Digital Commons Network^™

Assessment Of Floral-Derived Aromatic Compounds And Sugar Lures To Capture Male And Female Aedes Aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae), Kara Mackenzie Fikrig

Public Health Theses

Abstract

The viruses transmitted by Aedes aegypti, including dengue and Zika viruses, are rapidly expanding in geographic range and as a threat to public health. In response, control programs are increasingly turning to the use of sterile insect techniques resulting in a need to trap male Ae. aegypti in order to monitor the efficacy of the intervention. However, there is a lack of effective and cheap methods for trapping males. We attempted to exploit the male physiological need to obtain energy from sugar feeding in order lure the mosquitoes into a passive trap. We tested promising aromatic and sugar lures …

Azithromycin Pharmacodynamics Against Non-Typeable H. Influenzae, James Fisher

Public Health Theses

Introduction

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death in the United States. Significant clinical disease in COPD patients has been tied to non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHI) infection. However, reasons why some NTHI strains persist despite antimicrobial therapy remain unknown.

Objective

The primary objective was to characterize the pharmacodynamics of azithromycin against a persistent pair of NTHI isolates.

Methods

A persistent pair of NTHI isolates (5P28H1 and 5P54H1) cultured from the sputum of an adult with COPD and determined to be the same strain by multilocus sequence typing was carried for 819 days. The Minimum Inhibitory …

Kidney Transplant Candidate Acceptance Of Live Donor Esrd Risk, Jacqueline Gannon

Public Health Theses

Background: We recently found that potential living kidney donors (LKDs) are willing to accept high levels of end stage renal disease (ESRD) to donate. Since receipt of a living donor kidney is also contingent recipient attitudes, we sought to explore potential recipients’ acceptance of risks to potential LKDs and their attitudes on risk acceptance.

Methods: We conducted a mixed methods prospective study of ESRD patients undergoing evaluation to receive a kidney transplant. Using a novel 10,000 dot diagram, participants indicated the highest chance of a LKD getting ESRD they were willing to accept. Participants also completed demographic, risk taking, and …

Smoking, Genetic Polymorphisms In Dna Repair Genes And Risk Of Thyroid Cancer, Qi Guo

Public Health Theses

While the number of current smokers has declined due to legal and regulatory measures and public health awareness, cigarette smoking remains the top risk factor for many diseases, including cancers originated from various tissues. Meanwhile, thyroid cancer incidence has increased significantly in the USA. Former epidemiology studies have investigated the association between smoking and risk of thyroid cancer, and interestingly results from these studies have shown that smoking has protective effect on risk of thyroid cancer. Studies have tapped into genetic polymorphisms and their association with thyroid cancer (and its subtypes) to further examine the susceptibility of certain gene variants …

Trends In Hpv 16/18-Associated Cervical Lesions In New Haven County, Connecticut, 2008-2014, Susan Elizabeth Hannagan

Public Health Theses

Background: Current vaccines protect against human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18, which are associated with approximately 70% of cervical cancer and 50% of high-grade cervical lesions. Monitoring trends in HPV 16/18-associated lesions is important to assess vaccine impact.

Methods: Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grades 2 and 3 and adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) cases of women residing in the catchment area of New Haven County, CT were reported to the Connecticut HPV-IMPACT surveillance system, and diagnostic specimens were obtained for HPV DNA testing. Cases were geocoded to census tracts and linked to area-based measures of race, ethnicity, and poverty. Statistical …

Neighborhood-Level Socioeconomic Status And County Fairs And The Risk Of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia Coli Incidence In Connecticut, 2012 To 2014, Gili Hrusa

Public Health Theses

Abstract

Background: Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) is a reportable illness. It is associated with a spectrum of clinical manifestations that range from watery and/or bloody diarrhea to hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), a life threatening condition which causes acute renal failure in both children and adults. A study in Connecticut (CT) by Whitney et al. (2015) found a strong association between higher socioeconomic status (SES) and Shiga toxin-producing E. coli incidence. In the same study, there was a weaker association demonstrated between rurality and STEC incidence as well. The primary aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between …

