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European Stocks Fall 12% On The Week As Coronavirus Grips Markets, Elliot Smith

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No abstract provided.

Ypfs Lessons Learned Oral History Project: An Interview With Zachary Taylor, Zachary Taylor, Maryann Haggerty

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Suggested Citation Form: Taylor, Zachary, 2020. “Lessons Learned Interview."Interview by Maryann Haggerty. Yale Program on Financial Stability Lessons Learned Oral History Project. July 28, 2020. Transcript. https://ypfs.som.yale.edu/library/ypfs-lesson-learned-oral-history-project-interview-zachary-taylor

Ypfs Lessons Learned Oral History Project: An Interview With Eric Dinallo, Eric Dinallo, Maryann Haggerty

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Suggested Citation Form: Dinallo, Eric, 2020. “Lessons Learned Interview."Interview by Maryann Haggerty. Yale Program on Financial Stability Lessons Learned Oral History Project. February 25, 2020. Transcript. https://ypfs.som.yale.edu/library/ypfs-lesson-learned-oral-history-project-interview-eric-dinallo

Danamodal Nasional Berhad (Danamodal) (My Afc), Devyn Jeffereis

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No abstract provided.

Managing Systemic Banking Crises: New Lessons And Lessons Relearned, Marina Moretti, Marc Dobler, Alvaro Piris Chavarri

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No abstract provided.

Ypfs Lessons Learned Oral History Project: An Interview With Arthur Murton, Sandra Ward, Arthur J. Murton

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Suggested Citation Form: Murton, Arthur, 2020. “Lessons Learned Interview."Interview by Sandra Ward. Yale Program on Financial Stability Lessons Learned Oral History Project. February 13, 2020. Transcript. https://ypfs.som.yale.edu/library/ypfs-lesson-learned-oral-history-project-interview-arthur-murton

Partial Identification And Inference For Dynamic Models And Counterfactuals, Myrto Kalouptsidi, Yuichi Kitamura, Lucas Lima, Eduardo Souza-Rodrigues

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We provide a general framework for investigating partial identification of structural dynamic discrete choice models and their counterfactuals, along with uniformly valid inference procedures. In doing so, we derive sharp bounds for the model parameters, counterfactual behavior, and low-dimensional outcomes of interest, such as the average welfare effects of hypothetical policy interventions. We characterize the properties of the sets analytically and show that when the target outcome of interest is a scalar, its identified set is an interval whose endpoints can be calculated by solving well-behaved constrained optimization problems via standard algorithms. We obtain a uniformly valid inference procedure by …

Spatial Distribution Of Supply And The Role Of Market Thickness: Theory And Evidence From Ride Sharing, Soheil Ghili, Vineet Kumar

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

This paper studies the e ects of economies of density in transportation markets, focusing on ridesharing. Our theoretical model predicts that (i) economies of density skew the supply of drivers away from less dense regions, (ii) the skew will be more pronounced for smaller platforms, and (iii) rideshare platforms do not nd this skew ecient and thus use prices and wages to mitigate (but not eliminate) it. We then develop a general empirical strategy with simple implementation and limited data requirements to test for spatial skew of supply from demand. Applying our method to ride-level, multi-platform data from New York …

Federal Open Market Committee Rules And Authorizations (January 2020), Federal Reserve System: Board Of Governors: Federal Open Market Committee (Fomc)

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No abstract provided.

Basel Iii F: Callable Commercial Paper, Christian M. Mcnamara, Rosalind Bennett, Andrew Metrick

Journal of Financial Crises

One of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision’s responses to the global financial crisis of 2007-09 was to introduce the Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR), a short-term measure that evaluates whether a bank has enough liquidity to meet expected cash outflows during a 30-day stress scenario. One area in which this incentive has already resulted in changed practices is in the market for commercial paper. Banks often provide backup liquidity facilities to the issuers of commercial paper that the issuers can draw upon to repay a maturing issue of commercial paper if they are unable to sell a new issue to …

Basel Iii B: Basel Iii Overview, Christian M. Mcnamara, Michael Wedow, Andrew Metrick

Journal of Financial Crises

In the wake of the financial crisis of 2007-09, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) faced the critical task of diagnosing what went wrong and then updating regulatory standards aimed at preventing it from occurring again. In seeking to strengthen the microprudential regulation associated with the earlier Basel Accords while also adding a macroprudential overlay, Basel III consists of proposals in three main areas intended to address 1) capital reform, 2) liquidity standards, and 3) systemic risk and interconnectedness. This case considers the causes of the 2007-09 financial crisis and what they suggest about weaknesses in the Basel regime …

Basel Iii A: Regulatory History, Christian M. Mcnamara, Thomas Piontek, Andrew Metrick

Journal of Financial Crises

From the earliest efforts to mandate the amount of capital banks must maintain, regulators have grappled with how best to accomplish this task. Until the 1980s, regulation had been based largely on discretion and judgment. In the wake of two bank failures, the central bank governors of the G10 countries established the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) and in 1988, the BCBS introduced a capital measurement system, Basel I. The system represented a triumph of the fixed numerical approach, however, critics worried that it was too blunt an instrument. In 1999, the BCBS issued Basel II, a proposal to …

