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Molecular Mechanisms Of Aging And Alzheimer’S Disease, Shannon Noble Leslie Oct 2021

Molecular Mechanisms Of Aging And Alzheimer’S Disease, Shannon Noble Leslie

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a major public health crisis. AD is a progressive neurodegenerative disease and is the leading cause of dementia worldwide. Currently, there are no disease-modifying drugs available for the treatment of AD. Although autosomal dominant genetic forms of the disease are very rare, they are the foundation for many models of study; in part, because the etiology of the far more common, sporadic AD, remains unknown. While the cause of most AD cases is undetermined, age is a well-known, significant risk factor. The work presented in this thesis relies on studies of non-genetically modified aging rodents and …

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Synaptic Density Imaging With Sv2a Using Positron Emission Tomography: Optimization Of Reference Region Analysis And Applications In The Human Spinal Cord And The Developing Nonhuman Primate Brain, Samantha Rossano Oct 2021

Synaptic Density Imaging With Sv2a Using Positron Emission Tomography: Optimization Of Reference Region Analysis And Applications In The Human Spinal Cord And The Developing Nonhuman Primate Brain, Samantha Rossano

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Positron emission tomography (PET) is a functional imaging modality in which radioactive ligands are used to target physiological functions, including metabolism or receptor densities, in vivo. Once administered into a subject, the PET radioligand distributes throughout the body and undergoes radioactive decay, emitting two gamma rays 180 degree from each other. These gamma rays are detected by the PET camera as coincidence events, and the PET raw data are reconstructed into 4-dimenstional images (x, y, z, t). Dynamic PET images can be quantified by applying various kinetic models to radioactivity concentrations in a volume or region of interest (ROI) over …

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Deconvolution: From Transcriptomics To Immunomics, Daiwei Tang Oct 2021

Deconvolution: From Transcriptomics To Immunomics, Daiwei Tang

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

The developments of sequencing technologies in the past two decades have enabled exciting findings and rapid accumulations of many kinds of -omics data. Each type of -omics data is designated to measure a specific characteristic of the biological systems, e.g. DNA-sequencing for mutations and RNA-sequencing for gene expression. With proper statistical and computational methods, these data can be integrated to answer new questions. This data reproposing is possible because the target signals are already encoded in the data and require proper tools to decode. In this regard, these methods are often called ``deconvolution" methods. In this dissertation, I will present …

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Neurodevelopmental Impacts Of Prenatal Exposures To Per- And Poly-Fluoroalkyl Substances; Multiple Outcome Assessments In Childhood Age 5 To 11 Years, Jiajun Luo Oct 2021

Neurodevelopmental Impacts Of Prenatal Exposures To Per- And Poly-Fluoroalkyl Substances; Multiple Outcome Assessments In Childhood Age 5 To 11 Years, Jiajun Luo

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are synthetic fluorine-containing chemicals that are widely used in a variety of industrial and commercial applications. Several PFAS compounds were reported to be ubiquitously detected in blood samples collected from the general population since the 1990s. Concerns are raised that PFAS exposure among pregnant women could affect offspring neurodevelopment, mainly because of two reasons: a) PFAS can transfer across the placenta during early gestation making them a direct threat to fetal brain development, and b) PFAS can interfere with maternal endocrine homeostasis during pregnancy which has been suggested to play a crucial role on offspring …

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Novel Functions For Large Noncoding Nucleic Acids In Bacteria, Danielle Widner Oct 2021

Novel Functions For Large Noncoding Nucleic Acids In Bacteria, Danielle Widner

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Due to the compact nature of bacterial genomes, large, highly structured noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are rare, yet when present these large ncRNAs perform sophisticated biochemical functions, often as ribozymes. Even rarer are DNAs that adapt complex single-stranded structures, as natural opportunities for such structures to form and evolve are limited. Presented in this thesis is research on one large ncRNA and three highly structured, single-stranded DNAs (ssDNAs) that expands our knowledge of the functional capabilities of structured nucleic acids. OLE (Ornate, Large, Extremophilic) RNA is among the largest and most widespread ncRNAs in bacteria without an ascribed biochemical function. The …

