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Carbon Cycling In Mesohaline Chesapeake Bay Sediments 1: Poc Deposition Rates And Mineralization Pathways, Eric E. Roden, Jon H. Tuttle, Walter R. Boynton, W. Michael Kemp Jan 1995

Carbon Cycling In Mesohaline Chesapeake Bay Sediments 1: Poc Deposition Rates And Mineralization Pathways, Eric E. Roden, Jon H. Tuttle, Walter R. Boynton, W. Michael Kemp

Journal of Marine Research

Organic carbon cycling in sediments at two locations in the mesohaline Chesapeake Bay was analyzed using available data on sediment sulfate reduction, sediment oxygen consumption, and particulate organic carbon (POC) deposition and burial. Estimates of POC deposition based on the sum of integrated sediment metabolism and POC burial compared well with direct estimates derived from chlorophyll-a collection rates in mid-water column sediment traps. The range of POC deposition estimates (15–31 mol C m−2 yr−1) accounted for a large fraction (36–74%) of average annual net primary production in the mesohaline Bay. The difference between rates of POC …

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Simultaneous Nitrate And Oxygen Respiration In Coastal Sediments: Evidence For Discrete Diagenesis, Jay A. Brandes, Allan H. Devol Jan 1995

Simultaneous Nitrate And Oxygen Respiration In Coastal Sediments: Evidence For Discrete Diagenesis, Jay A. Brandes, Allan H. Devol

Journal of Marine Research

Oxygen and nitrate porewater profiles from sediments of Puget Sound, the Washington continental margin, and the Chukchi Sea were determined using a whole core squeezing apparatus. The two oxidants were observed to have equal sediment penetration depths and similar profile shapes in nearly all cores. Oxygen and nitrate, therefore, behaved in a similar manner in these shallow sediments: an observation that is not consistent with existing models of sediment diagenesis. A two-dimensional model was constructed in which nearly all oxidant (O2 and NO3−)consumption took place in scattered, highly reactive discrete micro-sites. The model produced a sedimentary …

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Shelf Harpacticoid Copepods Do Not Escape Into The Seabed During Winter Storms, David Thistle, Georges L. Weatherly, Stephen C. Ertman Jan 1995

Shelf Harpacticoid Copepods Do Not Escape Into The Seabed During Winter Storms, David Thistle, Georges L. Weatherly, Stephen C. Ertman

Journal of Marine Research

Winter storms on temperate shelves frequently rework bottom sediments. When the sediment is put in motion, sediment-dwelling harpacticoid copepods risk being suspended. We tested for evidence that adult harpacticoids move below the layer of reworked sediment to avoid suspension. To do so, we determined the rate at which a moderate storm at a site at 18 m depth in the northern Gulf of Mexico (29° 40.63′N, 84° 22.80′W) exposed subsurface sediment during bed-form development and then subjected intact cores from that site to a similar rate of exposure in a laboratory flume. We found no significant difference in vertical position …

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Trade And The Environment: Does Environmental Diversity Detract From The Case For Free Trade?, T.N. Srinivasan, Jagdish Bhagwati Jan 1995

Trade And The Environment: Does Environmental Diversity Detract From The Case For Free Trade?, T.N. Srinivasan, Jagdish Bhagwati

Discussion Papers

No abstract provided.

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Integrated Approaches To Human Resource Development, T. Paul Schultz Jan 1995

Integrated Approaches To Human Resource Development, T. Paul Schultz

Discussion Papers

No abstract provided.

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Measuring Aggregate Human Capital, Xavier Sala-I-Martin, Casey B. Mulligan Jan 1995

Measuring Aggregate Human Capital, Xavier Sala-I-Martin, Casey B. Mulligan

Discussion Papers

No abstract provided.

