Digital Commons Network^™

Novel Loci For Triglyceride/Hdl-C Ratio Longitudinal Change Among Subjects Without T2d, Lihua Wang, Siyu Wang, Jason A Anema, Vaha A Moghaddam, Yanli Lu, Shiow Lin, E Warwick Daw, Allison L Kuipers, Iva Miljkovic, Michael Brent, Gary J Patti, Bharat Thygarajan, Joseph M Zmuda, Michael A Province, Ping An

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Triglyceride (TG)/HDL-C ratio (THR) is a surrogate predictor of hyperinsulinemia. To identify novel genetic loci for THR change over time (ΔTHR), we conducted genome-wide association study (GWAS) and genome-wide linkage scan (GWLS) among nondiabetic Europeans from the Long Life Family Study (n = 1,384). Subjects with diabetes or on dyslipidemia medications were excluded. ΔTHR was derived using growth curve modeling and adjusted for age, sex, field centers, and principal components. GWAS used a linear mixed model accounting for familial relatedness. GWLS employed haplotype-based identity-by-descent estimation with 0.5 cM average spacing. Heritability of ΔTHR was moderate (46%). Our GWAS identified a …

The Cross-Sectional Association Between State-Level Public Health Funding Per Capita And Physical Health Among Adults In The United States, Stephen Hunter, Sze Y. Liu, Daniel M. Cook, Kia L. Davis, Brendan T. Smith, Roman Pabayo

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVES: This study examined the association between state-level public health funding per capita and the odds of poor physical health.

STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional.

METHODS: Data from the 2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) were used. Participants' self-reported physical health was reported using the CDC Healthy Days Core Module. State-level public health funding per capita was obtained from the State Health Access Data Assistance Center website. Multilevel logistic regression was used to adjust for self-reported individual-level characteristics and state-level characteristics from the 2018 American Community Survey. We also tested whether household income or education attainment moderated any observed associations.

RESULTS: …

Viral Kinetics Among Persons Living With Hiv (Plwh) On Dolutegravir-Based Antiretroviral Regimen: A Retrospective And Prospective Analysis From Selected Hiv Clinics In Ghana, Samuel Badu Nyarko, Joel Adu Twum, Aikins Sarpong Obeng, Helena Dede Djangba, Oksana Ryabinina, Foster Kyei, George Boateng Kyei, Nicholas Ekow Thomford

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Dolutegravir (DTG)-based antiretroviral therapy has demonstrated superior efficacy, tolerability, and durability when compared to other HIV treatment regimens. However, monitoring viral kinetics is critical for determining treatment efficacy and making sound judgments. The purpose of this study was to assess viral kinetics in people living with HIV (PLWH) on DTG-based ART and identify characteristics related to virologic response in the Cape Coast Metropolis, Ghana.

METHODS: Among people living with HIV (PLWH) attending HIV clinics between January 2020 and December 2023, a prospective and retrospective analysis of viral kinetics and clinical data were carried out. Data on viral loads, clinical …

Testing Job Wellbeing Indicators Among Community Behavioral Health Workers: Community-Based Participatory Research, Sadaaki Fukui, Wei Wu, Jennifer Garabrant, Michelle P. Salyers, Nathaniel Dell, Emily Bass, Jaime Greenfield, Gary Morse

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Many community behavioral health organizations (CBHOs) continue to struggle with their employees' reduced job wellbeing and job disengagement (i.e., turnover intentions, actual turnover). Understanding employees' job wellbeing priorities in their organizational contexts is essential to address the challenges, especially for workers in diverse work settings such as CBHOs. We used community-based participatory research (CBPR) strategies to develop and test job wellbeing indicators. The current study implemented 11 indicators with 168 people employed at a CBHO through initial and 6-month follow-up surveys. Positive endorsement of job wellbeing indicators differed based on employees' demographic (e.g., race, education, marital status) and job (e.g., …

