Digital Commons Network^™

Incorporating Macroprudential Financial Regulation Into Monetary Policy, Aaron Klein

Journal of Financial Crises

This paper proposes two insights into financial regulation and monetary policy. The first enhances understanding the relationship between them, building on the automobile metaphor that describes monetary policy: when to accelerate or brake for curves miles ahead. Enhancing the metaphor, financial markets are the transmission. In a financial crisis, markets cease to function, equivalent to a transmission shifting into neutral. This explains both monetary policy’s diminished effectiveness in stimulating the economy and why the financial crisis shock to real economic output greatly exceeded central bank forecasts.

The second insight is that both excess leverage and fundamental mispricing of asset values …

Federal Reserve Balance Sheet: Factors Affecting Reserve Balances [January 2020], Federal Reserve Board Of Governors

Documents

No abstract provided.

Finland's 1992 Capital Injection, Kaleb Nygaard

Documents

No abstract provided.

Data Informed Stewardship Of Search & Discovery : A Yale University Case Study, Sarah J. Tudesco, Angela Sidman

Library Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Optimal Long-Term Health Insurance Contracts: Characterization, Computation, And Welfare Effects, Soheil Ghili, Ben Handel, Igal Hendel, Michael D. Whinston

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

Reclassification risk is a major concern in health insurance where contracts are typically one year in length but health shocks often persist for much longer. While most health systems with private insurers emphasize short-run contracts paired with substantial pricing regulations to reduce reclassification risk, long-term contracts with one-sided insurer commitment have significant potential to reduce reclassification risk without the negative side effects of price regulation, such as adverse selection. In this paper, we theoretically characterize optimal long-term insurance contracts with one-sided commitment, extending prior models of this form in several key directions that are important for studying health insurance markets. …

Optimal Long-Term Health Insurance Contracts: Characterization, Computation, And Welfare Effects, Soheil Ghili, Ben Handel, Igal Hendel, Michael D. Whinston

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

Reclassification risk is a major concern in health insurance where contracts are typically one year in length but health shocks often persist for much longer. We theoretically characterize optimal long-term insurance contracts with one-sided commitment, and use our characterization to provide a simple computation algorithm for computing optimal contracts from primitives. We apply this method to derive empirically-based optimal long-term health insurance contracts using all-payers claims data from Utah, and then evaluate the potential welfare performance of these contracts. We find that optimal long-term health insurance contracts that start at age 25 can eliminate over 94% of the welfare loss …

Federal Reserve Board - Board Votes 2020, Federal Reserve System: Board Of Governors

Documents

No abstract provided.

Issues Of Ownership: Leveraging Accession Documentation And Provenance Research To Improve Collection Access, Kara Flynn

Journal of Contemporary Archival Studies

Records created about archival materials—including deeds of gift, collection-related correspondence, and other accession documentation—play an important role, particularly when it comes to providing access and maintaining partnerships with other recordkeepers. This case study will describe a project to review the accession documentation of all collections within Augusta University’s Special Collections & Institutional Archives, and the collections of the local historical society, held on deposit with the department.

Women At The Dawn Of History, Agnete Wisti Lassen, Klaus Wagensonner

Occasional Publications

This lavishly illustrated volume gives a voice to women who lived millennia ago in Mesopotamia, present-day Iraq, Syria and Turkey, and explores their roles, representations and contributions to society.

Tens of thousands of cuneiform texts, monumental sculptures, and images on terracotta reliefs and cylinder seals cast light on the fates of women at the dawn of history, from queens to female slaves. In the patriarchal world of ancient Mesopotamia, women were often represented in their relation to men—as mothers, daughters, or wives—giving the impression that a woman’s place was in the home. But, as we explore in this volume, they …

On The Mutual Adjustment Of Pressure And Velocity Distributions In Certain Simple Current Systems, C.-G. Rossby