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The Effects Of Hyperbaric Exposure On Bone Cell Activity In The Rat : Implications For The Pathogenesis Of Dysbaric Osteonecrosis, Stephanie Anne Kapfer Jan 1995

The Effects Of Hyperbaric Exposure On Bone Cell Activity In The Rat : Implications For The Pathogenesis Of Dysbaric Osteonecrosis, Stephanie Anne Kapfer

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

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Autoantibodies In Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Ingrid Helena Olhoffer Jan 1995

Autoantibodies In Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Ingrid Helena Olhoffer

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

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The Effects Of Antiparasitic Medications On The Nutritional Status Of Children From A Parish In Rural Ecuador, Marjorie S. Rosenthal Jan 1995

The Effects Of Antiparasitic Medications On The Nutritional Status Of Children From A Parish In Rural Ecuador, Marjorie S. Rosenthal

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

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Long-Term Computed Tomography Follow-Up Of Sphenoid/Sellar Skull Base Reconstruction After Transsphenoidal Surgery, Nora E. Canty Jan 1995

Long-Term Computed Tomography Follow-Up Of Sphenoid/Sellar Skull Base Reconstruction After Transsphenoidal Surgery, Nora E. Canty

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

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A Simple Model Of The ‘Joint Effect Of Baroclinicity And Relief’ On Ocean Circulation, Rick Salmon, Rupert Ford Jan 1995

A Simple Model Of The ‘Joint Effect Of Baroclinicity And Relief’ On Ocean Circulation, Rick Salmon, Rupert Ford

Journal of Marine Research

We offer a simple model for studying the joint effect of baroclinicity and relief (jebar) on large-scale ocean circulation, based upon the planetary geostrophic equations. Applying a Galerkin approximation to the buoyancy equation, and asssuming that the temperature diffusion and vertical stratification are weak, we obtain a simple relation between the ocean temperature and the streamfunction ψ for the vertically-averaged horizontal transport. Substituting this relation back into the vertically-averaged vorticity equation yields a single, generally nonlinear equation for ψ, in which jebar corresponds to a clockwise ‘advection’ of ψ along the continental slope (for the realistic case of temperature increasing …

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On The Organic Carbon Maximum On The Continental Slope Of The Eastern Arabian Sea, S. E. Calvert, T. F. Pedersen, P. D. Naidu, U. Von Stackelberg Jan 1995

On The Organic Carbon Maximum On The Continental Slope Of The Eastern Arabian Sea, S. E. Calvert, T. F. Pedersen, P. D. Naidu, U. Von Stackelberg

Journal of Marine Research

The sedimentary organic carbon maximum on the continental slope off western India is widely believed to be due to the preferential preservation of deposited organic matter at water depths where the intense oxygen minimum intersects the sea floor. This region is considered to constitute one of the modern analogues for the environment of formation of organic-rich sedimentary facies that are common in the geological record. We critically examine the hypothesis that the oxygen minimum in the eastern Arabian Sea is the site of enhanced organic matter accumulation and preservation using analyses of suites of samples with wide geographical coverage along …

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Parameter Optimization And Analysis Of Ecosystem Models Using Simulated Annealing: A Case Study At Station P, Richard J. Matear Jan 1995

Parameter Optimization And Analysis Of Ecosystem Models Using Simulated Annealing: A Case Study At Station P, Richard J. Matear

Journal of Marine Research

A simulated annealing optimization algorithm is formulated to optimize parameters of ecosystem models. The optimization is used to directly determine the model parameters required to reproduce the observed data. The optimization routine is formulated in a general manner and is easily modified to include additional information on both the desired model output and the model parameters. From the optimization routine, error analysis of the optimal parameters is provided by the error-covariance matrix which gives both the sensitivity of the model to each model parameter and the correlation coefficients between all pairs of model parameters. In addition, the optimization analysis provides …

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A Transatlantic Section At 14.5n: Meridional Volume And Heat Fluxes, Birgit Klein, Robert L. Molinari, Thomas J. Müller, Gerold Siedler Jan 1995

A Transatlantic Section At 14.5n: Meridional Volume And Heat Fluxes, Birgit Klein, Robert L. Molinari, Thomas J. Müller, Gerold Siedler

Journal of Marine Research

Two high-resolution hydrographic sections occupied during February, March 1989 in the western and eastern basins of the North Atlantic at 14.5N are combined to study the water mass structure and meridional mass and heat transports. Absolute velocities were determined using these data and an earlier section at 8N in a linear inverse analysis. Mass balance for several layers representing the main water masses in the region and a zero net divergence for the sum of geostrophic and Ekman transport between the two sections are assumed. Using the annual mean of Ekman transports (13.6 Sv, 14.5N), (15.2 Sv, 8N) based on …

