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Salt Fingers In An Unbounded Thermocline, Melvin E. Stern, Timour Radko, Julian Simeonov Jan 2001

Salt Fingers In An Unbounded Thermocline, Melvin E. Stern, Timour Radko, Julian Simeonov

Journal of Marine Research

Numerical solutions for salt fingers in an unbounded thermocline with uniform overall vertical temperature-salinity gradients are obtained from the Navier-Stokes-Boussinesq equations in a finite computational domain with periodic boundary conditions on the velocity. First we extend previous two-dimensional (2D) heat-salt calculations [Prandtl number Pr = ν/kT = 7 and molecular diffusivity ratio τ = kS/kT = 0.01] for density ratio R = 2; as R decreases we show that the average heat and salt fluxes increase rapidly. Then three-dimensional (3D) calculations for R = 2.0, Pr = 7, and the numerically "accessible" values of τ …

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Observations Of The Wind-Induced Exchange At The Entrance To Chesapeake Bay, Arnoldo Valle-Levinson, Kuo-Chuin Wong, Kathryn T. Bosley Jan 2001

Observations Of The Wind-Induced Exchange At The Entrance To Chesapeake Bay, Arnoldo Valle-Levinson, Kuo-Chuin Wong, Kathryn T. Bosley

Journal of Marine Research

Water density and velocity data from two ~75-day deployments across the entrance to the Chesapeake Bay were used in conjunction with wind velocity and sea level records to describe the transverse structure of wind-induced subtidal exchange. Acoustic Doppler current profilers, electromagnetic current meters, and conductivity-temperature-depth recorders were deployed at the entrance to the bay from mid-April to early July of 1999 and from early September to mid-November of 1999. Three main scenarios of wind-induced exchange were identified: (1) Northeasterly (NE) winds consistently drove water from the coast toward the lower Chesapeake Bay as well as water from the upper bay …

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Horizontal Dispersion Of Near-Inertial Oscillations In A Turbulent Mesoscale Eddy Field, Patrice Klein, Stefan Llewellyn Smith Jan 2001

Horizontal Dispersion Of Near-Inertial Oscillations In A Turbulent Mesoscale Eddy Field, Patrice Klein, Stefan Llewellyn Smith

Journal of Marine Research

We study the dispersion of wind-induced near-inertial oscillations (NIOs) in a fully turbulent baroclinic mesoscale eddy field characterized by a continuous wavenumber spectrum. The influence of the eddy field on the horizontal dispersion of the different NIO modes is analyzed using a vertical normal mode expansion. Previous studies have identified two dispersion regimes: trapping and strong dispersion. We examine the modes in physical and spectral space to assess which regime prevails. Numerical and analytical results show the prevalence of a trapping regime. For each NIO mode, there exists a critical horizontal wavenumber, kc, that separates large-scale NIO structures, …

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Central Equatorial Pacific Zonal Currents. Ii: The Seasonal Cycle And The Boreal Spring Surface Eastward Surge, D. E. Harrison, R. D. Romea, G. A. Vecchi Jan 2001

Central Equatorial Pacific Zonal Currents. Ii: The Seasonal Cycle And The Boreal Spring Surface Eastward Surge, D. E. Harrison, R. D. Romea, G. A. Vecchi

Journal of Marine Research

The seasonally averaged zonal momentum equation tendencies at 140W are studied in a high-resolution primitive equation ocean general circulation model simulation of the tropical Pacific. The model experiment, forced by climatological monthly average wind-stress, reproduces well the observed boreal springtime eastward surge of the normally westward surface flow, as well as many features of the acceleration and deceleration between the surface and 200 m between January and October. We present each of the zonal momentum equation tendency terms for the depth range 0-160 m, but our discussion focuses on the behavior of the boreal springtime near-surface flow, perhaps the most …

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Effects Of Macrofauna On Acoustic Backscatter From The Seabed: Field Manipulations In West Sound, Orcas Island, Washington, U.S.A., Robert F. L. Self, Patrick A'Hearn, Peter A. Jumars, Darrell R. Jackson, Michael D. Richardson, Kevin B. Briggs Jan 2001