The Role Of Telehealth In Sepsis Care In Rural Emergency Departments: A Qualitative Study Of Emergency Department Sepsis Telehealth User Perspectives, Nicholas M. Mohr, Kimberly A. S. Merchant, Brian M. Fuller, Brett Faine, Luke Mack, Amanda Bell, Katie Dejong, Edith A. Parker, Keith Mueller, Elizabeth Chrischilles, Christopher R. Carpenter, Michael P. Jones, Steven Q. Simpson, Marcia M. Ward

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: Sepsis is a leading cause of hospitalization and death in the United States, and rural patients are at particularly high risk. Telehealth has been proposed as one strategy to narrow rural-urban disparities. The objective of this study was to understand why rural emergency department (ED) staff use provider-to-provider telehealth (tele-ED) and how tele-ED care changes the care for rural patients with sepsis.

METHODS: We conducted a qualitative interview study between February 15, 2022, and May 22, 2023, with participants from upper Midwest rural EDs and tele-ED hub physicians in a single tele-ED network that delivers provider-to-provider consultation for sepsis …

Multisensory Naturalistic Decoding With High-Density Diffuse Optical Tomography, Kalyan Tripathy, Zachary E Markow, Morgan Fogarty, Mariel L Schroeder, Alexa M Svoboda, Adam T Eggebrecht, Bradley L Schlaggar, Jason W Trobaugh, Joseph P Culver

2020-Current year OA Pubs

SIGNIFICANCE: Decoding naturalistic content from brain activity has important neuroscience and clinical implications. Information about visual scenes and intelligible speech has been decoded from cortical activity using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electrocorticography, but widespread applications are limited by the logistics of these technologies.

AIM: High-density diffuse optical tomography (HD-DOT) offers image quality approaching that of fMRI but with the silent, open scanning environment afforded by optical methods, thus opening the door to more naturalistic research and applications. Although early visual decoding studies with HD-DOT have been promising, decoding of naturalistic auditory and multisensory stimulus information from HD-DOT data …

Zika Virus Encephalitis Causes Transient Reduction Of Functional Cortical Connectivity, Shannon C Agner, Lindsey M Brier, Jeremy D Hill, Ethan Y Liu, Annie Bice, Rachel M Rahn, Shengxuan Chen, Joseph P Culver, Robyn S Klein

2020-Current year OA Pubs

SIGNIFICANCE: Determining the long-term cognitive impact of infections is clinically challenging. Using functional cortical connectivity, we demonstrate that interhemispheric cortical connectivity is decreased in individuals with acute Zika virus (ZIKV) encephalitis. This correlates with decreased presynaptic terminals in the somatosensory cortex. During recovery from ZIKV infection, presynaptic terminals recover, which is associated with recovered interhemispheric connectivity. This supports the contribution of synapses in the cortex to functional networks in the brain, which can be detected by widefield optical imaging. Although myeloid cell and astrocyte numbers are still increased during recovery, RNA transcription of multiple proinflammatory cytokines that increase during acute …

Clinical Trials For Wolfram Syndrome Neurodegeneration: Novel Design, Endpoints, And Analysis Models, Guoqiao Wang, Zhaolong Adrian Li, Ling Chen, Heather Lugar, Tamara Hershey

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: Wolfram syndrome, an ultra-rare condition, currently lacks effective treatment options. The rarity of this disease presents significant challenges in conducting clinical trials, particularly in achieving sufficient statistical power (e.g., 80%). The objective of this study is to propose a novel clinical trial design based on real-world data to reduce the sample size required for conducting clinical trials for Wolfram syndrome.

METHODS: We propose a novel clinical trial design with three key features aimed at reducing sample size and improve efficiency: (i) Pooling historical/external controls from a longitudinal observational study conducted by the Washington University Wolfram Research Clinic. (ii) Utilizing …

Examining And Classifying Reasons For Missing Viral Loads Among Adults Living With Hiv: An Extended Outcome Investigation And Ascertainment Approach In Western Kenya, Harriet Fridah Adhiambo, Jayne Lewis-Kulzer, Edwin Nyagesoa, Sarah Gimbel, Eliud Akama, Dorothy Mangale, Lina Montonya, Ingrid Eshun-Wilson, Sarah Iguna, Everlyne Nyandieka, Elizabeth Bukusi, Lisa Abuogi, Thomas Odeny, Maya L. Petersen, Elvin H. Geng

