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Respiratory Metabolism And Energy Requirements Of Embryo, Larval And Juvenile Mountain Whitefish, Prosopium Williamsoni, Pokkavil Karunakara Rajagopal

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The upper optimum temperature for embryonic development of mountain whitefish is 6 C, and for the post yolk sac stage is 9 to 12 C. The need to know effects on all stages in the life cycle in cases of thermal pollution is demonstrated. Abnormalities caused by thermal pollution in hatched larvae were agape jaws, coloboma or fissure of the eye, monophthalmia or the presence of only one eye, monomicrophthalmia or the presence of one small eye and one case of twinning. High mortalities of eggs occurred at 9 C and higher.

Study of the energy expenditure, by the dry …

Factors Influencing Germination And Seedling Survival Of Several Varieties Of Astragalus Lentiginosus Dougl., Paul Ziemkiewicz

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Astragalus lentiginosus, which consists of 36 varieties, is one of the principal locoweeds of western North America. The objectives of this study included identification of some of the major factors affecting germination of the seed and survival of the newly established seedlings for several of these varieties.

The seeds of the varieties studied exhibited two mechanisms for dormancy. One is a seed coat that is impermeable to water, and the other is a water-leachable inhibitor. The presence or absence of low-intensity incandescent light (in 14-hour day lengths) had no effect on germination. Of three temperature regimes studied, the regime …

Exploratory Sensitivity Analysis Of A Stream Ecosystem Model, Joseph H. Wlosinski

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The framework of a stream ecosystem simulation model is described. Using this framework and data from two different geographical areas, a cold desert stream and a generalized mountain stream, exploratory sensitivity analysis was performed on the model. This was accomplished by qualitatively comparing outputs of a series of simulations in which a different level of a driving variable was used in each simulation. Based on these results, recommendations are made for improving the structure of the model.

Gas Exchange And Water Relations Of Two Alpine And Two Arctic Tundra Plant Species, Douglas Allan Johnson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Although water stress is an important selective force in many environments, it is not commonly considered to be of particular importance in tundra areas. Even though large portions of tundra may have an abundance of water, other more exposed areas may become quite dry. This microsite variability with respect to moisture stress was reflected in soil water potential measurements obtained from an alpine tundra area on Niwot Ridge in Colorado. Even though soil water potentials were consistently above -5 bars in a relatively low lying Deschampsia meadow, soil water potentials from an exposed fellfield area were often as low as …

Performance On An Anagram Task As A Function Of Experimenter Status And Subject Dogmatism, Michele Ballering

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of experimenter status and subject dogmatism on anagram solving. The subjects were 90 college students. Only those subjects scoring in the upper or lower thirds on the Dogmatism Scale were utilized. The same experimenter was described as being of either high or low status in each class. In the low status condition, the experimenter was introduced as a student making up an incomplete, while in the high status condition, the experimenter was introduced as a Doctoral student doing research for a Federal Grant Agency. Therefore, four experimental groups were formed …

The Influence Of Roots On The Accuracy Of Soil-Moisture Measurements Taken With A Neutron Moisture Meter, Terry L. Andreessen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The effects of roots on soil-moisture measurements taken with a neutron probe were studied. These effects were observed under three different soil-moisture conditions, with different sized roots, and with varying distances between the access tube and root. The moisture conditions used were air dry, field capacity, and saturated.

Large roots can greatly affect neutron soil-moisture measurements when the access hole is drilled through the root. Positive errors as large as 52 percent were found when the soil moisture was at field capacity. With dry and saturated conditions positive errors of 43 percent and 38 percent respectively, were found.

In most …

Response Selectivity As A Function Of Developmental Activity Level, Wilford William Beck Iii

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Research in hyperactivity has been primarily concerned with demonstrating casual relationships with cerebral dysfunction of the effects of drugs on improving learning performance. Studies which have attempted to focus on other factors influencing learning performance have demonstrated IQ and perceptual motor differences between hyperactive and normal children.

More recently Koegel and Covert have shown that, among a group of autistic children, over-selectivity of components from stimulus complex may adversely influence learning performance on a simultaneous discrimination task. There have been no demonstrations of this phenomena with hyperactive children.

The present study employed a simultaneous discrimination task composed of two stimulus …

The Effects Of Increment And Decrement Manipulations On Titration Level Under Interlocking Progressive-Ratio Schedules Of Reinforcement, Dennis Lorbin Nunes

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Generally human titration performance under schedules of reinforcement has not been investigated. In an attempt to examine the variables which control titration, an interlocking progressive-ratio schedule was devised. Under an interlocking progressive-ratio schedule, the number of responses required for reinforcement increases by a constant (the increment value) after every ratio, but during each ratio the response requirement can be lowered (the decrement value) by emitting pauses of a specified duration (the stepdown duration).

