Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Yale University

Discipline
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 4771 - 4800 of 33851

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Three Families Of Lie Algebras Of Exponential Growth From Vertex Operator Algebras, Gabriel Legros Apr 2021

Three Families Of Lie Algebras Of Exponential Growth From Vertex Operator Algebras, Gabriel Legros

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

We study three families of infinite-dimensional Lie algebras defined from Vertex Operator Algebras and their properties. For $N=0$ VOAs, we review the construction of the Fock space $V_L$ from an even lattice $L$ and provide an algebraic description of the Lie algebra $g_{II_{25,1}}$ from the perspective of $24$ different Niemeier lattices $N$ via the decomposition $II_{25,1} = N \oplus II_{1,1}$ using the no-ghost theorem. For $N=1$ SVOAs we review the construction of the Fock space $V_{NS}$ and provide an explicit basis for the spectrum-generating algebra of the Lie algebra $g_{NS}$. For $N=2$ SVOAs, we describe the structure of $g^{(2)}_{NS}$ explicitly …

Go to article

Phage Selection Against Antibiotic Resistance Or Virulence In Opportunistic Bacterial Pathogens, Kaitlyn Kortright Apr 2021

Phage Selection Against Antibiotic Resistance Or Virulence In Opportunistic Bacterial Pathogens, Kaitlyn Kortright

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Bacteriophages (phages) are prolific, ubiquitous viruses that infect bacterial cells. Phages have proven to be invaluable tools of the biological sciences, enabling the discovery and description of some of the foundations of molecular biology and genetics; excellent systems for the study of evolutionary dynamics; and their seemingly limitless diversity promises to produce interesting new biology for many years to come. As natural predators of bacteria, phages might additionally be employed for phage therapy, the therapeutic use of phages to treat bacterial infections. Lytic phages impose strong selective pressure on bacteria to evolve resistance to phage infection. Under certain environmental conditions …

Go to article

Essays On Panel And Network Modeling, Ming Li Apr 2021

Essays On Panel And Network Modeling, Ming Li

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

This dissertation studies identification and estimation in panel and network models. Panel models have long been a workhorse in empirical research. In the first two chapters, we analyze random coefficient linear panel model and panel multinomial choice model, respectively, where we incorporate features such as time-varying endogeneity and unobserved heterogeneity that are prevalent in real life into the models. We present new identification results and provide consistent estimators based on the identification strategy. Then, we apply the estimation procedures to panel data and obtain economically convincing results. The study of networks is a fast-growing area of economic research thanks to …

Go to article

Essays On Robust Methods In Econometrics, Soonwoo Kwon Apr 2021

Essays On Robust Methods In Econometrics, Soonwoo Kwon

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

This dissertation presents four essays on robust methods in econometrics. The first chapter, "Optimal Shrinkage Estimation of Fixed Effects in Linear Panel Data Models," proposes a shrinkage estimator for the fixed effects in linear panel data models whose risk properties are robust against violations of the distributional assumptions that are commonly imposed. Shrinkage methods are frequently used to estimate fixed effects. However, the risk properties of existing estimators are fragile to violations of the underlying distributional assumptions. I develop an estimator for the fixed effects that obtains the best possible mean squared error (MSE) within a class of shrinkage estimators. …

Go to article

Immune-Metabolic Regulation By The Transsulfuration Pathway, Aileen Heeyeon Lee Apr 2021

Immune-Metabolic Regulation By The Transsulfuration Pathway, Aileen Heeyeon Lee

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Pro-longevity interventions such as caloric restriction (CR) and methionine restriction (MR) can improve metabolic health. However, despite decades of extensive studies, the mechanisms that underlie the benefits of these dietary interventions are still being characterized. Particularly, the effect of these diets on immune cells in mediating their metabolic benefits has been largely unexplored. This work aimed to expand our understanding of how these dietary interventions may regulate immune responses and identify novel immunomodulatory pathways that could be harnessed during inflammatory and metabolic pathologies.In line with other studies in animal models, we identified that the transsulfuration pathway (TSP) was induced in …

Go to article

A Secreted Signal From The Gut Inhibits Axon Regeneration In C. Elegans, Alexander Tianma Lin-Moore Apr 2021