Effects Of Macrofauna On Acoustic Backscatter From The Seabed: Field Manipulations In West Sound, Orcas Island, Washington, U.S.A., Robert F. L. Self, Patrick A'Hearn, Peter A. Jumars, Darrell R. Jackson, Michael D. Richardson, Kevin B. Briggs

Journal of Marine Research

Previous observations with a bottom-mounted, radially scanning sonar (BAMS) at 40 kHz suggested that macrofaunal activities influence low-angle, acoustic backscatter from seafloor sediments. In order to test that possibility experimentally, we measured and modeled time series of backscatter strength at both 40 and 300 kHz prior to manipulation and then introduced several macrofaunal species at known abundances to randomly selected locations within the ensonified area. We worked in West Sound, Orcas Island, Washington, at a water depth of 20.4 m and for the more frequently recorded 40-kHz series extracted effects by the time-series method known as "intervention analysis," wherein the …

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Enhancing Medical Observational Skills Through Fine Art : A Randomized Controlled Study, Jacqueline Dolev Jan 2001

Enhancing Medical Observational Skills Through Fine Art : A Randomized Controlled Study, Jacqueline Dolev

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

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Incidence And Rate Of Disappearance Of Retinal Hemorrhage In Newborns, Michael Vaughn Emerson Jan 2001

Incidence And Rate Of Disappearance Of Retinal Hemorrhage In Newborns, Michael Vaughn Emerson

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

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Insulin Resistance In Adolescents With Type I Diabetes Is Related To A Failure To Suppress Lipolysis, Allison P. Stewart Jan 2001

Insulin Resistance In Adolescents With Type I Diabetes Is Related To A Failure To Suppress Lipolysis, Allison P. Stewart

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

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The Chimera Of Autonomous Monetary Policy In A Small Open Economy: The Case Of The Czech Republic, Stanislava Jan¡ÄKov¡ Jan 2001

The Chimera Of Autonomous Monetary Policy In A Small Open Economy: The Case Of The Czech Republic, Stanislava Jan¡ÄKov¡

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No abstract provided.

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Ofheo Freddie Mac Report Of Examination, Scott G. Calhoun Jan 2001

Ofheo Freddie Mac Report Of Examination, Scott G. Calhoun

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The cover letter of this report includes a message from Chief Examiner Calhoun

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The Financing Of Innovation: Learning And Stopping, Dirk Bergemann, Ulrich Hege Jan 2001

The Financing Of Innovation: Learning And Stopping, Dirk Bergemann, Ulrich Hege

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

This paper considers the financing of a research project under uncertainty about the time of completion and the probability of eventual success. We distinguish between two financing modes, namely relationship financing, where the allocation decision of the entrepreneur is observable, and arm’s length financing, where it is unobservable. We find that equilibrium funding stops altogether too early relative to the efficient stopping time in both financing modes. The rate at which funding is released becomes tighter over time under relationship financing, and looser under arm’s length financing. The trade-off in the choice of financing modes is between lack of commitment …

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A Computational Analysis Of The Core Of A Trading Economy With Three Competitive Equilibria And A Finite Number Of Traders, Alok Kumar, Martin Shubik Jan 2001

A Computational Analysis Of The Core Of A Trading Economy With Three Competitive Equilibria And A Finite Number Of Traders, Alok Kumar, Martin Shubik

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

In this paper we examine the structure of the core of a trading economy with three competitive equilibria as the number of traders ( N ) is varied. We also examine the sensitivity of the multiplicity of equilibria and of the core to variations in individual initial endowments. Computational results show that the core first splits into two pieces at N = 5 and then splits a second time into three pieces at N = 12. Both of these splits occur not at a point but as a contiguous gap. As N is increased further, the core shrinks by N …

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Expected Utility Theory Without The Completeness Axiom, Juan Dubra, Fabio Maccheroni, Efe A. Ok Jan 2001

Expected Utility Theory Without The Completeness Axiom, Juan Dubra, Fabio Maccheroni, Efe A. Ok

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We study axiomatically the problem of obtaining an expected utility representation for a potentially incomplete preference relation over lotteries by means of a set of von Neumann-Morgenstern utility functions. It is shown that, when the prize space is a compact metric space, a preference relation admits such a multi-utility representation provided that it satisfies the standard axioms of expected utility theory. Moreover, the representing set of utilities is unique in a well-defined sense.