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Gaps in HIV RNA monitoring persist globally impeding the ability to determine clinical progress and outcomes. This study systematically evaluated provider (e.g., guideline non-adherence), system (e.g., laboratory error) and participant-level (e.g., refusal) drivers of missed viral load (VL) monitoring measurements among people with HIV in Kenya. Adults aged 18-65 years were followed across five health facilities in Kenya as part of a clinical trial (NCT#02338739) where HIV RNA monitoring was done routinely. Instances of missed VL despite being indicated per Kenyan guidelines were identified. An algorithm for assessing root causes of missing HIV RNA was developed and generalized linear models …

Rethinking Immune Check Point Inhibitors Use In Liver Transplantation: Implications And Resistance, Vivian Ortiz, Emilien Loeuillard

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer therapy, including the two most common liver tumors, hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma, but their use in the peri-transplantation period is controversial. ICI therapy aims to heighten cytotoxic T lymphocytes response against tumors. However, tumor recurrence is common owing to tumor immune response escape involving ablation of CTL response by interfering with antigen presentation, triggering CLT apoptosis and inducing epigenetic changes that promote ICI therapy resistance. ICI can also affect tissue resident memory T cell population, impact tolerance in the post-transplant period, and induce acute inflammation risking graft survival post-transplant. Their interaction with immunosuppression …

Poor Sleep Is Common In Treatment-Resistant Late-Life Depression And Associated With Poorer Antidepressant Response: Findings From The Optimum Clinical Trial, Michael S B Mak, Marie Anne Gebara, Eric J Lenze, Daniel M Blumberger, Patrick J Brown, Pilar Cristancho, Alastair J Flint, Jordan F Karp, Helen Lavretsky, J Philip Miller, Charles F Reynolds 3rd, Steven P Roose, Benoit H Mulsant, Sarah T Stahl

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Adults with treatment-resistant late-life depression (TRLLD) have high rates of sleep problems; however, little is known about the occurrence and change in sleep during pharmacotherapy of TRLLD. This analysis examined: (1) the occurrence of insufficient sleep among adults with TRLLD; (2) how sleep changed during pharmacotherapy; and (3) whether treatment outcomes differed among participants with persistent insufficient sleep, worsened sleep, improved sleep, or persistent sufficient sleep.

METHODS: Secondary analysis of data from 634 participants age 60+ years in the OPTIMUM clinical trial for TRLLD. Sleep was assessed using the sleep item from the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale at the …

Molecular Regulation And Therapeutic Targeting Of Vldl Production In Cardiometabolic Disease, Kendall H Burks, Nathan O Stitziel, Nicholas O Davidson

2020-Current year OA Pubs

There exists a complex relationship between steatotic liver disease (SLD) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). CVD is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among individuals with SLD, particularly those with metabolic dysfunction-associated SLD (MASLD), a significant proportion of whom also exhibit features of insulin resistance. Recent evidence supports an expanded role of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) in the pathogenesis of CVD in patients, both with and without associated metabolic dysfunction. VLDL represents the major vehicle for exporting neutral lipid from hepatocytes, with each particle containing one molecule of apolipoproteinB100 (APOB100). VLDL production becomes dysregulated under conditions characteristic of MASLD …

Reliability Of Wrist Arthroscopy In The Diagnosis And Treatment Of Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex Tears, Elizabeth A Graesser, Lindley B Wall, Sanjeev Kakar, Jeffrey Yao, Marc J Richard, R Glenn Gaston, Charles A Goldfarb

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: Wrist arthroscopy is considered the gold standard for diagnosis of intra-articular wrist conditions including triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) tears; however, the ability to reliably diagnose TFCC pathology during wrist arthroscopy is unclear. The purpose of this study was to assess the reliability of the diagnosis of TFCC tears on wrist arthroscopy videos.