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Viral Subjects: Stigma, Civil Society Activism, And The Making Of Hiv/Aids In Lebanon, Elizabeth Berk Oct 2021

Viral Subjects: Stigma, Civil Society Activism, And The Making Of Hiv/Aids In Lebanon, Elizabeth Berk

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

This dissertation examines HIV/AIDS in Lebanon. It asks how people living with this illness do so in light of civil society activism to overcome social stigma associated with HIV/AIDS and related issues. The first full-length ethnographic study of HIV/AIDS in the Middle East region, research for this project was conducted at various periods throughout 2015-2018 at civil society organizations, among physicians, and among people living with HIV. This dissertation employs the research techniques of semi-structured interviews, participant observation, and media analysis. It argues, overall, that the subjectivities of those living with, treating, and advocating for HIV/AIDS cannot be understood without …

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Latent Space Construction For Analyzing Large Genomic Data Sets, Wenlan N/A Zang Oct 2021

Latent Space Construction For Analyzing Large Genomic Data Sets, Wenlan N/A Zang

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

This dissertation presents a new framework for extracting signal from high-dimensional data using a latent-space construction with applications in genomic data sets. This construction follows the standard approach of considering the rank of a matrix containing useful information (signal) with the addition of noise. While the rank estimation usually depends on ill-posed methods that may result in an overabundance of noise or an under-abundance of signal, our approach provides accurate and robust estimates of the detectable signal, including distributional bounds for the magnitude of signal required for it to be detectable in the presence of noise. Along with the proposed …

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Next Generation Phenotyping In Clinical Trial Based On Real-World Data, Guannan Gong Oct 2021

Next Generation Phenotyping In Clinical Trial Based On Real-World Data, Guannan Gong

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Real-world data (RWD) or information generated outside of a traditional clinical trial, including electronic health records (EHRs), insurance claims and billing activity, product and disease registries, medical devices used in the home, and applications (apps) on mobile devices, provide a key analyte that can be used to advance biomedical investigation and drive discovery. While RWD can have significant value, analysis of these data has limitations and often requires new analytic approaches. One of the key areas in utilizing RWD is identifying patients with certain characteristics of interest through a process known as digital phenotyping. Although great benefits and potentials, identifying …

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Cross-Kingdom Expression Of Synthetic Genetic Elements Promotes The Discovery Of A New Class Of Nucleotide Analogs From The Human Microbiome, Jaymin Patel Oct 2021

Cross-Kingdom Expression Of Synthetic Genetic Elements Promotes The Discovery Of A New Class Of Nucleotide Analogs From The Human Microbiome, Jaymin Patel

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

The ability to mobilize functional genetic cargo into a versatile array of hosts is a defining challenge, as scientists increasingly reprogram diverse organisms as living therapeutics, for bioremediation, and as foundries for producing materials and molecules. However porting genetic material to diverse recipients is challenged by barriers to robust expression and mobilization. To address these challenges, we have developed an approach that integrates computer aided redesign of genetic sequences that are subsequently mobilized, expressed, and characterized cross-kingdom in diverse microbial hosts, including Gram negative and positive bacteria and yeast. Using the technology developed in this thesis, we were able to …

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Rational Design And Self-Assembly Studies Of Mixed-Graft Block Copolymers, An Le Oct 2021

Rational Design And Self-Assembly Studies Of Mixed-Graft Block Copolymers, An Le

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

The self-assembly of block copolymers (BCPs) represents a promising route to the bottom-up fabrication of nanostructured materials, which have potential applications in areas including microelectronics, separations, photonics, and energy storage. The versatility of BCPs in various applications draws on their highly tunable bulk properties, and their high performance relies on the nanostructures having precisely defined size, morphology, orientation, and molecular functionality. Control over BCP nanostructure and bulk properties can be exercised through judicious control of various aspects of molecular structures, such as molecular weight, chemical composition, stereochemistry, and chain architecture or topology. This thesis focuses on control of polymer properties …

