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Determination Of Ocean Transports And Velocities By Electromagnetic Effects, W. V.R. Malkus, M. E. Stern Jan 1952

Determination Of Ocean Transports And Velocities By Electromagnetic Effects, W. V.R. Malkus, M. E. Stern

Journal of Marine Research

The electric potentials in and about an ocean current are shown to be related in a simple fashion to the total fluid transport. In many waters, surface measurements alone permit the determination of this total transport. It is also established that the local vertical potential gradient is a measure of the local velocity. Several techniques of measurement, including the "Geomagnetic electrokinetograph" method, and the errors which may be involved in each, are discussed.

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Volume 13. Article 3. Hydrographic And Biological Studies Of Block Island Sound., Gordon A. Riley, Giorgiana B. Deevey, Daniel Merriman, Ruth Sclar, Howard L. Sanders Jan 1952

Volume 13. Article 3. Hydrographic And Biological Studies Of Block Island Sound., Gordon A. Riley, Giorgiana B. Deevey, Daniel Merriman, Ruth Sclar, Howard L. Sanders

Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection

No abstract provided.

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The Determination And Distribution Of Copper In Sea Water. Part I. The Spectrophotometric Determination Of Copper In Sea Water, Tsaihwa J. Chow, Thomas G. Thompson Jan 1952

The Determination And Distribution Of Copper In Sea Water. Part I. The Spectrophotometric Determination Of Copper In Sea Water, Tsaihwa J. Chow, Thomas G. Thompson

Journal of Marine Research

The spectrophotometric determination of copper in sea water has been studied with sodium diethyldithiocarbamate as the color forming reagent. This reagent, compared with the frequently used dithizone, affords simpler operation, less interference from other metallic ions, higher sensitivity, and greater accuracy. Xylene has been found to be most desirable for extracting the copper diethyldithiocarbamate. Factors studied in some detail include the effects of varying the extracting time, concentration as it affects the coefficient of extraction, amount of reagent, hydrogen ion concentration, salinity, concentration of oxidizing and reducing agents, and the stabilities of the diethyldithiocarbamate reagent and the colored copper diethyldithiocarbamate....

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Bassariscus In Miocene Faunas And “Potamotherium Lycopotamicum Cope”, Joseph T. Gregory, Theodore Downs May 1951

Bassariscus In Miocene Faunas And “Potamotherium Lycopotamicum Cope”, Joseph T. Gregory, Theodore Downs

Postilla

Cope described a fragment of the lower jaw of a small carnivore from the "Loup Fork of Cottonwood Creek, Oregon," as Lutrictis ? lycopotamicus (1879, p. 67). The type has been lost, but was figured (Cope - Matthew, 1915, pl. 119c, figs. 5 and 5a). Matthew (1904, p. 254) corrected the generic reference to Potamotherium (as Cope himself also had done at the time the plate was prepared), and noted the loss of the type and absence of other specimens. He considered it a small species and later (1915, loc. cit.) suggested that it was related to Sthenictis. Also, in …

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The Exchanges Of Fresh And Salt Waters In Tidal Estuaries, Bostwick H. Ketchum Jan 1951

The Exchanges Of Fresh And Salt Waters In Tidal Estuaries, Bostwick H. Ketchum

Journal of Marine Research

An empirical theory is presented which describes the exchanges between various parts of an estuary as a result of tidal oscillations, and which permits the calculation of the average distribution of fresh and salt water within the estuary. The characteristics of the estuary used in the calculations are the mean range of tides, the river flow, and the topography, all readily available for most estuaries. The calculations are shown to produce results which are similar to distributions observed in three very different estuaries. The theory will permit calculation of the changes in distribution of salinity and fresh water in any …

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Notes On The Development Of A Thermistor Temperature Profile Recorder (Tpr), Ernest R. Anderson, Arthur T. Burke Jan 1951

Notes On The Development Of A Thermistor Temperature Profile Recorder (Tpr), Ernest R. Anderson, Arthur T. Burke

Journal of Marine Research

A vertical temperature profile recorder, utilizing a thermistor as the temperature sensing element, has been developed for use on lakes, bays, or other enclosed or semi-enclosed bodies of water where temperature profiles in the upper 30 m are desired. Tests of the instrument indicate that it is rugged and durable, giving easily readable records accurate to ± 0.1 ° C....

