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Articles 661 - 690 of 1107
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Calcineurin/Nfat Signaling Pathway In Osteoblast Differentiation., Hyeonju Yeo
Calcineurin/Nfat Signaling Pathway In Osteoblast Differentiation., Hyeonju Yeo
All ETDs from UAB
No abstract provided.
Racial Differences In Health Care Utilization Between Older African American And Caucasian Medicare Beneficiaries, Olivio J. Clay
Racial Differences In Health Care Utilization Between Older African American And Caucasian Medicare Beneficiaries, Olivio J. Clay
All ETDs from UAB
No abstract provided.
Developing An Instrument To Assess Alabama Physicians' Clinical Care Practices Related To Pediatric Obesity., Karen A. Werner
Developing An Instrument To Assess Alabama Physicians' Clinical Care Practices Related To Pediatric Obesity., Karen A. Werner
All ETDs from UAB
No abstract provided.
Calorie Restriction, Exercise And Body Fat: Effects On Cancer And Markers Of Longevity, Derek M. Huffman
Calorie Restriction, Exercise And Body Fat: Effects On Cancer And Markers Of Longevity, Derek M. Huffman
All ETDs from UAB
No abstract provided.
Regulatory Mechanisms Of Eukaryotic Translation Termination, Adam K. Kallmeyer
Regulatory Mechanisms Of Eukaryotic Translation Termination, Adam K. Kallmeyer
All ETDs from UAB
No abstract provided.
Vitamin A And Retinoic Acid In Neonatal Hyperoxic Lung Injury, Masheika James
Vitamin A And Retinoic Acid In Neonatal Hyperoxic Lung Injury, Masheika James
All ETDs from UAB
No abstract provided.
O -Glcnac Modification In Muscle Development, Ping Huang
O -Glcnac Modification In Muscle Development, Ping Huang
All ETDs from UAB
O-glycosylation, a type of posttranslational modification, is abundant and dynamic in the cell, yet its function in cell signaling and destiny regulation is far from known. This study examines the effects of O-glycosylation on muscle differentiation and metabolism, and the potential mechanism behind the effects: proteasome blockade. Proteasome action is required for muscle differentiation. We previously have shown that O-GlcNAc modification of the 19S cap of the proteasome can inhibit the proteolytic function of this organelle. By changing O-GlcNAc modification levels and proteasome function independently in C2C12 skeletal myoblasts, we have found that myoblast differentiation is largely dependent on both. …
American Refugees: An Ethnographic Study Of The Street Homeless*, Jason Adam Wasserman
American Refugees: An Ethnographic Study Of The Street Homeless*, Jason Adam Wasserman
All ETDs from UAB
No abstract provided.
The Role Of The Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Pathway In Bone Development And Repair, Ying Wang
The Role Of The Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Pathway In Bone Development And Repair, Ying Wang
All ETDs from UAB
No abstract provided.
Differences Between Estimated And Actual Caloric Intake, William E. Coggin
Differences Between Estimated And Actual Caloric Intake, William E. Coggin
All ETDs from UAB
No abstract provided.
Sex Steroid And Growth Factor Expression In Prostates Of Transgenic Mice Exposed To Dietary Polyphenols, Leah Cook
All ETDs from UAB
No abstract provided.
