquent sample consisted of 20 female students from two Idaho Public Secondary schools. The non-delinquent subjects were paired with the delinquent subjects as closely as possible according to age, religion, education, size and composition of family, and size of home town.

The instruments used were: (l) a background questionnaire, (2) a goal identification questionnaire, and (3) Rotter's I-E scale.

The difference between the mean …

Head Start And School Readiness, Robert Bruce Turner

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The effect of compensatory education was studied as it influences school readiness in preschool children. The research was conducted in the Logan and Providence areas of Cache County, Utah, with 44 children who had completed the kindergarten year of school. Twenty-two of the children had participated in the compensatory educational experience of Head Start prior to their kindergarten experience. It was found that there was not a significant difference between the Head Start children and their neighbors in terms of their performance on the Boehm Test of Basic Concepts. Therefore, in terms of school preparedness, the Head Start children seem …

Effects Of Fertilizers On Cultured Salt Marsh Plants, Ruppia And Chara, Scott Marshall Stenquist

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Widgeongrass (Ruppia maritima), muskgrass (Chara Sp.), and midge larvae (family Chironomidae) were grown under controlled greenhouse conditions using a solution of Logan tap water, 3000 ppm. sodium chloride, and an algicide-fungicide inhibiter. Soil, vegetation, and invertebrates came from a spring-fed marsh in western Utah. Ammonium sulfate, treble superphosphate, and sewage sludge fertilizers were applied to the plants at 5, 10, 20, 25, 50, 75, 100, and 300 pounds per acre equivalents of ammonium sulfate; 5, 25, 50, 75, 100, and 300 pounds per acre equivalents of treble superphsophate; and 5, 25, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500,700, and …

Characterization Of Selected Bacteria From The North Arm Of The Great Salt Lake, John L. Crane Jr.

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Thirteen bacterial cultures were isolated from the North arm of Great Salt Lake during the months of January and February of 1973. Eleven isolates were gram-negative pleomorphic rods which lysed in hypotonic solution. The remaining two were gram-positive cocci. All isolates and one known strain of Halobacterium salinarium were subjected to examination of morphological, cultural, physiological, and biochemical characteristics. A numerical taxonomic analysis was applied to the compiled characters to compute a coefficient of similarity for each individual isolate as compared to all other isolates. A comparative analysis was included in the similarity computation using characters assembled from those reported …

An Investigation Into The Design Qualities, Ecological Requirements, And Potential Use Of Some Native Trees And Shrubs Of The Mountains Of Northeastern Utah, Richard K. Sutton

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purposes of this paper are threefold: 1) To provide a justification for the increased use of native plants in mountain land development, not only in northeastern Utah, but in the entire western United States. 2) To investigate and delineate what the physical needs of a plant materials list are. 3) To provide a nearly comprehensive list of basically unused plants native to northeastern Utah and to highlight their landscaping potentials based on the earlier investigation.

Also touched upon, to help landscape architectural students and professionals alike, are two cursory case studies and a chapter which deals briefly with the …

Opinions Of Selected Utah High School Students And Teachers Toward Sports Competition, Carole C. Kimball

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study determined opinions of s elected eleventh grade high school girls and physical education teachers concerning intramural and interschool sports competition. The high school s in the study were randomly selected from the nine school districts located in the Wasatch Front Area of Utah.

The study revealed that girls end physic'31 education teachers in high schools in the Wasatch Front Area showed a significant interest in intramural and interschool competition for girls. The girls listed tennis as their first choice of sports that should be included in bath programs, followed by volleyball and swimming. Both students and teachers felt …

Characteristics And Genesis Of The Parleys And Mendon Soils Series In Northern Utah, Khalid I. Al-Amin

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The study was designed to test the genetic theory of soil development of two soils derived from different geological material, but developed under conditions of similar climate, topography, biological activity, and age. An attempt was made to relate the soils characteristics to their present classification. Parleys and Mendon series which developed from Bonneville and Salt Lake Formation, respectively, were selected for that purpose. Along the east side of Cache valley, two pedons representing each of the studied series were selected to have similar soil formers except for their parent material.

Evidently, these studied soils have been developed from different heterogenous …

A Study Concerning Sources Of Information And Knowledge About Fluoride In Logan, Milford, And Helper, Utah, Marilyn Lorraine Geddes

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A considerable amount of research has been conducted concerning the characteristics of people who are in favor of fluoridation. However, there is little information available as to what the electorate really knows about fluoride when they are forced to vote on this scientific issue.