Journal of Marine Research

The writer (Rossby 1936) recently advanced the hypothesis that the horizontal pressure gradients observed in the current systems of the atmosphere and the ocean to a large extent must be interpreted as reactions to the Coriolis’ forces impressed upon these systems by the rotation of the earth. Observational support for this point of view was found in the fact that both the temperature-salinity and oxygen-salinity correlation curves obtained from stations on both sides of the Gulf Stream in the region between Nova Scotia and Bermuda are very nearly identical, even though the individual isotherms may drop as much as 700 …

Editor's Commentary: Relation Between Variations In The Intensity Of The Zonal Circulation Of The Atmosphere And The Displacements Of The Semi Permanent Centers Of Action, C.-G. Rossby

Journal of Marine Research

Rossby waves! Beta-plane! Here Carl-Gustav Rossby, motivated by observations of weather patterns that move upstream relative to the dominant mid-latitude eastward wind flow, formulates a com-pletely novel linearized theory to account for the tendency for large-scale disturbances to move westward and smaller-scale disturbances to move eastward relative to the winds.

Classic Article: On The Oxidation Of Organic Matter In Marine Sediments By Bacteria, Selman A. Waksman, Margaret Hotchkiss

Journal of Marine Research

The question as to whether the organic matter in the sea bottom is inert or is available as a nutrient for the bottom fauna and bottom-inhabiting bacteria is a problem of special interest in the cycle of life in the sea. A number of marine animals, making up the benthos or the bottom fauna, must depend upon this organic matter for their nutrition while the sea bottom also harbors an extensive bacterial population which require the energy to be derived from various nutrient elements for cell synthesis and respiration...

Editor's Commentary: The Influence Of Deposit-Feeding Organisms On Sediment Stability And Community Trophic Structure, Robert C. Aller, David K. Young

Journal of Marine Research

This seminal paper by Donald Rhoads and David Young was a highly creative, interdisciplinary break from the standards of the time. It brought a new focus onto how benthic organisms modify sediment properties, potentially mediating interactions with other species, structuring community distributions, and governing coupling between sedimentary deposits and overlying waters...

Editor's Commentary: Effect Of Coriolis Force On Edge Waves (I) Investigation Of The Normal Modes, Kenneth H. Brink

Journal of Marine Research

In the oceanographic literature, there are not too many publications so clearly ahead of their time as is this one. Reid starts out by asking about the effect of Earth’s rotation on edge waves. Edge waves are essentially long gravity waves found over the continental shelf and up onto the beach. They are topographically constrained to propagate strictly alongshore, but in either direction. By the mid-1950s, interest in this was growing as people realized that edge waves are more than a mathematical curiosity. Rotation was expected to be important for long, low frequency (periods of tens of minutes, out to …

Classic Article: The Influence Of Deposit-Feeding Organisms On Sediment Stability And Community Trophic Structure, Donald C. Rhoads, David K. Young

Journal of Marine Research

Deposit-feeding and suspension-feeding benthos in Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts, show marked spatial separation; suspension feeders are largely confined to sandy or firm mud bottoms while deposit feeders attain high densities on soft muddy substrata. Food source and bottom stability have been investigated as potential factors effecting this trophic-group separation. Between October 4, 1967 and August 22, 1969, observations were made at 11 stations in Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts, along two widely separated transects over bottoms ranging in texture from silt to fine and medium sand. Water depths at these stations ranged from 3 m to 20 m. Scuba divers made many of …

Ambassadors Extraordinary: Chester Bowles, B.K. Nehru, And Ambassadorial Agency In Indo-American Relations, 1961-1969, Sahaj Sankaran

Kaplan Senior Essay Prize for Use of Library Special Collections

The Cold War in the 1950s and 1960s placed newly-independent India in a liminal ideological position: as a committed representative democracy, India seemed a natural ally for the United States, but its socialist, planned economy was patterned on that of the Soviet Union. Pressed by both Cold War blocs to adopt an alignment, India’s leaders instead adopted a policy of ‘non-alignment’, pursuing good relations with both factions while maintaining independence in international affairs. India’s economic realities, however, belied this independence; the new nation was impoverished, with faltering industry and a failing agricultural sector. India’s survival and development in its first …