A Secreted Signal From The Gut Inhibits Axon Regeneration In C. Elegans, Alexander Tianma Lin-Moore

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Injured axons must regenerate to restore nervous system function, and regeneration is regulated in part by external factors from non-neuronal tissues. Many of these extrinsic factors act in the immediate cellular environment of the axon to promote or restrict regeneration, but the existence of long-distance signals regulating axon regeneration has not been clear. Here we show that the Rab GTPase rab-27 inhibits regeneration of GABAergic motor neurons in C. elegans through activity in the intestine. Re-expression of RAB-27, but not the closely related RAB-3, in the intestine of rab-27 mutant animals is sufficient to rescue normal regeneration. Several additional components …

Go to article

Elucidation Of Vps13 And Pikfyve Proteins Functioning In The Regulation Of Eukaryotic Lipid Homeostasis, Peiqi Li Apr 2021

Elucidation Of Vps13 And Pikfyve Proteins Functioning In The Regulation Of Eukaryotic Lipid Homeostasis, Peiqi Li

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

In eukaryotic cells, organelles are surrounded by membranes, which act as barriers to the cytosolic environment. Each subcellular membrane has a distinct lipid composition that is required for its unique organellar function, and is therefore is fundamental for cellular physiology. The unique distributions of organellar lipids result from highly regulated lipid transport networks and the activity of lipid metabolizing enzymes. Most phospholipids are initially synthesized in the ER and transferred to different organelles via vesicular or non-vesicular lipid transport pathways. Lipid transfer proteins (LTPs) localized at membrane contact sites mediate non-vesicular lipid transport. They contain a hydrophobic cavity to solubilize …

Go to article

Development, Implementation And Evaluation Of Medical Decision Support Systems Based On Mortality Prediction Algorithms From An Operations Research Perspective., Junchao Ma Apr 2021

Development, Implementation And Evaluation Of Medical Decision Support Systems Based On Mortality Prediction Algorithms From An Operations Research Perspective., Junchao Ma

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Wide implementation of electronic health record systems provides rich data for personalized medicine. One topic of great interest is to develop methods to assist physicians in prognosis for example mortality. While many studies have reported on various new prediction models and algorithms there is relatively little literature on if and how these new prediction methods translate into actual benefits. My dissertation consists of three theses that aims at filling this gap between prognostic predictions and clinical decisions in end-of-life care and intensive care settings. In the first thesis, we develop an approach to using temporal trends in physiologic data as …

Go to article

On The Galois Action On Motivic Fundamental Groups Of Punctured Elliptic And Rational Curves, Nikolay Malkin Apr 2021

On The Galois Action On Motivic Fundamental Groups Of Punctured Elliptic And Rational Curves, Nikolay Malkin

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

The main motive of this thesis is to study the action of the motivic Galois group on the motivic fundamental group of an algebraic curve X punctured at a finite set of points. The algebraic, geometric, and analytic aspects of this action are examined in two cases: for X=P1 and for X an elliptic curve. To study this action, we rely on motivic correlators, canonical elements in the fundamental Lie coalgebra of the category of mixed motives over a number field. We trace three themes: (1) The Lie coalgebra structure on the motivic correlators. Using combinatorial arguments with an injection …

Go to article

Diacylglycerol - Pkc Epsilon - Insulin Receptor As A Key Regulatory Axis Of Hepatic And White Adipose Tissue Insulin Signaling, Kun Lyu Apr 2021

Diacylglycerol - Pkc Epsilon - Insulin Receptor As A Key Regulatory Axis Of Hepatic And White Adipose Tissue Insulin Signaling, Kun Lyu

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic condition that currently affects 463 million people worldwide and is expected to affect 700 million people by the year of 2045. People with T2D suffer from many downstream conditions, such as cardiovascular diseases and stroke, vision loss, renal function impairment and amputations due to limb extremity damages, and are also much more susceptible to severe COVID-19 conditions. This devastating disease not only inflicts severe personal suffering on the individuals affected but also inflicts a huge economic burden on the society. For example, the annual cost of diagnosed diabetes in United States is estimated …

