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Broad-Based Capital Injection Programs, June Rhee, Junko Oguri, Greg Feldberg, Andrew Metrick Apr 2022

Broad-Based Capital Injection Programs, June Rhee, Junko Oguri, Greg Feldberg, Andrew Metrick

Journal of Financial Crises

This paper surveys 36 broad-based capital injection (BBCI) programs and attempts to identify some best (and worst) practices. We argue that it is crucial to distinguish between programs implemented during acute (“panic”) and chronic (“debt overhang”) phases of a crisis, where the goals of program design should be different. In an acute phase, programs should be designed to influence the behavior of bank counterparties, while in chronic phases, the focus should be on bank behavior itself. With this framing, we identify seven themes to guide program design, and provide many illustrative examples for the policymaker’s tool kit.

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Ecb Governing Council Monetary Policy Meeting 9-10 March 2022, European Central Bank (Ecb): Eurosystem Apr 2022

Ecb Governing Council Monetary Policy Meeting 9-10 March 2022, European Central Bank (Ecb): Eurosystem

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No abstract provided.

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Λίγα Λόγια Για Το Τεκε, Greece: Hellenic Deposit & Investment Guarantee Fund Apr 2022

Λίγα Λόγια Για Το Τεκε, Greece: Hellenic Deposit & Investment Guarantee Fund

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Original Title: "Λίγα λόγια για το ΤΕΚΕ "

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Covered Deposits' - In Greek, Translated Title, Greece: Hellenic Deposit & Investment Guarantee Fund Apr 2022

Covered Deposits' - In Greek, Translated Title, Greece: Hellenic Deposit & Investment Guarantee Fund

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Original Title: "Καλυπτόμενες καταθέσεις"

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What We Cover, Financial Services Compensation Scheme Apr 2022

What We Cover, Financial Services Compensation Scheme

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No abstract provided.

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The Ecb Extends Maturity Of The Eurep Line, Centralna Banka Crne Gore / Central Bank Of Montenegro Apr 2022

The Ecb Extends Maturity Of The Eurep Line, Centralna Banka Crne Gore / Central Bank Of Montenegro

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No abstract provided.

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Songs, Safe And Sound: Children’S Educational Music In Interwar America, Alexandra Krawetz Apr 2022

Songs, Safe And Sound: Children’S Educational Music In Interwar America, Alexandra Krawetz

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

This dissertation examines how children’s music, children’s theater, and media (e.g., radio and film) contributed to safety education from 1918 to 1939. During this time, technologies such as automobiles radically changed everyday life, leaving death and tragedy in their wake. These hazards fundamentally challenged the safety of family life, recreation, and work. As deaths from preventable accidents rivaled the number of American soldiers who died in World War I, governments and trade associations created new safety initiatives to prevent death and injury. Scholars have examined the economic, engineering, and workplace aspects of safety. However, overlooked is the revolutionary role of …

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Avoiding More Than Intimacy: Avoidant Attachment And The Avoidance Of Positive Emotions, Chance Adkins Apr 2022

Avoiding More Than Intimacy: Avoidant Attachment And The Avoidance Of Positive Emotions, Chance Adkins

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Across four studies, I examine links between attachment avoidance and emotion experience and expression. In Studies 1 & 2 participants reported on their experience and expression of nine emotions: happiness, gratitude, empathic happiness, sadness, embarrassment, hurt, guilt, anxiety, and empathic distress, with participants in Studies 3 additionally reporting on anger. Study 4 specifically examined links between avoidant attachment and the experience and expression of happiness. Special attention is paid to the link between attachment avoidance and the experience and expression of positive emotion, as this carries with it a host of important outcomes for relationships (Algoe, 2012; Fredrickson; 2001). In …

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How Do I Know What You Know? A Novel Theoretical Account Of Epistemic Inference, Rosie Aboody Apr 2022

How Do I Know What You Know? A Novel Theoretical Account Of Epistemic Inference, Rosie Aboody