The Apostle Of Dissent: J. Hendrix Mclane's Fight Against History In Post-Reconstruction South Carolina, Steven Rome

Kaplan Senior Essay Prize for Use of Library Special Collections

John Augustus Hendrix McLane envisioned a wholesale political revolution. He aimed to overthrow the politics of racial and sectional animosities, animated by raw memories of the Civil War, and replace it with a new political alignment organized around a class appeal. In the 1882 election, and for more than a decade after, McLane cultivated a coalition of the economically oppressed. In his idealized vision, working people of all races and regions would unite to dethrone the monopolies, bankers, and lawyers who composed the economic elite. These intrepid efforts are important evidence that, in one historian’s words, “the South is not …

Shifts In Micromobility-Related Trauma In The Age Of Vehicle Sharing: The Epidemiology Of Head Injury, Joshua Richard Feler

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Shared micromobility programs (SMPs) provide access to a distributed set of shared vehicles – mostly conventional bicycles, electronic bicycles, and electronic scooters – and are increasingly common in domestic and global cities, with riders completing an estimated 84 million trips using an SMP vehicle. There is heterogeneity in these programs in size, vehicle types offered, and distribution model. The impact of SMP introduction on the epidemiology of traumatic injury is largely unknown, and the relative safety of different shared vehicle types has not been evaluated; these effects are the subject of this study.

Considered as a whole, the annual number …

Identification Of A Novel Disorder With Cholestasis, Liver Fibrosis And Congenital Diarrhea Due To Organic Solute Transporter Alpha Deficiency, Emily Gao

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

BACKGROUND: Much of our understanding of normal liver pathophysiology comes from studying patients with liver disease who remain undiagnosed after a comprehensive workup. Searching for diagnoses among such cohorts has benefits both for the underserved patients with idiopathic liver disease, but also for science as a whole. Unbiased genomic analysis of patients with undiagnosed disease has yielded remarkable results, including clinically actionable diagnoses in children and adults, as well as the discovery of novel genetic diseases. Thus, we posit that among pediatric patients with undiagnosed liver disease, there may be previously unrecognized Mendelian causes.

METHODS: We report a 2.5 year …

Identifying Rare Genetic Variation In Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Sarah Abdallah

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a neuropsychiatric developmental disorder with known heritability (estimates ranging from 27%-80%) but poorly understood etiology. Current treatments are not fully effective in addressing chronic functional impairments and distress caused by the disorder, providing an impetus to study the genetic basis of OCD in the hopes of identifying new therapeutic targets. We previously demonstrated a significant contribution to OCD risk from likely damaging de novo germline DNA sequence variants, which arise spontaneously in the parental germ cells or zygote instead of being inherited from a parent, and we successfully used these identified variants to implicate new OCD …

Impact Of Race, Gender, And Clinical Risk Factors On Outcomes Following Treatment Of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms, Andrew Koo

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

INTRODUCTION: In an unprecedented era of soaring healthcare costs, payers and providers alike have started to place increased importance on measuring the quality of surgical procedures as surrogate markers for operative success. Length of hospital stay (LOS) and discharge disposition during index admission are two metrics increasingly used. For the treatment of unruptured cerebral aneurysms, the determinants of extended length of stay and poor discharge disposition remain relatively unknown.

OBJECTIVES: 1) To investigate the influence that patient demographics, such as gender and race, have on post-procedural discharge disposition after treatment of unruptured aneurysms, and 2) To identify the nationwide impact …

The Pharmacokinetics Of A Novel Anti-Renalase Antibody Used For The Treatment Of Melanoma In A Congenic Mouse Species, Oriyomi Alimi

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

The pharmacokinetics of a humanized anti-RNLS monoclonal antibody used for the treatment of melanoma in a congenic mouse species

Authors: Oriyomi Alimi1, Gary Desir1

1Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT

Cancer cells can overcome signaling that restrains their growth and promotes senescence and cell death. Renalase (RNLS) is a secreted flavoprotein that functions as a survival factor after ischemic and toxic injury, signaling through the plasma calcium channel PMCA4b to activate the PI3K/AKT and MAPK pathways. In addition, recent studies, indicate that dysregulated RNLS signaling promotes survival of melanoma cells due to its capacity to …

17 Code Of Federal Regulation (Cfr) Chapter Ii, Section 229.1111, United States: Securities And Exchange Commission (Sec)

Documents

No abstract provided.