METHODS: Five hand surgeons reviewed 43 cases on a secure web-based platform at two time points separated by 4-6 weeks. Each case included a deidentified clinical vignette and wrist radiographs with ulnar variance measurements and an arthroscopy video of ulnar wrist pathology, averaging 42 seconds. Surgeons were …

Costs Of Non-Metastatic Prostate Cancer Treatment Among Privately Insured Men In The United States, Ashley J. Housten, Su-Hsin Chang, Hannah E. Rice, Allison J. L'Hotta, Eric H. Kim, Bettina F. Drake, Joanna L. Buss, Mary C. Politi

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Our objective was to quantify the cumulative total and out-of-pocket (OOP) costs for 3 non-metastatic prostate cancer treatment modalities: radiation, surgery, and conservative management at intervals of 1-, 3-, and 5-years post-diagnosis. We predicted these cumulative costs for a typical patient to improve cost transparency, facilitate conversations about potential costs, and to help advance non-metastatic prostate cancer cost evaluation.

METHODS: We used Merative™ MarketScan® Commercial Database data from 2007-2020. The cumulative total costs evaluated from the healthcare sector perspective were patient, clinician, and system/facility costs. We used descriptive statistics to summarize the sociodemographic characteristics of the cohort and a …

Vibrotactile Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation Alters Limbic System Connectivity In Humans: A Pilot Study, Kara M. Donovan, Joshua D. Adams, Ki Yun Park, Phillip Demarest, Gansheng Tan, Jon T. Willie, Peter Brunner, Jenna L. Gorlewicz, Eric C. Leuthardt

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Vibration offers a potential alternative modality for transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS). However, mechanisms of action are not well-defined. The goal of this pilot study was to evaluate the potential of vibrotactile stimulation of the outer ear as a method for activating central brain regions similarly to established vagal nerve stimulation methods. Seven patients with intractable epilepsy undergoing stereotactic electroencephalography (sEEG) monitoring participated in the study. Vibrotactile taVNS was administered across five vibration frequencies (2, 6, 12, 20, and 40 Hz) following a randomized stimulation pattern with 30 trials per frequency. Spectral coherence during stimulation was analyzed across theta …

First Successful Ovarian Cortex Allotransplant To A Turner Syndrome Patient Requiring Immunosuppression: Wide Implications, Sherman J Silber, Sierra Goldsmith, Benjamin Rubinoff, Eduardo Kelly, Rowena Delos Santos, Anibal Melo, Daniel Brennan

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether we can safely and successfully transplant an ovary tissue allograft from a nonidentical donor to her Turner syndrome sister.

DESIGN: Transplantation of cryopreserved ovary tissue, as well as fresh transplantation of ovarian tissue between identical twins, is now well established with numerous reported successful cases. However, there have not yet been any ovary transplants between nonidentical women requiring immunosuppression (ovary allotransplant). This could be a much more common indication for ovary tissue transplantation if safe and reliable immunosuppression were available.

PATIENT(S): A 20-year-old amenorrheic woman with nonmosaic 45-XO Turner syndrome requested ovary tissue transplantation from her …

A Holistic Ecosystem Model To Diversify The Physician Workforce And Enhance Health, Erik J Porfeli, Sunny Nakae, Leila Amiri, Leila E Harrison, Will Ross

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: The U.S. medical education system attracts and trains the next generation of physicians to advance the health care needs of a growing and increasingly diverse nation. This system can be credited for supplying a physician workforce achieving remarkable growth and innovation, yielding one of the world's most technologically advanced health care systems on the planet. This system, unfortunately, also contributes to educational, workforce, and health disparities.

