Digital Commons Network^™

Mycoplasma Genitalium In The Us (Mygenius): Surveillance Data From Sexual Health Clinics In 4 Us Regions, Lisa E Manhart, Gina Leipertz, Olusegun O Soge, Stephen J Jordan, Candice Mcneil, Preeti Pathela, Hilary Reno, Karen Wendel, Anika Parker, William M Geisler, Damon Getman, Matthew R Golden, Mygenius Study Team

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) is on the CDC Watch List of Antimicrobial Resistance Threats, yet there is no systematic surveillance to monitor change.

METHODS: We initiated surveillance in sexual health clinics in 6 cities, selecting a quota sample of urogenital specimens tested for gonorrhea and/or chlamydia. We abstracted patient data from medical records and detected MG and macrolide-resistance mutations (MRMs) by nucleic acid amplification testing. We used Poisson regression to estimate adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% CIs, adjusting for sampling criteria (site, birth sex, symptom status).

RESULTS: From October-December 2020 we tested 1743 urogenital specimens: 57.0% from males, 46.1% …

Mixed Methods Evaluation Of Handshake Antimicrobial Stewardship On Adult Inpatient Medicine Floors, Elizabeth A Neuner, Andrew Atkinson, Dan Ilges, Tamara Krekel, David J Ritchie, Alice F Bewley, Michael J Durkin, Kevin Hsueh, Sena Sayood

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of handshake antimicrobial stewardship on medicine floors at a large tertiary care hospital.

DESIGN: Retrospective observational study.

SETTING: 1,278-bed academic hospital.

PATIENTS: Adults admitted to non-ICU medicine services.

INTERVENTIONS: A handshake stewardship team consisting of an infectious diseases (ID) physician and pharmacist reviewed charts of patients receiving antimicrobials on medicine floors without a formal ID consult. Recommendations were communicated in-person to providers and acceptance rates were examined with descriptive statistics. Additional data regarding program perception among providers were obtained via surveys. Antibiotic usage trends were extracted from National Healthcare Safety Network Antimicrobial Use option data …

Perspectives On Research Needs In Healthcare Epidemiology, Infection Prevention, And Antimicrobial Stewardship: What's On The Horizon-Part Ii, Jonas Marschall, Rachael E Snyders, Hugo Sax, Jason G Newland, Thais Guimarães, Jennie H Kwon

2020-Current year OA Pubs

In this overview, we articulate research needs and opportunities in the field of infection prevention that have been identified from insights gained during operative infection prevention work, our own research in healthcare epidemiology, and from reviewing the literature. The 10 areas of research need are: 1) Transmissions and interruptions, 2) personal protective equipment and other safety issues in occupational health, 3) climate change and other crises, 4) device, diagnostic, and antimicrobial stewardship, 5) implementation and deimplementation, 6) healthcare outside the acute care hospital, 7) low- and middle-income countries, 8) networking with the "neighbors," 9) novel research methodologies, and 10) the …

Perspectives On Research Needs In Healthcare Epidemiology And Antimicrobial Stewardship: What's On The Horizon - Part I, Jonas Marschall, Rachael E Snyders, Hugo Sax, Jason G Newland, Thais Guimarães, Jennie H Kwon

2020-Current year OA Pubs

In this overview, we articulate research needs and opportunities in the field of infection prevention that have been identified from insights gained during operative infection prevention work, our own research in healthcare epidemiology, and from reviewing the literature. The 10 areas of research need are: 1) transmissions and interruptions, 2) personal protective equipment and other safety issues in occupational health, 3) climate change and other crises, 4) device, diagnostic, and antimicrobial stewardship, 5) implementation and de-implementation, 6) health care outside the acute care hospital, 7) low- and middle-income countries, 8) networking with the "neighbors", 9) novel research methodologies, and 10) …