Go to article

Decoding Gut Microbial Metabolites Through G-Protein Coupled Receptor (Gpcr) Activation, Phu Khat Nwe Apr 2021

Decoding Gut Microbial Metabolites Through G-Protein Coupled Receptor (Gpcr) Activation, Phu Khat Nwe

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

The microbiome encodes for a complex web of metabolites of which scientists are just starting to deconvolute. While a lot of focus has been on investigating the implications of the microbial metabolome on health and disease physiologies, we have merely uncovered the tip of the interactome of microbes and host G-Protein Coupled Receptors (GPCRs). Early literature has reported a plethora of short chain fatty acids fermented by dietary fibers acting as GPCR agonists. A few other studies have showcased that gut microbes produced N-acyl amides and secondary bile acids mimicking host ligands and therefore interacting with these GPCRs. Chapter 2 …

Go to article

Frictional, Large-Deformation Poroelastic Flow: Theory And Experiments, Tyler Harrison Lutz Apr 2021

Frictional, Large-Deformation Poroelastic Flow: Theory And Experiments, Tyler Harrison Lutz

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Fluid flow through deformable, porous materials is seemingly ubiquitous in the natural world---spanning length scales from the cellular to the planetary---and offers a phenomenologically rich setting in which to study the generally nonlinear coupling between solid- and fluid-mechanics in multiphase materials. As much as we might like to study such flows in strict isolation from their environment, this thesis argues that properly accounting for forces that arise on the boundaries of such flows is essential to understanding the behavior of realistic soft porous media flows. Building on an experimental program initiated more than half a century ago, we demonstrate a …

Go to article

Effects Of Social Context On Women’S Political Engagement: Evidence From Focus Group Experiments In Tanzania, Elizabeth Kay Mcguire Apr 2021

Effects Of Social Context On Women’S Political Engagement: Evidence From Focus Group Experiments In Tanzania, Elizabeth Kay Mcguire

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Both theory and policy experts have sought to understand how norms around women’s political participation may shift. This dissertation provides evidence that the engagement of women can be affected by social contexts at the micro-level. Through two randomized field experiments, I show that the social referents who are present during a discussion about women and gender culture in Tanzania have a significant impact, not only in how those topics are discussed, but also on the behavior of the subjects with regards to women’s political participation. Between these two experiments, I conducted over 400 total focus groups in both rural and …

Go to article

Essays On The Effects Of Institutional Changes, Martin Mattsson Apr 2021

Essays On The Effects Of Institutional Changes, Martin Mattsson

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Formal and informal institutions are important determinants of behavior and economic outcomes. In this dissertation, I study the causal effects of changes to one formal and one informal institution on individuals' behavior. The first chapter uses an experiment in Bangladesh to show how providing information on delays in a public service provision to government bureaucrats and their supervisors affects these bureaucrats' behavior and the outcomes for applicants for the public service. The second chapter (co-authored with Ro'ee Levy) shows how the MeToo movement increased the reporting of sexual crimes to the police by changing the norms, information, or both, about …

Go to article

Discovering Novel Regulators Of Nucleolar Form And Function, Lisa O. Mclean Apr 2021

Discovering Novel Regulators Of Nucleolar Form And Function, Lisa O. Mclean

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Nucleoli are dynamic nuclear condensates in eukaryotic cells that originate through ribosome biogenesis at loci that harbor the ribosomal DNA. These loci are known as nucleolar organizer regions and there are 10 in a human diploid genome. While there are 10 nucleolar organizer regions however, the number of nucleoli observed in cells is variable. Furthermore, changes in number are associated with disease, with increased numbers and size common in aggressive cancers. In the near-diploid human breast epithelial cell line, MCF10A, the most frequently observed number of nucleoli is 2-3 per cell. While ribosome biogenesis is an essential biological process that …

Go to article

Mechanisms Of Resistance Against B Cell Targeting Treatments For Myasthenia Gravis, Ruoyi Jiang Apr 2021

Mechanisms Of Resistance Against B Cell Targeting Treatments For Myasthenia Gravis, Ruoyi Jiang

