Digital Commons Network^™

Pediatric Hypertension Prevalence With 1 Vs. 2 Vs. 3 Within-Visit Blood Pressure Readings (Nhanes 2013-2020), Sandeep K Riar, Donald L Batisky, Scott Gillespie, Andrew M South

2020-Current year OA Pubs

To compare hypertension prevalence using 'initial' blood pressure (BP), 'subsequent' BP (averaged second and third readings) and 'total' BP (averaged three readings), we included 8-17-year-old youth with three BP readings from NHANES 2013-2020. From 2013-2016, BP was obtained using auscultation (manual protocol, MP) and subsequently, using oscillometry (automated protocol, AP). We excluded subjects with 'zero' diastolic blood pressure (DBP). In 5656 subjects, clinical hypertension (high systolic blood pressure [SBP] and/or DBP) prevalence was highest with 'initial' BP (350/5 642, 6.2% [95% CI 5.6-6.9%]), lower with 'subsequent' BP (289/5 642, 5.1% [4.6-5.7%], p <  0.001), and lowest with 'total' BP (251/5 642, 4.4% [3.9-5.0%], p <  0.001). Both MP and AP groups maintained this trend with a significantly lower hypertension prevalence with 'total' vs. 'subsequent' BP. An exception to the trend occurred in the AP group for three conditions: diastolic hypertension, hypertension in high BMI and Hispanic subjects. Diastolic hypertension prevalence with 'subsequent' DBP (86/2 285, 3.8% [3.1-4.6%]) exceeded that with 'initial' DBP (83/2 285, 3.6% [2.9-4.5%]) and was lowest with 'total' DBP (59/2 285, 2.6% [2.0-3.3%]). Diastolic hypertension prevalence was higher (126/5 642, 2.2% [1.9 - 2.7%]) with the 2016 European guidelines (same as 'subsequent' DBP) than with 'total' DBP (94/5 642, 1.7% [1.4 - 2.0%]). Our findings support the inclusion of the first BP reading in BP categorization, as 'total BP' leads to lower hypertension classification than 'subsequent' BP.

Irs: Iterative Reference Selection Improves Normalization Of Microbiome Sequencing Data, Yiming Shi, Lili Liu, Jun Chen, Kristine M Wylie, Todd N Wylie, Sung Hee Park, Ruiwen Zhou, Yin Cao, Stephanie A Fritz, Molly J Stout, Maria Cristina Vazquez Guillamet, Lei Liu

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Microbiome studies often seek to determine how the absolute abundances of individual taxa change across biological conditions, yet sequencing read counts are sample-specific scaled representations of those abundances. Because sampling depth can differ across samples, fold changes calculated directly from sequencing read counts do not generally represent absolute-abundance fold changes. Normalization methods attempt to account for these between-sample differences in sampling depth, but their accuracy depends on the reference used. In particular, total-sum scaling uses all taxa as the reference and can introduce compositional bias. Reference-based methods instead rely on taxa that are stable across conditions, but contamination of the …

Unlocking Cis-Regulatory Landscapes Across 500 Million Years Of Evolution And Disease Mechanisms, Tássia Mangetti Gonçalves, Casey L Stewart, Samantha D Baxley, Jason Xu, Kevin Boyer, Bijesh George, Daofeng Li, Chengran Yang, Harrison W Gabel, Xianhua Piao, Carlos Cruchaga, Yang E Li, Ting Wang, Oshri Avraham, Guoyan Zhao

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Genomic DNA encodes regulatory information that determines where, when, and to what extent genes are expressed. Theoretically, we should be able to identify these transcriptional "instructions" by examining genomic DNA sequence alone, yet this has remained challenging. Here we present the Vertebrate Regulatory MOdule Detector (VRMOD), a method that accurately predicts gene regulatory sequences using only the query genomic sequences. We applied VRMOD to 309 Ensembl genomes, generating a compendium of high-resolution, genome-position-fixed

Gamclust: Identification Of Regulated Metabolic Modules In Bulk, Single Cell And Spatial Gene Expression Data, Anastasiia Gainullina, Evgeniia Chikina, Maxim N Artyomov, Alexey Sergushichev

2020-Current year OA Pubs

MOTIVATION: Metabolism operates as a highly interconnected biochemical network, and its regulation emerges from coordinated changes across many reactions and metabolites. The integration of gene expression profiling data with organism-scale metabolic networks has proven to be a valuable tool for understanding cellular metabolic regulation. However, the increasing complexity of profiling technologies and experimental designs requires the development of specialized tools.