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Of the capacities that make us uniquely human—pedagogy, social learning, coop- eration, communication, moral evaluation—all hinge, at least in part, on an under- standing of what others know or believe. Critically, we cannot see mental states: we have access only to the observable behaviors they cause. So, to navigate the social world, we must often infer what others think from observing what they do. While prior work has investigated how children and adults infer preferences, goals, and desires from behavior, little research has investigated how we infer epistemic states (knowledge and beliefs). In this thesis, I expand upon existing accounts …

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"Familles, Je Vous Hais!": The Family In The French Interwar Novel, Chandler Abshire Apr 2022

"Familles, Je Vous Hais!": The Family In The French Interwar Novel, Chandler Abshire

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Under the Third Republic, social and political theorists responded to national crises by advocating for a strengthening of the traditional patriarchal family. After the French defeat in the Franco-Prussian war of 1870-1, officials put faith in the family as a panacea for the various demographic and moral ills that led to the defeat. The interwar period again saw the return of such calls, but authors of the interwar period carry out clear critiques of the patriarchal family as a source not of moral and reproductive strength, but rather of prejudice and stagnation. The interwar period is often overlooked by scholars …

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Human Engineered Pulsatile Conduits Using Engineered Heart Tissue Of Defined Composition And Fiber Orientation, Christopher William Anderson Apr 2022

Human Engineered Pulsatile Conduits Using Engineered Heart Tissue Of Defined Composition And Fiber Orientation, Christopher William Anderson

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine are relatively new fields that aim to combine principals of chemistry, physics and biology to recreate tissues of the body within lab settings. By utilizing these concepts, novel tissues can be created from entirely biologic material for use as therapeutic replacement tissues. The advent of stem cell technology has been an incredible enabling factor for tissue engineering as a field, especially that of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). hiPSCs are a class of stem cell that may be readily produced using non-invasively derived patient samples that are subsequently transfected with what are commonly known …

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Regulation Of Pi3k/Akt Signaling By The Exocyst Complex, Alexander Michael Anneken Apr 2022

Regulation Of Pi3k/Akt Signaling By The Exocyst Complex, Alexander Michael Anneken

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

The exocyst is a conserved hetero-octameric protein complex responsible for tethering secretory vesicles to the plasma membrane prior to vesicle fusion. The exocyst associates with various factors on both the vesicular and plasma membranes throughout the process of tethering, including small GTPases and the SNARE proteins themselves. As such, these interactions influence not only where the exocyst tethers the vesicle on the plasma membrane, but also how the vesicle ultimately fuses. This theme of conferring spatial control to exocytosis has been central to decades of exocyst research, which over time has implicated the exocyst in myriad cellular processes. Consequently, genetic …

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Essays On Marginal Treatment Effects, Vitor Augusto Possebom Apr 2022

Essays On Marginal Treatment Effects, Vitor Augusto Possebom

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

In this dissertation, I discuss identification problems with two sources of endogeneity. In both chapters, one source of endogeneity is self-selection into treatment. To address this problem, I use the Marginal Treatment Effect framework developed by Heckman and Vytlacil (2009). In the first chapter, I partially identify the marginal treatment effect (MTE) function when the treatment variable is misclassified. To do so, I explore three sets of restrictions on the relationship between the instrument, the misclassified treatment and the correctly measured treatment, allowing for dependence between the instrument and the misclassification decision. If the signs of the derivatives of the …

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Essays On Development Microeconomics In Ghana, Nathan Earl Barker Apr 2022

Essays On Development Microeconomics In Ghana, Nathan Earl Barker

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Developing countries are urbanizing, transitioning out of agriculture, and expanding social protection programs. In order to understand the economic consequences of these phenomena, it is important to understand the way that individual and household behavior adjusts in response to these changes. This dissertation examines this interplay; I study how cultural institutions and structural transformation interact, and evaluate the effects of a specific form of social protection: cognitive behavioral therapy. In Chapter 1, I examine the ways in which a specific set of cultural institutions, land inheritance rules, interact with economic opportunities outside of agriculture. In particular, I examine the effects …

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Evolutionary Dynamics Of Rapid, Microgeographic Adaptation In An Amphibian Metapopulation, Adam Zachary Andis Arietta Apr 2022

Evolutionary Dynamics Of Rapid, Microgeographic Adaptation In An Amphibian Metapopulation, Adam Zachary Andis Arietta

