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Discussing Prognosis: Documented Communication With Elderly Patients With Cancer At The End Of Life, Anna Gibb Hallemeier Mar 2003

Discussing Prognosis: Documented Communication With Elderly Patients With Cancer At The End Of Life, Anna Gibb Hallemeier

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

The purposes of this study were to evaluate the frequency of documented prognosis discussions among terminally ill cancer patients, to identify correlates of having documented prognosis discussions, and to describe the content of prognosis discussions as documented in patient medical records. Sample data were collected from the randomly selected medical records of inpatients (n=210) aged 65 years or older and admitted with diagnoses of brain, pancreas, liver, gall bladder, or inoperable lung cancer from six large Connecticut hospitals. A standardized instrument was used to extract data concerning patient demographics, hospital course, prognosis discussions, and evidence of advance care planning. Prognosis …

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Moodys Bonus Letter To Kolchinsky From Rutherfurd, John Rutherfurd Jr. Mar 2003

Moodys Bonus Letter To Kolchinsky From Rutherfurd, John Rutherfurd Jr.

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This letter is addressed to Kolchinsky, Ilya

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Beauty Contests, Bubbles And Iterated Expectations In Asset Markets, Franklin Allen, Stephen Morris, Hyun Song Shin Mar 2003

Beauty Contests, Bubbles And Iterated Expectations In Asset Markets, Franklin Allen, Stephen Morris, Hyun Song Shin

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

In a financial market where traders are risk averse and short lived, and prices are noisy, asset prices today depend on the average expectation today of tomorrow’s price. Thus (iterating this relationship) the date 1 price equals the date 1 average expectation of the date 2 average expectation of the date 3 price. This will not in general equal the date 1 average expectation of the date 3 price. We show how this failure of the law of iterated expectations for average belief can help understand the role of higher order beliefs in a fully rational asset pricing model and …

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Eclectic Distributional Ethics, John E. Roemer Mar 2003

Eclectic Distributional Ethics, John E. Roemer

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

Utilitarians, egalitarians, prioritarians, and sufficientarians each provide examples of situations demonstrating, often compellingly, that a sensible ethical observer must adopt their view and reject the others. We argue, to the contrary, that an attractive ethic is eclectic, in the sense of coinciding with these apparently different views in different regions of the space of social states.

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Information Acquisition In Committees, Dino Gerardi, Leeat Yariv Mar 2003

Information Acquisition In Committees, Dino Gerardi, Leeat Yariv

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

The goal of this paper is to illustrate the significance of information acquisition in mechanism design. We provide a stark example of a mechanism design problem in a collective choice environment with information acquisition. We concentrate on committees that are comprised of agents sharing a common goal and having a joint task. Members of the committee decide whether to acquire costly information or not at the outset and are then asked to report their private information. The designer can choose the size of the committee, as well as the procedure by which it selects the collective choice, i.e., the correspondence …

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Consistent Hac Estimation And Robust Regression Testing Using Sharp Origin Kernels With No Truncation, Peter C.B. Phillips, Yixiao Sun, Sainan Jin Mar 2003

Consistent Hac Estimation And Robust Regression Testing Using Sharp Origin Kernels With No Truncation, Peter C.B. Phillips, Yixiao Sun, Sainan Jin

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

A new family of kernels is suggested for use in heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation consistent (HAC) and long run variance (LRV) estimation and robust regression testing. The kernels are constructed by taking powers of the Bartlett kernel and are intended to be used with no truncation (or bandwidth) parameter. As the power parameter (ρ) increases, the kernels become very sharp at the origin and increasingly downweight values away from the origin, thereby achieving effects similar to a bandwidth parameter. Sharp origin kernels can be used in regression testing in much the same way as conventional kernels with no truncation, as suggested …

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Political Equilibrium With Private Or/And Public Campaign Finance: A Comparison Of Institutions, John E. Roemer Mar 2003

Political Equilibrium With Private Or/And Public Campaign Finance: A Comparison Of Institutions, John E. Roemer

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We propose a theory of party competition (two parties, single-issue) where citizens acquire party membership by contributing money to a party, and where a member’s influence on the policy taken by her party is proportional to her campaign contribution. The polity consists of informed and uninformed voters: only informed voters join parties, and the party campaign chest, the sum of its received contributions, is used to advertise and reach uninformed voters. Parties compete with each other strategically with respect to policy choice and advertising. We propose a definition of political equilibrium, in which party membership, citizen contributions, and parties’ policies …

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Indeterminacy Of Citizen-Candidate Equilibrium, John E. Roemer Mar 2003

Indeterminacy Of Citizen-Candidate Equilibrium, John E. Roemer

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

In a citizen candidate equilibrium, there are n candidates each of whom announces a policy in a policy space of dimension d. Thus the policy equilibrium lives in a space of dimension nd . We show, in a canonical example, that the equilibrium manifold is generically of dimension nd . In particular, the set of equilibria contains an open set in T n .

