Digital Commons Network^™

British Pounds - U.S. Dollar Swap Agreement, Federal Reserve Bank Of New York, The Governor And Company Of The Bank Of England

Documents

No abstract provided.

European Central Bank Single Supervisory Mechanism Quarter 1 Report, European Central Bank (Ecb)

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No abstract provided.

Greece Prolongation Of The Guarantee Scheme And The Bond Loan Scheme For Credit Institutions In Greece, European Union: European Commission

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PUBLIC VERSIONThis document is made available for information purposes only.

Prolongation Of The Guarantee Scheme And The Bond Loan Scheme For Credit Institutions In Greece, European Union: European Commission, Joaquin Almunia

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State aid SA.37958 (2013/N) – Greece Joaqu­n ALMUNIA Vice-President

Consultative Document - Basel Iii: The Net Stable Funding Ratio, Bank For International Settlements (Bis)

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Basel Committee on Banking Supervision

La Crisis Bancaria De 1999 Costó Al Pa­S $ 6.170 Millones, El Telègrafo

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No abstract provided.

Bailed-Out Bankia Is Symbol Of Spain's Financial Revival, Raphael Minder

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No abstract provided.

Extension Of Credit By Federal Reserve Banks, Federal Reserve System: Board Of Governors

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Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 3 / Monday, January 6, 2014 / Proposed Rules 619

§ 5384. Orderly Liquidation Of Covered Financial Companies, United States: Congress: House Of Representatives

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Title 12 - Banks and Banking, Chapter 53 - Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection, Subchapter II - Orderly Liquidation AuthorityDodd-Frank Wall Street Wall Street Reform And Consumer Protection Act - (NB: This unofficial compilation of the US Code is current as of Jan. 04, 2012. See httpp://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/uscprint.html)

Bad Loan Transfers Begin, Economist Intelligence Unit (Eiu)

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No abstract provided.

Loose Knots: Strong Versus Weak Commitments To Save For Education In Uganda, Dean Karlan, Leigh Linden

Discussion Papers

No abstract provided.

Rainfall Forecasts, Weather And Wages Over The Agricultural Production Cycle, Mark Rosenzweig, Christopher Udry

Discussion Papers

No abstract provided.

Hospital Variation In Admission To Intensive Care Units For Patients With Myocardial Infarction, Ruijun Chen

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

The treatment of patients with myocardial infarction was transformed by the introduction of intensive care units (ICUs), but we know little about how contemporary hospitals employ this resource-intensive setting and whether higher use is associated with better outcomes. We sought to determine the variation in the rates of ICU admission across hospitals for patients with myocardial infarction and whether these rates were associated with mortality or usage of critical care therapies. We hypothesized that large variations exist in rates of ICU use for these patients across hospitals, but that these differences would not be associated with in-hospital mortality. We identified …

Use Of The Pediatric Trauma Score To Triage Severity Of Childhood Injury, Jennifer Fieber

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Trauma is the leading cause of pediatric mortality and morbidity in the United States, but there is no widely accepted trauma scoring criteria for the rapid triage of acute injuries in children. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of the Pediatric Trauma Score (PTS) with central nervous system injury (CNS) and solid organ injury (SOI), subspecialist operative management, and emergency department (ED) disposition in pediatric trauma patients. Our hypothesis was that PTS would be adequately assosciated with these outcomes. We performed a retrospective review of the medical records of all patients less than 16 years of …

Diffuse Reflectance Of Foams, M. A. Devetzoglou, J. R. G. Evans

Journal of Marine Research

There have been few studies of the optical properties of foams but the results of these investigations are of particular relevance to current discussions about climate restoration by means of oceanic foam because they indicate the influence of foam raft number on albedo. The diffuse reflectance of foams prepared from eight surfactants was measured in a 0°/45° geometry with a collimated, solar simulation light source and a photodiode by reference to barium sulphate white standards. Reflectance, or albedo, in the range of 0.5 to 0.59 was recorded for foams prepared with sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), methyl cellulose, and TWEEN 20 …

Some Influences Of Remote Topography On Western Boundary Currents, Michael A. Spall

Journal of Marine Research

The influence of topography in a basin interior on the separation and time-dependence of strongly nonlinear western boundary currents is explored using a shallow water numerical model and scaling theory. In the linear limit, the western boundary current follows the western boundary to the latitude of the gap in the interior topography where it then separates from the coast and flows eastward in a narrow jet. As nonlinearity is increased, the flow initially remains steady but develops a series of stationary meanders extending off the western boundary at the separation latitude. For strongly nonlinear flows the solutions become time-dependent. The …

