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An Experiment To Determine If Teacher Preparation In A Small High School Can Be Reduced By Alternating Class Scheduling, John Carl Tuft

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine if by alternating certain classes biennially the number of different teaching preparations could be reduced thus decreasing the teachers' load. The study also attempted to ascertain the effect this type of scheduling had upon the attitudes of teachers and students toward these classes. A further attempt was made to determine if mixing students from two grade levels resulted in the younger student being penalized with respect to his cumulative grade point average.

The significant conclusions that can be drawn from the results follow:

Teachers, generally, thought well of the project and desires …

Internal Versus External Control Of Reinforcement As A Variant Of Concern For The Teacher And Counselor, Neldon Devere Kingston

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Rotter's (1954, 1960, 1964) social learning theory suggests that a reinforcement acts to strengthen an expectancy. These expectancies may differ from situation to situation; however, it is postulated (Rotter, 1960) that they bear a direct relationship to the potential occurrence of a behavior. Furthermore,

"...it is presumed that the relationship between goal preference (reinforcement value) and behavior can be determined only by introducing the concept of the individual's expectancy, on the basis of past history, that the given behavior will actually lead to a satisfying outcome rather than to punishment, failure, or, more generally, to negative reinforcement." (Rotter, 1960, p. …

A Method For Quantifying The Effects Of Apomorphine Upon The Gnawing Syndrome Of The Rat, Paul Robinson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Various methods were tried in an attempt to obtain a technique for quantifying the gnawing effects of apomorphine on rats. A technique using a restraining tube was developed.

Under a 2 milligram per kilogram intraperitoneal injection of apomorphine, four female Long Evans hooded rats were placed on continuous and fixed reinforcement schedules using a gnawable pine block. Subjects would learn to turn their heads away from the gnawable object in order to obtain 15 seconds of gnawing time. The rate of response increased from less than one response in 5 minutes to over 3 responses per minute in 10 one-half …

Control Of Behavior Through Reinforcement Menus, Gary Lyndle Holt

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Reinforcement menus were used to change response probabilities while maintaining control over two ''trainable," female, mentally retarded children.

An empirically determined reinforcement menu representing high probability behaviors, five for S₁ and four for S₂, was used in a contingency management system. Instructions were given concerning the contingencies for obtaining reinforcement. Subjects were allowed the opportunity to engage in a high probability behavior only after successful completion of fixed units of reading or arithmetic tasks. After stable performance was established, four additional menus were prepared to approximate in increasing degree, low probability behavior. Measurements were taken of task …

The Effects Of Response Set On The Structured-Objective Rorschach Test, Richard Y. Moody

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The normal forced-choice Structured-Objective Rorschach Test (SORT) and a modified free-choice SORT were administered to sixty high school students to determine the effects of response set (e.g. social desirability). The results were inconclusive. The following trends, however, were observed: (1) The free-choice modification was more resistant to response set distortion than the normal forced-choice SORT. (2) The free-choice administration showed greater flexibility in enhancement and resistance to social desirability. (3) There was little sex difference in factor scores with respect to choice administration. Females, however, gave more responses than males on the free-choice SORT.

A Comparison Of Intellectually Normal Children, Mentally Retarded Adolescents, And Mentally Retarded Adults On A Three Dimensional Concept Formation Sorting Task, James C. Kamprud

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purposes of this study were: (1) to compare nine groups of subjects composed of intellectually normal children, mentally retarded adolescents, and mentally retarded adults on a three dimensional concept formation task; (2) to determine the effects of discrimination training on the sortings of the nine groups on the experimental task.

The 207 subjects of this study were divided into nine groups. Seven of the groups, consisting of high average and low average grade 3, superior high average, and low average grade 6, and high and low adolescent retardates were chosen on the bases of school grade level (3, 6, …

Guarded And Unguarded Responses To Sentence Completion Tests Among Normal Adolescents And Juvenile Delinquents, Mohammed K. Fazel

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study was designed to test the responses of a group of juvenile delinquests and a group of normal adolescents to a sentence completion test. The test used was a modified form of Sack's Sentence Completion test in two forms--form A, first person stems and form B, third person stems. The hypothesis to be tested were (1) people project more in the third person, (2) the normal projects more, and (3) there would be no difference in projection on neutral items. The results bear out the three hypothesis. The sex scale, however, was an exception. This may be due to …

Relationship Between Self-Concept Discrepancies And The Expression Of Need Achievement In Children, Ian Griggs

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that a significant relationship exists between self-concept discrepancies and expressed need for achievement.

A self-concept discrepancy score was obtained and a low and high discrepancy group was isolated.

