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Mission Dilemmas: Bride Price, Minor Marriage, Concubinage, Infanticide, And Education Of Women, Jessie G. Lutz

Yale Divinity Library Occasional Publications

No abstract provided.

Human Population And Freshwater Resources: U.S. Cases And International Perspectives, Karin M. Krchnak, Victoria Dompka Markham, Nancy Thorne

Yale School of the Environment Bulletin Series

No abstract provided.

A Comparison Of The Rate Of Arteriosclerosis In Patients With The Marfan Syndrome And The General Population, Biren P. Modi

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

The Antarctic Circumpolar Current As A Free Equivalent-Barotropic Jet, Peter D. Killworth, Chris W. Hughes

Journal of Marine Research

Following the observation of Killworth that the time-mean velocity in FRAM was self-similar in the vertical, several papers have developed circulation theories of the Southern Ocean assuming such a structure. This paper seeks to create a consistent equivalent-barotropic solution for flow in part of the Southern Ocean, based on an expansion in which the northward variation of Coriolis parameter f is, in a sense, fairly weak. Such a solution only holds in regions of closed contours of a certain characteristic function of f and depth H (the equivalent-barotropic version of f/H, wherein the dependence on H is …

The Transport In The Ekman Surface Layer On The Spherical Earth, Nathan Paldor

Journal of Marine Research

The modification of the transport in the Ekman layer on the f-plane due to the Coriolis parameter's variation with latitude and the curvature of Earth's surface is analyzed by considering the temporal changes in the angular momentum. The latter plays the role of a dynamical variable of the model, replacing the zonal velocity component, and drag is modeled by Rayleigh friction. The steady transport, which on an f-plane is perpendicular to the applied wind stress, is recovered on the Earth as a special solution where the meridional velocity is time-independent. For zonal wind stress, the trajectory on Earth …

Internal Wave Band Eddy Fluxes Above A Continental Slope, Johannes R. Gemmrich, Hans Van Haren

Journal of Marine Research

Three weeks of velocity and temperature measurements from the bottom 45 m above the continental slope in the Bay of Biscay are used to evaluate the role of the internal wave band in boundary mixing near a sloping bottom. Utilizing acoustic Doppler current profilers and thermistor strings, internal wave band eddy fluxes of momentum and heat are estimated. The instrumentation is specifically designed to resolve internal wave band processes. Due to unresolved Doppler shifting, this wave band may include turbulence as well as internal waves. A very energetic and highly variable near-bottom environment is found. Periods of mixing and restratification …

A Note On Evanescent Behavior Of Arctic Thermohaline Intrusions, David Walsh, Eddy Carmack

Journal of Marine Research

Temperature/salinity interleaving is a signature of thermohaline transition in the Arctic Ocean. These interleaving features, or "intrusions," are observed to decrease in amplitude as they spread laterally from warmer toward cooler water. Here this phenomenon is investigated by considering the effect of a nonlinear equation of state on intrusion structure and behavior. The analysis shows that large-scale gradients of the thermal expansion coefficient (α) can induce a spatial decay of intrusion temperature, salinity, and velocity amplitudes toward cooler water. Spatial decay implies a recirculating flow between adjacent layers, which induces a slow vertical propagation of the intrusions. The temperature-dependence of …

Hourly Variations In Planktonic Larval Concentrations On The Inner Shelf: Emerging Patterns And Processes, Elizabeth D. Garland, Cheryl Ann Zimmer

Journal of Marine Research

Planktonic larvae are unlikely to be randomly distributed over time or in space. Fluctuations in larval density may result from a variety of physical and biological processes. To identify relatively high-frequency patterns of larval variation for an inner-shelf environment, zooplankton were sampled hourly for 3 d using an automated plankton pump. Moored ~80 cm above bottom, the pump was located in 8 m of water on the Outer Banks of North Carolina. Densities of all larval groups were highly variable: 5-746 m^-3 for barnacle cyprids, 0-668 m^-3 for polychaetes, 0-516 m^-3 for bivalves, 6-414 m^-3 for …