Provincial Money Market Purchase Program (Pmmpp) Operations Data, Bank Of Canada/Central Bank Of Canada/La Banque Du Canada

Documents

No abstract provided.

Fannie Mae Presentation Business Strategy Overview, Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae)

Documents

No abstract provided.

Understanding Costs Of Healthcare: Patient Perspectives And Beyond, Edwin Yirong Chan

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Introduction: Healthcare spending in the US is among the highest in the world and continues to grow year-over-year despite outcomes comparable to or worse than other nations. This spending has translated to extensive patient burden and high out-of-pocket costs for many individuals. Despite high costs to both systems and individuals, patients continue to pursue expensive care options such as emergency department care over other appropriate alternatives. Here, we assess patient understanding of emergency room costs and influences on their decisions to pursue emergency department care.

Methods: Adult patients presenting to the emergency department for conditions not meriting hospital admission or …

Factors Influencing The Receipt Of Diabetic Retinopathy Screening In A High-Risk Population, Elizabeth Ann Fairless

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is among the leading causes of vision loss in the US,

yet an estimated 50% of patients with diabetes do not receive recommended annual

screening eye exams for reasons that are incompletely understood. Patients with diabetes

and low socioeconomic status or who are racial/ethnic minorities are at increased risk for

vision loss. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 30 patients with diabetes at a

federally qualified community health center and a primary care clinic in New Haven, CT

regarding factors influencing their use of screening exams. The interviews were recorded,

transcribed, and analyzed line by line to identify …

Antidepressant Treatment Of Major Depressive Disorder In Patients With Comorbid Alcohol Use Disorder: Two Meta-Analyses Of Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trials, Isaac Nathan Smullin Johnson

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Objective:

Aim 1: To examine the efficacy of antidepressant agents compared with placebo in reducing depressive symptoms in subjects with comorbid Alcohol Use Disorders (AUD).

Aim 2: To examine the efficacy of antidepressant agents compared with placebo on measures of alcohol consumption.

Data Sources:

Aim 1: PubMed was searched for randomized, placebo-controlled trials that examined the efficacy of antidepressant medications for treating depression symptoms with comorbid AUD.

Aim 2: Ovid MEDLINE (1946 to September 23, 2016) and CENTRAL (Issue 8, August 2016) were searched with no language limits for randomized placebo-controlled trials that examined the effects of antidepressant medications on …

Human Amniotic Membrane Improves Healing In A Chronic, Massive Rotator Cuff Repair Model, Maarouf Saad

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Rotator cuff tendon heals by fibrovascular scar that is weaker than native tissue leading to repairs that are prone to failure. To investigate the utility of an amniotic-membrane-derived human allograft in improving tendon-bone healing and skeletal muscle architecture, a rotator cuff repair model in Sprague-Dawley rats was established, tendon biomechanical testing, single muscle fiber biomechanical testing, microcomputed tomography analysis, tendon and muscle histological analysis, and gene expression analysis were performed. Our findings demonstrated single muscle-fibers with larger cross-sectional area and greater maximum isometric and specific force in the augmented experimental repair (ER) group. Additionally, microcomputed tomography revealed a larger volume …

Coronary Revascularization Options For Females: A Meta-Analysis Of Randomized Controlled Trials, Tayyab Hussain Shah

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

The totality of evidence for revascularization decisions between coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for the treatment of multivessel coronary artery disease comes from predominantly male patients. Although societal guidelines do not provide sex specific recommendations, growing evidence suggests that revascularization outcomes may not be consistent between sexes. This study evaluates outcomes of CABG versus PCI in female patients with multivessel disease (MVD) and/or left main disease (LMD). We conducted a systematic search to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the long-term outcomes after PCI versus CABG in MVD and/or LMD. We extracted female specific data …