RESULTS: Here, we present GAMclust, an R package implementing and extending the previously published GAM-clustering pipeline for identifying transcriptionally regulated metabolic modules in complex gene expression datasets. GAMclust supports bulk, single-cell, and spatial gene expression profiling. It includes built-in KEGG …

Searching The Druggable Genome Using Large Language Models, Lars Schimmelpfennig, Matthew Cannon, Quentin Cody, Joshua Mcmichael, Adam C Coffman, Susanna Kiwala, Kilannin Krysiak, Alex H Wagner, Malachi Griffith, Obi L Griffith

2020-Current year OA Pubs

SUMMARY: The druggable genome encompasses the genes that are known or predicted to interact with drugs. The Drug-Gene Interaction Database (DGIdb) provides an integrated resource for discovering and contextualizing these interactions, supporting a broad range of research and clinical applications. DGIdb is currently accessed through structured web interfaces and API calls, requiring users to translate natural-language questions into database-specific query patterns. To allow for the use of DGIdb through natural language, we developed the DGIdb Model Context Protocol (MCP) server, which allows large language models (LLMs) access to up-to-date information through the DGIdb API. We demonstrate that the MCP server …

Heritable Transgenic Schistosomes As A Living Platform For Sars-Cov-2 Neutralizing Antibody Secretion, Wannaporn Ittiprasert, Bruce A Rosa, Sergej Djuranovic, Makedonka Mitreva, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

We report the generation and propagation of not only the first heritable transgenic schistosome line but also a line that secretes a functional therapeutic protein in vivo. Using multiplexed CRISPR/Cas-mediated homology-directed knock-in targeted to a predicted genomic safe-harbor, we inserted a VHH-IgG1 Fc (termed C5-Fc) transgene into Schistosoma mansoni eggs. Single-miracidium infections of Biomphalaria glabrata yielded parental P0 lines; serial passage through snail and mouse hosts produced an F2 cohort in which all parasites carried the C5-Fc transgene and secreted C5-Fc into the murine venous circulation. Molecular assays confirmed chromosomal insertion, germline transmission and systemic secretion. Sera from mice harboring …

Altered Postnatal Chromatin Development In The Nucleus Accumbens Primes Enduring Stress Sensitivity, Rebekah L Rashford, Lisa Z Fang, Michael Deberardine, Hye Ji J Kim, Laura W Hirschfield, Ella Cervi, Mason R Barrett, Jeremy M Thompson, Meaghan C Creed, Catherine Jensen Peña

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Early life stress (ELS) sensitizes individuals to subsequent stressors to increase lifetime risk for psychiatric disorders. Within the nucleus accumbens (NAc)-a key limbic and reward-associated brain region-ELS sensitizes both cellular and transcriptional response to later stress, which are programmed by enduring epigenetic changes. Among the histone modifications persistently enriched by ELS in NAc is H3K4me1, which is associated with open chromatin and epigenetic priming of genomic enhancers. Here, we sought to determine whether H3K4me1 enrichment in NAc was sufficient to prime cellular and behavioral responses to adult stress. Viral-mediated overexpression of the histone H3 monomethyltransferase