Downward Particle  Fluxes And Sediment Accumulation Rates In The Western Bransfield Strait: Implications Of Lateral Transport For Carbon Cycle Studies In Antarctic Marginal Seas, Albert Palanques, Enrique Isla, Pere Masqué, Pere Puig, Joan-Albert Sánchez-Cabeza, Josep M. Gili, Jorge Guillén

Journal of Marine Research

Downward particle and carbon fluxes were studied along with sediment and carbon accumulation fluxes in the western Bransfield Strait. Particle fluxes at 1000 m depth indicate that most of the carbon accumulated in the seabed at the study site is transported laterally. Biogenic components of the near-bottom particle fluxes included well-preserved organic matter with benthic diatoms, amphipoda and polychaetes that were resuspended and/or winnowed in shallow environments and transported basinward. High near-bottom particle and carbon fluxes were in agreement with high sediment and carbon accumulation fluxes. About 12% of the near-bottom OC downward flux is buried below the SML in …

Linear Planetary Wave Dynamics In A 2.5-Layer Ventilated Thermocline Model, Atsushi Kubokawa, Maki Nagakura

Journal of Marine Research

Linear planetary wave dynamics in a 2.5-layer ventilated thermocline model is investigated by a local eigenvalue analysis and simple numerical computations. It is known that there are two types of waves in this system; we refer to one of them as the N-mode (Non-Doppler shift mode), which propagates almost westward, and the other as the A-mode (Advection mode), which propagates almost along the second layer basic current. First, we study the local longwave dynamics, assuming that the wavelength is much longer than the deformation radius and shorter than the gyre scale. It is shown that the N-mode …

On The Relative Importance Of The Remote And Local Wind Effects On The Subtidal Exchange At The Entrance To The Chesapeake Bay, Kuo-Chuin Wong, Arnoldo Valle-Levinson

Journal of Marine Research

Water velocity data from acoustic Doppler current profilers and electromagnetic current meters deployed at six separate locations across the entrance of the Chesapeake Bay from mid-April to early July of 1999 and from early September to mid-November of 1999 were used in conjunction with wind velocity and sea level records to describe the characteristics of the wind-induced subtidal volume exchange between the bay and the adjacent continental shelf. The current measurements were used to estimate volume fluxes associated with the local and remote wind-induced bay-shelf exchange over time scales of 2–3 days. The results show that at these relatively short …

On The Dispersion Of Pairs Of Internal Inertial Gravity Waves, S. A. Thorpe

Journal of Marine Research

The inclination of the group velocity vector to the horizontal, β, of internal inertial gravity waves propagating in a deep uniformly stratified fluid varies with wave frequency. Group velocity also depends on wavenumber. As a consequence, packets of waves with finite frequency and wavenumber bandwidths generated by intermittent processes at the sea surface or ocean floor will usually disperse. Waves may, however, interact with one-another to suppress or entirely remove such dispersion, resulting in packets or groups of waves which retain structure during propagation. Here conditions are sought in which dispersion is entirely suppressed by the interactions between waves composing …

On Turbulence And Normal Modes In A Basin, J. H. Lacasce

Journal of Marine Research

The problem of forced, geostrophic turbulence in a basin is revisited. The primary focus is the time dependent field, which is shown to be approximately isotropic (in contrast to the strongly zonally anisotropic fields seen in periodic domains). It is also approximately homogeneous, away from the boundaries. Phenomenological arguments suggest the isotropy occurs because the inverse cascade of energy is arrested by basin normal modes rather than by free Rossby waves. Peaks in the velocity spectra at modal frequencies are consistent with basin modes, as has been noted previously. We discuss which modes would be excited and whether dissipation or …

Potential Vorticity “Crises”, Adverse Pressure Gradients, And Western Boundary Current Separation, Andrew E. Kiss

Journal of Marine Research

The vorticity dynamics involved in western boundary current separation are investigated in a depth-averaged barotropic single-gyre circulation forced by a spatially uniform wind stress curl in a circular basin on a beta-plane. The mechanism of separation is of interest in this simple model because it lacks most of the features (such as a change in sign of the wind stress curl, collision with another western boundary current, outcropping of isopycnals or an abrupt change in bottom topography or boundary shape) often associated with boundary current separation. It has been suggested that a "crisis" due to insufficient recovery of potential vorticity …