OBSERVATIONS: The successes and challenges of the medical education and health care system align with broader economic, health, and educational patterns in the United States. An ecological model can be employed to unite …

Concomitant Traumatic Brain Injury Exacerbates Endotheliopathy In Patients With Spinal Cord Injury, Shahab Hafezi, Miguel A. Ruiz-Cardozo, Sarbani Ghosh, Sravanthi Bandla, Matthew N. Montoya Rush, Anand Dharmarajan, Mark H. Hoofnagle, Isaiah R. Turnbull, Camilo A. Molina, Grace M. Niziolek

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Baseline Clinical Characterization Of Participants In The Accelerating Medicines Partnership Schizophrenia Program, Jean Addington, Daniel Mamah, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: This paper focuses on the baseline clinical characterization of the participants in the Accelerating Medicines Partnership Schizophrenia (AMP SCZ) program. The AMP SCZ program is designed to investigate a wide array of clinical variables and biomarkers in a total of 2040 clinical high-risk (CHR) participants and 652 community control (CC) participants.

METHODS: The dataset analyzed includes 1642 individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis and 519 CCs. Key measures include the Positive Symptoms and Diagnostic Criteria for the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States Harmonized with the Structured Interview for Psychosis-Risk Syndromes, which determined CHR criteria and the severity …

Sample Ascertainment And Recruitment Sources In The Accelerating Medicines Partnership Schizophrenia Program, Jean Addington, Daniel Mamah, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: This paper presents the recruitment sources of clinical high-risk (CHR) and community controls (CC) from the Accelerating Medicines Partnership Schizophrenia (AMP SCZ) program, which aims to study various clinical variables and biomarkers in 2040 CHR and 652 CC participants.

METHODS: A total of 1640 CHR and 514 CC had recruitment source data. The Positive Symptoms and Diagnostic Criteria for the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States Harmonized with the SIPS was utilized to assess CHR criteria and severity of attenuated psychotic symptoms (APSs), and the Global Functioning: Social Scale was used for social functioning. Participants were recruited through various …

An Explainable Ai Approach For Mapping Multivariate Regional Brain Age And Clinical Severity Patterns In Alzheimer's Disease, Gauri Darekar, Taslim Murad, Hui-Yuan Miao, Deepa S Thakuri, Alzheimer’S Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Ganesh B Chand

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Age is a significant risk factor for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) and identifying brain age patterns is critical for comprehending the normal aging and MCI/AD processes. Prior studies have widely established the univariate relationships between brain regions and age, while multivariate associations remain largely unexplored. Herein, various artificial intelligence (AI) models were used to perform brain age prediction using an MRI dataset (

Sociodemographic Factors Predict Outcomes And Reveal Spatial Tumor Patterns In Glioblastoma, Patrick H Luckett, Michael Olufawo, Noah Naddaff-Slocum, Ki Yun Park, Bidhan Lamichhane, Donna Dierker, Gabriel Trevino Verastegui, John J Lee, Peter Yang, Albert Kim, Omar H Butt, Milan G Chheda, Abraham Z Snyder, Joshua S Shimony, Eric C Leuthardt

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the deadliest malignant glioma of the central nervous system. Postsurgical functional impairment correlates with survival and is estimated using metrics such as extent and location of resection. This study uses machine learning to evaluate the predictive ability of baseline sociodemographic and lifestyle factors for forecasting postoperative functional outcomes in GBM patients.

METHODS: Glioblastoma patients (

RESULTS: Utilizing decision trees with age, SVI/SES, sex, tobacco use, alcohol use, obesity, and race as predictors, we achieved 88% accuracy in classifying median KPS and 85% accuracy in classifying KPS slope. Socioeconomic factors were the strongest predictors. Age, sex, and …

Phase I Study Of Nt-I7, A Long-Acting Interleukin-7, In Severe Treatment-Related Lymphopenia Following Standard Radiation And Temozolomide For High-Grade Glioma, Jian L Campian, Milan G Chheda, John F Dipersio, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: High-grade gliomas (HGG) have a poor prognosis despite aggressive treatment. Severe, persistent lymphopenia occurring in HGG patients after concurrent chemoradiation is associated with worse survival. NT-I7, a long-acting interleukin-7 analog, has been shown to increase CD4 and CD8 counts in healthy, septic, and HIV-positive adults. This multi-institutional, NCI-funded dose-escalation trial is the first to evaluate NT-I7 safety and activity in HGG patients with severe treatment-related lymphopenia (TRL) and the effect of co-administered glucocorticoids.