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Wild organisms can rapidly adapt to changing environments, even at fine spatial scales. This fact prompts hope that contemporary local adaptation may buffer some of the negative anthropogenic impacts to ecosystems. However, there are limits to the pace of adaptation. Understanding the adaptive potential—and limitations—of individual species at fine-resolution is an important task if we hope to accurately predict the repercussions of future climate and landscape change on biodiversity. My dissertation takes advantage of an uncommonly long-observed and closely-studied system to paint a comprehensive picture of evolution over time in association with shifts in ecological contexts. In this dissertation, I …

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Archival Phonetics & Prosodic Typology In Sixteen Australian Languages, Sarah Babinski Apr 2022

Archival Phonetics & Prosodic Typology In Sixteen Australian Languages, Sarah Babinski

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

In naturalistic speech, the phonetic instantiation of phonological categories is often highly variable. Speakers have been observed to converge on patterns of phonetic variation that are consistent within languages but variable cross-linguistically for the same phonological phenomenon. Speakers are evidently sensitive to these sorts of patterns and learn the phonetic variation in a consistent way. Furthermore, the systematicity of this variation suggests that these patterns should change over time systematically as well. Most Australian languages assign lexical stress consistently on the first syllable of the word, raising the question of how the phonetics of stress varies across languages with this …

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Whole-Hand Robotic Manipulation With Rolling, Sliding, And Caging, Walter Gottlieb Bircher Apr 2022

Whole-Hand Robotic Manipulation With Rolling, Sliding, And Caging, Walter Gottlieb Bircher

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Traditional manipulation planning and modeling relies on strong assumptions about contact. Specifically, it is common to assume that contacts are fixed and do not slide. This assumption ensures that objects are stably grasped during every step of the manipulation, to avoid ejection. However, this assumption limits achievable manipulation to the feasible motion of the closed-loop kinematic chains formed by the object and fingers. To improve manipulation capability, it has been shown that relaxing contact constraints and allowing sliding can enhance dexterity. But in order to safely manipulate with shifting contacts, other safeguards must be used to protect against ejection. “Caging …

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Opera As Statecraft In Soviet Armenia And Kazakhstan, Knar Abrahamyan Apr 2022

Opera As Statecraft In Soviet Armenia And Kazakhstan, Knar Abrahamyan

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

This dissertation reconceptualizes Soviet music history by focusing on the artistic productions of ethnic and racial minorities under the Communist Party’s subjugation. According to communist propaganda, the Soviet state overthrew Russian imperialism and—as part of a cultural revolution—commissioned national operas to celebrate the diversity of each republic. I argue, however, that under the guise of modernization, the allegedly anti-colonial Communist Party used opera as a colonial technology of rule to negate difference. The Soviet national opera project thus pursued the age-old Russian imperial practices of assimilation and subjugation, which allowed communists to maintain rule over a multiethnic population. Each of …

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Structural Basis Of Flagellar Filament Asymmetry And Supercoil Templating By Leptospira Sheath Factors, Megan Rose Brady Apr 2022

Structural Basis Of Flagellar Filament Asymmetry And Supercoil Templating By Leptospira Sheath Factors, Megan Rose Brady

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

The spirochete family of bacteria, including pathogens such as Borrelia burgdorferi (Lyme disease), Treponema pallidum (syphilis), and Leptospira interrogans (leptospirosis), generates a unique, corkscrew-like form of motility that is crucial for pathogenicity. This motility is driven by flagella that are periplasmic rather than extracellular in nature and are composed of a FlaB core and a FlaA sheath. Purified Leptospira flagellar filaments form tight coils and contain the coiling proteins FcpA and FcpB, in addition to two FlaA isoforms. Loss of either the FlaA or Fcp proteins results in straighter flagella and bacteria that are non-motile and non-pathogenic. I have used …

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Deep Learning For Embedding And Integrating Multimodal Biomedical Data, Matthew Amodio Apr 2022

Deep Learning For Embedding And Integrating Multimodal Biomedical Data, Matthew Amodio