Tidal Motion Enhancement Around Islands, Zygmunt Kowalik, Aleksey V. Marchenko

Journal of Marine Research

Tidally-generated, trapped motions can significantly enhance and modify sea level and currents in the island proximity. The analytical solution for incident waves interacting with a cylindrical island with a circular sill has been constructed to investigate this phenomenon. To derive solutions for the scattering problems simple Sverdrup and Kelvin waves are used as incident waves. The amplification of the signal along the island perimeter has shown to be a function of frequency, relative dimensions of the island and the circular sill surrounding the island, relative sill depth, and the bottom friction. Although the incident diurnal tide may be amplified through …

Intermingling Of Two Pseudocalanus Species On Georges Bank, D. J. Mcgillicuddy Jr., A. Bucklin

Journal of Marine Research

Physical and biological controls on the springtime distributions of Pseudocalanus moultoni and P. newmani on Georges Bank are examined by assimilating observations into a coupled physical-biological model. Monthly snapshots of abundance are derived from U.S. GLOBEC Georges Bank broad-scale surveys during 1997. The forward problem is posed as an advection-diffusion-reaction equation for the copepod concentration. The adjoint method of data assimilation is used to invert for the biological sources and sinks implied by the observed changes in abundance between surveys and the flow during the intervening period. Based on this analysis, the two species appear to have distinct population centers …

Fertility In South Dublin A Century Ago: A First Look, Timothy W. Guinnane, Carolyn Moehling, Cormac Ó Gráda

Discussion Papers

No abstract provided.

Nota Bene; Volume Xv, Number Iii, Yale University Library

Nota Bene

Nota Bene is published during the academic year to acquaint the Yale community and others with the resources of the Yale Library.

Yale Nursing Matters Fall 2001 / Winter 2002 Volume 3 Issue 1, Yale University School Of Nursing

Yale School of Nursing Alumni Newsletters and Magazines

Please contact the Medical Historical Library if you need a higher resolution version.

Yale Medicine : Alumni Bulletin Of The School Of Medicine, Autumn 2001- Summer 2002, Yale University. School Of Medicine

Yale Medicine Magazine - alumni bulletin and magazine

This volume contains Yale medicine: alumni bulletin of the School of Medicine, v.36 (Autumn 2001-Summer 2002). Prepared in cooperation with the alumni and development offices at the School of Medicine. Earlier volumes are called Yale School of Medicine alumni bulletins, dating from v.1 (1953) through v.13 (1965).

Digitized with funding from the Arcadia fund, 2017.

Value And Politics, John E. Roemer

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

A brief, historical review of the study of the interdependency between politics and economic distribution is offered. While the impact of economic interests on politics has been acknowledged for thousands of years, and the impact of politics on distribution for hundreds, it is only in the last thirty years that formal models of the interdependency between economic distribution and politics have been formulated. A general model of political-economic equilibrium is proposed, in which political competition and economic distribution jointly determine each other. Several examples are given. The author proposes that political economy, conceived of as studying this process of joint …

The Progress Of Computing, William D. Nordhaus

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

The present study analyzes computer performance over the last century and a half. Three results stand out. First, there has been a phenomenal increase in computer power over the twentieth century. Performance in constant dollars or in terms of labor units has improved since 1900 by a factor in the order of 1 trillion to 5 trillion, which represent compound growth rates of over 30 percent per year for a century. Second, there were relatively small improvements in efficiency (perhaps a factor of ten) in the century before World War II. Around World War II, however, there was a substantial …

On The Evolution Of Overconfidence And Entrepreneurs, Antonio E. Bernardo, Ivo Welch

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

This paper explains why seemingly irrational overconfident behavior can persist. Information aggregation is poor in groups in which most individuals herd. By ignoring the herd, the actions of overconfident individuals (“entrepreneurs”) convey their private information. However, entrepreneurs make mistakes and thus die more frequently. The socially optimal proportion of entrepreneurs trades off the positive information externality against high attrition rates of entrepreneurs, and depends on the size of the group, on the degree of overconfidence, and on the accuracy of individuals’ private information. The stationary distribution trades off the fitness of the group against the fitness of overconfident individuals.

