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Simultaneous Data-Based Optimization Of A 1d-Ecosystem Model At Three Locations In The North Atlantic: Part Ii—Standing Stocks And Nitrogen Fluxes, Markus Schartau, Andreas Oschlies Jan 2003

Simultaneous Data-Based Optimization Of A 1d-Ecosystem Model At Three Locations In The North Atlantic: Part Ii—Standing Stocks And Nitrogen Fluxes, Markus Schartau, Andreas Oschlies

Journal of Marine Research

This study relates the performance of an optimized one-dimensional ecosystem model to observations at three sites in the North Atlantic Ocean: the Bermuda Atlantic Time Series Study (BATS, 31N 64W), the location of the North Atlantic Bloom Experiment (NABE, 47N 20W), and Ocean Weather Ship INDIA (OWS-INDIA, 59N 19W). The ecosystem model is based on nitrogen and resolves dissolved inorganic nitrogen (N), phytoplankton (P), zooplankton (Z) and detritus (D), therefore called the NPZD-model. Physical forcing, such as temperature and eddy diffusivities are taken from an eddy-permitting general circulation model of the …

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Simultaneous Data-Based Optimization Of A 1d-Ecosystem Model At Three Locations In The North Atlantic: Part I—Method And Parameter Estimates, Markus Schartau, Andreas Oschlies Jan 2003

Simultaneous Data-Based Optimization Of A 1d-Ecosystem Model At Three Locations In The North Atlantic: Part I—Method And Parameter Estimates, Markus Schartau, Andreas Oschlies

Journal of Marine Research

An optimization experiment is performed with a vertically resolved, nitrogen-based ecosystem model, composed of four state variables (NPZD-model): dissolved inorganic nitrogen (N), phytoplankton (P), herbivorous zooplankton (Z) and detritus (D). Parameter values of the NPZD-model are optimized while assimilating observations at three locations in the North Atlantic simultaneously, namely at the sites of the Bermuda Atlantic Time-Series Study (BATS; 31N 64W), of the North Atlantic Bloom Experiment (NABE; 47N 20W), and of Ocean Weather Ship-India (OWS-INDIA; 59N 19W). A method is described for a simultaneous optimization which effectively merges …

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Evaluation Of Excess 234th Activity In Sediments As An Indicator Of Food Quality For Deep-Sea Deposit Feeders, Amanda W. J. Demopoulos, Craig R. Smith, David J. Demaster, William L. Fornes Jan 2003

Evaluation Of Excess 234th Activity In Sediments As An Indicator Of Food Quality For Deep-Sea Deposit Feeders, Amanda W. J. Demopoulos, Craig R. Smith, David J. Demaster, William L. Fornes

Journal of Marine Research

Deep-sea deposit feeders selectively ingest large volumes of sediment. Knowledge of the nature of this selectivity will help to elucidate the limiting nutritional requirements and geochemical impacts of these abundant animals. Shallow-water and theoretical studies suggest that deep-sea deposit feeders should select particles rich in protein, bacterial biomass, and/or chloropigment concentrations. Recent studies indicate that deep-sea megafaunal deposit feeders exhibit strong gut enrichment of excess (xs) 234Th activity, even though 234Thxs lacks nutritional value. To explore the significance of selective ingestion of 234Thxs activity, we evaluated the correlations between 234Thxs activity and three …

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The Role Of Outflow Geometry In The Formation Of The Recirculating Bulge Region In Coastal Buoyant Outflows, Greg Avicola, Pablo Huq Jan 2003

The Role Of Outflow Geometry In The Formation Of The Recirculating Bulge Region In Coastal Buoyant Outflows, Greg Avicola, Pablo Huq