Infection And Inflammation Stimulate Expansion Of A Cd74+ Paneth Cell Subset To Regulate Disease Progression, Iyshwarya Balasubramanian, Shengxiang Sun, Ta-Chiang Liu, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Paneth cells (PCs), a specialized secretory cell type in the small intestine, are increasingly recognized as having an essential role in host responses to microbiome and environmental stresses. Whether and how commensal and pathogenic microbes modify PC composition to modulate inflammation remain unclear. Using newly developed PC-reporter mice under conventional and gnotobiotic conditions, we determined PC transcriptomic heterogeneity in response to commensal and invasive microbes at single cell level. Infection expands the pool of CD74

Duvelisib For Critically Ill Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019: An Investigator-Initiated, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Pilot Trial, Scott R Goldsmith, Fahrettin Covut, Mark Fiala, Zhifu Xiang, Zahid Iqbal, Elizabeth Bradtke, Brandon Christen, Michael P Rettig, Stephanie Christ, Leah Gehrs, Emily Street, Nicholas Wallace, Julie Ritchey, Feng Gao, Bijal Parikh, Erik R Dubberke, John F Dipersio, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Despite improvements in prevention and treatment, severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with high mortality. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathways contribute to cytokine and cell-mediated lung inflammation. We conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind pilot trial to determine the feasibility, safety, and preliminary activity of duvelisib, a PI3Kδγ inhibitor, for the treatment of COVID-19 critical illness.

METHODS: We enrolled adults aged ≥18 years with a primary diagnosis of COVID-19 with hypoxic respiratory failure, shock, and/or new cardiac disease, without improvement after at least 48 hours of corticosteroid. Participants received duvelisib (25 mg) or placebo for up to 10 days. Participants …

Copy-Back Viral Genomes Induce A Cellular Stress Response That Interferes With Viral Protein Expression Without Affecting Antiviral Immunity, Lavinia J González Aparicio, Yanling Yang, Matthew Hackbart, Carolina B. López

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Antiviral responses are often accompanied by translation inhibition and formation of stress granules (SGs) in infected cells. However, the triggers for these processes and their role during infection remain subjects of active investigation. Copy-back viral genomes (cbVGs) are the primary inducers of the mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS) pathway and antiviral immunity during Sendai virus (SeV) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections. The relationship between cbVGs and cellular stress during viral infections is unknown. Here, we show that SGs form during infections containing high levels of cbVGs, and not during infections with low levels of cbVGs. Moreover, using RNA fluorescent in …

Invasive Community-Onset Gram-Positive Infections From July 2018 Through December 2022 At 2 Children's Hospitals, Eric E Engstrom, Alexander S Plattner, J Chase Mcneil, Kristina G Hulten, Patrick J Reich, Mary G Boyle, James J Dunn, Stephanie A Fritz, Sheldon L Kaplan

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Invasive infections caused by

METHODS: Cases of iGAS, IPD, and I-CO-SA infections were identified prospectively and retrospectively at 2 large US children's hospitals by positive cultures from July 2018 through December 2022. Admission data were used to estimate frequency. For comparison, rates of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza, and SARS-CoV-2 were estimated by the number of positive viral test results at each institution.

RESULTS: I-CO-SA infections showed little variation in the study period. Rates of iGAS infection and IPD decreased by 46% and 44%, respectively, from 2019 to 2020, coinciding with a substantial decrease in RSV and influenza. In …

Reducing Length Of Antibiotics For Children With Ear Infections: Protocol For A Cluster-Randomized Trial In The Usa, Amy Keith, Timothy C Jenkins, Sonja O'Leary, Amy B Stein, Sophie E Katz, Jason Newland, Deborah J Rinehart, Aiden Gilbert, Sherry Dodd, Cindy M Terrill, Holly M Frost

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Amoxicillin On The Gut Microbiome Of Children With Severe Acute Malnutrition In Madarounfa, Niger: A Retrospective Metagenomic Analysis Of A Placebo-Controlled Trial, Drew J Schwartz, Amy Langdon, Xiaoqing Sun, Céline Langendorf, Fatou Berthé, Rebecca F Grais, Indi Trehan, Sheila Isanaka, Gautam Dantas

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Children with severe acute malnutrition are treated with antibiotics as outpatients. We aimed to determine the effect of 7 days of amoxicillin on acute and long-term changes to the gut microbiome and antibiotic resistome in children treated for severe acute malnutrition.