Icam-1 Transmembrane Signaling: Involvement Of Taxreb107 In Icam-1-Mediated Signal Transduction, Brian Lee

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

The role of membrane ICAM-1 in intercellular adhesion, through interaction with the leukocyte beta2 integrin receptors LFA-1 and Mac-1, is well established. However, until recently, ICAM-1 was widely regarded as being simply an "anchor" molecule, promoting, for example, firm adhesion of lymphocytes to vascular endothelial cells. The demonstration that ICAM-1 is connected to the actin-based cytoskeleton through interactions with subcortical actin-binding proteins, such as alpha-actinin, enhanced this concept. However, ICAM-1 has been increasingly shown to have signaling properties of its own. Engagement of ICAM-1 extracellularly, either through its natural counter-receptors, LFA-1/Mac-1, or through antibody mediated clustering, can produce numerous changes …

The Fertility Transition In Bavaria, John C. Brown, Timothy W. Guinnane

Discussion Papers

No abstract provided.

Post-Glacial Fossils From Long Island Sound Off West Haven, Connecticut, Karl M. Waage, Copeland Macclintock, Leo J. Hickey

Postilla

In 1957, Holocene marine concretions and mud clasts containing post-glacial fossils of marine invertebrates and land plants were dredged from offshore at Prospect Beach, West Haven, Connecticut, as part of a local beach sand-fill project. Indurated, calcareous concretions, dated at 4530 to 5330 BP, yielded a rich fauna, similar to today's, of bivalves (dominated by Argopecten and Anomia), gastropods (dominated by Bittium and Nassarius), and crustaceans, indicating accumulation in a shallow, subtidal environment perhaps 0.3 to 2 m (1 to 6 ft) below mean low water. Megafloral plant remains belonging to eight taxa—including Fagus grandifolia (American beech), two species of …

A Revision Of Parhyalella Kunkel (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Gammaridea), Eric A. Lazo-Wasem, Michael F. Gable

Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History

The genus Parhyalella Kunkel, sensu lato, is revised, based on a review of type material for all previously described species, and on new material….

On The Insensitivity Of The Wind-Driven Circulation To Bottom Topography, David P. Marshall, James C. Stephens

Journal of Marine Research

An analytical model is developed for the wind-driven circulation in a continuously stratified ocean overlying variable bottom topography. In the ocean interior we adopt a linear relation between potential vorticity, density and Montgomery potential, resulting in Welander's solution for an adiabatic internal thermocline. The horizontal structure of the circulation is described by a characteristic equation, obtained by imposing a boundary condition of no-normal flow at the sea floor and a prescribed vertical velocity through the base of the surface Ekman layer. The characteristics, which determine the extent to which bottom topography "steers" the circulation within the upper ocean, are dominated …

Absorbed Mn2+ And Mn Redox Cycling In Iberian Continental Margin Sediments (Northeast Atlantic Ocean), Claar Van Der Zee, Wim Van Raaphorst, Eric Epping

Journal of Marine Research

Although Mn²⁺ sorption has been investigated extensively in the laboratory, the role of Mn²⁺ sorption in natural marine sediments remains speculative. Our objectives were to study (1) the role of Mn²⁺ sorption in the redox cycling of Mn, (2) to quantify Mn cycling and (3) to identify its rate-determining factors at the Iberian margin. Profiles of pore water Mn²⁺, adsorbed Mn²⁺ and solid phase Mn were measured together with benthic oxygen fluxes along three transects across the margin from the shelf to the deep sea as well as in the Nazeré Canyon. In the …

Annual To Interannual Variations Of Ƒco2 In The Northwestern Mediterranean Sea: Results From Hourly Measurements Made By Carioca Buoys, 1995–1997, E. M. Hood, L. Merlivat

Journal of Marine Research

A time series of fCO₂, SST, and fluorescence data was collected between 1995 and 1997 by a CARIOCA buoy moored at the DyFAMed station (Dynamique des Flux Atmospheriques en Mediterranée) located in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea. On seasonal timescales, the spring phytoplankton bloom decreases the surface water fCO₂ to approximately 290 µatm, followed by summer heating and a strong increase in fCO₂ to a maximum of approximately 510 µatm. While the ΔfCO₂ shows strong variations on seasonal timescales, the annual average air-sea disequilibrium is only 2 µatm. Temperature-normalized fCO …