Symmetric Instability Of Cross-Stream Varying Currents, Joseph Pedlosky

Journal of Marine Research

The symmetric instability of a simple shear flow in which the velocity is a linear function of the vertical coordinate but which varies slowly in the cross-stream direction is studied using an asymptotic analytical method. Explicit analytical solutions are found for the evolution of the envelope of the developing linear instability. Although the problem with no lateral variation yields cell-like instabilities growing in place, the lateral variation of the shear produces time dependence and cross-stream propagation of the envelope and accompanying cells. A similar solution is derived for the case of laterally uniform shear in a current whose depth slowly …

Available Energy Of The World Ocean, Peter R. Bannon, Raymond G. Najjar

Journal of Marine Research

The available energy of the ocean is the excess of the sum of the ocean's internal and gravitational energies with respect to its equilibrium state, which is in thermodynamic equilibrium and has the same total entropy as the ocean. The equilibrium state for the world ocean is rigorously determined to be an isothermal ocean with a temperature of 3.66˚C and a horizontally uniform absolute salinity that increases monotonically from 27.30 g kg^–1 at the surface to 47.39 g kg^–1 at a depth of 5.5 km. This salinity profile is consistent with a uniform relative chemical potential of 47.44 …

Anatomy Of A Langmuir Supercell Event, A. E. Gargett, D. K. Savidge, J. R. Wells

Journal of Marine Research

Langmuir supercells (LS), which are Langmuir circulations (LC) extending over full water column depth during storms and revealed by high water column backscatter from surface-origin microbubbles and bottom-origin sediment, were discovered in 2003 during several months of measurements in 15 m of water near the coast of New Jersey. Both the structures themselves and the specific forcing conditions under which they occur have been documented elsewhere. This paper provides an account of the broader oceanographic setting of supercell events, focusing on conditions at the start and end. The start of events is associated with the presence of surface waves of …

A Comparison Of Transport And Position Between The Gulf Stream East Of Cape Hatteras And The Florida Current, A. Sanchez-Franks, C. N. Flagg, T. Rossby

Journal of Marine Research

The Florida Current (FC) transport and Gulf Stream (GS) transport and position have been measured almost continuously for many decades in the Florida Straits at ∼27° N and for the last 20 years at ∼38° N along the Oleander line, respectively. Variations in both currents have been linked to the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Here we show five different proxies for the position of the GS near the Oleander line and find all five measures internally consistent. Further, using a zonally averaged index, the local measurements prove to be good representatives of overall meridional shifting of the current (between Cape …

Effects Of Injury And Nutrition On Sediment Reworking By Clymenella Torquata (Annelida: Polychaeta), Beth R. Campbell, Sara M. Lindsay

Journal of Marine Research

Marine infaunas influence sediment chemistry, nutrient cycling, and microbial communities as they burrow, feed, defecate, and irrigate their tubes and burrows. Nonlethal tissue loss to predators or other disturbances is frequently observed in macrofaunal communities, and previous research has reported significant effects of onetime injury on animal activity. In this study, we examined the effects of injury and nutrient enrichment on sediment reworking rates of a common deposit-feeding polychaete, Clymenella torquata. Individual worms in cores were monitored in a recirculating seawater system, and their defecation and sediment mixing monitored under several experimental conditions. Worms held in control (unenriched) sediment …

Mechanism For Eph-B4 Regulation Of Vein Graft Adaptation, Daniel Lu

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Introduction

Vein graft adaptation to the arterial circulation entails many changes at the cellular/molecular levels, including both cell proliferation and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition/remodeling, resulting in thickening of the vein wall, and in excessive cases, pathological neointimal hyperplasia. Eph-B4 is a receptor tyrosine kinase and embryonic determinant of veins that, when stimulated, has been shown by our lab to decrease vein graft wall thickening. We hypothesize that among other mechanisms, Eph-B4 exerts this effect through modulating extracellular matrix production and/or degradation, and that Eph-B4 interacts directly with eNOS to mediate some of its downstream effects.

Methods

Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts (MEFs) …

Surfactant Enhanced Delivery Of C/Ebp Homologous Protein And Angiopoietin 2 Silencing Rna To Prevent Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia In Mouse Lung, John Gregory Ramirez

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Objective. To determine if poractant alfa (Curosurf®) could serve as a viable vehicle for silencing RNA (siRNA) delivery. Specifically, we hypothesize that use of Curosurf® as an enhanced delivery vehicle for C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) and Angiopoietin 2 (Ang2) siRNA would augment gene silencing, preventing cell death and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in the mouse lung.