METHODS: We conducted a secondary analysis of a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial (NCT01613547) of amoxicillin in children (aged 6-59 months) with severe acute malnutrition treated as outpatients in Madarounfa, Niger. We randomly selected 161 children from the overall cohort (n=2399) for initial 12-week follow-up from Sept 23, 2013 to Feb 3, 2014. We selected a convenience sample of …

Bhlhe40 Mediates Cross-Talk Between Pathogenic Th17 Cells And Myeloid Cells During Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis, Melissa E Cook, Irina Shchukina, Chih-Chung Lin, Tara R Bradstreet, Elizabeth A Schwarzkopf, Nicholas N Jarjour, Ashlee M Webber, Konstantin Zaitsev, Maxim N Artyomov, Brian T Edelson

2020-Current year OA Pubs

TH17 cells are implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). We previously reported that the transcription factor basic helix-loop-helix family member e40 (BHLHE40) marks cytokine-producing pathogenic TH cells during EAE, and that its expression in T cells is required for clinical disease. In this study, using dual reporter mice, we show BHLHE40 expression within TH1/17 and ex-TH17 cells following EAE induction. Il17a-Cre-mediated deletion of BHLHE40 in TH cells led to less severe EAE with reduced TH cell cytokine production. Characterization of the leukocytes in the CNS during EAE by single-cell RNA sequencing identified differences in …

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Carrying The Rifampicin Drug-Resistance-Conferring Rpob Mutation H445y Is Associated With Suppressed Immunity Through Type I Interferons, Suhas Bobba, Nicole C Howard, Shibali Das, Mushtaq Ahmed, Linrui Tang, Shyamala Thirunavukkarasu, Michelle H Larsen, Barun Mathema, Maziar Divangahi, Shabaana A Khader

2020-Current year OA Pubs

This study highlights the impact of specific rifampicin-resistance-conferring mutations on the host immune response to

Infants Exposed In Utero To Hurricane Maria Have Gut Microbiomes With Reduced Diversity And Altered Metabolic Capacity, Ai Zhang, David De Ángel Solá, Midnela Acevedo Flores, Lijuan Cao, Leran Wang, Josh G Kim, Phillip I Tarr, Barbara B Warner, Nicolás Rosario Matos, Leyao Wang

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The gut microbiome is a potentially important mechanism that links prenatal disaster exposures with increased disease risks. However, whether prenatal disaster exposures are associated with alterations in the infant's gut microbiome remains unknown. We established a birth cohort study named Hurricane as the Origin of Later Alterations in Microbiome (HOLA) after Hurricane Maria struck Puerto Rico in 2017. We enrolled vaginally born Latino term infants aged 2 to 6 months, including

Volatile Profiling Distinguishes Streptococcus Pyogenes From Other Respiratory Streptococcal Species, Amalia Z Berna, Joseph A Merriman, Leah Mellett, Danealle K Parchment, Michael G Caparon, Audrey R Odom John

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Sore throat is one of the most common complaints encountered in the ambulatory clinical setting. Rapid, culture-independent diagnostic techniques that do not rely on pharyngeal swabs would be highly valuable as a point-of-care strategy to guide outpatient antibiotic treatment. Despite the promise of this approach, efforts to detect volatiles during oropharyngeal infection have yet been limited. In our research study, we sought to evaluate for specific bacterial volatile organic compounds (VOC) biomarkers in isolated cultures

Development Of Novel Composite Data Quality Scores To Evaluate Facility-Level Data Quality In Electronic Data In Kenya: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study, Beryne M Odeny, Anne Njoroge, Steve Gloyd, James P Hughes, Bradley H Wagenaar, Jacob Odhiambo, Lilly M Nyagah, Ayub Manya, Ooga Wesley Oghera, Nancy Puttkammer

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: In this evaluation, we aim to strengthen Routine Health Information Systems (RHIS) through the digitization of data quality assessment (DQA) processes. We leverage electronic data from the Kenya Health Information System (KHIS) which is based on the District Health Information System version 2 (DHIS2) to perform DQAs at scale. We provide a systematic guide to developing composite data quality scores and use these scores to assess data quality in Kenya.