Expressed need for achievement was measured by the use of the Thematic Apperception Test and scored according to the Atkinson method.

Mean comparisons of need achievement scores of subjects whose discrepancies between actual and ideal self-concept were in the upper or lower one-third of the distribution were found not to be significant at the 5 percent level of confidence.

The Relationship Of Delinquent Types In An Industrial School Setting To Personality-Motivation Profiles, Lester A. Carlson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The author serves as Director of Education of the Utah State Industrial School, a school charged with the responsibility for the custody and treatment of delinquents committed to its care from the juvenile courts of the state. For many years he has been concerned about the personality structure of the children committed to the care of the Industrial School. He became particularly interested in the possibility that there is a definable relationship between types of delinquent acts and personality-motivation profiles. Further motivation was given to this interest when he received an answer to some correspondence from a colleague of Dr. …

The Influence Of Hot Brine On The Calcium Content, Score, And Physical Properties Of Low-Fat, Cheddar-Like Cheese, Robert V. Ogden

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Two factors that are important in the production of the typical body and texture of cheddar cheese are acid development and milk fat content. When either of these is absent or present in less-than-normal amounts, the resulting cheese shows marked defects of curdiness and firmness.

When acid development in a vat of cheese is arrested, it is referred to as a "dead" vat. The cheese from this vat may be salvaged by use of the hot brine method of treatment. Hot brine treated cheese, although lacking the desired acid development, is a reasonably acceptable product, having the desired characteristics of …

Heat Denaturation Of Serum Proteins In Skimmilk And Whey As Measured By The Harland-Ashworth Test, Lynn Verl Ogden

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Milk serum proteins have been shown by other workers to be partially protected from heat denaturation by the presence of milk solids (8, 15, 16) and whole caseinate (14). This study revealed that some serum proteins (B-lactoglobulin), as shown by the Harland-Ashworth test (14, 17), were more readily denatured in skimmilk than in rennet whey. A comparison of the heat denaturation rate of serum proteins in whey as opposed to those in whey containing 2.5 percent isoelectric casein was also studied. A striking protection of serum proteins seemed apparent in the presence of isoelectric casein. However, it was learned that …

Determination Of Estrone, 17b-Estradiol And Estriol In Urine Of Young Adults, Shiao-Fan Lee

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A study was made of the urinary excretion of estrogens of healthy university students consuming self-selected diets living under home conditions (4 men and 5 women). Two 31-day test periods were used. During the two test periods, two meal patterns were used; three meals a day or two meals a day with no lunch. Weight was kept constant. Calories, protein, carbohydrate, and fat of their diets were calculated.

Urine specimens were collected twice a week, and additional samples were also collected on specified days for female subjects. Urinary estrogens were determined by using Brown's method (1955, 1957) with some modifications. …

Influence Of Phosphate Compounds On Certain Fungi And Preservative Effects Of The Compounds On Fresh Cherry Fruit (Prunus Cerasus, L.), William Sidney Coblentz

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Studies were conducted using four phosphate compounds: sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium tetraphosphate, and tetrasodium pyrophosphate at 1, 5, and 10 per cent concentrations to ascertain their effects on fresh cherries, as well as their in vitro antimycotic effects against Botrytis sp., Penicillium expansum, and Rhizopus nigricans.

A. summary of the findings are as follows:

1. Sodium tetraphosphate appeared to be the most effective antimycotic compound used in this investigation. A 10 per cent concentration of sodium tetraphosphate appeared to be the most effective antimycotic compound used in this investigation. A 10 per cent concentration of sodium tetraphosphate inhibited …

Effect Of Large Doses Of Nicotinic Acid On The Lipid Composition Of Serum, Shu Hua Chen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Although much information is available in which the cholesterol level and concentration of other lipids in serum have been studied, only limited data have been reported for normal human adults and concentrations of fatty acids composition of lipid classes in serum. In recent study in this laboratory, five male adults who were in good health served as experimental subjects. They were on a self-chosen diet and received a test dose of Nicospan (buffered nicotinic acid) of 2 gm per day for three weeks of a six-week test period. About 30 ml of venous blood were obtained twice weekly from each …

Lipid Composition Of Human Red Blood Cells And White Blood Cell-Platelets With And Without Administration Of Nicotinic Acid, Nuggehalli Narayan Tara

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Five normal, healthy, men (age 33-42) served as experimental subjects. The subjects were on self-chosen diets and received a test-dose of buffered nicotinic acid (Nico-Span in capsule form) of 2 gm daily for three weeks, from the second through the fourth weeks, of the six and one-half week test period. About 30 ml of venous blood was obtained twice weekly from each subject, after an overnight fast of at least 12 hours. Each subject collected a 24-hour urine sample of the day prior to the blood sampling and also kept a record of food eaten.