The first experiment sought to determine if children would titrate when exposed to interlocking progressive-ratio schedules. Although three of the four subjects did not show evidence of …

An Investigation Of Oral Stereognosis And Articulation In Sighted And Blind Children, Mariette Johnson Milbrandt

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this investigation was to determine if a significant difference exists between oral stereognosis skills of blind and sighted children. The possibility of a relationship between oral stereognosis and articulation was also explored in both the sighted and blind populations. A group of twenty-four blind and a group of twenty-four sighted subjects between the ages of seven and twenty were divided into subgroups of those having normal speech and those with defective articulation. There were twelve subjects in each subgroup. A 20-item test of oral stereognosis (NIDR forms) was administered to each subject and error scores taken.

Results …

An Analysis Of Participation And Leadership In A College Seminar, Hugh J. Phillips

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The task of this research was to describe the rates and patterns of verbal behavior emitted in a college seminar, under two leadership conditions, teacher leadership and student leadership. The subjects were 12 college students and the course's associate professor. The data were gathered by using R. F. Bale's interaction process analysis. Results indicate that rates of verbal behavior and numbers and rates of paired student-to-student interaction were higher under student leadership than under teacher leadership. In addition, there was a more equitable distribution of responses under student leadership than under teacher leadership.

A Longitudinal Study On The Effects Of Stopping Out, Robert Dean Smith

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Inquiries have been made by the Carnegie Commission on Higher Education and the United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare to determine how colleges and universities could meet the financial crisis now being faced. One of the recommendations made by both agencies as a result of their investigations was that curriculum planners at these institutions provide students with opportunities to have off-campus experiences, preferably in their chosen career areas, before they are graduated to determine whether they want to pursue their studies in that area or reorient themselves to other options. These planned stopouts, they suggested, would curtail drifting …

Formation And Anatomical Distribution Of Chlorophyll And Glycoalkaloids In Potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.) Tubers And Their Control By Physical And Chemical Treatments, Robert Bruce Jeppsen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Applications of growth regulators and modifications of light exposures were investigated regarding their abilities to curtail the normal development of chlorophyll and glycoalkaloids in potato tubers responding to light. Four growth regulators were sprayed on the foliage of potato plants 14 days prior to harvest, of which two (Ethephon and N⁶-Benzyladenine [N6BA]) successfully retarded chlorophyll and glycoalkaloids in the harvested tubers. When tubers were dipped in N6BA, lower concentrations of the chemical promoted glycoalkaloid formation, while larger amounts were more inhibitory. When fluorescent lights were directed through colored cellophane filters, tubers receiving yellow and orange illuminations were inhibited …

The Development Of An Index Of Food Quality, Ann Woolley Sorenson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to develop a food quality index that can provide practical information to both consumers and professional people. The Index of Food Quality (IFQ) is a simple computerized tool based on a concept of nutrient density. The IFQ was designed to organize and clarify the present body of food composition data into a form that is directly applicable to dietary problems.

The IFQ provides a method of analyzing food quality based on energy needs. The nutrient contents of foods are compared to essential nutrient standards with calories as a common denominator. In developing the IFQ, …

Resource Allocation And Factor Substitution In Guayas Basin Rice Production, Gary Scott Glen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The primary objective of this study was to examine changes in resource productivity and factor shares as irrigation was introduced on small rice farms using traditional management techniques.

Average output on irrigated farms was double that of dry farms. This was because irrigated farms produced two crops as opposed to one crop on farms without irrigation. Examination of marginal products showed that farmers with irrigation could profitably use more land. Dry farmers could profitably use more labor. The low labor input and high MP of labor on dry farms occurs because these farmers are undercapitalized and are obliged to accept …

Goals And Locus Of Control Of Female Delinquent And Non-Delinquent Juveniles, Geraldine Bates

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A comparison of perception of locus of control and identification of goals between delinquent and non-delinquent juvenile females was conducted.

The delinquent sample consisted of 20 female students at the Idaho State Youth Training Center. The non-delinquent sample consisted of 20 female students from two Idaho Public Secondary schools. The non-delinquent subjects were paired with the delinquent subjects as closely as possible according to age, religion, education, size and composition of family, and size of home town.

The instruments used were: (l) a background questionnaire, (2) a goal identification questionnaire, and (3) Rotter's I-E scale.