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Directed Assembly Of Anisotropic Inorganic Nanomaterials Using Self-Assembled Soft Mesophases, Uri Roei Gabinet Oct 2021

Directed Assembly Of Anisotropic Inorganic Nanomaterials Using Self-Assembled Soft Mesophases, Uri Roei Gabinet

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Anisotropic nanomaterials have propelled new technologies and materials in diverse fields ranging from electronics and photonics to catalysis and biomedicine. While initially nanomaterials’ utilization in application focused on their unique properties which are a direct result of their confinement to the nanoscale, such as size-dependent fluorescence or bandgap, more recently, additional properties and enhanced functionality are sought after by controlling the spatial organization and orientation of nanomaterials. Such advanced functionality can be enabled by controlling the juxtaposition of nanomaterials, eliciting an array-geometry-dependent effect from multiple individual nanostructures collectively interacting with one another, as is evident in plasmonic metamaterials. Another possibility …

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Axonal Spheroids And Conduction Defects In Alzheimer’S Disease: Mechanisms And Therapeutic Implications, Mengyang Zhang Oct 2021

Axonal Spheroids And Conduction Defects In Alzheimer’S Disease: Mechanisms And Therapeutic Implications, Mengyang Zhang

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by widespread disruption in neural connectivity. One of the major pathological hallmarks of AD is the extracellular deposition of the β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide, which is thought to trigger a cascade of events, eventually leading to cognitive decline. However, the precise mechanisms linking Aβ deposition and neural network disruption are not well understood. Extensive previous work has focused on mechanisms such as cell death and synapse loss as potential substrates for neural dysfunction. However, a significant but understudied pathology in AD is the markedly enlarged neuronal processes found around Aβ deposits, here termed …

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The Embryology And Evolutionary Biology Of The Tetrapod Limb Musculature, Daniel Smith Paredes Oct 2021

The Embryology And Evolutionary Biology Of The Tetrapod Limb Musculature, Daniel Smith Paredes

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Tetrapods came out of water in great part thanks to the evolution of fins into limbs. This transition greatly modified the skeletal structure of fins but also its muscular anatomy. Land vertebrates exhibit a wide range of morphologies and lifestyles, enabled in many cases by their different limb morphologies. Different as they might be, a wing of a bird and a flipper of a whale are composed of the same bones, and the same muscles, but while we have a more achieved understanding of the homologies of the skeletal elements, the evolutionary identities and relationships between muscles of the limb …

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Cell Biology Of Axon Degeneration And Regeneration In Vivo, Chen Ding Oct 2021

Cell Biology Of Axon Degeneration And Regeneration In Vivo, Chen Ding

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Axons are fundamental connective units that mediate information flow in nervous systems. Axon degeneration breaks neural circuits and is a hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases. Axon regeneration has the potential to repair damaged circuits. Here I investigate the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying both axon degeneration and regeneration in C. elegans in vivo. In the first part of the dissertation, I examine a specific type of axon degeneration that is caused by mitochondria defects. I describe a novel calsyntenin-CaMKII-Sarm1-MAPK pathway involved in this type of axon degeneration. I further demonstrate that by modulating this signaling pathway, degeneration can be dramatically delayed. …

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Identification Of Signaling Mechanisms Controlling The Development Of Organ-Specific Vascular Networks, Jinyu Li Oct 2021

Identification Of Signaling Mechanisms Controlling The Development Of Organ-Specific Vascular Networks, Jinyu Li

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Blood vessels form highly branched networks that extend throughout the entire body. Endothelial cells forming the inner lining of blood vessels are responsible for vascular growth and physiological function, in that they control the exchange of gases, nutrients and immune cells between blood and tissues and respond to injury by mounting an appropriate repair response. While considered a homogenous cell population, endothelial cells display heterogeneity in structure and function and in health and disease. This structural and functional variability enables endothelial cells to adapt to their microenvironment and perform different roles in each organ. Various organotypic vascular beds have been …

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Binary Logic: Race, Expertise, And The Persistence Of Uncertainty In American Sex Research, Beans Velocci Oct 2021