The blood was separated into …

Serum Lipid Components Of University Women During The Menstrual Cycle, Hih-Min Sang

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Four healthy university women students (age 21-26) while on self-selected diets and living under normal living conditions served as experimental subjects in a study of changes of serum total lipids, distribution of lipid classes, and the fatty acid composition of lipid fractions during the menstrual cycle. Effect of meal frequency (2 meals vs 3 meals with no breakfast) was also included.

Total lipids were extracted from serum. Chemical determinations of total lipids, total and free cholesterols, and lipid phosphorous were made on these extracts. Concentration of cholesterol esters and phospholipids were calculated and triglycerides plus free fatty acids were calculated …

Venison Flavor: The Free Fatty Acid Content Of Fat From Lean Meat Tissue, Von T. Mendenhall

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Millions of pounds of venison are harvested each year in the United States. Over 12,000,000 pounds of dressed venison are harvested during the regular season each year in the State of Utah. The hunters of venison contribute approximately 10 1/2 billion dollars to the economy of the state for licenses, lodging, transportation, and other expense of hunting. In many cases this source of meat is a significant part of the household meat supply. Venison is often wasted, however, because of its undesirable flavor. The lack of knowledge as to the causes of variation in venison flavor has prompted this study. …

Serum Alpha-Tocopherol, Cholesterol, And Total Lipid Values And Unsaturation Of Lipids In 33- To 60-Year Old Adults On Self-Selected Diets At Different Levels Of Polyunsaturated Fat, Marjorie Miner Christiansen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The levels and weekly variations of certain lipid components were investigated in healthy adults, 33 to 60 years of age, on self-selected diets under home-living conditions with and without an increased proportion of polyunsaturated fats for a period of 26 weeks. Ten individuals served as controls and 16 were assigned to the experimental diet. Each of the groups contained an equal number of men and women. The experimental diet provided a ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acids of approximately one, with the substitution of vegetable oils for animal fats within the normal eating patterns of the participants. The control …

Effects Of Dehydration Processes With Special Reference To Microwave Irradiation On Selected Biochemical And Physical Changes In Apples (Pyrus Malus), Fredoon Shahin Nury

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Many innovations have been attempted to shorten drying time or improve dehydration techniques for foods. Despite the recent advances in science and technology the bulk of dried fruit production throughout the world, over 1 1/2 billion tons (dry basis), is prepared by the energy of the sun (Copley and Van Arsdel, 1964). However, other techniques and processes for food dehydration and preservation are occupying more prominent positions in the overall production of dehydrated foods, particularly in the more advanced countries. Economics notwithstanding, it is readily apparent that dehydration as compared to sun-drying offers at least two main advantages. It is …

Amino Acids As Precursors Of Volatile Components In Tomato Fruit, Ming-Ho Yu

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The composition of tomato fruit at nine different maturity stages was studied. The dry matter content decreased gradually, whereas the alcohol soluble material and non-protein nitrogen increased with ripening. Total nitrogen decreased up to the large green stage and then increased during ripening. Starch accumulated until nearly the large green stage and then diminished rapidly. Of the two components of starch, amylose decreased much faster than amylopectin, and the ratios of amylopectin and amylose thus increased during ripening. Among the amino acids, glutamic acid was present in an exceptionally high concentration, and its concentration doubled as the fruit ripened. A …

Comparative Effects Of Dehydration Processes On Physico-Chemical Changes In Fruits, Chang Yong Lee

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Drying with the help of sun and wind is one of the oldest methods of food preservation known to man, but artificial drying, or dehydration, has been developed and used extensively only during the last two decades. The problem in dehydration is that the water content must be decreased sufficiently to maintain the stability of the product by retarding the rates of deteriorative biochemical, microbiological, and enzymatic reactions during subsequent storage. At the same time irreversible changes should not be brought about.

The Ecology Of The Black-Bellied Tree Duck In Southern Texas, Eric George Bolen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The black-bellied tree duck (Dendracygna autumnalis) is one of eight tree ducks (whistling ducks) in the genus Dendracygna. This group shares enough characteristics--reticulated tarsus and symmetrical syrinx structure, among others--with the swans and geese to warrant a common subfamily, Anserinae of the waterfowl family Anatidae. DeIacour and Mayr (1945) make a tribal distinction, however, between the tree ducks (Dendracygnini) and the swans and geese (Anserini) based, in part, an differences in size, vertebrae number, and downy plumage. These same authors remark that the tree ducks are the least known of the waterfowl largely because there are no …

A Photographic Record Of Selected Industries Of Box Elder County, Robert E. Jensen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This thesis is primarily a photographic study of past and present industries of Box Elder County, Utah. A variety of industries have been established in this county since it was first settled in 1851. This study illustrates the varying degrees of growth and recession of industries within the county and also depicts the many changes in industry over the past century.