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune neuromuscular disorder caused by autoantibodies that disrupt neuromuscular transmission by targeting components of neuromuscular junctions, such as the acetylcholine receptor (AChR, 90% of patients) and muscle specific kinase (MuSK, 10% of patients). Treatments that address the underlying causes of MG target the cells responsible for producing these autoantibodies. Two such treatment strategies are predominantly used: (1) surgical resection of the thymus (a reservoir for auto-antigen specific B cells in patients with AChR MG) and (2) systemic therapy targeting subsets of autoantibody-producing B cells. The thymus is a known anatomic reservoir for B cells that …

Go to article

Computational Studies Of Proteins:\\ Void Analyses, Nmr And X-Ray Structures, Fluctuations In Protein Structure Measured Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations, Zhe Mei Apr 2021

Computational Studies Of Proteins:\\ Void Analyses, Nmr And X-Ray Structures, Fluctuations In Protein Structure Measured Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations, Zhe Mei

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Although the amount of experimental and theoretical protein studies have grown exponentially in recent years, we still do not have enough knowledge about the folding dynamics and structural properties of proteins to fold a protein from its primary sequence. The hydrophobic effect of protein cores is a dominant driving force of the protein folding process. In my work, I utilize high-quality X-ray crystallography and solution NMR structures, along with an atomistic model of proteins, to study the structural properties and fluctuations of protein cores. This thesis presents three computational and theoretical studies of proteins and their core regions. In the …

Go to article

Unraveling Heterogeneity In X Chromosome Regulation And Transcriptional Heterogeneity In Naïve Human Pluripotent Stem Cells, Benjamin Daniel Patterson Apr 2021

Unraveling Heterogeneity In X Chromosome Regulation And Transcriptional Heterogeneity In Naïve Human Pluripotent Stem Cells, Benjamin Daniel Patterson

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

In the works described below, I investigate and describe heterogeneity in naïve human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs)—both the heterogeneity exhibited in XCI status and the nearly unexplored transcriptional heterogeneity in these cells. Stem cells are a highly desirable model for studying XCI, as both pluripotency and XCI play out during peri-implantation. By comparing female naïve and primed stem cells, I elucidate the functional differences in their XCI state. Recent studies incorporating single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) have demonstrated that transcript-based technologies are insufficiently developed to unequivocally resolve these questions in a human system (Kaur et al., 2020; Mandal et al., 2020; …

Go to article

Red Lives: Grassroots Radicalism And Visionary Organizing In The American Century, Mary Rebecca Reynolds Apr 2021

Red Lives: Grassroots Radicalism And Visionary Organizing In The American Century, Mary Rebecca Reynolds

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Red Lives is a side-by-side social and intellectual biography of Claudia Jones, Emma Tenayuca, and Ah Quon McElrath, three working-class women who came-of-age during the Great Depression, and whose lifelong commitments to grassroots organizing and radical politics emerged from the Popular Front’s cross-class, multiracial coalitions and collective actions. All three joined the Communist Party as teenagers and first organized for groups representing youth, the unemployed, or workers, often on campaigns for race and gender equity, civil liberties, and democratic rights, in New York, Texas, and Hawai’i. They produced and published theoretical work that elaborated the underpinnings of their organizing strategies, …

Go to article

Sampling From The Greedy Mixture Posterior, Dylan Potter O'Connell Apr 2021

Sampling From The Greedy Mixture Posterior, Dylan Potter O'Connell

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Mixtures of distributions provide a flexible model for heterogeneous data, but this versatility is concomitant with computational difficulty. We study the task of generating samples from the "greedy'' gaussian mixture posterior. While it is widely known that Gibbs sampling can be slow to converge, concrete results quantifying this behavior are scarce. In this dissertation, we establish conditions under which the number of steps required by the Gibbs sampler is exponential in the separation of the data clusters. Further, we analyze the efficacy of potential solutions. The simulated tempering algorithm uses an auxiliary temperature variable to flatten the target density (reducing …

Go to article

Clinical Treatment Human Disease Networks And Comparative Effectiveness Research: Analyses Of The Medicare Administrative Data, Hao Mei Apr 2021

Clinical Treatment Human Disease Networks And Comparative Effectiveness Research: Analyses Of The Medicare Administrative Data, Hao Mei