Binary Logic: Race, Expertise, And The Persistence Of Uncertainty In American Sex Research, Beans Velocci

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Between the mid-nineteenth and mid-twentieth centuries, American researchers tried to sort the living world by sex. Their efforts created more taxonomic problems than they solved, but as they encountered vast quantities of evidence that did not at all show an obvious or stable division between male and female bodies, they used sexual uncertainty to their professional and ideological advantage. This dissertation traces a network of scientists who built their own claims to expertise, as well as theories of racial hierarchy rooted in sexual difference, out of sexually unruly bodies. While much scholarship on the history of sex science describes the …

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Piwi-Mediated Control Of Tissue-Specific Transposons Is Essential For Somatic Cell Differentiation, Danyan Li Oct 2021

Piwi-Mediated Control Of Tissue-Specific Transposons Is Essential For Somatic Cell Differentiation, Danyan Li

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

All eukaryote genomes lie under the constant threat of transposon invasion. About 45% of the human genome is derived from transposon elements. Although the vast majority of these transposons are inactive, they still lead to a mutagenesis rate of around 1 new insertion per 20 births. Multiple mechanisms have been evolved to silence transposons, among them is the PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA) pathway. piRNAs rely strictly on PIWI proteins for their biogenesis and function, which includes target RNA cleavage and chromatin state alterations. PIWI and piRNAs are most well known for their transposon repression function in the germline, where PIWI depletion …

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Rhodium-Catalyzed C–H Activation For The Synthesis, Elaboration, And Application Of N-Heterocyclic Compounds, Danielle Confair Oct 2021

Rhodium-Catalyzed C–H Activation For The Synthesis, Elaboration, And Application Of N-Heterocyclic Compounds, Danielle Confair

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Nitrogen heterocycles are present in almost two-thirds of U.S. FDA approved pharmaceuticals, garnering interest in efficient ways to construct and functionalize these valuable scaffolds. The first two chapters of this dissertation will discuss the development of transition metal-catalyzed C–H activation methodology for the branched alkylation of benzimidazoles and the synthesis of [1,3,5]triazinones, respectively. The third chapter provides a review of N-heterocyclesynthesis from a 1,2-dihydropyridine intermediate, and the final chapter depicts the application of one of these methods in a new approach for small molecule ligand discovery via virtual library-guided synthesis. Chapter 1 describes a Rh(I)/bisphosphine/K3PO4 catalytic system allowing for the …

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Mutations In Α And Β Subunits Of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels In Neuropathic Pain: Functional Assessment In Rodent And Human Ipsc-Derived Sensory Neurons, Matthew Alsaloum Oct 2021

Mutations In Α And Β Subunits Of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels In Neuropathic Pain: Functional Assessment In Rodent And Human Ipsc-Derived Sensory Neurons, Matthew Alsaloum

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Voltage-gated sodium (NaV) channels are key mediators of excitability in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, the primary afferents responsible for transmitting pain signals into the central nervous system. NaV channels are found as heterotrimeric complexes in humans, comprised of one pore-forming α-subunit and two non-ion conducting β-subunits. Gain-of-function mutations in NaV1.7, NaV1.8, and NaV1.9, the NaV channels preferentially expressed in the peripheral nervous system, confer hyperexcitability to DRG neurons and have been linked to the development of neuropathic pain. In this dissertation, I utilize dynamic clamp electrophysiology to precisely quantify the contribution of NaV1.8 and NaV1.9 to neuronal excitability. Furthermore, …

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Fabrication Of Nanoporous Polymer Films From Self-Assembling Liquid Crystalline Mesogens, Omar Q. Imran Oct 2021

Fabrication Of Nanoporous Polymer Films From Self-Assembling Liquid Crystalline Mesogens, Omar Q. Imran

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Self-assembled liquid crystalline mesophases are attractive material platforms for various current and emerging applications. These materials provide nearly mono-disperse, periodic geometric features such as cylinders, lamellae and spheres of sizes as small as 1-2 nanometers. The preparation of thin films of such nanostructures is a critical step in a diverse array of applications ranging from photonics to separation science. In particular, advances in thin-film fabrication methods are sought to harness the emerging potential of self-assembled liquid-crystalline materials as next-generation membranes. In the first part of this work, we show that nanometer-scale control over the thickness of self-assembled mesophases can be …