The main purpose of the study was to gather photographs and pertinent information concerning the major industries of the county. It was proposed that this material would be useful to industrial arts teachers in their responsibility of presenting industry …

Comparison Of Mosaic Responses Of Disadvantaged And Advantaged Preschool Children, Renée Ostler

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Developmental age differences were studied between a group of Head Start children and a group of preschool children attending the Utah State University Child Development Laboratory. The Lowenfeld Mosaic Test was used to make distinctions between the child whose developmental age was below his age in years. The results were compared to the four-year and five-year chronological age level of the Armes and Ilg scoring criteria.

Although behavior in response to the Mosaic test developed in the same way for both the disadvantaged children and the advantaged children, the products or Mosaic designs of the disadvantaged children were less mature …

The Impact Of European Economic Integration On Israel's Export Of Oranges In 1970, Moshe Gottlieb

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This thesis is an attempt to evaluate quantitatively as well as qualitatively possible future developments in international trade of oranges and tangerines, and the possible impact of these developments on the export of oranges and tangerines by Israel.

After World War II, international trade in oranges and tangerines increased rapidly, mostly as a result of the rapid rise in standards of living and the improvements in diet habits which took place in many countries at that time. These favorable marketing conditions encouraged the planting of new groves in the citrus growing areas of the world and particularly those of the …

Survey Of The Use Of Consumer Credit By Members Of The Utah State University Staff, Neelkantha Manohar Kibe

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A study was made of the use of credit by a randomly selected sample of the Utah State University staff personnel during 1964 and 1965. The information was obtained by means of a questionnaire.

The major objective of the study was to examine the relationship between income and consumer debt with specific reference to reasons underlying the demand for consumer credit, the relationships between amount of consumer credit and variables such as family income, family size, age of family head and amount of liquid assets, and the nature of the demand function for consumer credit.

Analysis of the information supplied …

An Investigation Of Methods For Estimating Marginal Values Of Irrigation Water, Richard L. Johnson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Marginal values of water used in irrigation are needed if water is to be optimally allocated among alternative uses. Cobb-Douglas production function analysis and linear programming methods were studied in this investigation to find their fruit-fulness in predicting these marginal values. The theoretical properties of both methods indicate that they are conceptually capable of yielding valid marginal value estimates for irrigation water.

Further investigation of the two methods was carried out as an empirical test in the Milford area of Utah. Marginal values of water used for irrigation in that area were estimated by both procedures. Although inviolable criteria for …

The Iowa Tests Of Educational Development As Predictors Of Academic Success At Utah State University, James Vance Hendricks

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Academic achievement at Utah State University was predicted for a sample of students from Cache County, Utah, high schools. Predictor variables were grade point averages for grades ten-twelve and the ten scores of the Iowa Tests of Educational Development.

Criteria included grade point ave rages after one quarter of college and after each college year. Simple correlation coefficients between high school and college grades ranged from .655 to .706, with a median of .676 and a mean of .677, Simple correlation coefficients between scores on the Iowa Tests of Educational Development and college grades ranged from .366 to, 566, with …

The Effect Of Changing Temperatures On Hardiness, Respiration, And Intensity Of Rest Of Dormant Peach And Apricot Buds, Anthony H. Hatch

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

studies were conducted to better understand the influence of temperature on the rest period of dormant peach and apricot buds. Gleason Elberta peach and Chinese apricot trees in the field at Howell Experiment Station in Ogden were used to evaluate rest intensity, respiration, and cold hardiness in relation to temperature.

A rest intensity curve was obtained for both species using various concentrations of gibberellic acid. It was found that temperature had no direct effect on the depth of rest and that the depth of rest had no measurable influence on respiration and cold hardiness.

Respiration of flower and leaf buds …

Demographic Analysis Of A Northern Utah Black-Tailed Jackrabbit Population, Jack E. Gross

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this report is to describe (1) the demographic pattern of a black-tailed jackrabbit (Lopus californicus) population in 450-square-mile Curlow Valley, northern Utah and southern Idaho, during the period April, 1962 through March, 1965; and (2) the methodology developed to obtain the data on which the description is based. The research discussed here occupied the first 3 years of a projected, long-range study of the population ecology of the species in this area with special attention to the mechanics and causes of short-term fluctuations.