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Transfer Learning For Low-Resource Part-Of-Speech Tagging, Jeffrey Zhou, Neha Verma Aug 2021

Transfer Learning For Low-Resource Part-Of-Speech Tagging, Jeffrey Zhou, Neha Verma

The Yale Undergraduate Research Journal

Neural network approaches to Part-of-Speech tagging, like other supervised neural network tasks, benefit from larger quantities of labeled data. However, in the case of low-resource languages, additional methods are necessary to improve the performances of POS taggers. In this paper, we explore transfer learning approaches to improve POS tagging in Afrikaans using a neural network. We investigate the effect of transferring network weights that were originally trained for POS tagging in Dutch. We also test the use of pretrained word embeddings in our POS tagger, both independently and in conjunction with the transferred weights from a Dutch POS tagger. We …


The Misunderstood Monstrous: An Analysis Of The Word “Monster” In Mary Shelley’S Frankenstein, Caroline Benedetti Aug 2021

The Misunderstood Monstrous: An Analysis Of The Word “Monster” In Mary Shelley’S Frankenstein, Caroline Benedetti

The Yale Undergraduate Research Journal

Although Mary Shelley invented her chimerical creature in Frankenstein over 200 years ago, the Being still thrives within modern horror mythology. Recognizing that filmmakers, authors, and the characters within the original book itself often refer to Victor’s creation as a “monster”, this essay seeks to investigate how the application of this word impacts Shelley’s work. While the Being assumes many monstrous characteristics, from his abnormal body–built from a conglomeration of parts–to his murderous behavior, he often shows a softer side, driven by human desire. However, individuals with whom the Being interacts with repeatedly reduce him to the role of a …


From “Pseudowomen” To The “Third Sex:” Situating Antisemitism And Homophobia In Nazi Germany, Gabriel Klapholz Aug 2021

From “Pseudowomen” To The “Third Sex:” Situating Antisemitism And Homophobia In Nazi Germany, Gabriel Klapholz

The Yale Undergraduate Research Journal

In this article, I examine how Nazi antisemitism and homophobia built upon one another, employing parallel narratives about femininity, foreignness, and threats to the nation state. I explore how early historiography of the Nazi period links the two phenomena as part of a single project, variations on the same theme of Nazi hatred. Ultimately, however, I work to challenge the earlier historiographical narrative and illuminate the ways in which Nazism treated Jews and gays very differently. In order to do so, I examine the two main strands of German sexology at the time, that of Magnus Hirschfeld and that of …


Jewish Ancestral Languages And Communicating The Sephardic Experience: The Judeospanish Of Tela De Sevoya, Julia Kahn Aug 2021

Jewish Ancestral Languages And Communicating The Sephardic Experience: The Judeospanish Of Tela De Sevoya, Julia Kahn

The Yale Undergraduate Research Journal

Judeo-Spanish, the ancestral language of Sephardic Jews, enjoys fewer speakers, literature, and less scholarly attention compared to Yiddish, its counterpart spoken by Ashkenazi Jews. Nonetheless, Judeo-Spanish captures the rich experiences of its speakers through exile, persecution, and perseverance, embodying unique Jewish-Spanish culture and religious practice. It has received fresh recognition in the last two centuries from scholars and Sephardim themselves, and the quincentennial of the 1492 Jewish expulsion from Spain inspired a new Sephardic autobiographical genre, where Sephardic authors grapple with their heritages and language, dimming from assimilation and the Shoa. Myriam Moscona is one such author whose unique descent …


“When Boys Become The Second Sex”: The New Gender Gap Among Chinese Middle School Students, Ruqing Xu Aug 2021

“When Boys Become The Second Sex”: The New Gender Gap Among Chinese Middle School Students, Ruqing Xu