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

As the nation’s largest healthcare payer, the Medicare program generates an unimaginable vast volume of medical data. With an increasing emphasis on evidence-based care, how to effectively handle and make inferences from the heterogeneous and noisy healthcare data remains an important question. High-quality analysis could improve the quality, planning, and administrations of health services, evaluate comparative therapies, and forward research on epidemiology and disease etiology. This is especially true for older adults since this population’s health condition is generally complicated with multimorbidity, and the healthcare system for older adults is riddled with administrative and regulatory complexities. Taking advantage of the …

Go to article

Reversible Peptide-Protein Interactions Inside Cells: Enabling A New Approach For Achieving Super-Resolution Imaging In Live Cells, Curran Oi Apr 2021

Reversible Peptide-Protein Interactions Inside Cells: Enabling A New Approach For Achieving Super-Resolution Imaging In Live Cells, Curran Oi

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Cells are the basic unit of life and, within cells, thousands of unique proteins work in concert to perform a vast array of tasks. Visualizing and tracking proteins inside live cells is therefore critical to understanding the behavior of these proteins in vivo. The invention of fluorescence microscopy has enabled proteins to be tagged and tracked using fluorescent molecules. More recently, the development of super-resolution microscopy has enabled very high resolution images of proteins in cells to be collected, both in vitro and in vivo.Currently, one major challenge in super-resolution microscopy is the fact that many proteins are not amenable …

Go to article

Developing Tradition: A History Of Intercultural Health Governance In Mexico, 1940-2000, Joshua Mentanko Apr 2021

Developing Tradition: A History Of Intercultural Health Governance In Mexico, 1940-2000, Joshua Mentanko

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

This is an intellectual and social history of efforts by the Mexican state to order and transform medical pluralism for developmentalist ends in the highlands of Chiapas state between 1940 and 2000. Focusing on state employees, bilingual and indigenous doctors and midwives, and Mexican and foreign anthropologists, it grounds the emergence of “interculturalidad” – or the project of integrating indigenous traditional medicine into state and non-state health institutions – in a broader history of economic development and modernization and indigenous resistance to and negotiation of capitalist and national integration projects. It shows how efforts to integrate traditional medicine have not …

Go to article

Macrophage Mechanosensing Of The Tissue Environment And Signal Integration Through The Cytoskeleton, Matthew Lowell Meizlish Apr 2021

Macrophage Mechanosensing Of The Tissue Environment And Signal Integration Through The Cytoskeleton, Matthew Lowell Meizlish

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is an organized assembly of proteins and polysaccharides that is produced by cells and forms the physical environment in which cells reside. Together, diverse cell types and their surrounding extracellular matrix form units of organization known as tissues, which make up organs. The ECM gives rise to the particular architecture and mechanical properties of each organ. During tissue repair, cells known as myofibroblasts deposit large quantities of ECM, in order to reconstruct the injured tissue. In normal tissue repair, that reparative phase is followed by a resolution phase, in which cells such as macrophages degrade and …

Go to article

Serine Phosphorylation Of The Small Phosphoprotein Icap1 Inhibits Its Nuclear Accumulation, Valerie L. Su Apr 2021

Serine Phosphorylation Of The Small Phosphoprotein Icap1 Inhibits Its Nuclear Accumulation, Valerie L. Su

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are neurovascular abnormalities characterized by thin, leaky blood vessels resulting in lesions that predispose to hemorrhages, stroke, epilepsy, and focal neurological deficits. Familial CCMs arise due to loss-of-function mutations in genes encoding one of three CCM complex proteins, KRIT1, CCM2, or CCM3. These widely-expressed, multi-functional adaptor proteins can assemble into a CCM protein complex and either alone, or in complex, modulate signaling pathways that influence cell adhesion, cell contractility, cytoskeletal reorganization and gene expression. While recent advances, including analysis of the structures and interactions of CCM proteins, have allowed substantial progress towards understanding the molecular bases …

Go to article

In Between Dār Al-Islām And The ‘Lands Of The Christians’: Three Christian Arabic Travel Narratives From The Early Modern/Ottoman Period (Mid-17th-Early 18th Centuries), Iraj Sheidaee Apr 2021