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Lateral Mixing Of The Mediterranean Water In The Eastern North Atlantic, M. Arhan, B. King Jan 1995

Lateral Mixing Of The Mediterranean Water In The Eastern North Atlantic, M. Arhan, B. King

Journal of Marine Research

Analysis of the salinity distribution along three quasi-meridional hydrographic sections in the eastern North Atlantic shows that different mesoscale processes act to mix the Mediterranean Water with the adjacent water masses. In the region of transition with the Antarctic Intermediate Water in the south, the salt transport by the meddies seems to account for most of the observed lateral diffusive exchanges at the large scale. In the north these exchanges are contributed to by parcels of both Mediterranean Water and Subarctic Intermediate Water travelling on average in opposite directions. Also in the north but at a deeper level, transition with …

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The Nordic Banking Crises: Pitfalls In Financial Liberalizations?, Burkhard Drees, Ceyla Pazarbasioglu Jan 1995

The Nordic Banking Crises: Pitfalls In Financial Liberalizations?, Burkhard Drees, Ceyla Pazarbasioglu

Documents

European I Department and Monetary and Exchange Affairs Department

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Delay To Hospital Arrival After Acute Myocardial Infarction In A Population-Based Sample Of Elderly Persons, John Paul Sverha Jan 1995

Delay To Hospital Arrival After Acute Myocardial Infarction In A Population-Based Sample Of Elderly Persons, John Paul Sverha

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

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A Transcranial Doppler Study Comparing Cerebrovascular Reactivity In Patients With Acute Stroke And Transient Ischemic Attack, Norman Whitmire Jr. Jan 1995

A Transcranial Doppler Study Comparing Cerebrovascular Reactivity In Patients With Acute Stroke And Transient Ischemic Attack, Norman Whitmire Jr.

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

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Galenic Heritage In The Neuroanatomy Of Avicenna's Canon Of Medicine, Gregory Peter Licholai Jan 1995

Galenic Heritage In The Neuroanatomy Of Avicenna's Canon Of Medicine, Gregory Peter Licholai

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

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The Ultrasonographic Differentiation Of Obstructive Vs. Nonobstructive Hydronephrosis In Children, Barbara Marie García Jan 1995

The Ultrasonographic Differentiation Of Obstructive Vs. Nonobstructive Hydronephrosis In Children, Barbara Marie García

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

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First No, Then Yes: The Danish Referendums On The Maastricht Treaty 1992 And 1993, Torben Worre Jan 1995

First No, Then Yes: The Danish Referendums On The Maastricht Treaty 1992 And 1993, Torben Worre

Documents

No abstract provided.

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Oecd Economic Surveys: Mexico 1995, Organisation For Economic Co-Operation And Development (Oecd) Jan 1995

Oecd Economic Surveys: Mexico 1995, Organisation For Economic Co-Operation And Development (Oecd)

Documents

No abstract provided.

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The Rotational Orientation Of The T Cell Receptor Bound To Peptide: Mhc, Sangwook Tim Yoon Jan 1995

The Rotational Orientation Of The T Cell Receptor Bound To Peptide: Mhc, Sangwook Tim Yoon

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

The T cell receptor (TCR) is the multi-chained cell surface molecule that mediates the specific recognition of antigen by the T cell. The alpha and beta chains of the TCR are members of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily and form the antigen binding components of the TCR. Although the function of alphabeta-TCRs has been well characterized, less is known about their molecular structure. Current three-dimensional structural models of TCR are based on the similarities in primary sequence between the TCR with immunoglobulin genes. Models of the ternary structure of the TCR and MHC complex have also been proposed. These models, however, …

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Eddy Statistics In The South Atlantic As Derived From Drifters Drogued At 100, H. Schäfer, W. Krauss Jan 1995

Eddy Statistics In The South Atlantic As Derived From Drifters Drogued At 100, H. Schäfer, W. Krauss