Design. Transfection efficiency of Curosurf® was compared to naked siRNA and Lipofectamine 2000®. MLE-12 cells were transfected with CHOP and Ang2 siRNA using Curosurf®, then exposed to hyperoxic conditions. Cultures were evaluated for respective protein expression and markers of cell death. Curosurf® enhanced siRNA therapy …

Electrical Impedance Myography And Quantitative Ultrasound As Biomarkers In Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, Irina Shklyar

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Electrical impedance myography (EIM) and quantitative ultrasound (QUS) represent two rapid, non-invasive, quantitative, and child-friendly approaches to measure disease outcomes in clinical trials that

may surpass functional tests currently in use. In this thesis, we present a comparison of EIM and QUS data in six muscles from 25 DMD and 25 healthy subjects, aged 2-14 years. Quantitative ultrasound data can be

analyzed by measuring the brightness, or grayscale level (GSL), of the ultrasound image. To circumvent post-processing variability across manufacturers, for the first time, we introduce a new means of evaluating QUS--a quantitative backscatter analysis (QBA) on the raw radio …

Assessing The Survival And Functional Outcomes Of Patients With Supraglottic Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Graeme Michael Rosenberg

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

The objective of this project is to report oncologic and functional outcomes for a cohort of patients with supraglottic squamous cell carcinoma (SSCC) treated in a multidisciplinary setting including the use of transoral laser microsurgery (TLM).

A retrospective observational study at Yale New Haven Hospital, academic teaching hospital was performed. A total of 56 patients without evidence of distant metastasis at presentation treated for SSCC between January 1, 2003 and December 31, 2007 were identified. The main outcome measures include overall survival (OS), locoregional and distant recurrence, and the incidence of tracheostomy and gastrostomy tube requirement.

Of the 56 patients, …

Stress And Rest Spect/Ct Imaging For Evaluation Of Lower Extremity Perfusion: An Index For Evaluation Of Microvascular And Macrovascular Disease, Nataly Sumarriva

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

STRESS AND REST SPECT/CT IMAGING FOR EVALUATION OF LOWER EXTREMITY PERFUSION. Nataly Sumarriva, Wunan Zhou, Mitchel R. Stacy, and Albert J. Sinusas. Section of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a progressive atherosclerotic disease of the lower limbs affecting approximately 8 to 10 million Americans. Diabetic patients are twice as likely to develop PAD than are patients without diabetes mellitus (DM) and PAD progression is more rapid in DM patients. The primary goal of this study was to translate image analysis tools previously developed and validated for application …

The Genetic Basis Of Dupuytren's Disease, Gloria Sue

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Dupuytren's disease is a common heritable connective tissue disorder of poorly understood etiology. It is thought that oxidative stress pathways may play a critical role in the development of Dupuytren's disease, given the various disease associations that have been observed. We sought to sequence the mitochondrial and nuclear genomes of patients affected with Dupuytren's disease using next-generation sequencing technology to potentially identify genes of potential pathogenetic interest. Additionally, we sought to compare the genomes between diseased tissue and blood to look for potential somatic mutations in the diseased tissue. Upon sequencing and subsequent bioinformatics analysis, no differences were observed in …

Skin Toxicity Associated With Clofarabine And Cytarabine For The Treatment Of Acute Leukemia, Bingnan Zhang

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Skin toxicity is associated with a number of different chemotherapeutic agents used to treat acute leukemias, including cytarabine, daunorubicin, doxorubicin, and methotrexate. While alopecia and radiation recall are well-recognized cutaneous side effects, more recently the term "toxic erythema of chemotherapy" (TEC) has been coined to describe a spectrum of skin findings, ranging from palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia to erythema of major body folds, with erythroderma representing its most severe form. In this retrospective study of 49 patients with acute leukemia, 10 patients were treated with clofarabine alone (40 mg/m2 daily for 5 days) and 40 patients received this dose of clofarabine plus …

Payments For Acute Myocardial Infarction Episodes Of Care By Hospital Interventional Capability, Gal Ben-Josef

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

It is not known whether hospitals with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) capability provide more costly care than hospitals without PCI capability for patients admitted for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The growing number of PCI-capable hospitals and higher rate of PCI use at technologically advanced hospitals may result in higher costs for episodes of care initiated at PCI hospitals. However, higher rates of transfers and post-acute care procedures may result in higher costs for episodes of care initiated at non-PCI hospitals.

We identified all AMI admissions in 2008 among Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries and classified hospitals as PCI- or non-PCI-capable based on …

Program Factors Associated With Influencing Generalist Career Plans Among Primary Care Im Residents, Olatunde Ibukunoluwa Bosu

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

The combination of a rapidly aging US population with the recent implementation of the Affordable Care Act has prompted a dramatic rise in health care demand for primary care services, most notably for general internal medicine physicians. This demand, however, coincides with a progressive decline in interest toward general internal medicine (GIM) careers with a notable disinterest among Primary Care Internal Medicine (PCIM) residents, whose selection of the PCIM residency is seemingly suggestive of a strong interest in GIM. The reasons for this discrepancy have been examined in prior surveys, citing perceptions of diminished lifestyle control, low prestige, and of …