The Yale Undergraduate Research Journal

This paper studies the gender gap in academic achievement using a nationally representative survey of middle school students in China. Chinese girls outperform boys in Mathematics, Chinese, and English by 13.5%, 62.1%, and 61.5% of a standard deviation, respectively, which is one of the largest gender gaps in the world. Using the OLS regression with interactions between gender and family-, teacher-, and school-level variables, I show that girls benefit from having a same-sex teacher in Mathematics and Chinese. For boys, however, the effect of sex congruence with the subject teacher is insignificant in all three subjects. Girls’ resilience in the …


For A New Ethics Of Reading: Analyzing Tea In The Harem’S Reception, Hannah Kwak Aug 2021

For A New Ethics Of Reading: Analyzing Tea In The Harem’S Reception, Hannah Kwak

The Yale Undergraduate Research Journal

This paper examines the extratextual materials that reified the novel/film Tea in the Harem as an archive of knowledge about the beur community. I argue that Tea in the Harem was subjected to what I call an anthropological approach to literature, a reading practice which instrumentalizes and subordinates the text to the historical reality which it is said to represent. Though in many ways entangled with the principles of French republicanism, the reception of Tea in the Harem is symptomatic of a more general phenomenon in which literatures of “the other” are expected to rehabilitate, educate, and civilize the majority …


“But The City Made Us New, And We Made It Ours”: Reflections On Urban Space And Indigeneity In Tommy Orange’S There There, Meghanlata Gupta, Nolan Arkansas Aug 2021

“But The City Made Us New, And We Made It Ours”: Reflections On Urban Space And Indigeneity In Tommy Orange’S There There, Meghanlata Gupta, Nolan Arkansas

The Yale Undergraduate Research Journal

Native American writers in the United States have often used literature to celebrate their communities, defy stereotypes, and share their histories on their own terms. In the past few years, this movement has seen another wave, with artists and scholars engaging in literary storytelling to shed light on Indigenous resistance efforts in the United States. Tommy Orange is no exception, writing about urban Indigenous life in his 2018 novel There There. While There There positions the city as a product of settler colonialism, the book also illustrates the ways in which urban Indigenous peoples subvert colonial mechanisms by celebrating tribal …


What Two Canonical Novels Tell Us About Linguistic Prejudice In United States Courts, Charlotte Van Voorhis Aug 2021

What Two Canonical Novels Tell Us About Linguistic Prejudice In United States Courts, Charlotte Van Voorhis

The Yale Undergraduate Research Journal

In this senior essay, I reflect on how African American English (AAE) is represented and perceived in our society. I establish that it is a regular and systematic variety of English. I investigate two novels, To Kill A Mockingbird and Their Eyes Were Watching God and whether their depictions of AAE accurately reflect its systematicity. I equate inaccurate representation in the novels with the disrespectful treatment of AAE and its speakers in the United States currently. I compare the treatment of AAE in the novels’ trials to its treatment in State of Florida vs. George Zimmerman (2013), in which Rachel …


Deep Learning In Musical Lyric Generation: An Lstm-Based Approach, Harrison Gill, Daniel Lee, Nick Marwell Aug 2021

Deep Learning In Musical Lyric Generation: An Lstm-Based Approach, Harrison Gill, Daniel Lee, Nick Marwell

The Yale Undergraduate Research Journal

This paper explores the capability of deep learning to generate lyrics for a designated musical genre. Previous research in the field of computational linguistics has focused on lyric generation for specific genres, limited to Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) or Gated Recurrent Units (GRU). Instead, we employ a Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) network to produce lyrics for a specific genre given an input sample lyric. In addition, we evaluate our generated lyrics via several linguistic metrics and compare these metrics to those of other genres and to the training set to assess linguistic similarities, differences, and the performance of our …


Covid Corporate Financing Facility (Ccff), Bank Of England/Central Bank Of The United Kingdom Aug 2021

Covid Corporate Financing Facility (Ccff), Bank Of England/Central Bank Of The United Kingdom

Documents

No abstract provided.