METHODS: Eligible HGG patients had CD4 counts < 300 cells/mm

RESULTS: NT-I7 was well tolerated in all 12 patients (median age 64; median CD4 count 161 cells/mm³) before the …

Recombinant Human Alpha-N-Acetylglucosamine-6-Sulfatase Delivered To Sanfilippo D Mice With Repeated Intracerebroventricular Injections Corrects Cns Pathology, Grant L. Austin, Feng Wang, Steven Q. Le, Alexander Sorensen, Shan Li, Lai C. Foong, Srikanth Singamsetty, Jill Wood, Tsui-Fen Chou, Patricia I. Dickson

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIID (MPS IIID; Sanfilippo D) is caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in N-acetylglucosamine-6-sulfatase (GNS), which participates in catabolism of heparan sulfate (HS) glycosaminoglycans. Characterization of MPS IIID disease at a cellular level has not been robustly achieved. We used unbiased quantitative proteomics to establish a cellular phenotype for MPS IIID mice. Recombinant human GNS (rhGNS), a variant of which previously demonstrated single dose efficacy in MPS IIID human fibroblasts and in MPS IIID neonatal mice, was used to establish a repeat dosing schedule to treat MPS IIID mice. Adult Gns KO mice or heterozygous carriers were treated via …

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome And Occupational Co-Exposure To Biomechanical Factors And Neurotoxic Chemicals Using Job-Exposure Matrices And Self-Reported Exposure: Findings From The Constances Cohort, Julie Bodin, Clémence Rapicault, Alexis Descatha, Marc Fadel, Fabien Gilbert, Bradley Evanoff, Nathalie Bonvallot, Marcel Goldberg, Marie Zins, Yves Roquelaure

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: To study the association between occupational co-exposure to biomechanical risk factors, potentially neurotoxic chemicals and carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) in a large cohort of French workers, using two methods to estimate chemical exposure: job-exposure matrices (JEM) and self-reported exposure.

METHODS: A randomly selected sample of adults were included between 2012 and 2018 in the French cohort CONSTANCES. Self-reported CTS was assessed using the first self-administered follow-up questionnaire, sent out approximately one year after baseline. Occupational exposure to biomechanical risk factors was assessed using self-administered questionnaire completed at inclusion. Lifetime occupational exposure to chemicals was assessed using two different methods: …

Colorectal Cancer Incidence Trends In Younger Versus Older Adults: An Analysis Of Population-Based Cancer Registry Data, Hyuna Sung, Rebecca L Siegel, Mathieu Laversanne, Chenxi Jiang, Eileen Morgan, Mariam Zahwe, Yin Cao, Freddie Bray, Ahmedin Jemal

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that colorectal cancer incidence is increasing among younger adults (aged < 50 years) in multiple high-income western countries in contrast with stabilising or decreasing trends in incidence in older adults (aged ≥50 years). This study aimed to investigate contemporary colorectal cancer incidence trends in younger adults versus older adults.

METHODS: Colorectal cancer incidence data, including year of diagnosis, sex, and 5-year age group for 50 countries and territories, were extracted from the WHO-International Agency for Research on Cancer Cancer Incidence in Five Continents Plus database. The Human Development Index 2022 was retrieved from the United Nations Development Programme and grouped into very high (>0·80), high (0·70-0·79), medium (0·55-0·69), and low (< 0·55) categories. Age-standardised incidence rates (ASR) per 100 000 person-years of early-onset (diagnosed between ages 25 to 49 years) and late-onset (diagnosed between ages 50 to 74 years) colorectal cancer (ICD 10th revision, C18-20), diagnosed between 1943-2003 and 2015-17, were calculated using the direct method and Segi-Doll world standard population). The primary study objective was to examine contemporary colorectal cancer incidence trends in younger adults versus older adults using data until 2017 from 50 countries and territories. Temporal trends were visualised and quantified with joinpoint regression, stratified by age at diagnosis (25-49 years or 50-74 years). Average annual percentage changes (AAPC) were estimated.