In Between Dār Al-Islām And The ‘Lands Of The Christians’: Three Christian Arabic Travel Narratives From The Early Modern/Ottoman Period (Mid-17th-Early 18th Centuries), Iraj Sheidaee

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

This study analyzes closely the Arabic travel narratives of three Christians from the Ottoman Levant and Near East, who travelled to what they called the ‘lands of the Christians’—ie. Europe. Paul of Aleppo (Būluṣ al-Ḥalabī), a deacon of the Orthodox Church, travelled from 1652 to 1659 to Southeastern and Eastern Europe: the Danubian Principalities (modern Romania), the ‘lands of the Cossacks’ (Ukraine), and Muscovite Russia. Paul’s travels were part of an Arab Orthodox ecclesial mission in the company of this father, Patriarch Makarios III ibn al-Zaʿīm of the see of Antioch. He recorded his travel experiences in one of the …

Go to article

Identification And Characterization Of The P53-Induced Long Noncoding Rna Isoform Pvt1b And Its Role In Stress-Specific Growth Inhibition Via Myc Repression, Christiane Olivero Apr 2021

Identification And Characterization Of The P53-Induced Long Noncoding Rna Isoform Pvt1b And Its Role In Stress-Specific Growth Inhibition Via Myc Repression, Christiane Olivero

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

The tumor suppressor p53 and proto-oncogenic Myc transcription factors are frequently deregulated in cancer, with common loss-of-function and gain-of-function mutations observed in the p53 and Myc networks, respectively. Referred to as the ‘guardian of the genome,’ p53 regulates genes important for curtailing cellular proliferation and tumorigenesis under conditions of stress, while the proto-oncogene Myc induces genes that, in contrast, promote cellular growth and can, in overcoming growth inhibitory signals, support cancer development. While previous literature has documented decreased Myc expression in response to cellular stress, researchers have long puzzled over identifying the specific regulatory lever responsible. The work presented here …

Go to article

Essays In International Trade, Eduardo Pinheiro Fraga Apr 2021

Essays In International Trade, Eduardo Pinheiro Fraga

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

The first chapter studies the factors that determine the degree of spatial concentration of a country’s population. I investigate the drivers of concentration by adding non-homothetic preferences to a modern quantitative spatial model, obtaining a two-sector spatial model in which concentration depends on trade networks, structural transformation, and location-specific fundamentals (i.e. productivities and amenities). The model delivers an analytical expression decomposing changes in spatial concentration into separate terms that reflect the roles of these three forces. I then bring the model to the data in two steps: first, estimate trade gravity equations to recover year- and sector-specific trade-cost matrices; then …

Go to article

Urban Dreams And Agrarian Renovations: Examining The Politics And Practices Of Peri-Urban Land Conversion In Hanoi, Vietnam, Emily Nguyen Apr 2021

Urban Dreams And Agrarian Renovations: Examining The Politics And Practices Of Peri-Urban Land Conversion In Hanoi, Vietnam, Emily Nguyen

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

In Mễ Trì village on the Western peri-urban edge of Hanoi, Vietnam, landless rice farmers no longer tend to rice paddy fields. Instead, many have converted 40 square meters of their residential space into a small factory for producing an artisanal rice product called cốm (young rice). This small village-based industry has garnered national demand for the product, drawing the attention of central policymakers who want to preserve the craft as a cultural relic of Hanoi. But without land to cultivate the rice inputs, young rice production is largely driven by the outsourcing of grains, the use of inventive new …

Go to article

Essays On Geography And Firm Dynamics, Marcos Ribeiro Frazao Apr 2021

Essays On Geography And Firm Dynamics, Marcos Ribeiro Frazao

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

In this dissertation, I study the effects of geography on firm dynamics. I do so from three different perspectives. The first two chapters explore how geography affects sales of branded retail products in the United States. Chapter 1 focuses on the spread of sales over time and space. It describes each component of sales and discusses the potential role of word-of-mouth in the growth of brands. Chapter 2 studies the cross-section relation of brand sales and distance. The chapter analyses how physical trade frictions and information frictions interact and generate the observed reduction in customer base as distance increases. Chapter …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last