Weekly Purchases Of Gilts In The Bank Of England's Asset Purchase Facility Operations (In Sterling Millions), Bank Of England/Central Bank Of The United Kingdom Aug 2021

Weekly Purchases Of Gilts In The Bank Of England's Asset Purchase Facility Operations (In Sterling Millions), Bank Of England/Central Bank Of The United Kingdom

Documents

Select: D. Public sector debt and money markets operations etc. (including reserves) > Bank of England Asset Purchase Facility > Gilts > Weekly purchases - YWWB9T8


Securities Lending Of Holdings Under The Asset Purchase Programme (App) And Pandemic Emergency Purchase Programme (Pepp), European Central Bank (Ecb) Aug 2021

Securities Lending Of Holdings Under The Asset Purchase Programme (App) And Pandemic Emergency Purchase Programme (Pepp), European Central Bank (Ecb)

Documents

General PSPP securities lending framework and securities lending arrangements of the ECB


Bank Of Canada Holdings, Bank Of Canada/Central Bank Of Canada/La Banque Du Canada Aug 2021

Bank Of Canada Holdings, Bank Of Canada/Central Bank Of Canada/La Banque Du Canada

Documents

No abstract provided.


Bank Of England, Public Sector Debt And Money Markets Operations Data, Bank Of England/Central Bank Of The United Kingdom Aug 2021

Bank Of England, Public Sector Debt And Money Markets Operations Data, Bank Of England/Central Bank Of The United Kingdom

Documents

No abstract provided.


Ppplf Transaction-Specific Disclosures - 8/11/21, Federal Reserve System: Board Of Governors Aug 2021

Ppplf Transaction-Specific Disclosures - 8/11/21, Federal Reserve System: Board Of Governors

Documents

No abstract provided.


Periodic Report: Update On Outstanding Lending Facilities Authorized By The Board Under Section 13(3) Of The Federal Reserve Act (August 10, 2021), Federal Reserve System: Board Of Governors Aug 2021

Periodic Report: Update On Outstanding Lending Facilities Authorized By The Board Under Section 13(3) Of The Federal Reserve Act (August 10, 2021), Federal Reserve System: Board Of Governors

Documents

No abstract provided.


Sigtarp About Us Webpage, United States: Office Of The Special Inspector General For The Tarp Aug 2021

Sigtarp About Us Webpage, United States: Office Of The Special Inspector General For The Tarp

Documents

No abstract provided.


The Platinum Rule Meets The Golden Minimum: Inclusive And Efficient Archival Description Of Oral Histories, Weatherly A. Stephan Aug 2021

The Platinum Rule Meets The Golden Minimum: Inclusive And Efficient Archival Description Of Oral Histories, Weatherly A. Stephan

Journal of Contemporary Archival Studies

This article presents an oral history description methodology, rooted in both extensible processing practices as well as cultural humility, that results in efficiently-processed but richly-described oral history interviews. The author explores three key questions. Is there a way to process oral history to the golden minimum? Is there a way to process oral history ethically, with an empathetic approach to narrators and the communities they originate from or discuss? And is there a way to do both at the same time? In addition to the application of this descriptive methodology, the article examines the archives and oral history professional ethics …


Parliament Passes Deposit Insurance And Credit Guarantee Corporation Amendment Bill, Press Trust Of India (Pti) Aug 2021

Parliament Passes Deposit Insurance And Credit Guarantee Corporation Amendment Bill, Press Trust Of India (Pti)

Documents

No abstract provided.


History Of Fannie Mae And Freddie Mac Conservatorships, United States: Federal Housing Finance Agency (Fhfa) Aug 2021

History Of Fannie Mae And Freddie Mac Conservatorships, United States: Federal Housing Finance Agency (Fhfa)

Documents

No abstract provided.


Monthly Report On Programs The Bank Of Israel Is Operating In The Financial Markets In View Of The Coronavirus Crisis - August 5, 2021, Bank Of Israel Aug 2021

Monthly Report On Programs The Bank Of Israel Is Operating In The Financial Markets In View Of The Coronavirus Crisis - August 5, 2021, Bank Of Israel

Documents

No abstract provided.