FINDINGS: In the most recent 5 years (2013-17 for all countries analysed, except for Japan [2011-15], Spain [2012-16], and Costa Rica [2012-16]), …

Surgeon Interpretation Of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures In Upper Extremity Osteoarthritis, Rick S. Looman, Koen Oude Nijhuis, Sina Ramtin, David Ring, Daniel A. London, Ryan Calfee, Niels Brinkman, Science Of Variation Group

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: Measures that quantify levels of pain intensity, incapability, symptoms of distress, and unhelpful thinking were designed as research tools. We studied how surgeons interpret and act on these scores in the care of individual patients.

METHODS: In an online experiment, 67 upper limb specialists from the Science of Variation Group reviewed 10 fictious patient scenarios of trapeziometacarpal, wrist and elbow osteoarthritis (OA) and randomized elements of radiographic severity, levels of discomfort and incapability, deprivation index score (social health), and levels of distress and unhelpful thinking (mental health). Multilevel mixed-effects linear regression identified patient factors associated with surgeon concern, enthusiasm …

Preliminary Investigation Of Obstructive Sleep Apnea And Alzheimer's Disease In Down Syndrome, Dasoo M Yoon, David T Plante, Victoria Fleming, Benjamin Handen, Patrick Lao, Jamie Peven, Bradley Christian, Ozioma Okonkwo, Charles Laymon, Beau Ances, Christy Hom, Brian Helsel, Sigan L Hartley

2020-Current year OA Pubs

This study provided a preliminary examination of indices of obstructive sleep apsnea (OSA) and sleep disruptions in adults with Down syndrome (DS), and their associations with Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology and symptomatology. A total of 93 adults with DS (aged 25-61 years) from the Alzheimer Biomarker Consortium-DS completed cognitive assessments, MRI and positron emission tomography (PET) scans (assessing amyloid-beta [Aβ] and tau), and a one-night home sleep study using the WatchPAT-300 device. Study partners also reported on depressive symptoms and diagnoses. Correlational analyses examined relationships between sleep variables, PET biomarkers, and AD symptomatology (cognitive functioning and depressive mood), controlling for …

Thalamic And Visual Network Dysfunction Relates To Tremor Response In Thalamic Deep Brain Stimulation, Aimee E Morris, Babatunde Adeyemo, Meghan C Campbell, Abraham Z Snyder, Joel S Perlmutter, Jonathan W Mink, Scott A Norris

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Essential tremor (ET) is the most common movement disorder in adults, but its pathogenesis is incompletely understood. Deep brain stimulation of the ventral intermediate thalamic nucleus (VIM DBS) provides effective treatment for medically-refractory cases. We aimed to determine how pre-surgical resting-state functional connectivity (FC) in medically-refractory ET relates to VIM DBS clinical response.

METHODS: We analyzed resting-state FC MRI in 21 participants with medically-refractory ET who subsequently underwent VIM DBS and 34 matched controls. We applied rigorous quality assurance to minimize motion artifact. Whole-brain correlation matrices were computed across 300 cortical, subcortical, and cerebellar regions and compared across groups …

Retraining And Control Therapy: Sense Of Control And Catastrophic Symptom Expectations As Targets Of A Cognitive Behavioral Treatment For Pediatric Functional Seizures, Caroline Watson, Badhma Valaiyapathi, Jerzy P Szaflarski, Burel R Goodin, Aaron D Fobian

2020-Current year OA Pubs

UNLABELLED: This manuscript outlines the methodology of a randomized controlled trial (Clinical Registry #: NCT06007053) that aims to assess sense of control and catastrophic symptom expectations as targets of Retraining and Control Therapy (ReACT) a cognitive behavioral treatment for pediatric functional seizures (FS). Participants will complete baseline assessments of treatment targets and other outcome measures. The intervention will consist of either 12 sessions of ReACT or supportive therapy (i.e., unstructured, discussion-oriented therapy). Treatment targets and other outcome measures will be assessed again at one-week post-treatment and two-months post-treatment. The findings of the outlined study will contribute to the growing body …