Long-Term Follow-Up Of A Pediatric Regimen For Aya With Ph-Negative All: 10-Year Survival Of Calgb 10403 (Alliance), Wellington F Silva, Geoffrey L Uy, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Donor-Specific Transplant Outcomes From Bmt Ctn 1702: A Multicenter Prospective Biologic Assignment Trial, Asad Bashey, Iskra Pusic, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Newer approaches to control alloreactivity may produce similar transplant outcomes using HLA-mismatched donors vs HLA-matched unrelated donors (MUD). However, prospective comparisons are lacking. BMT CTN 1702 used a donor search prognosis score to assign patients to an 8/8 HLA MUD or the center's preference of haploidentical related donors (HAPLO), mismatched unrelated donors (MMUD), or umbilical cord blood (UCB). Outcomes of MUD were compared to HAPLO, MMUD, and UCB transplantation after adjusting for covariates. Patients (n = 1179 [93% adults]) underwent transplantation with MUD (n = 772), HAPLO (n = 254), MMUD (n = 112), and UCB (n = 41) at …

Compbio And Miras-A Multi-Omic Analysis Platform Built On A Memory-Based Intelligence Engine, Ruteja A Barve, Chad E Storer, Wayne D Hoxsie, Curtis Marcum, Joshua F Mcmichael, Jared M Lalmansingh, Brittany K Smith, Mark R Johnson, Daniel J Kuster, Richard D Head

2020-Current year OA Pubs

As molecular and cellular technologies have advanced, the need to analyze and interpret the resulting vast and multi-modal data into actionable intelligence has become a rate-limiting factor in scientific advancement. While traditional knowledgebase-pathway tools and LLM-based AI tools provide a degree of support in data interpretation, both exhibit known limitations. Presented here is the CompBio multi-omic analysis platform built upon Memory-based Intelligent Reasoning System (MIRaS), an associative reasoning engine grounded in episodic and semantic memory, capable of inferring biological relationships directly from stored knowledge rather than from model training. The MIRaS system is not dependent on human-curated pathway knowledgebases, provides …

Premarket Clinical Evidence Strength And Recalls Of High-Risk Therapeutic Medical Devices, Maryam Mooghali, Faaizah Arshad, Vinay K Rathi, Kushal T Kadakia, Alexander O Everhart, Joseph S Ross, Sanket S Dhruva

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: High-risk medical devices approved through the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) premarket approval (PMA) pathway may be supported by limited premarket clinical evidence, leaving uncertainties about safety. Whether device, premarket clinical evidence, or regulatory characteristics are associated with subsequent device recalls is unknown.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between device, premarket clinical evidence, and regulatory characteristics and serious recalls among high-risk therapeutic devices.

DESIGN AND SETTING: This cross-sectional study reviewed 193 high-risk therapeutic medical devices approved through the FDA's PMA pathway between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2023. Data were analyzed between August 2025 and December 2025. …

Sex-Aware Causal Inference Assessment Of The Immune System In Complex Neurodegenerative Diseases, Frida Lona-Durazo, Ross P Byrne, Marc-Olivier Pilon, Michael D Greicius, Marie-Pierre Dubé, Michael E Belloy, Russell L Mclaughlin, Sarah A Gagliano Taliun

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Sex differences, in terms of prevalence, symptoms and disease progression, are established in the aetiology of complex neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease, but the underlying biology driving these differences remains poorly understood. There is emerging evidence from genetic and functional analyses affirming the role of the immune system in such diseases, but a thorough assessment of sex differences in the link between the immune system and neurodegenerative diseases remains lacking. Here, we applied a robust causal inference approach, two-sample Mendelian randomization, to evaluate the causal effect of immune-related protein levels on three neurodegenerative diseases …

Nextlongiso: A Comprehensive Nextflow Pipeline For Multi-Dimensional Long-Read Rna-Seq Analysis, Jiang Tan, Yuqing Wu, Yidan Sun