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Weighted Minimum Mean-Square Distance From Independence Estimation, Donald J. Brown, Marten H. Wegkamp Jan 2001

Weighted Minimum Mean-Square Distance From Independence Estimation, Donald J. Brown, Marten H. Wegkamp

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

In this paper we introduce a family of semi-parametric estimators, suggested by Manski’s minimum mean-square distance from independence estimator. We establish the strong consistency, asymptotic normality and consistency of bootstrap estimates of the sampling distribution and the asymptotic variance of these estimators.

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The Financing Of Innovation: Learning And Stopping, Dirk Bergemann, Ulrich Hege Jan 2001

The Financing Of Innovation: Learning And Stopping, Dirk Bergemann, Ulrich Hege

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

This paper considers the financing of a research project under uncertainty about the time of completion and the probability of eventual success. The uncertainty about future success gradually diminishes with the arrival of addtional funding. The entrepreneur controls the funds and can divert them. We distinguish between relationship financing, meaning that the entrepreneur’s allocation of the funds is observable, and arm’s length financing, where it is unobservable. We find that equilibrium funding stops altogether too early relative to the efficient stopping time in both financing modes. We characterize the optimal contracts and equilibrium funding decisions. The financial constraints will typically …

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Electoral Rules And The Emergence Of New Issue Dimensions, Estelle Cantillon Jan 2001

Electoral Rules And The Emergence Of New Issue Dimensions, Estelle Cantillon

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

Different electoral rules provide different incentives for parties competing for votes to adopt emerging issues. As a result, new societal issues will be integrated at different speeds into the political arena, and ultimately, into policy. In order to study this question formally, I propose an extension of the standard spatial model of political competition that allows for issue adoption and more generally, issue prioritizing at the platform level. The paper then compares the outcome of party competition under proportional and plurality rule. Entry is allowed and incumbent parties act as Stackelberg leaders vis-à-vis potential entrants. The analysis highlights the interaction …

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Local Polynomial Whittle Estimation, Donald W.K. Andrews, Yixiao Sun Jan 2001

Local Polynomial Whittle Estimation, Donald W.K. Andrews, Yixiao Sun

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

The local Whittle (or Gaussian semiparametric) estimator of long range dependence, proposed by Künsch (1987) and analyzed by Robinson (1995a), has a relatively slow rate of convergence and a finite sample bias that can be large. In this paper, we generalize the local Whittle estimator to circumvent those problems. Instead of approximating the short-run component of the spectrum, φ(λ), by a constant in a shrinking neighborhood of frequency zero, we approximate its logarithm by a polynomial. This leads to a “local polynomial Whittle” (LPW) estimator. Following the work of Robinson (1995a), we establish the asymptotic bias, variance, mean-squared error (MSE), …

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Crossing Ovah' : A Phenomenological Examination Of Healing In African Americans Of The Southeastern United States, Lalisa Alita Anderson Jan 2001

Crossing Ovah' : A Phenomenological Examination Of Healing In African Americans Of The Southeastern United States, Lalisa Alita Anderson

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No Abstract submitted, substituted introduction: Researchers have examined healing from the perspective of the healer and they have explored the structure and function of healing systems (1,2,3,4). However there is a paucity of research that explores healing from the context of those who have experienced it (5). It has been noted that many mental disorders in the United States remain either untreated or poorly treated, especially in the African-American community (6). The 1999 Surgeon General's Report on Mental Health states that at present the United States mental health system is not equipped to meet the needs of racial and ethnic …

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Legal, Professional, Public And Policy Barriers To The Development Of Organ Donation And Transplantation Programs In The Republic Of Armenia, Sharon Anoush Chekijian Jan 2001

Legal, Professional, Public And Policy Barriers To The Development Of Organ Donation And Transplantation Programs In The Republic Of Armenia, Sharon Anoush Chekijian

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

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Annual Report 2000, Aozora Bank Ltd. Jan 2001

Annual Report 2000, Aozora Bank Ltd.