Journal of Marine Research

Density-driven coastal currents are a common feature in the world's coastal oceans. These currents may separate from the coastline due to variations in geometry. Past studies have shown that this separation may produce two distinctly different flow states: a continuation of the coastal current, or a recirculating gyre downshelf of, and attached to, the separation point. Laboratory experiments of coastal buoyant outflows (rotationally dominated, buoyancy driven) were undertaken to examine the role of bay geometry on the evolution of the outflow. Experiments were conducted on a rotating turntable in relatively deep water (such that the buoyant layer depth was much …

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Rethinking Pegram : Why Erisa Health Benefits Administrators Should Have A Comprehensive Legal Requirement Of Fiduciary Duty, Bradley Ray Helfand Jan 2003

Rethinking Pegram : Why Erisa Health Benefits Administrators Should Have A Comprehensive Legal Requirement Of Fiduciary Duty, Bradley Ray Helfand

Public Health Theses

In the 2000 case Pegram v. Herdrich, the U.S. Supreme Court decided that administrators of health benefits plans covered by the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) of 1974 do not have a fiduciary duty towards beneficiaries when making "mixed decisions" involving treatment and eligibility components. This thesis, Rethinking Pegram: Why ERISA Health Benefits Administrators Should Have a Comprehensive Legal Requirement of Fiduciary Duty, challenges the Court's opinion on grounds of legal precedent and public health ethics. While the legal critique of Pegram is an elaboration of earlier scholarship, the public health ethics critique represents a unique contribution …

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Generalized Potentials And Robust Sets Of Equilibria, Stephen Morris, Takashi Ui Jan 2003

Generalized Potentials And Robust Sets Of Equilibria, Stephen Morris, Takashi Ui

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

This paper introduces generalized potential functions of complete information games and studies the robustness of sets of equilibria to incomplete information. A set of equilibria of a complete information game is robust if every incomplete information game where payoffs are almost always given by the complete information game has an equilibrium which generates behavior close to some equilibrium in the set. This paper provides sufficient conditions for the robustness of sets of equilibria in terms of argmax sets of generalized potential functions and shows that the sufficient conditions generalize the existing sufficient conditions for the robustness of equilibria.

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Tests Of Independence In Separable Econometric Models, Donald J. Brown, Marten H. Wegkamp Jan 2003

Tests Of Independence In Separable Econometric Models, Donald J. Brown, Marten H. Wegkamp

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

A common stochastic restriction in econometric models separable in the latent variablesis the assumption of stochastic independence between the unobserved and observed exogenous variables. Both simple and composite tests of this assumption are derived from properties of independence empirical processes and the consistency of these tests is established

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Who Refers To Whom: A Study Of Research References And The Relationship Between Research Reports And Final Publication, Samuel Mccarthy, Martin Shubik, Jianfeng Yu Jan 2003

Who Refers To Whom: A Study Of Research References And The Relationship Between Research Reports And Final Publication, Samuel Mccarthy, Martin Shubik, Jianfeng Yu

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

The size and style of referencing for a large sample of 60 years of publications of the Cowles Foundation are examined. The influence of computerization is considered. Self-referencing is noted and some observations are made on the costs and distribution of research papers.

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Tests Of Independence In Separable Econometric Models: Theory And Application, Donald J. Brown, Rahul Deb, Marten H. Wegkamp Jan 2003

Tests Of Independence In Separable Econometric Models: Theory And Application, Donald J. Brown, Rahul Deb, Marten H. Wegkamp

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

A common stochastic restriction in econometric models separable in the latent variables is the assumption of stochastic independence between the unobserved and observed exogenous variables. Both simple and composite tests of this assumption are derived from properties of independence empirical processes and the consistency of these tests is established. As an application, we simulate estimation of a random quasilinear utility function, where we apply our tests of independence.