2020-Current year OA Pubs

SUMMARY: Long-read RNA sequencing technologies, including Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) and Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT), enable direct characterization of full-length transcripts and transcriptome complexity. However, analysis of long-read RNA-seq data remains fragmented across multiple tools, limiting the ability to obtain a unified view of transcript structure, expression, and regulatory variation in long-read transcriptomes. We present NextLongIso, a scalable and reproducible Nextflow pipeline that enables coordinated analysis of multiple layers of transcript regulation. Rather than focusing solely on transcript reconstruction, NextLongIso integrates transcript discovery with downstream regulatory analyses to jointly characterize alternative splicing, isoform switching, transcript boundary dynamics (including alternative promoters and …

Effects Of Concurrent Neuropathologies With Alzheimer Disease Neuropathologic Change On Cognitive Decline: Minimal Impact Of Vascular Brain Injury Compared With Other Combinations, Sarah M Yasuda, Charles Mock, Kathryn Gauthreaux, Kwun C G Chan, C Dirk Keene, Jessica E Culhane, Yen-Chi Chen, Walter Kukull

2020-Current year OA Pubs

We examined cognitive changes associated with several neuropathologic entities, alone and in combination. We studied 808 participants from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center to assess associations between neuropathologic diagnoses (from autopsy) and neuropsychologic test scores (trajectories over time for 5 domains: overall cognition, episodic memory, attention, language, executive function). Neuropathologies included: Alzheimer disease neuropathologic change (ADNC), Lewy body disease (LBD), vascular brain injury (VBI), and limbic-predominant age-related TDP43 encephalopathy neuropathologic change (LATE-NC). Using linear mixed-effects models, we examined trajectories of cognitive decline for ADNC alone compared to ADNC plus LBD, VBI, or LATE-NC. We also examined differences between observed trajectories …

Achilles Tendon Injuries In Major League Soccer: A 10-Year Analysis Of Injury Rate, Return To Play, And Performance Metrics, Brian Forsythe, Catherine Hand, Francis Hand, Henry Eilen, Matthew Varano, Jared Sasaki, Camden Bohn, Anne Timmermann, Lauren Fertig, Eric Giza, Robert H Brophy, Bert Mandelbaum, Kirk Mccullough

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Injuries to the Achilles tendon, such as tears or ruptures, are commonly observed among elite athletes. These injuries can be debilitating for professional soccer players, leading to prolonged recovery and potential performance declines.

PURPOSE: To investigate the annual incidence, return-to-play (RTP) duration, and postinjury performance outcomes of Major League Soccer (MLS) players who sustained Achilles tendon injuries from 2010 to 2021.

STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

METHODS: This retrospective matched-cohort study evaluated MLS players with Achilles tendon injuries from 2010 to 2021, identified through the MLS Injury Surveillance database, and compared outcomes, including RTP duration, between …

Sez6-Targeting Antibody-Drug Conjugate Abbv-706 In Advanced Small Cell Lung Cancer And Solid Tumors: A Phase 1 Trial, Lauren Averett Byers, Daniel Morgensztern, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Seizure-related homolog 6 (SEZ6) is expressed in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and neuroendocrine neoplasms. In an open label, phase 1 trial, ABBV-706, an antibody-drug conjugate with a SEZ6-directed antibody linked to topoisomerase-1 inhibitor (Top1i), was administered intravenously every 3 weeks (Q3W) to 288 patients with advanced solid tumors; 240 received monotherapy, including 124 with relapsed/refractory (R/R) SCLC. Primary objectives of dose escalation (part 1, advanced solid tumors), dose optimization and expansion (part 2, R/R SCLC only) and dose expansion (part 4, central nervous system tumors and high-grade neuroendocrine neoplasms only) were to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), immunogenicity …