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Committee Design In The Presence Of Communication, Dino Gerardi, Leeat Yariv Mar 2003

Committee Design In The Presence Of Communication, Dino Gerardi, Leeat Yariv

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

The goal of this paper is to introduce communication in a collective choice environment with information acquisition. We concentrate on decision panels that are comprised of agents sharing a common goal and having a joint task. Members of the panel decide whether to acquire costly information or not, preceding the communication stage. We take a mechanism design approach and consider a designer who can choose the size of the decision panel, the procedure by which it selects the collective choice, and the communication protocol by which its members abide prior to casting their individual action choices. We characterize the solution …

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End-Of-Sample Cointegration Breakdown Tests, Donald W.K. Andrews, Jae-Young Kim Mar 2003

End-Of-Sample Cointegration Breakdown Tests, Donald W.K. Andrews, Jae-Young Kim

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

This paper introduces tests for cointegration breakdown that may occur over a relatively short time period, such as at the end of the sample. The breakdown may be due to a shift in the cointegrating vector or due to a shift in the errors from being I (0) to being I (1). Tests are introduced based on the post-breakdown sum of squared residuals and the post-breakdown sum of squared reverse partial sums of residuals. Critical values are provided using a parametric subsampling method. The regressors in the model are taken to be arbitrary linear combinations of deterministic, stationary, and integrated …

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Lessons Learned: Obtaining Value From Federal Asset Sales, Thomas H. Stanton Mar 2003

Lessons Learned: Obtaining Value From Federal Asset Sales, Thomas H. Stanton

Documents

No abstract provided.

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Bank Of Korea 2002 Annual Report, Bank Of Korea Mar 2003

Bank Of Korea 2002 Annual Report, Bank Of Korea

Documents

No abstract provided.

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Fannie Mae Presentation- The Hud Housing Goals, Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae) Mar 2003

Fannie Mae Presentation- The Hud Housing Goals, Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae)

Documents

No abstract provided.

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Restructuring Of The Banking Sector In Hungary, Nováková J. Mar 2003

Restructuring Of The Banking Sector In Hungary, Nováková J.

Documents

No abstract provided.

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Informe De La Economía Dominicana Enero-Marzo 2003, Central Bank Of The Dominican Republic Mar 2003

Informe De La Economía Dominicana Enero-Marzo 2003, Central Bank Of The Dominican Republic

Documents

No abstract provided.

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Yale Scientific Magazine: Volume 76, Number 3 Mar 2003

Yale Scientific Magazine: Volume 76, Number 3

Yale Scientific Magazine

No abstract provided.

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Communication And Monetary Policy, Jeffrey Amato, Stephen Morris, Hyun Song Shin Mar 2003

Communication And Monetary Policy, Jeffrey Amato, Stephen Morris, Hyun Song Shin

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

One role of monetary policy is to coordinate expectations in the economy and greater transparency of monetary policy may lead to greater coordination. But if transparent monetary policy helps coordinate expectations, then it must also magnify mistakes.

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The Recognition And Determinants Of Depression At A South African Primary Care Clinic, Virginia Triant Feb 2003

The Recognition And Determinants Of Depression At A South African Primary Care Clinic, Virginia Triant

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Depression leads to substantial morbidity and mortality on a global scale, but it is frequently underrecognized and inadequately treated in primary care settings. The detection of depression is particularly challenging in under-resourced countries. This study attempts to determine rates of recognition and treatment of depressive disorders at a community clinic in the Cape Flats, South Africa. The diagnostic instrument PRIME-MD was administered and charts reviewed for a sample of 222 patients presenting to the Lotus River Community Health Centre. Outcomes sought were (1) the prevalence of depressive disorders and (2) rates of detection and treatment as indicated by antidepressant prescription …

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2002-Berkshire-Hathaway-Letter From Warren E. Buffett, Warren Buffet Feb 2003

2002-Berkshire-Hathaway-Letter From Warren E. Buffett, Warren Buffet

Documents

No abstract provided.

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Joint Letter From Occ And Frbny To Citi Risk Managers, Homer Hill Iii, Eugene A. Jacobi, Jr. Feb 2003

Joint Letter From Occ And Frbny To Citi Risk Managers, Homer Hill Iii, Eugene A. Jacobi, Jr.

Documents

This letter is addressed to David C. Bushnell and James M. Garnett

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Chapter 4: The Resolution And Collection Corporation And The Market For Distressed Debt In Japan, Kenneth Kang Feb 2003

Chapter 4: The Resolution And Collection Corporation And The Market For Distressed Debt In Japan, Kenneth Kang

Documents

No abstract provided.