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Gmm Estimation Of Autoregressive Roots Near Unity With Panel Data, Hyungsik Roger Moon, Peter C.B. Phillips Jan 2003

Gmm Estimation Of Autoregressive Roots Near Unity With Panel Data, Hyungsik Roger Moon, Peter C.B. Phillips

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

This paper investigates a generalized method of moments (GMM) approach to the estimation of autoregressive roots near unity with panel data and incidental deterministic trends. Such models arise in empirical econometric studies of firm size and in dynamic panel data modeling with weak instruments. The two moment conditions in the GMM approach are obtained by constructing bias corrections to the score functions under OLS and GLS detrending, respectively. It is shown that the moment condition under GLS detrending corresponds to taking the projected score on the Bhattacharya basis, linking the approach to recent work on projected score methods for models …

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Jackknifing Bond Option Prices, Peter C.B. Phillips, Jun Yu Jan 2003

Jackknifing Bond Option Prices, Peter C.B. Phillips, Jun Yu

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

In continuous time specifications, the prices of interest rate derivative securities depend crucially on the mean reversion parameter of the associated interest rate diffusion equation. This parameter is well known to be subject to estimation bias when standard methods like maximum likelihood (ML) are used. The estimation bias can be substantial even in very large samples and it translates into a bias in pricing bond options and other derivative securities that is important in practical work. The present paper proposes a very general method of bias reduction for pricing bond options that is based on Quenouille’s (1956) jackknife. We show …

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Vision And Influence In Econometrics: John Denis Sargan, Peter C.B. Phillips Jan 2003

Vision And Influence In Econometrics: John Denis Sargan, Peter C.B. Phillips

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

Denis Sargan’s intellectual influence in econometrics is discussed and some of his visions for the future of econometrics are considered in this memorial article. One of Sargan’s favorite topics in econometric theory was finite sample theory, including both exact theory and various types of asymptotic expansions. We provide some summary discussion of asymptotic expansions of the type that Sargan developed in this field and give explicit representations of Sargan’s formula for the Edgeworth expansion in the case of an econometric estimator that can be written as a smooth function of sample moments whose distributions themselves have Edgeworth expansions.

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Fractional Brownian Motion As A Differentiable Generalized Gaussian Process, Victoria Zinde-Walsh, Peter C.B. Phillips Jan 2003

Fractional Brownian Motion As A Differentiable Generalized Gaussian Process, Victoria Zinde-Walsh, Peter C.B. Phillips

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

Brownian motion can be characterized as a generalized random process and, as such, has a generalized derivative whose covariance functional is the delta function. In a similar fashion, fractional Brownian motion can be interpreted as a generalized random process and shown to possess a generalized derivative. The resulting process is a generalized Gaussian process with mean functional zero and covariance functional that can be interpreted as a fractional integral or fractional derivative of the delta-function.

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Tests Of Independence In Separable Econometric Models: Theory And Application, Donald J. Brown, Rahul Deb, Marten H. Wegkamp Jan 2003

Tests Of Independence In Separable Econometric Models: Theory And Application, Donald J. Brown, Rahul Deb, Marten H. Wegkamp

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

A common stochastic restriction in econometric models separable in the latent variables is the assumption of stochastic independence between the unobserved and observed exogenous variables. Both simple and composite tests of this assumption are derived from properties of independence empirical processes and the consistency of these tests is established. As an application, we simulate estimation of a random quasilinear utility function, where we apply our tests of independence.

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Informo Al Congreso De La Nación (2002), Banco Central De La República Argentina (Bcra)/ Central Bank Of Argentina Jan 2003

Informo Al Congreso De La Nación (2002), Banco Central De La República Argentina (Bcra)/ Central Bank Of Argentina

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No abstract provided.