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Multiscale Regulation Of Lipid Metabolism By Cytokine Signaling In B Lymphocytes, Holly R. Steach Oct 2021

Multiscale Regulation Of Lipid Metabolism By Cytokine Signaling In B Lymphocytes, Holly R. Steach

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

At the onset of an immune response lymphocytes receive activating signals in the form of antigen receptor ligation, co-stimulation, and cytokines that drive cellular growth, proliferation, and differentiation. This activation involves a transition from quiescence and catabolic metabolism to a metabolic state with noted similarities to that of cancer cells such as heavy reliance on aerobic glycolysis for energy demands and increased nutrient requirements for biomass accumulation and division. Specific nutrient requirements may be met either by synthesis from metabolite precursors, or by uptake from the extracellular environment. However, much like the intratumoral environment, dense proliferation of cells in lymphatic …

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Interplay Between Oxidative Stress, Pax6 And The Immune Response In The Developing Eye, Brian S. Thompson Oct 2021

Interplay Between Oxidative Stress, Pax6 And The Immune Response In The Developing Eye, Brian S. Thompson

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Eye development and lens morphogenesis are complex processes that are carefully orchestrated by a multitude of factors including extracellular signals, local activators and signal-regulated DNA-binding transcription factors. Any perturbation to these factors can impair eye development and lens morphogenesis and result in a range of structural abnormalities of the lens (and other ocular structures) and a spectrum of human disease ranging from the complete absence of the eye (anophthalmia), reduced eye size (microphthalmia) or optic fissure closure defect (coloboma). Oxidative stress, an imbalance between oxidants (e.g., reactive oxygen species (ROS)) and antioxidants (e.g., glutathione) in favor of the oxidants, may …

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The Development And Study Of Enantioselective Peptide-Catalyzed Halogenation And Oxidation Reactions, Elizabeth A. Stone Oct 2021

The Development And Study Of Enantioselective Peptide-Catalyzed Halogenation And Oxidation Reactions, Elizabeth A. Stone

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Inspired by nature’s nonpareil catalysts, enzymes, our lab designs small peptides to catalyze selective transformations. This dissertation describes the catalytic prowess of peptides bearing β-dimethylaminoalanine (Dmaa) or aspartic acid (Asp) to mediate halogenation and oxidation reactions, respectively. The development of novel reactions goes hand in hand with understanding mechanistic nuances of known transformations. Herein, we focus on this synergy as we develop tools to better understand structure-activity relations and implications of reported peptide-catalyzed reactions and apply these lessons to uncover novel reactivity. In particular, we explore the ramifications of subtle structural changes to the substrate and catalyst motifs as well …

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Investigating Human Neutrophil Development And Functionality In A Humanized Mouse Model, Yunjiang Zheng Oct 2021

Investigating Human Neutrophil Development And Functionality In A Humanized Mouse Model, Yunjiang Zheng

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Mice with a functional human immune system serve as an invaluable tool to study the development and function of human immune system in vivo. A major technological limitation of all current humanized mouse models is the lack of mature and functional human neutrophils in circulation and tissues. To overcome this, we generated a humanized mouse model named MISTRGGR, in which the mouse granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) was replaced with human G-CSF and the mouse G-CSF receptor gene was deleted (G-CSFR) in existing MISTRG mice. By targeting the GCSF cytokine-receptor axis, we dramatically improved the reconstitution of mature circulating and …

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Engineering The Genetic Code And The Ribosome To Expand The Chemical Palette Of Living Systems, Felix Radford Oct 2021

Engineering The Genetic Code And The Ribosome To Expand The Chemical Palette Of Living Systems, Felix Radford