Journal of Marine Research

More than 130 satellite-tracked buoys drogued at 100 m depth have been deployed by us in the South Atlantic during the years 1990–1993 in an ongoing program. After eliminating those portions of the trajectories for which the drogue was off, Lagrangian eddy statistics are computed and compared to the results of a similar data set in the North Atlantic and to previous results for the South Atlantic. Regarding the relations based on Taylor's theory, no significant differences can be seen between the North and South Atlantic. The Lagrangian integral time scale is inversely proportional to the r.m.s.-velocity which implies that …

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Fha Restructuring Proposals: Alternatives And Implications, Kerry D. Vandell Jan 1995

Fha Restructuring Proposals: Alternatives And Implications, Kerry D. Vandell

Documents

No abstract provided.

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A Technique For The Determination Of Surface Heat And Freshwater Fluxes From Hydrographic Observations, Using An Approximate Adjoint Ocean Circulation Model, Andreas Schiller, Jürgen Willebrand Jan 1995

A Technique For The Determination Of Surface Heat And Freshwater Fluxes From Hydrographic Observations, Using An Approximate Adjoint Ocean Circulation Model, Andreas Schiller, Jürgen Willebrand

Journal of Marine Research

A technique to determine the large-scale time-averaged ocean circulation from hydrographic observations and surface flux estimates is described. It is based on an inversion of the Bryan-Cox ocean general circulation model. We have constructed an approximate adjoint to that model which is computationally simpler and more economic than the exact adjoint. The optimization algorithm, although not optimal in a statistical sense, allows calculation of all state variables such that they are consistent with the equilibrium dynamics of the circulation model and agree as closely as possible with the observed data. To verify the technique, we have performed identical twin experiments …

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Decay Of Plant Detritus In Organic-Poor Marine Sediment: Production Rates And Stoichiometry Of Dissolved C And N Compounds, Erik Kristensen, Kim Hansen Jan 1995

Decay Of Plant Detritus In Organic-Poor Marine Sediment: Production Rates And Stoichiometry Of Dissolved C And N Compounds, Erik Kristensen, Kim Hansen

Journal of Marine Research

Initial rates (30–60 days) and C:N stoichiometry of decomposition were examined in an organic-poor sediment (0.5% LOI) amended with fresh and dried yeast (Y) and Ruppia maritima (R) detritus by the use of “open system” core incubations and “closed system” jar incubations. High organic additions (0.5% dw) inhibited anaerobic carbon mineralization (i.e. sulfate reduction) and stimulated DOC production and nitrogen mineralization 3(R) to 15(Y) times (i.e. hydrolysis and fermentation). This indicated that carbon and nitrogen mineralization in the highly amended anaerobic sediments were uncoupled. Low organic additions (0.08% dw), on the other …

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A Labor-Income-Based Measure Of The Value Of Human Capital: An Application To The States Of The United States, Xavier Sala-I-Martin, Casey B. Mulligan Dec 1994

A Labor-Income-Based Measure Of The Value Of Human Capital: An Application To The States Of The United States, Xavier Sala-I-Martin, Casey B. Mulligan

Discussion Papers

No abstract provided.

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Project Completion Report On A Financial Sector Adjustment Credit (2077-Se) To Senegal, World Bank/World Bank Group Nov 1994

Project Completion Report On A Financial Sector Adjustment Credit (2077-Se) To Senegal, World Bank/World Bank Group

Documents

Staff report evaluating Senegal's Financial Sector Adjustment Program

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Error Bands For Impulse Responses, Christopher A. Sims, Tao Zha Nov 1994

Error Bands For Impulse Responses, Christopher A. Sims, Tao Zha

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We examine the theory and behavior in practice of Bayesian and bootstrap methods for generating error bands on impulse responses in dynamic linear models. The Bayesian intervals have a firmer theoretical foundation in small samples, are easier to compute, and are about as good in small samples by classical criteria as are the best bootstrap intervals. Bootstrap intervals based directly on the simulated small-sample distribution of an estimator, without bias correction, perform very badly. We show that a method that has been used to extend to the overidentified case standard algorithms for Bayesian intervals in reduced form models is incorrect, …

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