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Optimized Endoscopic Repair Of The Traumatized Facial Skeleton : Cranial Nerve Vii Region, Matthew Stiebel Jan 2003

Optimized Endoscopic Repair Of The Traumatized Facial Skeleton : Cranial Nerve Vii Region, Matthew Stiebel

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

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Correlation Of Dynamic Contrast Enhanced Mri Imaging Characteristics With Gene Expression Profiles In Renal Cell Carcinoma, Essmaeel Hussein Abdel-Dayem Jan 2003

Correlation Of Dynamic Contrast Enhanced Mri Imaging Characteristics With Gene Expression Profiles In Renal Cell Carcinoma, Essmaeel Hussein Abdel-Dayem

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

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Breakpoint Characterization And Assessment For Position Effects In Patients With Tourette Syndrome And Rearrangements Of Chromosome 18q22, Adam Charles Cuker Jan 2003

Breakpoint Characterization And Assessment For Position Effects In Patients With Tourette Syndrome And Rearrangements Of Chromosome 18q22, Adam Charles Cuker

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

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Trends In Seclusion And Restraint Use : A Naturalistic Study Of Psychiatrically Hospitalized Youths, Abigail Louise Donovan Jan 2003

Trends In Seclusion And Restraint Use : A Naturalistic Study Of Psychiatrically Hospitalized Youths, Abigail Louise Donovan

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

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Proper Coronary Vascular Development And Heart Morphogenesis Depend On Interaction Of Gata-4 With Fog Cofactors, Maya Beth Lodish Jan 2003

Proper Coronary Vascular Development And Heart Morphogenesis Depend On Interaction Of Gata-4 With Fog Cofactors, Maya Beth Lodish

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

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The Effect Of Cholesterol-Related Knowledge On Patients' Ability To Reach Target Cholesterol Levels, Jeffrey A. Seiden Jan 2003

The Effect Of Cholesterol-Related Knowledge On Patients' Ability To Reach Target Cholesterol Levels, Jeffrey A. Seiden

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

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When And Why Physicians Deceive : Interactions With Third-Party Payers, David Erik Geist Jan 2003

When And Why Physicians Deceive : Interactions With Third-Party Payers, David Erik Geist

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

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The Political Economy Of Reconstruction Finance Corporation Assistance During The Great Depression, Joseph R. Mason Jan 2003

The Political Economy Of Reconstruction Finance Corporation Assistance During The Great Depression, Joseph R. Mason

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No abstract provided.

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Banking Crises And The Evolution Of The Regulatory Framework In Hong Kong 1945– 1970, Catherine R. Schenk Jan 2003

Banking Crises And The Evolution Of The Regulatory Framework In Hong Kong 1945– 1970, Catherine R. Schenk

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No abstract provided.

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Amendments To The Law On Deposit Guarantees For Individuals, Latvia: Saeima Jan 2003

Amendments To The Law On Deposit Guarantees For Individuals, Latvia: Saeima

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No abstract provided.

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Comprehensive Review Of Regulation W, Federal Reserve System: Board Of Governors Jan 2003

Comprehensive Review Of Regulation W, Federal Reserve System: Board Of Governors

Documents

No abstract provided.

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User's Guide To The 2002 Isda Novation Agreement, International Swap Dealers Association, Inc. (Isda) Jan 2003

User's Guide To The 2002 Isda Novation Agreement, International Swap Dealers Association, Inc. (Isda)

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No abstract provided.

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Indonesia's Banking Crisis: What Happened And What Did We Learn?, Charles Enoch, Olivier Frècaut, Arto Kovanen Jan 2003

Indonesia's Banking Crisis: What Happened And What Did We Learn?, Charles Enoch, Olivier Frècaut, Arto Kovanen

Documents

No abstract provided.

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Bank Negara Malaysia Annual Report 2003, Bank Negara Malaysia/Central Bank Of Malaysia Jan 2003

Bank Negara Malaysia Annual Report 2003, Bank Negara Malaysia/Central Bank Of Malaysia

Documents

No abstract provided.

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Securum And The Way Out Of The Swedish Banking Crisis, Clas Bergstr¶M, Peter Englund, Per Thorell Jan 2003

Securum And The Way Out Of The Swedish Banking Crisis, Clas Bergstr¶M, Peter Englund, Per Thorell

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No abstract provided.

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