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

There has been significant progress in the field of synthetic biology to develop modular tools with which to achieve greater ability to probe, manipulate and predict biological phenomena. Genetic code expansion aims to engineer genomes and the translation apparatus to enable site-specific incorporation of nonstandard amino acids (nsAAs) into proteins. However, the ability of living systems to incorporate multiple instances of nsAAs or even abiological monomers that are not L-α-amino acids into biopolymers is severely limited. Improved aminoacyl tRNA synthetase (aaRS) and tRNA pairs that are orthogonal to the native translation system, and new genomically recoded organisms (GROs) with open …

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Quantitative Super-Resolution Microscopy, Andrew Barentine Oct 2021

Quantitative Super-Resolution Microscopy, Andrew Barentine

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

The diffraction limit fundamentally restricts the achievable resolution of conventional microscopes, however it can be circumvented if only a subset of fluorophores within a given diffraction-limited volume are simultaneously emitting. Such super-resolution methods routinely achieve tens of nanometer resolution in whole (if not living) cells. However, being relatively young, these techniques still struggle with providing robust, quantitative, and statistically powerful data in a routine manner. Accurate quantification of subcellular features requires an estimate of the achieved spatial resolution, but traditional methods of measuring it do not cope well with these techniques. Effects subject to biological variability additionally require increased population …

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Onward: An Ethnography Of Latina Migrant Motherhood During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Jessica P. Cerdeña Oct 2021

Onward: An Ethnography Of Latina Migrant Motherhood During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Jessica P. Cerdeña

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

This dissertation evaluates the experience of Latina migrant mothers living in New Haven, Connecticut amid the COVID-19 pandemic. I ask: How do Latin American migrant women accommodate traumatic histories and motherhood amid a global public health and economic crisis? This ethnography demonstrates the powerful ways women cope with histories of trauma and ongoing structural adversity. Using the metaphor of the monarch butterfly, I consider processes of migration from Latin America and adjustment to life in the U.S., motherhood including the sacrifices women make for the betterment of their children, and metamorphosis, or transformations in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and …

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The Nature Of Cofilin’S Severing Mechanism, Ethan Lester Sep 2021

The Nature Of Cofilin’S Severing Mechanism, Ethan Lester

The Yale Undergraduate Research Journal

Cofilin plays an essential role in regulating actin filament propagation through the cytoplasmic medium. Over the years, various studies have been conducted in an attempt to better understand the complex mechanism by which cofilin promotes filament severing and de-polymerization. Here, we have compiled information obtained from these studies in order to craft a more complete and succinct description of cofilin functionality. In particular, we review the precise structural and mechanical changes associated with cofilin-binding, and the subtle ways in which some of these structural changes may be interconnected.

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Metabolic Control Of Stem Cell Ageing And Longevity Through Caloric Restriction, Valerie Navarrete Sep 2021

Metabolic Control Of Stem Cell Ageing And Longevity Through Caloric Restriction, Valerie Navarrete

The Yale Undergraduate Research Journal

While prior studies have identified recurring genetic patterns, gaps of knowledge still remain in existing aging mechanisms; where they originate, and how they offer insight to environmental disruptions that dictate health over time. Given the inescapability of age-related deterioration and pathology, stitching together current literature may help demystify the biological process common to all living mammals. The physiological disruption of aged tissue reflects a cellular dependence on environmental cues and historical wear. Retaining the capacity to differentiate into any cell type, a stem cell best parallels a call-and-response relationship between organ and cell. As the longest living proliferative cell in …

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Examining The Viability Of Computational Psychiatry: Approaches Into The Future, Mitchell Ostrow Sep 2021

Examining The Viability Of Computational Psychiatry: Approaches Into The Future, Mitchell Ostrow

The Yale Undergraduate Research Journal

As modern medicine becomes increasingly personalized, psychiatry lags behind, using poorly-understood drugs and therapies to treat mental disorders. With the advent of methods that capture large quantities of data, such as genome-wide analyses or fMRI, machine learning (ML) approaches have become prominent in neuroscience. This is promising for studying the brain’s function, but perhaps more importantly, these techniques can potentially predict the onset of disorder and treatment response. Experimental approaches that use naive machine learning algorithms have dominated research in computational psychiatry over the past decade. In a critical review and analysis, I argue that biologically realistic approaches will be …

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