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Volume 13. Article 1. Oxygen, Phosphate, And Nitrate In The Atlantic Ocean., Gordon A. Riley Jan 1951

Volume 13. Article 1. Oxygen, Phosphate, And Nitrate In The Atlantic Ocean., Gordon A. Riley

Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection

No abstract provided.

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An Attitude On "Fishery Hydrography", J. N. Carruthers Jan 1951

An Attitude On "Fishery Hydrography", J. N. Carruthers

Journal of Marine Research

An essay on the theme that the fortunes of North Sea fish broods may be determined by some factor (or by some complex of factors) resident within those broad features of water circulation which are ruled by widespread wind conditions inferable from the study of atmospheric pressure gradients, followed thereafter by an ADDENDUM (due to Günter Dietrich) dealing with month-by-month wind conditions over the northern North Sea during the half century now ending, and by an ADDENDUM NoTE briefly indicating what progress has been made along the lines concerned and what is in prospect.

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The Estimation Oof Dissolved Phosphate In Sea Water, Warren S. Wooster, Norris W. Rakestraw Jan 1951

The Estimation Oof Dissolved Phosphate In Sea Water, Warren S. Wooster, Norris W. Rakestraw

Journal of Marine Research

The molybdenum-blue method of determining dissolved inorganic phosphorus in sea water was modified for use with a photoelectric colorimeter. The effect of reagent concentration, time, and temperature on the rate and extent of color development was studied. Practical suggestions are given for carrying out routine analyses at sea.

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Comparative Studies Of Mineral Constituents Of Marine Sponges I. The Genera Dysidea, Chondrilla, Terpios, Vaughan T. Bowen, Doris Sutton Jan 1951

Comparative Studies Of Mineral Constituents Of Marine Sponges I. The Genera Dysidea, Chondrilla, Terpios, Vaughan T. Bowen, Doris Sutton

Journal of Marine Research

Analyses of Al, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, Pb, Sn, Ti, and V are presented for specimens of five species of marine sponges: Dysidea crawshayi, D. etheria, Chondrilla nucula, Terpios fugax and T. zeteki; and of F in D. crawshayi….

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An Inexpensive And Rapid Technique For Obtaining Current Profiles In Estuarine Waters, D. W. Pritchard, Wayne V. Burt Jan 1951

An Inexpensive And Rapid Technique For Obtaining Current Profiles In Estuarine Waters, D. W. Pritchard, Wayne V. Burt

Journal of Marine Research

A current indicator, consisting of a confined submerged biplane-shaped drag and a device for reading the angle made by the suspending wire with t he vertical, is introduced in t heory and practice. It was designed for rapid determination of current velocities and directions at any depth from a vessel an chored in shallow water. A number of calibration runs made with t he Drag and with a von Arx Current Meter indicate that the Drag is reliable and suffi ciently accurate for the purpose for wluch it was designed. The gear proved to be rugged, easy to use, and …

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The Spectrophotometric Determination Of Fluoride In Sea Water, Courtenay D. Anselm, Rex J. Robinson Jan 1951

The Spectrophotometric Determination Of Fluoride In Sea Water, Courtenay D. Anselm, Rex J. Robinson

Journal of Marine Research

The zirconium-alizarin sulfonate indicator of Lamar has been applied to the spectrophotometric determination of fluoride in sea water and has been shown to be suitable. Calibration curves have been prepared for different chlorinities. The variation of apparent fluoride content with chlorinity is less than that reported by Thompson and Taylor with their ;eagent. Borate, iron and phosphate have been shown not to interfere at the concentrations found in sea water, while a method has been given to take care of varying alkalinities. The effects of time, temperature and light upon the color intensity have been discussed. Increased accuracy is attained …

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Relation Of Fishes And Other Organisms To The Scattering Of Underwater Sound, Gordon H. Tucker Jan 1951

Relation Of Fishes And Other Organisms To The Scattering Of Underwater Sound, Gordon H. Tucker

Journal of Marine Research

An analysis of concurrent sound-scattering records and biological collections in the sea show a correlation of the deeper and more intense scattering of sound with fishes and of the upper and lighter scattering with a dominant population of euphausiids. The main group of fishes concerned are the Myctophidae, which possess all of the essential qualifications of scatterers.