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Biomedical data is being generated in extremely high throughput and high dimension by technologies in areas ranging from single-cell genomics, proteomics, and transcriptomics (cytometry, single-cell RNA and ATAC sequencing) to neuroscience and cognition (fMRI and PET) to pharmaceuticals (drug perturbations and interactions). These new and emerging technologies and the datasets they create give an unprecedented view into the workings of their respective biological entities. However, there is a large gap between the information contained in these datasets and the insights that current machine learning methods can extract from them. This is especially the case when multiple technologies can measure the …

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The Impacts Of Team-Based Care On Primary Care Quality: Evaluating Evidence From The State Innovation Model (Sim) Program In Connecticut, Emily Boudreau Apr 2022

The Impacts Of Team-Based Care On Primary Care Quality: Evaluating Evidence From The State Innovation Model (Sim) Program In Connecticut, Emily Boudreau

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

In 2013, CMMI awarded Connecticut a $45 million State Innovation Model (SIM) grant to support healthcare payment and delivery model reforms aimed at improving health system performance, increasing quality of care, and decreasing costs. In the five years that followed, the Office of Healthcare Strategy led care delivery changes across the state with an emphasis on bolstering the role of primary care. In particular, many of these efforts centered on furthering team-based, patient-centered models, such as the patient-centered medical home (PCMH). In this dissertation, I use physician, patient, clinical outcome, and organizational data from the SIM project to explore the …

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Functional Profiling Of Human Commensal Metabolites In Colorectal Cancer And Pain Sensation, Yiyun Cao Apr 2022

Functional Profiling Of Human Commensal Metabolites In Colorectal Cancer And Pain Sensation, Yiyun Cao

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

The gastrointestinal tract contains the largest number and greatest diversity of microbes which are referred to collectively as the gut microbiota. Alterations in microbiota dysbiosis are associated with diverse disease states, including colorectal cancer (CRC), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, the causative mechanisms mediated by the gut microbiota are still to be illustrated. Particularly, the gut commensals encode ~150 times more genes than the human genome and thousands of metabolites that mostly lack functional annotations or structural identification. Therefore, the functional profiling of human commensal metabolites is promising to reveal the molecular mechanisms of the …

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Topological And Dynamical Aspects Of Strata Of Differentials, Aaron Calderon Apr 2022

Topological And Dynamical Aspects Of Strata Of Differentials, Aaron Calderon

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

The first part of this dissertation investigates the relationship between strata of Abelian differentials and various mapping class groups afforded by means of the topological monodromy representation. We show that the fundamental group of a stratum surjects onto the subgroup of the mapping class group which preserves a fixed framing of the underlying Riemann surface, thereby giving a complete characterization of the monodromy group. In the course of our proof we also show that these "framed mapping class groups" are finitely generated (even though they are of infinite index) and give explicit generating sets. This work was accomplished in collaboration …

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The Role Of Mink1 In Congenital Heart Disease: Regulation Of Spemann Organizer Cell Fate And Multiciliated Cell Specification, Vaughn Colleluori Apr 2022

The Role Of Mink1 In Congenital Heart Disease: Regulation Of Spemann Organizer Cell Fate And Multiciliated Cell Specification, Vaughn Colleluori

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect and leading cause of infant mortality, yet molecular mechanisms explaining CHD remain mostly unknown. Sequencing studies are identifying CHD candidate genes at a brisk rate including MINK1, a serine/threonine kinase. However, a plausible molecular mechanism connecting CHD and MINK1 is unknown. Here, we reveal that mink1 is required for proper heart development due to its role in left-right patterning. Mink1 regulates canonical Wnt signaling to define the cell fates of the Spemann organizer and the Left-Right Organizer, a ciliated structure that breaks bilateral symmetry in the vertebrate embryo. To identify …

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Ecosystem Structure And Function In Semiarid Drylands: Exploring The Effects Of Water And Nitrogen Availability In The Great Plains Of The Western United States, Christopher Beltz Apr 2022

Ecosystem Structure And Function In Semiarid Drylands: Exploring The Effects Of Water And Nitrogen Availability In The Great Plains Of The Western United States, Christopher Beltz

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

The global soil carbon (C) pool contains more than twice as much C as the atmosphere, and a large portion of terrestrial C as a whole. Within the global soil C pool, drylands contain 20% of the soil C, in addition to covering 40% of the earth’s surface. Because they are both widespread and a significant reservoir of C, drylands are an important component of the global C cycle. Despite the importance of drylands, ecosystem function can be difficult to predict, with drylands switching from a C source to sink on an interannual basis. This uncertainty in net C flux …