The Association Between Insulin And Inflammation In African American And European American Children, Jessica A. Alvarez
The Association Between Insulin And Inflammation In African American And European American Children, Jessica A. Alvarez
All ETDs from UAB
Insulin has anti-inflammatory properties. Markers of inflammation (MOI) increase in the postprandial state. African Americans (AA) have higher post-challenge insulin concentrations compared to European Americans (EA). The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between insulin and MOI in both the fasting and postprandial state. We hypothesized that, after accounting for confounding factors, fasting and postprandial insulin would be inversely associated with MOI, and that AA would have a lower postprandial inflammatory response because of a higher insulin response. C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL6), soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor type 2 (sTNF-R2), and insulin concentrations were assessed at …
Ca 2+ /Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Ii Regulates The Growth Of Human Osteosarcoma Cells In Vivo, Hyeran Choo
Ca 2+ /Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Ii Regulates The Growth Of Human Osteosarcoma Cells In Vivo, Hyeran Choo
All ETDs from UAB
Osteosarcoma is the most predominant primary bone cancer among pediatric patients. The pathogenesis and mechanism of osteosarcoma, however, as yet remains unclear. This study investigated the hypothesis that Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMK II), activated by Ca2+ and its intracellular receptor, calmodulin, plays a critical role in the growth of human osteosarcoma cells. The inhibition of CaMK II with its pharmacologic antagonist KN-93 was used to investigate the role of CaMK II in the growth of human osteosarcoma cells because our preliminary data showed that =-CaMK II is expressed in several human osteosarcoma cell lines. To examine the in vivo …
Isolation And Characterization Of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells, Isabel C. Gay
Isolation And Characterization Of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells, Isabel C. Gay
All ETDs from UAB
The periodontal ligament (PDL) is thought to include progenitor cells capable of forming fibroblasts, osteoblasts and cementoblasts. However, characterization of PDL stem cell populations (SC) remains undetermined due in part, to the diversity of cell types that conform to the periodontal apparatus. Objective: To isolate and characterize PDLSC and assess their pluripotent capabilities to differentiate into bone, cartilage and adipose cell types. Methods: PDL was scraped from human teeth, enzymatically digested, and cells stained for STRO- 1 (SC marker) using fluorescent immunohistochemistry. Positive cells were FACS sorted and expanded in culture. Human bone marrow SC (BMSC) served as a positive …
The Influence Of Insulin On Lipolysis In African American And Caucasian Prepubertal, Premenopausal, And Postmenopausal Females, Laura Lee T Goree
The Influence Of Insulin On Lipolysis In African American And Caucasian Prepubertal, Premenopausal, And Postmenopausal Females, Laura Lee T Goree
All ETDs from UAB
African Americans, compared to Caucasians, may have chronically suppressed free fatty acid (FFA) mobilization due to basal and postprandial hyperinsulinemia. The pur-pose of this study was to determine if lower FFA among African Americans are due to higher insulin concentration and if this ethnic difference in FFA, beta cell function, and insulin suppression of FFA declines with age. Subjects who qualified underwent a fre-quently-sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test (FSIGT) for determination of insulin sensitivity (Si) and the acute insulin response to glucose (AIRg). Body composition and fat distribution were assessed with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and com-puted tomography (CT), respectively. …
Mesofauna Associated With The Subtropical/Tropical Marine Sponge Amphimedon Viridis : Are Faunal Associations Likely To Provide Refuge From Fish Predation Due To Physical Or Chemical Feeding Deterrent Properties Of This Sponge?, Jonathan Huang
All ETDs from UAB
Sessile benthic marine organisms such as sponges are frequently colonized by a wide diversity of invertebrates. The present study focused on a quantitative analysis of the mesofauna associated with the common subtropical/tropical sponge Amphimedon viridis and explored several criteria for the basis for this mesofauna-sponge relationship. Specimens of Amphimedon viridis were hand-collected individually in bags from both Saint Joseph Bay, Florida Panhandle, and Sugar Loaf Key, Florida Keys between April - November 2006. Quantitative analyses of sponge surfaces and interiors revealed that the most common sponge-associated group was comprised of amphipods, followed by polychaetes and tenaid crustaceans. 35 percent of …
The Effect Of Dietary Selenium On Weight Gain And Gonad Production In The Sea Urchin Lytechinus Variegatus, Warren T. Jones
The Effect Of Dietary Selenium On Weight Gain And Gonad Production In The Sea Urchin Lytechinus Variegatus, Warren T. Jones
All ETDs from UAB