Blood-Based Circular Rnas For Early Diagnosis Of Alzheimer's Disease, Bridget Phillips, Jessie Sanford, Menghan Liu, Matt Johnson, Katherine Gong, Kristy Bergmann, Joseph Lowery, Allison Flynn, William Brock, Brenda Sanchez Montejo, Nicholas Sykora, John Budde, John C Morris, Joel S Perlmutter, Paul T Kotzbauer, Richard J Perrin, Laura Ibanez, Carlos Cruchaga, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD) before the development of clinical symptoms is critical for enabling the use of new treatments. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are highly stable non-coding RNAs enriched in the brain that can cross the blood-brain barrier. Here, analyzing blood data from 1,221 individuals with AD and healthy individuals, we identified 34 circRNAs associated with AD status. A predictive model including these 34 circRNAs was comparable to plasma phosphorylated Tau-217 (pTau217) in classifying AD based on biomarker-confirmed (amyloid-β and Tau) status and replicated in independent samples from the Knight-Alzheimer Disease Research Center (n = 551: 76 AD, 475 cognitively …

Biological Aging And Generational Shifts In Early-Onset Cancer Risk, Ruiyi Tian, Xiaoyu Zong, Duo Ren, Stefani Tica, Daniel Hong, Oluseye Oduyale, Jason D Buenrostro, Ramaswamy Govindan, Yin Cao

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Incidence of early-onset cancer is rising globally in recent generations, which underscores the need to elucidate the influence of emerging generational risk factors. Systemic and organ-specific aging reflects the cumulative impact of exposures and may provide an integrative and complementary approach to understand early-onset cancer risk. Here among 154,169 young adults from the United Kingdom Biobank, systemic aging measured by PhenoAge increased across birth cohorts, with 23% s.d. increase for those born 1965-1974 versus 1950-1954, and was associated with early-onset solid cancer risk (hazard ratio (HR)

A Multistate Analysis Of Longitudinal Care Outcomes Among People Newly Linked To Human Immunodeficiency Virus Care In Missouri, Aditi Ramakrishnan, Daniel Vo, Ernie-Paul Barrette, Rachel M Presti, William G Powderly, Anne Trolard, Corey Grejtak-Heaps, Elvin H Geng, Aaloke Mody, Lindsey M Filiatreau

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Advancing the HIV response in Missouri, an Ending the HIV Epidemic priority state, requires stronger characterization of treatment gaps. Routine cross-sectional reporting may fail to capture important gaps in care that longitudinal methods can reveal.

METHODS: We characterized clinic engagement and viral suppression among people with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) aged ≥18 years who were newly linked to clinic in St Louis, Missouri, between 1 January 2015 and 15 March 2020. Using multistate analytic methods that capture change over time, we estimated the prevalence of individuals in 9 mutually exclusive and exhaustive states over 3 years following linkage to …

Financial Toxicity And Cost-Related Imaging Nonadherence In Pediatric Outpatient Imaging, Shireen E Hayatghaibi, Gregory L Jordan, Tucker Hansen, Amy E Ensing, Aditi Gupta, Evan A Mihalakakos, Bin Zhang, Pradipta Debnath, Carrie C Coughlin

2020-Current year OA Pubs

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Financial toxicity, defined as the financial burden and stress experienced due to medical costs, is increasingly recognized as a key patient-reported outcome and has been linked to cost-related non-adherence in adult populations. However, its prevalence and impact in pediatric imaging are unknown. We examined the prevalence and predictors of financial toxicity among families of children undergoing outpatient imaging and its association with imaging non-adherence.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a prospective cross-sectional survey of parental caregivers of children (< 18 years of age) undergoing outpatient imaging at two free standing children's hospitals in the U.S. (July 2024-May 2025). Financial toxicity was measured using the adapted FACIT-COST instrument and scores < 26 indicated high financial toxicity. Multivariable logistic regression examined associations between family characteristics and high financial toxicity.

RESULTS: Among 399 caregivers, the mean FACIT-COST score was 24.6 (SD 10.2), and 49% were categorized as having …

Kirschner Wire Skeletal Fixation In The Hand And Wrist: Risk Of Infection And Predictors Of Progression To Major Complications, Mitchell S Mologne, Julia M Perugini, Nicholas A Calotta, Lindley B Wall, Charles A Goldfarb

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: Kirschner wire (K-wire) infections continue to be a challenge in hand surgery. Our purpose was to quantify the frequency of K-wire site infections of the hand and wrist, to tabulate major and minor infectious manifestations, to identify factors that may predispose a patient to major complications, and to generate an updated algorithm for prognostication and treatment of K-wire site infections.