METHODS: We evaluated 187 HIV care facilities with electronic medical records across Kenya. Using quarterly, longitudinal KHIS data from January 2011 to June 2018 (total N = 30 quarters), …

Single High Dose Of Liposomal Amphotericin B In Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Aids-Related Disseminated Histoplasmosis: A Randomized Trial, Alessandro C Pasqualotto, Andrej Spec, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Histoplasmosis is a major AIDS-defining illness in Latin America. Liposomal amphotericin B (L-AmB) is the drug of choice for treatment, but access is restricted due to the high drug and hospitalization costs of the conventional long regimens.

METHODS: Prospective randomized multicenter open-label trial of 1- or 2-dose induction therapy with L-AmB versus control for disseminated histoplasmosis in AIDS, followed by oral itraconazole therapy. We randomized subjects to: (i) single dose 10 mg/kg of L-AmB; (ii) 10 mg/kg of L-AmB on D1, and 5 mg/kg of L-AmB on D3; (iii) 3 mg/kg of L-AmB daily for 2 weeks (control). The …

Elevated Level Of Circulating But Not Urine S100a8/A9 Identifies Poor Covid-19 Outcomes, Leah Mellett, Gaya Amarasinghe, Christopher W Farnsworth, Shabaana A Khader

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The alarmin calprotectin (S100A8/A9) is thought to drive a cytokine storm, a hallmark of severe COVID-19. Recent studies report circulating S100A8/A9 levels can distinguish COVID-19 severity but have only been conducted in non-U.S. cohorts and mainly focus on serum S100A8/A9 levels. Thus, we quantified S100A8/A9 in serum and urine samples from a hospital cohort in St. Louis, Missouri, to expand the understanding of S100A8/A9 as a prognostic biomarker for COVID-19. Elevated S100A8/A9 serum levels were observed in ICU patients (

Shiga Toxin–Producing Escherichia Coli And The Hemolytic–Uremic Syndrome, Stephen B Freedman, Nicole C A J Van De Kar, Phillip I Tarr

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Accuracy And Reliability Of Chatbot Responses To Physician Questions, Rachel S Goodman, Isik Turker, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: Natural language processing tools, such as ChatGPT (generative pretrained transformer, hereafter referred to as chatbot), have the potential to radically enhance the accessibility of medical information for health professionals and patients. Assessing the safety and efficacy of these tools in answering physician-generated questions is critical to determining their suitability in clinical settings, facilitating complex decision-making, and optimizing health care efficiency.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the accuracy and comprehensiveness of chatbot-generated responses to physician-developed medical queries, highlighting the reliability and limitations of artificial intelligence-generated medical information.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-three physicians across 17 specialties generated 284 medical questions that they …

Safety And Immunogenicity Of Live Viral Vaccines In A Multicenter Cohort Of Pediatric Transplant Recipients, Amy G Feldman, Stacy Postma, Janis Stoll, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: Live vaccines (measles-mumps-rubella [MMR] and varicella-zoster virus [VZV]) have not been recommended after solid organ transplant due to concern for inciting vaccine strain infection in an immunocompromised host. However, the rates of measles, mumps, and varicella are rising nationally and internationally, leaving susceptible immunocompromised children at risk for life-threating conditions.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the safety and immunogenicity of live vaccines in pediatric liver and kidney transplant recipients.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cohort study included select pediatric liver and kidney transplant recipients who had not completed their primary MMR and VZV vaccine series and/or who displayed nonprotective serum antibody …

Knowledge, Beliefs, And Practices Related To Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) Infection And Vaccination In Healthcare Personnel Working At Nonacute Care Facilities, Armaghan-E-Rehman Mansoor, Caroline A O'Neil, David Mcdonald, Victoria J Fraser, Hilary M Babcock, Jennie H Kwon, Cdc Prevention Epicenters Program

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: To characterize experiences, beliefs, and perceptions of risk related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), infection prevention practices, and COVID-19 vaccination among healthcare personnel (HCP) at nonacute care facilities.