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A Large Pycnodont From The Niobrara Chalk, Joseph T. Gregory Dec 1950

A Large Pycnodont From The Niobrara Chalk, Joseph T. Gregory

Postilla

Among the fossils collected on the Yale Scientific Expedition of 1872 are fragments of the skull and dentition of a large pycnodont fish. These were found by O. C. Marsh in the Cretaceous chalk exposures along the Smoky Hill River in Kansas on November 6, 1872. They are of particular interest as an example of extreme reduction of the dentition in an aberrant member of this family of durophagous fishes, and also because of their unusually large size. The specimens confirm the distinctness of a genus described by Leidy from the Cretaceous of Mississippi. It is quite fitting that the …

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Bank Of Korea Act, Bank Of Korea May 1950

Bank Of Korea Act, Bank Of Korea

Documents

No abstract provided.

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Subsurface Pelagic Sargassum, Alfred H. Woodcock Jan 1950

Subsurface Pelagic Sargassum, Alfred H. Woodcock

Journal of Marine Research

Observations are given which indicate that the presence of Sargassum below the sea surface is associated with lines of convergence of surface waters and with wind speeds in excess of about 4 m sec-1. It is suggested that descending currents under the convergence lines carry the plants down. Measurements of compression and of rates of rise of S. natans of various densities were made at Bermuda. Results of these measurements indicate that these plants may be carried down by descending currents in excess of 4.5 to 7.2 cm sec-1, and that the plants can maintain positive buoyancy, for short periods …

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Some Current Meters Designed For Suspension From An Anchored Ship, William S. Von Arx Jan 1950

Some Current Meters Designed For Suspension From An Anchored Ship, William S. Von Arx

Journal of Marine Research

Current velocities measured by means of instruments suspended from shipboard may err significantly if the ship's motion at anchor is permitted to tow the instruments through the water while observations are in progress. Two current meter designs are described which employ a propeller linkage by electromagnetic induction to permit continuous observation of current velocity through, and to determine the extent of, the periods when the anchored ship is essentially at rest. The motions of an anchored ship are described.

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Notes On Determining The Depths Of Sampling In Serial Oceanographic Observations, M. J. Pollak Jan 1950

Notes On Determining The Depths Of Sampling In Serial Oceanographic Observations, M. J. Pollak

Journal of Marine Research

In order to interpolate between thermometrically determined depths of sampling in serial oceanographic observations it ha.s been customary to plot a curve of depth to wire length ratio against wire length. It is shown that a simpler and probably more accurate method consists of plotting wire length minus depth against wire length. In this method the surface wire angle is converted into a line of tangency to the curve which always terminates at the zero point of the graph. Furthermore, the limiting slope of this curve is more readily defined and utilized.

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Reality And Illusion In Oceanographic Surveys, Albert Defant Jan 1950

Reality And Illusion In Oceanographic Surveys, Albert Defant

Journal of Marine Research

Care must be exercised in selecting time intervals and spacings between stations along oceanographic profiles in order to avoid erroneous·conclusions regarding the mean circulation. By proper combinations of time intervals and spacings, the effect of internal waves of tidal periods, which are the source of these errors, can be suppressed. The application of these principles to the Marine Life Research cruises of the Scripps Institution is discussed.

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A Study Of Mixing Processes Over The Edge Of The Continental Shelf, Arthur R. Miller Jan 1950

A Study Of Mixing Processes Over The Edge Of The Continental Shelf, Arthur R. Miller

Journal of Marine Research

By means of T-S area diagrams, a method of analysis is developed for the study of closely spaced hydrographic data. In a transitional zone, such as that over the continental shelf off southern New England, this method is useful for following the continuity of the mixing process. Changes in salinity at the edge of the shelf are due, for the most part, to horizontal advection. There are indications of nonisentropic mixing on a smaller scale. From the turbulent features of the region, as indicated by instabilities, this condition is not unexpected.

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Experimental Study Of The Phosphorus Cycle In Fertilized Salt Water, David M. Pratt Jan 1950

Experimental Study Of The Phosphorus Cycle In Fertilized Salt Water, David M. Pratt

Journal of Marine Research

The rates at which phosphorus is (1) assimilated by phytoplankton, (2) released into solution from dead cells, and (3) regenerated to inorganic state, were measured in outdoor concrete tanks containing sea water fertilized with inorganic phosphate and nitrate. Bottles wrapped in black cloth and bottles exposed to the light were filled with the tank water and suspended in the tanks; the three rates in the P cycle were calculated from the observed changes in the concentrations of inorganic and particulate P in the bottles. The maximum recorded rates were: assimilation = 0.36 µg-at. P/L of sea water in the tanks/day; …

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Studies On Granulosa Cell Tumors Occurring In Intrasplenic Ovarian Grafts In Castrate Mice, Orlando Jack Miller Jan 1950

Studies On Granulosa Cell Tumors Occurring In Intrasplenic Ovarian Grafts In Castrate Mice, Orlando Jack Miller

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

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Twenty-Fifth Anniversary Exercises: 5 February 1949, Yale School Of Nursing Feb 1949

Twenty-Fifth Anniversary Exercises: 5 February 1949, Yale School Of Nursing

Yale School of Nursing Alumni Newsletters and Magazines

No abstract provided.