Vitamin D Status And Age Of Menarche:, Alexandra Hua

Public Health Theses

Early age of menarche (AOM) increases risk for chronic disorders, including cardiovascular disease and related mortality, type 2 diabetes, and breast cancer. Vitamin D deficiency may be linked to earlier onset of menstruation, but there is limited research examining vitamin D and its association with AOM. The objective of this study was to examine the association between vitamin D levels and AOM by analyzing the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2001-2010. We hypothesized that that vitamin D deficiency is associated with earlier age of menarche in adolescent and early adult females in the United States. Cross-sectional …

What Can We Learn From Healthy Positive Weight Deviants In Samoa?, Sophia Hua

Public Health Theses

Introduction: Over 90% of females and over 80% of males in Samoa are either overweight or obese. The continuing economic and nutrition transition in Samoa has contributed to a sharp rise in prevalence. Excess weight affects both the younger and older generation of Samoa. With little evidence of decreasing prevalence in overweight or obesity, the country needs to make weight loss/prevention of weight gain a public health priority. This paper will look at the behaviors of healthy positive weight deviants in Samoa to inform targetable changes the population can make.

Setting/Participants: 3,475 participants were eligible for this study from four …

Lifetime Residential Water Source And Thyroid Cancer Risk: A Connecticut Based Case-Control Study, Hannah Grace Kaneck

Public Health Theses

While incident thyroid cancer diagnoses continue to increase at a rate faster than any other cancer in the US, questions about environmental exposures’ link to small malignancy increases persist. Nitrate consumption as a predictor for thyroid cancer has become a topic of interest due to their ubiquitous contamination of water and food supplies. No epidemiological studies have looked at the correlation of residential water source over an entire lifetime and its relation to thyroid cancer. A Connecticut based case-control study conducted in 2010-2011, including 462 histologically confirmed incident thyroid cancer cases and 498 Connecticut based controls used multivariate unconditional logistic …

E-Cigarette Use Among Urban Adolescents: A Longitudinal Study Of Prevalence And Predictors Of Use, Melody Kingsley

Public Health Theses

Purpose: In a study of middle school students, the objectives were to (1) document prevalence of early e-cigarette use and characteristics of users, and (2) identify psychosocial and behavioral factors that predict susceptibility and uptake.

Methods: Students in 12 randomly selected public schools in New Haven, Connecticut, completed health and behavior surveys in grades 7 and 8 (N=490). Descriptive statistics were calculated to assess the prevalence of e-cigarette susceptibility (considering e-cigarette use) and e-cigarette uptake among students at grade 7 and grade 8. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess associations between psychosocial and behavioral characteristics measured at grade …

Residential Proximity To Manufacturing Facilities And Risk Of Thyroid Cancer, Nathan Kloczko

Public Health Theses

In the past two decades, thyroid cancer incidence has increased at a rate faster than any other malignancy. Environmental contamination has been a suspected risk factor in this trend. One potential source of environmental exposures is pollution from industrial manufacturing facilities. We investigated whether proximity to industrial facilities was associated with an increased risk of thyroid cancer in an exploratory analysis within an existing population-based case-control study in Connecticut using a novel data resource.

Complete residential histories of 408 thyroid cancer cases and 470 controls were collected and geocoded. Manufacturing facility addresses were gathered from a novel source of publicly …

Impact Of Alcohol On Households And Families In Trinidad And Tobago, Rebecca Lakew

Public Health Theses

Objective: To characterize the lived experience of women in Trinidad and Tobago who have at least one family member with chronic alcohol use.

Method: In-person, semi-structured qualitative interviews.