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Use Of Spect Difference Imaging To Assess Subcortical Blood Flow Changes During Epileptic Seizures, Andrew Norden Feb 2003

Use Of Spect Difference Imaging To Assess Subcortical Blood Flow Changes During Epileptic Seizures, Andrew Norden

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Seizures are thought to arise primarily from the cerebral cortex. However, the propagation and behavioral manifestations of seizures involve a network of both cortical and subcortical structures. The medial thalamus and upper brainstem reticular formation are crucial areas for the maintenance of normal consciousness. Bilateral involvement of these structures may be responsible for loss of consciousness during partial seizures. Therefore, we sought to investigate the role of the medial thalamus and brainstem in seizures. We performed SPECT ictal-interictal difference imaging co-registered with high-resolution MRI scans to localize regions of cerebral blood flow changes in patients undergoing inpatient monitoring for epilepsy. …

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In Utero Indomethacin Alters O₂ [Oxygen] Delivery To The Fetal Ductus Arteriosus : Implications For Persistent Postnatal Patency, Seth Hamlin Goldbarg Feb 2003

In Utero Indomethacin Alters O₂ [Oxygen] Delivery To The Fetal Ductus Arteriosus : Implications For Persistent Postnatal Patency, Seth Hamlin Goldbarg

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Exposure of the fetus to indomethacin produces constriction of the fetal ductus arteriosus (DA) and hypoxia in the avascular muscle media of the vessel wall. Hypoxia induces cell death, which increases the incidence of patent DA in the newborn period. We used a fetal sheep model to determine the factors that were responsible for indomethacin-induced hypoxia at various degrees of DA constriction. Indomethacin produced DA constriction in all fetuses studied in vivo. Cell death in the DA wall was directly related to the degree of indomethacin-induced DA constriction and was present at both moderate (pressure gradient across DA <16 >mmHg) and …

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Fannie Mae Memo Adolfo Marzol To Timothy Howard And Dan Mudd Re Quarterly Risk Assessment Ye 2002, Adolfo Marzol Feb 2003

Fannie Mae Memo Adolfo Marzol To Timothy Howard And Dan Mudd Re Quarterly Risk Assessment Ye 2002, Adolfo Marzol

Documents

No abstract provided.

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China’S Capital And Productivity Measurement Using Financial Resources, Kui-Wai Li Feb 2003

China’S Capital And Productivity Measurement Using Financial Resources, Kui-Wai Li

Discussion Papers

No abstract provided.

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Non-Tariff Barriers As A Test Of Political Economy Theories, Philip I. Levy Feb 2003

Non-Tariff Barriers As A Test Of Political Economy Theories, Philip I. Levy

Discussion Papers

No abstract provided.

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The Strong Law Of Demand, Donald J. Brown, Caterina Calsamiglia Feb 2003

The Strong Law Of Demand, Donald J. Brown, Caterina Calsamiglia

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We show that a demand function is derived from maximizing a quasilinear utility function subject to a budget constraint if and only if the demand function is cyclically monotone. On finite data sets consisting of pairs of market prices and consumption vectors, this result is equivalent to a solution of the Afriat inequalities where all the marginal utilities of income are equal. We explore the implications of these results for maximization of a random quasilinear utility function subject to a budget constraint and for representative agent general equilibrium models. The duality theory for cyclically monotone demand is developed using the …

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Laws And Limits Of Econometrics, Peter C.B. Phillips Feb 2003

Laws And Limits Of Econometrics, Peter C.B. Phillips

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We start by discussing some general weaknesses and limitations of the econometric approach. A template from sociology is used to formulate six laws that characterize mainstream activities of econometrics and the scientific limits of those activities., we discuss some proximity theorems that quantify by means of explicit bounds how close we can get to the generating mechanism of the data and the optimal forecasts of next period observations using a finite number of observations. The magnitude of the bound depends on the characteristics of the model and the trajectory of the observed data. The results show that trends are more …

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Catalytic Finance: When Does It Work?, Stephen Morris, Hyun Song Shin Feb 2003

Catalytic Finance: When Does It Work?, Stephen Morris, Hyun Song Shin

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

In a simple model of currency crises caused by creditor coordination failure, we show that bailouts that reduce ex post inefficiency will sometimes create ex ante moral hazard but will sometimes enhance the incentives for governments to take preventative actions. This model helps us understand a debate about the role of the IMF in catalyzing lending to developing countries.

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Heterogeneity And Uniqueness In Interaction Games, Stephen Morris, Hyun Song Shin Feb 2003

Heterogeneity And Uniqueness In Interaction Games, Stephen Morris, Hyun Song Shin

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

Incomplete information games, local interaction games and random matching games are all special cases of a general class of interaction games (Morris (1997)). In this paper, we use this equivalence to present a unified treatment of arguments generating uniqueness in games with strategic complementarities by introducing heterogeneity in these different settings. We also report on the relation between local and global heterogeneity, on the role of strategic multipliers and on purification in the three types of interaction game.

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