Documents

No abstract provided.

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Chapter 2 - General Department. 6th Ed. Vol. Financial Organization And Operations Of The Imf, International Monetary Fund (Imf) Jan 2001

Chapter 2 - General Department. 6th Ed. Vol. Financial Organization And Operations Of The Imf, International Monetary Fund (Imf)

Documents

No abstract provided.

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Lög Um Seðlabanka Íslands, Althingi /Icelandic Parliament Jan 2001

Lög Um Seðlabanka Íslands, Althingi /Icelandic Parliament

Documents

No abstract provided.

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Religion And Spirituality In The Care Of Patients With Hiv : Beliefs And Practices Of Providers, Carmit Steren Jan 2001

Religion And Spirituality In The Care Of Patients With Hiv : Beliefs And Practices Of Providers, Carmit Steren

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

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Correlates Between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Dimensional Behavioral Scales And Urinary Neurochemical Excretion, Benson Pin-Sheng Yang Jan 2001

Correlates Between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Dimensional Behavioral Scales And Urinary Neurochemical Excretion, Benson Pin-Sheng Yang

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

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Sublaminar Organization Of The Adult Mouse Olfactory Bulb Nerve Layer, Winnie Wai-Yin Au Jan 2001

Sublaminar Organization Of The Adult Mouse Olfactory Bulb Nerve Layer, Winnie Wai-Yin Au

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Axons of olfactory receptor cells (ORCs) grow from the olfactory epithelium (OE) to the olfactory bulb (OB), where they travel through the olfactory nerve layer (ONL) of the OB, reorganize extensively, and innervate specific synaptic targets in the glomeruli. Within the ONL a unique population of glial cells, the olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs), surround ORC axon fascicles and accompany them to the OB. To better understand the relationship between the OECs and the axon fascicles in the ONL of the adult mouse, we used confocal microscopy and antibodies to the low affinity nerve growth factor receptor p75 (p75), glial fibrillary …

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Studies On The Molecular Mechanics Of Insulin Resistance In Pancreatogenic Diabetes, Ajay V. Maker Jan 2001

Studies On The Molecular Mechanics Of Insulin Resistance In Pancreatogenic Diabetes, Ajay V. Maker

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

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The Effect Of Suture Locking On The Biomechanical Performance Of A Multistrand Flexor Tendon Repair, Dinakar Shenbagamurthi Jan 2001

The Effect Of Suture Locking On The Biomechanical Performance Of A Multistrand Flexor Tendon Repair, Dinakar Shenbagamurthi

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

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The Transduction Of Dendritic Cells For The Immunotherapy Of Cancer, John Mark Sloan Jan 2001

The Transduction Of Dendritic Cells For The Immunotherapy Of Cancer, John Mark Sloan

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

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The Episodes Of Currency Crises In The European Transition Economies, Marek Dabrowski, Rafal Antczak, Malgorzata Markiewicz, Artur Radziwill, Marcin Sasin Jan 2001

The Episodes Of Currency Crises In The European Transition Economies, Marek Dabrowski, Rafal Antczak, Malgorzata Markiewicz, Artur Radziwill, Marcin Sasin

Documents

No abstract provided.

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Hong Kong As An International Financial Centre: Emergence And Development, 1945-1965, Catherine R. Schenk Jan 2001

Hong Kong As An International Financial Centre: Emergence And Development, 1945-1965, Catherine R. Schenk

Documents

No abstract provided.

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