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Experiments In The Fertilization Of A Salt Water Pond, David M. Pratt Jan 1949

Experiments In The Fertilization Of A Salt Water Pond, David M. Pratt

Journal of Marine Research

It has long been recognized that the biological productivity of the sea depends primarily upon the nutrition of the phytoplankton. The aim of these experiments was to study this basic process in the cycle of production by the artificial increase of those plant nutrients most likely to become limiting....

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The Use Of The Amidol Test For Dissolved Oxygen In Sea Water, Maxim Lieber, Rolf Eliassen Jan 1949

The Use Of The Amidol Test For Dissolved Oxygen In Sea Water, Maxim Lieber, Rolf Eliassen

Journal of Marine Research

For many years the Winkler method with its various modifications has been the accepted procedure to determine the dissolved oxygen (D. O.) in fresh and saline waters (Amer. Public Health Ass., 1946). The accuracy of this volumetric test has proven itself in the laboratory where proper facilities and apparatus are available for such determinations. However, this test is too awkward and elaborate to be utilized in the field for sanitary and biological studies.

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Sampling Atmospheric Sea-Salt Nuclei Over The Ocean, Alfred H. Woodcock, Mary M. Gifford Jan 1949

Sampling Atmospheric Sea-Salt Nuclei Over The Ocean, Alfred H. Woodcock, Mary M. Gifford

Journal of Marine Research

Atmospheric hygroscopic nuclei are of primary interest to meteorologists in studies of haze, fog, clouds, etc. (Simpson, 1941; Middleton, 1941; Sheppard, 1947). The sea surface is presumed to be an important source of these nuclei in the form of drops of concentrated sea water arising from spray.

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Stratigraphy And Paleontology Of The Brownsport Formation (Silurian) Of Western Tennessee, Thomas W. Amsden Jan 1949

Stratigraphy And Paleontology Of The Brownsport Formation (Silurian) Of Western Tennessee, Thomas W. Amsden

Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History

The Brownsport formation was named for Niagaran strata exposed in the vicinity of old Brownsport Furnace in Perryville quadrangle, Decatur County, Tennessee….

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Horizontal Diffusion Due To Oceanic Turbulence, Henry Stommel Jan 1949

Horizontal Diffusion Due To Oceanic Turbulence, Henry Stommel

Journal of Marine Research

The purpose of this paper is to discuss some fundamental aspects of horizontal diffusion in the sea and to present some observations that were made especially to obtain quantitive data.

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A Precise Determination Of Chlorinity Of Sea Water Using The Ag-Agcl Indicator Electrode, J. C. Hindman, L. J. Anderson, E. G. Moberg Jan 1949

A Precise Determination Of Chlorinity Of Sea Water Using The Ag-Agcl Indicator Electrode, J. C. Hindman, L. J. Anderson, E. G. Moberg

Journal of Marine Research

A knowledge of the relative currents of the oceans depends to a large extent upon a knowledge of the distribution of mass. Measurements of temperature and cblorinity are made to furnish the necessary data for the computations of the density.

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Theoretical Analysis Of Seasonal Changes In The Phytoplankton Of Husan Harbor, Korea, Gordon A. Riley, Ruth Von Arx Jan 1949

Theoretical Analysis Of Seasonal Changes In The Phytoplankton Of Husan Harbor, Korea, Gordon A. Riley, Ruth Von Arx

Journal of Marine Research

It has been shown (Riley, 1946, 1947) that seasonal changes in total phytoplankton populations can be depicted with a reasonable degree of accuracy by a simple theoretical construction in which the rate of change of the population is described in terms of physiological processes that increase or decrease its organic content (photosynthesis, respiration, grazing), and in which the rates of the individual processes are quantitatively predictable by reference to a few environmental factors....

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