Small Lytechinus variegatus were collected in October 2004 from Port St. Joseph Peninsula State Park, FL (30° N, 85.5° W) and transported to the Texas A&M Shrimp Mariculture Facility in Port Aransas, TX. Subadult sea urchins were held individually in 25 cm x 10 cm diameter cylindrical cages and were fed semi-purified formulated feeds containing 0.55, 1.1, or 2.4 mg Se/kg feed for 12 weeks (n = 16 individuals per feed treatment, 13.67 ± 0.20 SE g initial wet weight, 30.12 ± 0.15 SE mm diameter; 32 ± 2 ppt salinity and 22 ± 1 C). Sea urchins were weighed …
Vitamin D Receptor Deficiency And Postnatal Tooth Formation, Xueming Zhang
Vitamin D Receptor Deficiency And Postnatal Tooth Formation, Xueming Zhang
All ETDs from UAB
The reduction of caries is one of the major objectives of Healthy People 2010 (USDHHS, 2000). For individuals at risk for caries, early identification and interception before the occurrence of the disease are crucial to preventing the cariogenesis. However, host genetic variants that compromise the mineralization of dental enamel and dentin are unclear. The vdr mutation has been reported to be associated with bone loss. Therefore, it is likely that vitamin D resistance may affect dental enamel and dentin formation. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of VDR deficiency on postnatal tooth formation in a vdr …
Predictors Of Indoor Dust Mite And Cockroach Levels, J Mark Brooks
Predictors Of Indoor Dust Mite And Cockroach Levels, J Mark Brooks
All ETDs from UAB
Exposures to dust mite and cockroach indoor allergens are important environmental risk factors in allergic sensitization and the development and exacerbation of asthma. To determine the relationship of indoor allergen levels and residence characteristics, dust samples were collected from indoor surfaces in residences in the Birmingham, Alabama area. The dust samples were analyzed for specific dust mite (Der p 1 and Der f 1) and cockroach (Bla g 1) antigens, the results of which were used to represent the level of indoor allergen present in each residence. The presence, and in some cases the degree, of potential allergen-predicting characteristics of …
Ethnic Differences In Markers Of Inflammation With Weight Loss, Tanya C. Hyatt
Ethnic Differences In Markers Of Inflammation With Weight Loss, Tanya C. Hyatt
All ETDs from UAB
Chronic diseases such as type 2 Diabetes Mellitis (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are accompanied by chronic low-grade systemic inflammation and are related to obesity and ethnicity. For instance, African-Americans (AA) have increased risk for developing T2DM and are more likely to be overweight relative to Caucasians (C). However, C have more intra-abdominal adipose tissue (IAAT) and have higher risk for CVD than AA. The influence that ethnicity has on disease risk is obscured by ethnic differences in fat distribution and sensitivity to insulin. Ethnic differences in markers of inflammation (MOI) have not been investigated. It is also unclear if …
Life Course Religiosity And Spirituality And Their Relationship To Health And Well-Being Among Homebound Older Adults, Caroline O. Robinson
Life Course Religiosity And Spirituality And Their Relationship To Health And Well-Being Among Homebound Older Adults, Caroline O. Robinson
All ETDs from UAB
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among religiosity, spirituality, physical health and mental well-being among a sample of homebound older adults. Taking a life course approach, this study explored how religiosity and spirituality across the life course influence homebound elders’ health and well-being. The sample consisted of 200 community-dwelling, homebound adults aged 60 and older (mean age 79, 62% White, 38% African American, 80% female, and 20% male). Participants completed a guided interview that measured physical health and mental well-being as well as involvement in three domains of religiosity and spirituality across the participants’ life history …
The Scales Are Still Unbalanced:A Phenomenological Study Of Parental Involvement Of Lower Socioeconomic Students Attending School In An Affluent Southeastern Educational Community, Debra Walker Smith
The Scales Are Still Unbalanced:A Phenomenological Study Of Parental Involvement Of Lower Socioeconomic Students Attending School In An Affluent Southeastern Educational Community, Debra Walker Smith
All ETDs from UAB
With the pressures of No Child Left Behind, and many schools being identified as failing, parents are willing to make major sacrifices in order to provide what they believe is a quality education. The research addressed what it meant for twelve low socioeconomic parents to be involved in their children’s education in an affluent educational environment. The researcher defined low socioeconomics as students participating in the National School Lunch Program, as this was one of the identifiers used to determine this subgroup for the State Department of Education’s Adequate Yearly Progress. A phenomenological study was conducted to answer the following …
Breast Cancer Chemoprevention With The Natural Polyphenols Resveratrol And Genistein, Alone And In Combination, Timothy Glynn Whitsett
Breast Cancer Chemoprevention With The Natural Polyphenols Resveratrol And Genistein, Alone And In Combination, Timothy Glynn Whitsett
All ETDs from UAB
No abstract provided.
Prenatal Lead Exposure In Karachi: Magnitude, Determinants And Effect On Birth Weight, Naveed Zafar Janjua
Prenatal Lead Exposure In Karachi: Magnitude, Determinants And Effect On Birth Weight, Naveed Zafar Janjua
All ETDs from UAB
No abstract provided.