Thus, the objectives of this study were to determine the general public's level of knowledge about fluoride, to discover what sources of information have been the greatest influence on their opinion and knowledge about fluoride, and to estimate the level of participation of dentists, general practitioners, pediatricians, and gynecologists in the education of Utahns about the …

Seasonal Changes Of Peach Flower Buds At The Ultrastructural Level, Yeh Feng

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study was conducted to gain a better understanding of the seasonal changes of Gleason Elberta peach flower buds at the cellular level. Peach buds were obtained from the Howell Experiment Station in Ogden, Utah. Samples were collected at weekly intervals from October 25th, 1971 to March 29th, 1972. When a killing frost precluded further sampling, the buds were preserved by standard electron microscopic techniques. Thin sections (500 to 700 A) of the cells around the ovarious cavity were examined with a Zeiss EM-9S-2A electron microscope.

From October 25th, 1971 to January 3rd, 1972, more heterochromatin than euchromatin was in …

Physiological Responses In Initial Psychological Interviews, Robert R. Perkinson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the physiological responses of subjects to an initial psychological interview, and to study the effect of physical proximity and touch on these responses. Heart rate and total skin conductance variability were the responses monitored. To assess the subjects' like or dislike of the psychologist interviewer, a measure of interpersonal attraction, the Interpersonal Judgment Scale, was employed. The California Psychological Inventory was utilized to investigate possible personality correlates with the physiological responses.

Sixty females, between the ages of 18 and 28, responded to the California Psychological Inventory and were then connected to the …

Effects Of Magnesium Deficiency On Discriminative Avoidance Behavior Of Rats, Mahlon B. Dalley

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this research was to develop and test a group of predictors that could be used by fundraisers to determine potential corporate support for environmental and recreational programs. Local surveys were conducted to determine environmental and recreational needs for Cache Valley and twenty interviews were held with local corporate managers. The information gathered in these interviews and the literature review provided a list of approximately 20 variables which were narrowed down to 10 to predict both the potential for giving and the level of giving.

A proposal for a youth training project was developed and local Forest Service …

The Production And Prevention Of Stomach Ulcers In Rodents, Eric H. Rudrud

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Rats given L-Ascorbic Acid in their drinking water prior to and during starvation did not develop severe ulceration in the glandular portion of their stomachs. Control rats which were either nontreated or given deactivated L-Ascorbic Acid developed severe stomach pathology on the starvation regimen.

The present study was based on the finding that food deprivation results in severe rumenal ulceration in rats. Given that L-AA is essential in maintaining tissue integrity and that ulcers are examples of tissue degeneration, the L-AA in large amounts could retard, or prevent, the formation of starvation induced stomach ulcers in rats.

The results show …

A Comparative Study Of Gpa Predictability Using The Japq And The Svib, Kathleen A. Peterson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this thesis was to compare the results from two vocational interest blanks, the Job Activity Preference Questionnaire (JAPQ) and the Strong Vocational Interest Blank (SVIB) in the prediction of grade point averages (GPA) for university students. An investigation was also made to determine if the variable vocational interest would contribute to a multiple r composed of American College Test (ACT) scores and GPA.

One hundred students were administered both instruments and predictions made of their GPA's after the completion of two quarters of classroom study and after the completion of the most recent quarter of classroom study. …

Determination Of Optimum Quality In Ground Turkey Formulation, Juntip Chongdarakul

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Ground turkey samples were prepared with different fat levels, fat types, percent mechanically deboned meat and grind. All samples were analyzed at three different time-intervals. Samples were evaluated by chemical, sensory, and physical measurements, in term of stability, water content, fat content, press fluid, water loss, flavor, texture, and hedonic values. Significant differences were determined by analysis of variance.

Coarse ground (5/8") samples showed significantly higher TBA numbers, fat content, total loss, and juiciness. Water content, flavor scores, amount of press fluid, texture scores, and hedonic scores were lower when compared to the fine and medium ground samples.

Results of …

Biochemical And Physiological Studies On Phytotoxicity Of Selected Pesticides And Allergens During Seed Germination Of Some Food Crops, R. R. Dalvi

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Germination of mung bean, Phaseolus mungo L. , and wheat, Triticum aestivum L., seeds was used for bioassay to demonstrate the toxic effects of selected pesticides--menazon, disulfoton, and GS-14254-- and allergens-- alantolactone and usnic acid. The ability of gibberellic acid to counteract the toxic effects of these chemicals on germination and seedling growth was studied. Chemical composition of the treated and untreated seeds was made with special attention to starch and protein degradation. Effect of these toxicants on the synthesis of amylase, ATPase, and protease enzymes during germination was studied since these enzymes are synthesized de novo during germination. To …

Economic Feasibility Of Controlling Big Sagebrush (Artemisia Tridentata) On State And Private Rangelands In Utah, Stan D. Hinckley

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Spraying with the chemical herbicide 2,4-D is the most widely used method of controlling big sagebrush. Spraying is very effective in increasing forage production and generally is not poisonous to either man or animals.