Curse Of Democracy: Evidence From The 21st Century, Yusuke Narita, Ayumi Sudo Aug 2021

Curse Of Democracy: Evidence From The 21st Century, Yusuke Narita, Ayumi Sudo

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

Democracy is widely believed to contribute to economic growth and public health. However, we find that this conventional wisdom is no longer true and even reversed; democracy has persistent negative impacts on GDP growth since the beginning of this century. This finding emerges from five different instrumental variable strategies. Our analysis suggests that democracies cause slower growth through less investment, less trade, and slower value-added growth in manufacturing and services. For 2020, democracy is also found to cause more deaths from Covid-19.


Greening The Archive: The Social Climate Of Cotton Manufacturing In The "Samuel Oldknow Papers, 1782-1924", Bernadette Myers, Melina Moe Aug 2021

Greening The Archive: The Social Climate Of Cotton Manufacturing In The "Samuel Oldknow Papers, 1782-1924", Bernadette Myers, Melina Moe

Journal of Contemporary Archival Studies

This article re-examines the records and correspondence of Samuel Oldknow, a late eighteenth century textile manufacturer, within the context of the environmental humanities. Oldknow’s papers, a portion of which are held at Columbia University, are most often used by economic historians to date the beginnings of the factory wage labor system. We highlight, instead, the environmental implications of Oldknow’s cotton enterprise by juxtaposing documents related to the global reach of Oldknow’s empire with evidence of his transformation of the local landscape of northern England. This process of re-scaling captures a sense of what we call the “social climate” of the …


The Fed's Emergency Lending Supports The Paycheck Protection Program, Stefanie Aschenbrenner, Dan Hartzheim, Richard Jamieson, Renee Pederson, Anna Stagg Aug 2021

The Fed's Emergency Lending Supports The Paycheck Protection Program, Stefanie Aschenbrenner, Dan Hartzheim, Richard Jamieson, Renee Pederson, Anna Stagg

Documents

No abstract provided.


The Dynamics Of The U.S. Overnight Triparty Repo Market, Mark E. Paddrik, Carlos A. Ram­Rez, Matthew J. Mccormick Aug 2021

The Dynamics Of The U.S. Overnight Triparty Repo Market, Mark E. Paddrik, Carlos A. Ram­Rez, Matthew J. Mccormick

Documents

No abstract provided.


Imf Governors Approve A Historic Us$650 Billion Sdr Allocation Of Special Drawing Rights, International Monetary Fund (Imf) Aug 2021

Imf Governors Approve A Historic Us$650 Billion Sdr Allocation Of Special Drawing Rights, International Monetary Fund (Imf)

Documents

No abstract provided.


Overcoming A Corporate Crisis: The Role Of A Hegemonic Elite – The Banco Ambrosiano Case (1982), Carlo Bellavite Pellegrini, Andrea Lionzo, Alessandro Lai Aug 2021

Overcoming A Corporate Crisis: The Role Of A Hegemonic Elite – The Banco Ambrosiano Case (1982), Carlo Bellavite Pellegrini, Andrea Lionzo, Alessandro Lai

Documents

No abstract provided.


Bank Of England: Monetary Policy Report (August 2021), Bank Of England/Central Bank Of The United Kingdom: Monetary Policy Committee Aug 2021

Bank Of England: Monetary Policy Report (August 2021), Bank Of England/Central Bank Of The United Kingdom: Monetary Policy Committee

Documents

No abstract provided.


Evolution Of Bilateral Swap Lines, Michael Perks, Yudong Rao, Jongsoon Shin, Kiichi Tokuoka Aug 2021

Evolution Of Bilateral Swap Lines, Michael Perks, Yudong Rao, Jongsoon Shin, Kiichi Tokuoka

Documents

No abstract provided.


Guidance Note For Fund Staff On The Treatment And Use Of Sdr Allocations, International Monetary Fund (Imf) Aug 2021

Guidance Note For Fund Staff On The Treatment And Use Of Sdr Allocations, International Monetary Fund (Imf)

Documents

No abstract provided.