Results: 1) The cultural context in which women with alcohol dependent relatives live shapes their understanding of their roles; 2) a tension emerged between the participants’ idealized role in their family and the reality; 3) participants employed a range of coping mechanisms to deal with their alcohol dependent relative; and 4) the experiences of the participants can be better understood in the larger context of systems of support and enablement in Trinidad …

Factors Influencing Care-Seeking Behavior Among Patients In Ethiopian Primary Health Care Units, Orit Abrahim

Public Health Theses

Abstract

Background

The utilization of primary health care in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa has been limited. The objective of this study was to evaluate the factors that influenced why patients sought care at health centers versus primary hospitals in the primary health care unit (PHCU) in three regions in Ethiopia. The study also examined whether these factors varied based on a patient’s clinical or demographic characteristics and by whether they had sought prior care.

Methods and Findings

We conducted a cross-sectional study using face-to-face interviews in the local language with 796 people (99% response rate) seeking outpatient care in …

Dietary Patterns And Thyroid Cancer Risk: A Population-Based Case-Control Study, Jiaxin Liang

Public Health Theses

Thyroid cancer (TC) incidence has increased greatly during the past decades with a few established risk factors. The relationship between diet factors and TC remains unclear. Limited literature has investigated the association and with inconsistent findings. We examined the association between dietary pattern and risk of TC in a population based case-control study conducted in Connecticut (2010-2011). 390 historically confirmed incident TC cases and 436 population-based controls that completed baseline dietary history questionnaires were included in the analyses. We identified 3 distinct dietary patterns (“Starchy Foods and Desserts”, “Fruits and Vegetables”, “High Protein and Fat”) through principal components analysis. Multivariate …

Stress, Social Support, And Low Birth Weight: The Birth To Twenty Cohort, Esther Lim

Public Health Theses

The role that psychosocial factors play in determining birth weight has been thought to play an analogous role as physical insults during pregnancy. In particular, maternal social support and stress have been studied separately with respect to their association with low birth weight (LBW), with more recent studies examining their interaction. The latter case has found that the level of social support reported by participants can modify the association between perceived levels of stress and LBW status. However, much of the research conducted to study and establish this relationship has mostly taken place within the high income countries (HIC) of …

The Effectiveness Of Egfr-Tkis In Treatment Of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis, Xiao Li

Public Health Theses

Epidermal growth factor receptor- tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) is one of the genetic targeted medicines that is used to treat non-small-cell lung cancer. However, because EGFR-TKIs have a specific target, they are not believed to benefit all non-small-cell cancer patients.

We conducted a meta-analysis synthesizing 9 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to systematically evaluate the effectiveness of EFGR-TKIs among two patient populations: unselected patients with unknown EGFR mutation status and selected patients harboring EGFR mutation

Among unselected patients, the efficacy of EGFR-TKIs is inferior to chemotherapy. The hazard of disease progression in the EGFR-TKI group is 1.46 times that in the …

Application Of The Green House Model To The U.S. Geriatric Veteran Population, Lydia Alicia Cristobal

Yale School of Nursing Digital Theses

U.S. Veterans have sacrificed to serve the nation and deserve excellence in care. The Green House concept is a culture change model, with a goal to change not only the physical setting for residents, but to also create an environment to improve holistic outcomes. There are only three states in the Veterans Affairs (VA) Administration that have adopted the Green House model for the geriatric Veteran population: Illinois, Alabama, and Wisconsin. This paper presents a synthesis of recent studies on Green House model implementation. This synthesis was then compared with the experience of three state VA Medical Centers’ adoption of …

Building An Evidence Based Succession Planning Tool For Chief Nurse Executives, Stephan Davis

Yale School of Nursing Digital Theses

This manuscript describes a project to create an evidence-based succession planning tool for the Chief Nursing Officer (CNO) role within academic medical centers. The purpose of this project was to design and validate a tool that could be used by Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) and CNOs to prospectively implement development plans for qualified internal nurse leaders. This project is based on evidence that suggests succession may be disruptive to organizations and that the development of effective succession management programs can help mitigate challenges associated with leadership transitions. The methodological approach for this project included a review of the literature, accreditation …

The Use Of Reflection Through Narratives For Nurse Manager Leadership Development, Dorothy Jean Graham-Hannah

Yale School of Nursing Digital Theses

Abstract

Objective: To utilize the pedagogy of reflection through narrative to strengthen the practical knowledge, clinical judgment, moral agency, and caring embedded in the leadership practice of nurse managers.