The difference between the mean …

The Influence Of Selected Socio-Economic Factors On Consumer Awareness, Virginia Anne Dickinson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The influence of selected socioeconomic factors on the consumer awareness of women was investigated. An instrument was developed to measure the consumer awareness of individuals. The three areas assessed were awareness of existing problems in the marketplace, awareness of laws that control these problems and sources of help for the consumer when she encounters these problems.

A profile of a woman with low consumer awareness was constructed from the results of the data collected In the study. She will have an annual income of less than $8,000; she will have a high school education or less; her husband will be …

Effects Of Magnesium Deficiency On Discriminative Avoidance Behavior Of Rats, Mahlon B. Dalley

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this research was to develop and test a group of predictors that could be used by fundraisers to determine potential corporate support for environmental and recreational programs. Local surveys were conducted to determine environmental and recreational needs for Cache Valley and twenty interviews were held with local corporate managers. The information gathered in these interviews and the literature review provided a list of approximately 20 variables which were narrowed down to 10 to predict both the potential for giving and the level of giving.

A proposal for a youth training project was developed and local Forest Service …

Development Of A Systems Approach For Training In Counseling Psychology, Alan Gettis

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The profession of counseling psychology has, for a long time, realized the need for reevaluating and improving traditional methods of training counselors. The major professional demands have been (1) a science-based approach to the training counselors; and (2) a more experientially oriented approach to the training of counselors. This study represented a developmental effort geared towards the integration of the above two demands.

Seven experientially oriented modular instructional units were developed for use in a counselor education program. Units were developed on (1) what counseling and psychotherapy are; (2) history of counseling and psychotherapy; (3) counselor attitudes; (4) interviewing skills …

The Cost Of A Home Economics Food Program In The State Of Utah, Joyce Leavitt Winterton

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purposes of this paper are to provide a guid.e line for determining the budget for a Consumer and Homemaking foods program in the secondary schools of Utah, and to suggest some food buying procedures. In order to achieve these purposes, questionnaires were sent to the 167 ,junior and senior high schools in the state. Of the questionnaires returned, 99 were complete enough to be utilized for the study; 48 were from junior high schools and 51 from senior high schools. For analysis the schools were grouped according to whether they were a junior or senior high school and then …

Opinions Of Selected Utah High School Students And Teachers Toward Sports Competition, Carole C. Kimball

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study determined opinions of s elected eleventh grade high school girls and physical education teachers concerning intramural and interschool sports competition. The high school s in the study were randomly selected from the nine school districts located in the Wasatch Front Area of Utah.

The study revealed that girls end physic'31 education teachers in high schools in the Wasatch Front Area showed a significant interest in intramural and interschool competition for girls. The girls listed tennis as their first choice of sports that should be included in bath programs, followed by volleyball and swimming. Both students and teachers felt …

Economic Analysis Of The Agricultural Sector In Santa Cruz, Bolivia, Enrique Gómez

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A linear programming technique is used to calculate the land allocation that maximizes the returns to the agricultural producers in the provinces Santisteban, Sara, Warnes, Ibanez, and Ichilo, in the department of Santa Cruz, Bolivia, under different sets of prices.

All the input requirements per unit of land and average expected yields are estimated from survey data collected from farmers in Bolivia. Constraints on availability of land and labor are also estimated.

Seven crops are included in the model: soybeans, wheat, cotton, yuca, sugar cane, rice, and corn.

The model is first examined under the set of prices that existed …

Economics Of Land Use Planning--Utah Recreational Subdivisions, 1962-72, Donald William (Sandy) Mac Pherson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Economic and environmental inventory and evaluation were made of Utah recreational subdivisions filed with the state from 1962 through 1972. Major data were collected from standard subdivision questionnaires, filed by developers with Utah Real Estate Division, Department of Business Regulation. Study included 62,716 lots, 238,004 acres, and a value, in terms of developers' projected gross sales, of $211,836,550 in 1972 dollars.

Description of Utah recreational urbanization included: community services such as water supply and sanitation, drainage and flooding, fire protection, roads, and schools; developer sales inducements, improvement costs, and selling costs; subdivision layout characteristics, locations, magnitude, value, and buildout rates; …

Antelope Island Study: Guidelines For Recreational Land Use Planning For Antelope Island, Utah, Using Computer Techniques, Robert D. Scott Jr.

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Throughout the history of traditional land use planning, justification for allocating a land use for a particular area has been accomplished generally in a debilitated fashion. For example, decisions have generally been arrived at by (1) political process--incorporating fringe areas into present land use patterns, or (2) short-term revenue producers are given a land use change from a tax base incentive, or (3) revelations implemented, or other subjective justifications. Except in very few instances, data used to base land use planning decisions was not accurately interpreted for adequate input or not even gathered.