METHODS: Patients treated with K-wires in the fingers, hand, and wrist who developed infections between 2018 and 2024 at our institution were identified. Information regarding patient factors, injury, treatment, and subsequent infectious complications was collected. Variables from single variable …

Language And Sound Exposure Across Neonatal Intensive Care Hospitalization And Relationships With Early Outcome, R Pineda, L J Woodward, Z A Vesoulis, C D Smyser, T E Inder, A M Mathur, B L Schlaggar

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVES: Examine relationships between quantitative measures of language and sound exposure in the NICU and infant neurobehavior.

STUDY DESIGN: Sixty-four preterm infants (≤28 weeks of gestation) had language and sound exposure measured across four time points: within two weeks of birth and at 30, 34, and 35-41 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA). Neurobehavior was assessed at 35-41 weeks PMA using the NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scales.

RESULTS: Higher average decibel levels in the NICU environment were associated with lower infant orientation scores (p = 0.04, β = -0.33). Higher peak decibel levels were associated with greater hypertonia (p = 0.01, β = …

Molecular Basis For The Regulation Of Membrane Proteins Through Preferential Lipid Solvation, Nathan Bernhardt, Tugba N Ozturk, Shan Zhang, Noah Schwartz, Rahul Chadda, Alejandro Gil-Ley, Janice L Robertson, José D Faraldo-Gómez

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The mechanism by which lipids regulate membrane proteins remains an open question. While many protein structures reveal associated lipids, neither binding nor regulatory mechanisms can be gleaned from frozen static snapshots, as these processes occur in the context of a dynamic membrane at equilibrium. In this study, we combine single-molecule experiments with computational analyses of lipid dynamics and lipid-solvation energetics to understand how changes in the lipid composition of the membrane influence the dimerization of the CLC-ec1 chloride/proton antiporter. We find this influence does not result from long-lived lipid binding at specific sites, but instead from an inherently dynamic effect …

Mll3 And Mll4 Sustain Hematopoietic Stem Cell Multipotency By Opposing A B-Cell Default State, Helen C Wang, Ran Chen, Wei Yang, Rohini Muthukumar, Tingting Hu, Riddhi M Patel, Emily B Casey, Elisabeth Denby, Run Zhang, Guojia Xie, Kai Ge, Grant A Challen, Jeffrey J Bednarski, Jeffrey A Magee

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and multipotent progenitors (MPPs) are sustained by networks of transcription factors and epigenetic regulators that prime lineage-specific programs yet maintain multipotency. Two epigenetic regulators, MLL3 and MLL4, play important but distinct roles in maintaining this balance. MLL3 promotes HSC differentiation, whereas MLL4 opposes differentiation. These activities are essential for both normal homeostasis and leukemia suppression, yet it is not clear how MLL3 and MLL4 regulate HSC and MPP gene expression to control HSC/MPP fate decisions. To resolve these mechanisms, we performed an extensive series of single-cell genomic studies after conditionally deleting Mll3, Mll4 or both genes …

Acute Opioid Responses Are Modulated By Dynamic Interactions Of Oprm1 And Fgf12, Paige M Lemen, Alexander S Hatoum, Arpana Agrawal, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

We generated time-series data for 105 morphine- and naloxone-related traits across ~700 BXD mice (64 diverse strains for both sexes) for 3 hr after a single morphine injection. Variations in responses were mapped using genome sequencing-based genotypes. The locomotor responses to morphine mapped to the µ opioid receptor gene (