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Magel2 And Hypothalamic Pomc Neuron Modulation Of Infant Mice Isolation-Induced Vocalizations, Gabriela M. Bosque Ortiz Apr 2022

Magel2 And Hypothalamic Pomc Neuron Modulation Of Infant Mice Isolation-Induced Vocalizations, Gabriela M. Bosque Ortiz

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Abstract The proper development of infant mammals depends on infant vocalization. Infants vocalize (i.e., cry) when isolated from their caregivers, attracting their attention to receive nurture. Impaired vocal behavior can lead to maternal neglect and even death in some species. Similar to humans and other mammals, infant mice vocalize upon isolation from their nest and decrease vocalizations when reunited with their mother or littermates. Mouse pups vocalize above the human audible range, emitting ultrasonic vocalizations (USV). My thesis investigated the effects of the imprinted gene, Magel2, on mouse vocal behavior (Chapter 2; published in Genes, Brain, and Behavior) and also …

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Light-Matter Interactions In Thin-Film Materials And Their Optoelectronic Applications, Chen Chen Apr 2022

Light-Matter Interactions In Thin-Film Materials And Their Optoelectronic Applications, Chen Chen

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Thin-film layered and traditional materials exhibit distinctive physics properties from their bulk counterparts. Thin-film materials bridges the gap between monolayer two-dimensional (2D) materials and bulk materials and possess the advantages of both, e.g., large tunability and high stability. However, recent research efforts focus on physical properties of monolayer 2D materials while state-of-art commercialized device applications are dominated by conventional bulk materials. Therefore, great potentials remain unexplored in thin-film materials, which host novel physics phenomenon and are promising for advanced device applications. In this work, we investigated the fundamental light-mattering properties of the thin-film materials and further demonstrated thin film devices …

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Multiscale Modeling Of Familial Cardiomyopathy-Linked Tropomyosin Mutations, Jenette Creso Apr 2022

Multiscale Modeling Of Familial Cardiomyopathy-Linked Tropomyosin Mutations, Jenette Creso

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Mutations in proteins of the cardiac sarcomere can alter muscle function, leading to a hypercontractile or a hypocontractile state of the heart. These mutational insults can also lead to disease states over time, such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) or dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). One such gene, TPM1, which encodes the sarcomeric regulatory protein α-tropomyosin, has been linked to cases of both familial HCM and DCM. However, it remains unclear how different mutations to the same gene can cause different pathogenic phenotypes. Without clear predictive genotype-phenotype relationships, the value of clinical genetic testing in screening and treating families is inherently limited. This …

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Evaluating The Role Of The Alzheimer’S Disease Risk Factor Pyk2 In Tau Phosphorylation, Pathology And Related Dysfunction, Alex Harrison Brody Apr 2022

Evaluating The Role Of The Alzheimer’S Disease Risk Factor Pyk2 In Tau Phosphorylation, Pathology And Related Dysfunction, Alex Harrison Brody

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia, is the 6th leading cause of death in the US and the 5th leading cause of death in individuals 65 and older. As the global population ages, current projections suggest that AD may overwhelm existing healthcare infrastructure in the 21st century, with cases in the US expected to surpass 13.8 million by 2060. The need for additional disease modifying therapies is paramount, though the development of novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of AD is limited by our current understanding of AD pathophysiology. The vast majority of AD cases are sporadic …

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Product Market Competition And Strategic New Product Releases, Ruiting Dai Apr 2022

Product Market Competition And Strategic New Product Releases, Ruiting Dai

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Economic theory suggests that strategic releases of new products can deter entrants and preempt competition. However, tracking new products is challenging due to the multitude of brands and product models. I introduce disclosure-based measures of new products using new product announcements collected from newswires, and examine how product market competition affects firms’ new product releases. Using plausibly exogenous variations in tariff changes as a proxy for foreign competition, I find that firms are more likely to release new products when competition increases. Consistent with my predictions, I also find that the effect concentrates in industries that have higher sales concentration …

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