Recently, new and innovative methods for land …

Vocalizations In A Population Of Green-Tailed Towhees (Chlorura Chlorura), Timothy Andrus Burr

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Studies of vocalizations in a montane population of Green-Tailed Towhees were conducted during the summer months of 1971 and 1972 in Cache County, Utah. The song and call repertoiries of 10 breeding pairs were recorded and analyzed on a sound spectograph.

Males averaged 8.7 different song and 18.2 different not types. Song variation on the population level is high (58 different songs) but the sharing of these songs among the males is low (22.4). Populational note structure is equally diverse but reveals a greater degree of sharing (75%).

Both males and females used three calls, the meow, tick, …

A Comparative Study Of Conventional Exercise And Weight Training Of College Women At Utah State University, Virginia Gayle Oleksiak

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Women are now making use of weight training for improving strength, flexibility and body contours. Most studies on weight training have used male subjects. This study compared the results of a conventional exercising program and a weight training program for reducing inches in the circumferences of the right upper arm, pectorals, waist, hips, and right thigh.

The subjects were twenty-nine female students in figure control classes at Utah State University. The control group of sixteen subjects exercised in the conventional manner, and the experimental group of thirteen subjects exercised on the weight training machine. Subjects were asked not to change …

Economic Feasibility Of Controlling Big Sagebrush (Artemisia Tridentata) On State And Private Rangelands In Utah, Stan D. Hinckley

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Spraying with the chemical herbicide 2,4-D is the most widely used method of controlling big sagebrush. Spraying is very effective in increasing forage production and generally is not poisonous to either man or animals.

Two procedures can be used to calculate the internal rate of return to big sagebrush control: standard and modified discounting. Standard discounting assumes all nonuse costs are incurred in the year of treatment, and the annual income stream is constant throughout the effective life of treatment. Modified discounting correctly assumes the nonuse cost is incurred in the period of deferment, and the income stream does not …

Anatomical Effects Of Dicamba On Pea Root Tissues, Brent George Ovard

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Peas (Pisum sativum L. Var Alaska) were allowed to absorb calcium and magnesium chloride for 8 hours and then were germinated in a potassium phosphate buffer pH 6.5 for 40 hours. Peas were then treated with 0, 0.1, 0.3, or 0.5 ppm dicamba (3,6-dichloro-o-anisic acid) and harvested at 24, 48, and 72 hour intervals. The following determinations were recorded: root elongation, nuclear volume, and anatomical modifications.

Root elongation recordings showed that dicamba prevented normal root elongation. Treatments induced very short thick primary roots.

Measurements of nuclear volume indicated that all herbicide concentrations were able to reduce the …

Rates Of Food Digestion By Brown Trout (Salmo Trutta) In The Blacksmith Fork River, Utah, John M. Salevurakis

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Digestion rates have been measured for brown trout (Salmo trutta Linn.) during summer, fall, winter and spring seasons on the Blacksmith Fork River, Utah. Exponential rates of digestion varied from a gradual rate of -0.2372 to an accelerated rate of -0.6808. Factors found to affect digestion rate most were water temperature and the amount of food in the stomach. The affect of temperature was not clearly isolated. However, the amount of food in the stomach, at the beginning of the digestion study, appeared to have the most pronounced effect. Four of the five digestion rate measurements, with high coefficients …

An Investigation Into The Design Qualities, Ecological Requirements, And Potential Use Of Some Native Trees And Shrubs Of The Mountains Of Northeastern Utah, Richard K. Sutton

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purposes of this paper are threefold: 1) To provide a justification for the increased use of native plants in mountain land development, not only in northeastern Utah, but in the entire western United States. 2) To investigate and delineate what the physical needs of a plant materials list are. 3) To provide a nearly comprehensive list of basically unused plants native to northeastern Utah and to highlight their landscaping potentials based on the earlier investigation.

Also touched upon, to help landscape architectural students and professionals alike, are two cursory case studies and a chapter which deals briefly with the …

Intraregional Efficiency Of Production Decisions And Interregional Efficiency Of Input Use In Bolivian Agriculture, Stephen C. Hammond

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The main objectives of this study were to analyze the efficiency with which Bolivian farmers utilize productive resources as they combine them in crop production and to examine the possibility of interregional resource immobility in the production of agricultural products.

Bolivia was divided into seven distinct production regions called departments. A linear program maximizing model was generated for the major crops produced in each department. Land, labor, irrigation, and capital were the input coefficients used in the models. They produced a net return to management, land, and fixed costs associated with land. The linear program using these coefficients generated the …