Loss Of Nemp1 Disrupts Female Meiosis And Activates A Conserved Atm-Chk2 Checkpoint, Bilal Ahmad Hakim, Yonit Tsatskis, Ling Zhang, Esther Choi, Ying Zhang, Didier Hodzic, Que Wu, Muyun Zhang, Maryam Pashaei, Kyungwon Ha, Jannette Rusch, Julie A Brill, Miguel Angel Brieño-Enríquez, Andrea Jurisicova, Helen Mcneill

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Female germ cells must preserve the integrity of their genome and generate genetic diversity via meiotic recombination. This challenging process is error prone. Highly conserved checkpoint pathways detect errors in recombination and DNA damage, inducing the death of defective oocytes. Nuclear Envelope Membrane Protein (NEMP) homologs are highly conserved proteins critical for fertility in flies, worms, fish and mice. They localize to the inner nuclear envelope where they provide mechanical support. However, why NEMP homologs are specifically required for fertility is still unclear. Using both Drosophila and mouse models, we establish that loss of NEMP homologs leads to activation of …

Performance Evaluation Of The Xpert® Hcv Test On Fingerstick Blood In A Prospective Observational Clinical Study At Clia-Waived Sites In The United States, Jennifer R Havens, L Madeline Mccrary, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: A major barrier to hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination in the United States is the lack of a point-of-care test to confirm the presence of HCV RNA. The purpose of this clinical trial was to evaluate the performance of the Xpert® HCV test at CLIA-waived sites in the United States.

METHODS: Participants at risk and/or with signs/symptoms of HCV infection provided fingerstick blood that was tested on the Xpert® HCV test and venous blood tested using the cobas® HCV and Elecsys® Anti-HCV II tests. Fingerstick blood was collected at CLIA-waived sites by individuals self-trained on collection procedures.

RESULTS: Participants …

The Best Of Both Worlds: How Combining A Large Language Model And A Rule-Based Algorithm Makes Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection Surveillance More Efficient, Joshua Nordman, Claire Najjuuko, Nicholas Jeschke, Rachael E Snyders, Maria Cristina Vazquez Guillamet, Hilary Babcock, Patrick Reich, Andrew Atkinson, Jonas Marschall, Abby Sung, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) surveillance is critical for patient safety. Many healthcare systems use electronic algorithms to flag candidate infection events but still require manual chart review to confirm CAUTI cases. We evaluated the use of a large language model (LLM) to enhance CAUTI surveillance.

METHODS: We analyzed 919 potential CAUTI cases flagged by the electronic surveillance algorithm at Barnes-Jewish Hospital from 2021 to 2024. These cases were previously classified as 291 CAUTIs and 628 non-CAUTIs by trained infection preventionists (IPs). Several approaches for applying the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) CAUTI definition after extracting clinical data from …

Recent Advances In Alzheimer's Disease: From Molecular Mechanisms To Therapeutic Strategies, Michelle D Rudman, Jason D Ulrich, David M Holtzman

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains the leading cause of dementia worldwide and an escalating global health crisis. The hallmark amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) are now known to be accompanied by a complex array of pathologies that culminate in neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. New disease-modifying therapies for AD can now slow cognitive decline through the removal of amyloid plaques from the brain, but treatments to stop or prevent cognitive impairment remain elusive. In this review, we summarize the most recent updates in AD research on pathologic disease mechanisms and therapeutic strategies, highlighting advancements in apolipoprotein E (APOE) biology, neuroimmunology, biomarker …

Tgf-Β Drives The Conversion Of Conventional Nk Cells Into Uterine Tissue-Resident Nk Cells To Support Murine Pregnancy, Josselyn D Barahona, Liping Yang, D Michael Nelson, Wayne M Yokoyama

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Tissue microenvironments shape lymphocyte differentiation to align immune function with local physiological demands. Uterine natural killer (NK) cells are critical for reproductive success, yet the molecular cues in the uterus that instruct their specialized identities remain incompletely understood. Here, we identify a TGF-β-dependent differentiation pathway by which circulating conventional NK cells convert into uterine tissue-resident NK cells during murine pregnancy. Loss of TGF-β receptor II expression in