DESIGN: Anonymous survey.

SETTING: Three non-acute-care facilities in St. Louis, Missouri.

PARTICIPANTS: In total, 156 HCP responded to the survey, for a 25.6% participation rate). Among them, 32% had direct patient-care roles.

METHODS: Anonymous surveys were distributed between April-May 2021. Data were collected on demographics, work experience, COVID-19 exposure, knowledge, and beliefs about infection prevention, personal protective equipment (PPE) use, COVID-19 vaccination, and the impact of COVID-19.

RESULTS: Nearly all respondents …

Impact Of Sars-Cov-2 Infection On The Association Between Laboratory Tests And Severe Outcomes Among Hospitalized Children, Jianling Xie, Fahd A Ahmad, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: To assist clinicians with identifying children at risk of severe outcomes, we assessed the association between laboratory findings and severe outcomes among severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-infected children and determined if SARS-CoV-2 test result status modified the associations.

METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of participants tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection in 41 pediatric emergency departments in 10 countries. Participants were hospitalized, had laboratory testing performed, and completed 14-day follow-up. The primary objective was to assess the associations between laboratory findings and severe outcomes. The secondary objective was to determine if the SARS-CoV-2 test result modified the associations. …

Leveraging Cd4 Cell Count At Entry Into Care To Monitor Success Of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Prevention, Treatment, And Public Health Programming In The Greater St Louis Area Between 2017 And 2020, Lindsey M Filiatreau, Aaloke Mody, Daniel Vo, Cory Bradley, Aditi Ramakrishnan, Julia López, Jane O'Halloran, Anne Trolard, William G Powderly, Elvin H Geng

2020-Current year OA Pubs

CD4 cell count at entry into human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) care is a useful indicator of success of multiple steps in HIV public health programming. We demonstrate that CD4 cell count at care initiation was stable in St Louis between 2017 and 2019 but declined in 2020. Missouri efforts in the Ending the HIV Epidemic plan should focus on rapidly identifying individuals with undiagnosed HIV infection.

Immune Adjuvant Therapy With Interleukin-7 In A Lymphopenic Patient With Aplastic Anemia And Mucormycosis, Zachary D. Crees, Dilan A. Patel, Alexandra Dram, Miriam Kim, Michael D. Bern, Allison R. Eberly, Kristan Augustin, Richard S. Hotchkiss, John F. Dipersio

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: We report the case of a patient with aplastic anemia and pancytopenia on immune-suppressive therapy who developed invasive pulmonary infection with mucormycosis and was treated with immune adjuvant therapy.

CASE SUMMARY: Given the patient's profound lymphopenia and progressive invasive mucor despite dual antifungal drug therapy, interleukin (IL)-7, a cytokine that induces lymphocyte activation and proliferation, was instituted and resulted in normalization of absolute lymphocyte counts and was temporally associated with clearance of fungal pathogens and resolution of clinical symptoms.

CONCLUSION: Patients with life-threatening fungal infections are frequently immune suppressed and immune adjuvant therapies should be considered in patients who …

Introduction To A Compendium Of Strategies To Prevent Healthcare-Associated Infections In Acute-Care Hospitals: 2022 Updates, Deborah S Yokoe, Hilary M Babcock, Erik R Dubberke, Jonas Marschall, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Since the initial publication of

Predicting Severe Disease In Patients Diagnosed With Seasonal Influenza In The Emergency Department, Michael J Pajor, Satish Munigala, Dan Reynolds, Julie Zeigler, Danaye Gebru, Phillip V Asaro, Steven J Lawrence, Stephen Y Liang, Philip A Mudd

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVES: We sought to develop an evidence-based tool to risk stratify patients diagnosed with seasonal influenza in the emergency department (ED).