Two procedures can be used to calculate the internal rate of return to big sagebrush control: standard and modified discounting. Standard discounting assumes all nonuse costs are incurred in the year of treatment, and the annual income stream is constant throughout the effective life of treatment. Modified discounting correctly assumes the nonuse cost is incurred in the period of deferment, and the income stream does not …

Anatomical Effects Of Dicamba On Pea Root Tissues, Brent George Ovard

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Peas (Pisum sativum L. Var Alaska) were allowed to absorb calcium and magnesium chloride for 8 hours and then were germinated in a potassium phosphate buffer pH 6.5 for 40 hours. Peas were then treated with 0, 0.1, 0.3, or 0.5 ppm dicamba (3,6-dichloro-o-anisic acid) and harvested at 24, 48, and 72 hour intervals. The following determinations were recorded: root elongation, nuclear volume, and anatomical modifications.

Root elongation recordings showed that dicamba prevented normal root elongation. Treatments induced very short thick primary roots.

Measurements of nuclear volume indicated that all herbicide concentrations were able to reduce the …

A Study Of The Radiation Quality Under Plant Canopies In The Wave Range 0.4 To 2.5 Microns, Nolasco G. Baldazo

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The spectral distribution of the global radiation from 0.4 to 2.5 microns penetrating deciduous and coniferous canopies were measured during clear days between 10 a.m. and 2 p.m. using a double-quartz monochromator.

In the visible region (0.4 to 0.7 micron) the average relative spectral transmissions under both canopies are about one percent beginning at 0.4 micron and decreasing to about half a percent at 0.67 micron. There is only a small peak in the green (0.55 micron) transmission under deciduous stands while there is none under coniferous canopies. The slightly higher transmission in the blue (0.4 micron) is attributed to …

An Evaluation Of In-Stream Structures Designed To Provide Fish Habitat, Charles H. Call Jr.

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In-stream concrete structures were studied through model tests and river tests. The model studies indicated that four designs provided good habitat in the model stream. These structures were the inverted weir, the "V" structure, the slab with legs and the cylinder. Through the river studies it was determined that these structures did not influence enough of the total river area to be effective in providing good fish habitat. Also an appreciable amount of yearly maintenance would be required to free the structures from silting in, debris, and vandalism. The slab with legs was the only promising structure.

Influence Of Soil Water Potential And Environment On The Internal Water Status Of Grasses, Ray W. Brown

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The water relations of two grass species, smooth brome (Bromus inermis Leyss.) and intermediate wheatgrass (Agropyron intermedium (Host) Beauv.), were studied under a range of environmental conditions in a growth chamber. The environmental conditions included three temperature regimes (day/night temperatures of 15/10, 20/15, and 25/20 degrees centigrade), and three vapor pressure deficits within each temperature regime (6.2, 8.8, and 11.4 millimeters of mercury). Short wave radiation was maintained at 0.5 calories per square centimeter per minute with a 14 hour photoperiod, and wind speed was constant at 45 centimeters per second.

Six plants of each species were studied …

Absorption, Translocation And Metabolism Of 1,3-Dichloropropene In Selected Plants, David L. Berry

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The absorption, translocation and metabolism of 1,3-dichloropropene (a soil fumigant) in bush beans, tomato and carrot was studied under growth chamber and greenhouse conditions using solution culture, vermiculite and sand. Absorption was monitored using gas chromatographic analysis and isotope techniques. Plants were shown to absorb a maximum amount of dichloropropene by 24 to 48 hr from solution culture and vermiculite. The plant absorbed and translocated 1,3-dichlorpropene-¹⁴C-U readily to aerial parts of the plant.

Bush beans, tomatoes and carrots absorbed and translocated 3-chlorallyl alcohol-¹⁴C-U from solution culture and vermiculite. Levels of 3-chloroallyl alcohol reached maximum at 24 …

Internal Water Potential Of An Engelmann Spruce Stand In Relation To Soil And Atmospheric Factors, Richard L. Meyn

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The primary objective of this study was to determine the degree of correlation between internal water potential of Engelmann spruce trees and selected environmental factors. The secondary objective of the study was to determine the effect of summer precipitation, both in meadow and forested sites, on the soil drying cycle.

Four study plots (each roughly 154 square meters) under spruce cover and two study plots (100 square meters) in a small meadow were established. At each spruce plot, a thermocouple psychrometer was installed at one meter above the ground on the north side of three selected, mature Engelmann spruce trees. …

Bromegrass Productivity In Relation To Precipitation, Shrub Canopy Cover And Soil Nitrogen Content, Lawrence G. Kline

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In seasons of above normal precipitation, populations of annual weedy species increase in great abundance in semi-arid desert plant communities. These increases in biomass tie up a considerable portion of the available nitrogen of such ecosystems and may depress subsequent annual grass germination.

A big sagebrush-annual bromegrass plant community was irrigated to simulate a spring growth period of abundant precipitation amenable to annual bromegras s productivity. Productivity and nitrogen content parameters were monitored throughout the spring and summer to evaluate the short and potential long term effects of this seasonal increase in "precipitation".

Irrigation increased annual bromegrass productivity almost 50 …