Background: The nurse manager (NM) plays a leadership role in achieving effective and efficient health care. As for the most effective preparation for this role, it is clear that NM practice is more complex than learning competencies or applying theories to situations.

Methods: NMs participated in a two-hour program on reflection through narrative writing at a medical center in Brooklyn, NY. Participants brought first-person narratives of their leadership practice to share. …

A Nurse-Practitioner-Led Collaborative Care Model Of Shared Medical Visits For Adult Patients With Diabetes Using The Centering® Group Healthcare Model, Monte Wagner

Yale School of Nursing Digital Theses

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to describe a novel Shared Medical Visit (SMV) intervention to address the health needs and challenges of an adult population with type-2 diabetes (T2D) in a Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC) setting, the fidelity to the intervention, as well as to determine the feasibility and acceptability of this intervention.

Methods

The study method was a quasi-experimental post-test design and the intervention consisted of eight monthly two-hour shared medical visits (defined as inter-professional medical visits), which used the American Association of Diabetic Educators AADE7 diabetes education topics for content and the Centering® Healthcare Model …

An Employee-Centered Care Model Responds To The Triple Aim: Improving Employee Health, Kelly Ann Fox

Yale School of Nursing Digital Theses

Health care expenditures, patient satisfaction and timely access to care will remain problematic if dramatic changes in health care delivery models are not developed and implemented. To combat this challenge a Triple Aim approach is essential. Innovation in payment and health care delivery models is required. Using the Donabedian Framework: structure, process, and outcome, this article describes a nurse-led employee-centered care model designed to: improve the consumers’ health care experience; improve health of an employee population; and increase access to care while reducing health care costs for employees, age 18 and older, of a self-insured corporation.

Promoting Patient-Centered Team-Based Care: An Advocacy Toolkit, Michelle Schmerge

Yale School of Nursing Digital Theses

The high performing patient care team is now widely recognized as an essential model for constructing a more patient-centered, coordinated, and effective system of health care delivery. In order to achieve these goals, health care teams need diverse members with flexible leadership. Unfortunately, too many members of the health care team are burdened by unnecessary supervision requirements, and efforts to reform scope of practice laws have met with resistance from organized medicine. In 2014, the American Medical Association (AMA) launched, “Physician-led Team Based Care”, a campaign that espouses a model of team-based care where physicians oversee advanced practice registered nurse …

Bankia: Its Valuation Using Different Methodologies, Álvaro Moreno De Alborán De Cominges

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No abstract provided.

Banco Popular Resolution Plan (2016), Single Resolution Board

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No abstract provided.

The History Of Kdic, Korea Deposit Insurance Corporation (Kdic)

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No abstract provided.

Banco Central De La Republica Argentina - 2015 Financial Statements, Argentina: Banco Central De La Repãºblica

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No abstract provided.

Historical Composition Of The National Monetary Council - Cmn, Banco Central Do Brasil/Central Bank Of Brazil

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No abstract provided.

Comunicado Relativo Às Demonstrações Financeiras Do Bes A 31 De Dezembro De 2015, Banco Espirito Santo

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No abstract provided.

Release Concerning Bes' Balance Sheet As At 31 December 2014, Banco Espirito Santo

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No abstract provided.

Comunicato Stampa 30 Dicembre 2015, Banca D'Italia/Central Bank Of Italy

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No abstract provided.