METHODS: We performed a single-center retrospective cohort study of all adult patients diagnosed with influenza in a large tertiary care ED between 2008 and 2018. We evaluated demographics, triage vital signs, chest x-ray and laboratory results obtained in the ED. We used univariate and multivariate statistics to examine the composite primary outcome of death or need for intubation. We validated our findings in patients diagnosed between 2018 and 2020.

RESULTS: We collected data from 3128 subjects; 2196 in the …

Derivation, Validation, And Clinical Relevance Of A Pediatric Sepsis Phenotype With Persistent Hypoxemia, Encephalopathy, And Shock, L. Nelson Sanchez-Pinto, Tellen D. Bennett, Emily K. Stroup, Yuan Luo, Mihir Atreya, Juliane Bubeck-Wardenburg, Grace Chong, Alon Geva, E. Vincent S. Faustino, Reid W. Farris, Mark W. Hall, Colin Rogerson, Sareen S. Shah, Scott L. Weiss, Robinder G. Khemani

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVES: Untangling the heterogeneity of sepsis in children and identifying clinically relevant phenotypes could lead to the development of targeted therapies. Our aim was to analyze the organ dysfunction trajectories of children with sepsis-associated multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) to identify reproducible and clinically relevant sepsis phenotypes and determine if they are associated with heterogeneity of treatment effect (HTE) to common therapies.

DESIGN: Multicenter observational cohort study.

SETTING: Thirteen PICUs in the United States.

PATIENTS: Patients admitted with suspected infections to the PICU between 2012 and 2018.

INTERVENTIONS: None.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: We used subgraph-augmented nonnegative matrix factorization to …

Molecular Imaging Of Ace2 Expression In Infectious Disease And Cancer, Zhiyao Li, Abbie Hasson, Lasya Daggumati, Hanwen Zhang, Daniel L J Thorek

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a cell-surface receptor that plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Through the use of ligands engineered for the receptor, ACE2 imaging has emerged as a valuable tool for preclinical and clinical research. These can be used to visualize the expression and distribution of ACE2 in tissues and cells. A variety of techniques including optical, magnetic resonance, and nuclear medicine contrast agents have been developed and employed in the preclinical setting. Positron-emitting radiotracers for highly sensitive and quantitative tomography have also been translated in the context of SARS-CoV-2-infected and control patients. Together …

Ifn-Λ Derived From Nonsusceptible Enterocytes Acts On Tuft Cells To Limit Persistent Norovirus, Harshad Ingle, Heyde Makimaa, Somya Aggarwal, Hongju Deng, Lynne Foster, Yuhao Li, Elizabeth A Kennedy, Stefan T Peterson, Craig B Wilen, Sanghyun Lee, Mehul S Suthar, Megan T Baldridge

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Norovirus is a leading cause of epidemic viral gastroenteritis, with no currently approved vaccines or antivirals. Murine norovirus (MNoV) is a well-characterized model of norovirus pathogenesis in vivo, and persistent strains exhibit lifelong intestinal infection. Interferon-λ (IFN-λ) is a potent antiviral that rapidly cures MNoV. We previously demonstrated that IFN-λ signaling in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) controls persistent MNoV, and here demonstrate that IFN-λ acts on tuft cells, the exclusive site of MNoV persistence, to limit infection. While interrogating the source of IFN-λ to regulate MNoV, we confirmed that MDA5-MAVS signaling, required for IFN-λ induction to MNoV in vitro, controls …

Procedure For Handling And Storage Of Onchocerca Volvulus Microfilariae Obtained From Skin Snips For Downstream Genetic Work, Shannon M Hedtke, Anusha Kode, Tony O Ukety, Jöel L Mande, Germain M Abhafule, Anuarite A Raciu, Claude B Uvon, Stephen R Jada, An Hotterbeekx, Joseph Nelson Siewe Fodjo, Makedonka Mitreva, Wilson Sebit, Robert Colebunders, Warwick N Grant, Annette C Kuesel

2020-Current year OA Pubs

WHO and endemic countries target elimination of transmission of