Characterization, Community Structure And Ecological Importance Of Sponge-Associated Bacteria, Patrick M. Erwin
Characterization, Community Structure And Ecological Importance Of Sponge-Associated Bacteria, Patrick M. Erwin
All ETDs from UAB
The study of sponge-bacteria symbioses is emerging as a prominent field in marine biology and biotechnology, with implications ranging from a fundamental understanding of sponge ecology and insight into the evolution of prokaryote-eukaryote symbiotic interactions to natural products prospecting and bioactive metabolite synthesis. The research conducted herein integrates molecular genetic techniques with ecological methodologies to address fundamental issues of sponge-microbe associations. Bacterial communities associated with the marine sponges Hymeniacidon heliophila and Xestospongia sp. were compared to microbial assemblages from ambient seawater and the sympatric tunicate, Didemnum sp, using replicated clone libraries of 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes and terminal restriction …
Characterization Of A Global Regulatory Pathway In Streptococcus Pneumoniae, Greer E. Kaufman
Characterization Of A Global Regulatory Pathway In Streptococcus Pneumoniae, Greer E. Kaufman
All ETDs from UAB
Streptococcus pneumoniae is a versatile organism that adapts to many different environments in the host. S. pneumoniae can asymptomatically colonize the nasopharynx of humans. However, dissemination of the bacterium from the nasopharynx to different locations in the body can lead to invasive diseases such as pneumonia, bacteremia, and meningitis. How S. pneumoniae modulates factors that are important for survival in these niches has not been well characterized. In the studies described here, we propose that S. pneumoniae may modulate gene expression in these niches by sensing the different glu-cose concentrations via carbon catabolite control protein A (CcpA). Initially we characterized …
Multiple Roles: Benefits Or Strain? An Examination Of The Effects Of Work And Mothering On Health Lifestyle Behaviors For Women Living With Hiv/Aids, Mercy W. Mwaria
Multiple Roles: Benefits Or Strain? An Examination Of The Effects Of Work And Mothering On Health Lifestyle Behaviors For Women Living With Hiv/Aids, Mercy W. Mwaria
All ETDs from UAB
Does occupying multiple roles cause strain or does it lead to health lifestyle practices for women living with HIV/AIDS? Previous research has established a relationship between multiple role occupation and physical and mental wellbeing for women. Health lifestyle modifications for persons living with HIV/AIDS benefit health by slowing down disease progression and enhancing the body’s tolerance to drug therapies. This study extends these findings to a specific population of women living with HIV/AIDS and examines health lifestyle outcomes for this population. Using data from the HIV Cost and Services Utilization Study (HCSUS), the study draws on a subsample of women …
Association Between The Exposure To Aflatoxin And Micronutrient Status Of Hiv Infected Adults In Ghana, Francis Ayodele Obuseh
Association Between The Exposure To Aflatoxin And Micronutrient Status Of Hiv Infected Adults In Ghana, Francis Ayodele Obuseh
All ETDs from UAB
Aflatoxins, found naturally in some foods are toxic metabolites of some Aspergillus species.They constitute the most potent hepatocarcinogens known and are also mutagenic and hepatotoxic. The preponderance of evidence indicates that aflatoxin is the major cause of hepatocellular cancer. In studies conducted in Africa, food-borne aflatoxin exposure is common (Oyelami et al. 1996; Egal et al. 2005). There is a critical need for additional information on health outcomes associated with exposure to aflatoxin in humans, especially in developing countries with a higher degree of malnutrition and likelihood of HIV infections. We sought to test the hypothesis that aflatoxin B1 and …
Insulin Dynamics In African Americans And European Americans: Mechanistic Aspects, And Association With Inflammation, Radhika P. Phadke
Insulin Dynamics In African Americans And European Americans: Mechanistic Aspects, And Association With Inflammation, Radhika P. Phadke
All ETDs from UAB
Identification and characterization of ethnic differences in insulin dynamics, insulin sensitivity (SI), and inflammation may shed light on the greater risk for type 2 diabetes in African Americans (AA), relative to European Americans (EA). Ideally, such studies should take into account the potential confounding roles of adiposity, fat distribution, genetic background, and socioeconomic status (SES). The objectives of this study were, 1) to evaluate ethnic differences in insulin dynamics in AA and EA children and adults using robust measures of insulin secretion and clearance; 2) to identify the contributions of genetic admixture and SES to insulin dynamics; 3) to examine …
Development And Initial Validation Of A Self-Efficacy Scale For Use With Registered Dietitians Working With Overweight Youth, Christopher M. Reinold
Development And Initial Validation Of A Self-Efficacy Scale For Use With Registered Dietitians Working With Overweight Youth, Christopher M. Reinold
All ETDs from UAB
This study developed and validated the Youth-Directed Obesity Counseling Self-efficacy (Y-DOCS) Scale to evaluate the self-efficacy of registered dietitians (RDs) working with childhood overweight. The specific purpose of this study was to create an evaluation instrument that can measure the effectiveness of continuing education (CE) that provides behavioral counseling training. Two research questions guided this investigation into measuring the self-efficacy of RD’s: (a) Is the Y-DOCS scale for dietitians a reliable instrument for assessing self-efficacy among dietitians who receive training? (b) Is the Y-DOCS scale for dietitians a valid instrument for assessing self-efficacy among dietitians who receive training? The population …