Jpmorgan Chase London Whale Z: Background & Overview, Arwin G. Zeissler, Rosalind Bennett, Andrew Metrick

Journal of Financial Crises

In December 2011, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of JPMorgan Chase (JPM) instructed the bank’s Chief Investment Office to reduce the size of its Synthetic Credit Portfolio (SCP) during 2012, so that JPM could decrease its Risk-Weighted Assets as the bank prepared to adopt the impending Basel III bank capital regulations. However, the SCP traders were also told to minimize the trading costs incurred to reduce Risk-Weighted Assets, while still maintaining the opportunity to profit from unexpected corporate bankruptcies. In an attempt to balance these competing objectives, head SCP derivatives trader Bruno Iksil suggested in January 2012 …

Incorporating Macroprudential Financial Regulation Into Monetary Policy, Aaron Klein

Journal of Financial Crises

This paper proposes two insights into financial regulation and monetary policy. The first enhances understanding the relationship between them, building on the automobile metaphor that describes monetary policy: when to accelerate or brake for curves miles ahead. Enhancing the metaphor, financial markets are the transmission. In a financial crisis, markets cease to function, equivalent to a transmission shifting into neutral. This explains both monetary policy’s diminished effectiveness in stimulating the economy and why the financial crisis shock to real economic output greatly exceeded central bank forecasts.

The second insight is that both excess leverage and fundamental mispricing of asset values …

Federal Reserve Board - Board Votes 2020, Federal Reserve System: Board Of Governors

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No abstract provided.

Editor's Commentary: Effect Of Coriolis Force On Edge Waves (I) Investigation Of The Normal Modes, Kenneth H. Brink

Journal of Marine Research

In the oceanographic literature, there are not too many publications so clearly ahead of their time as is this one. Reid starts out by asking about the effect of Earth’s rotation on edge waves. Edge waves are essentially long gravity waves found over the continental shelf and up onto the beach. They are topographically constrained to propagate strictly alongshore, but in either direction. By the mid-1950s, interest in this was growing as people realized that edge waves are more than a mathematical curiosity. Rotation was expected to be important for long, low frequency (periods of tens of minutes, out to …

Classic Article: The Influence Of Deposit-Feeding Organisms On Sediment Stability And Community Trophic Structure, Donald C. Rhoads, David K. Young

Journal of Marine Research

Deposit-feeding and suspension-feeding benthos in Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts, show marked spatial separation; suspension feeders are largely confined to sandy or firm mud bottoms while deposit feeders attain high densities on soft muddy substrata. Food source and bottom stability have been investigated as potential factors effecting this trophic-group separation. Between October 4, 1967 and August 22, 1969, observations were made at 11 stations in Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts, along two widely separated transects over bottoms ranging in texture from silt to fine and medium sand. Water depths at these stations ranged from 3 m to 20 m. Scuba divers made many of …

The Apostle Of Dissent: J. Hendrix Mclane's Fight Against History In Post-Reconstruction South Carolina, Steven Rome

Kaplan Senior Essay Prize for Use of Library Special Collections

John Augustus Hendrix McLane envisioned a wholesale political revolution. He aimed to overthrow the politics of racial and sectional animosities, animated by raw memories of the Civil War, and replace it with a new political alignment organized around a class appeal. In the 1882 election, and for more than a decade after, McLane cultivated a coalition of the economically oppressed. In his idealized vision, working people of all races and regions would unite to dethrone the monopolies, bankers, and lawyers who composed the economic elite. These intrepid efforts are important evidence that, in one historian’s words, “the South is not …

Shifts In Micromobility-Related Trauma In The Age Of Vehicle Sharing: The Epidemiology Of Head Injury, Joshua Richard Feler

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Shared micromobility programs (SMPs) provide access to a distributed set of shared vehicles – mostly conventional bicycles, electronic bicycles, and electronic scooters – and are increasingly common in domestic and global cities, with riders completing an estimated 84 million trips using an SMP vehicle. There is heterogeneity in these programs in size, vehicle types offered, and distribution model. The impact of SMP introduction on the epidemiology of traumatic injury is largely unknown, and the relative safety of different shared vehicle types has not been evaluated; these effects are the subject of this study.

Considered as a whole, the annual number …

Identification Of A Novel Disorder With Cholestasis, Liver Fibrosis And Congenital Diarrhea Due To Organic Solute Transporter Alpha Deficiency, Emily Gao

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

BACKGROUND: Much of our understanding of normal liver pathophysiology comes from studying patients with liver disease who remain undiagnosed after a comprehensive workup. Searching for diagnoses among such cohorts has benefits both for the underserved patients with idiopathic liver disease, but also for science as a whole. Unbiased genomic analysis of patients with undiagnosed disease has yielded remarkable results, including clinically actionable diagnoses in children and adults, as well as the discovery of novel genetic diseases. Thus, we posit that among pediatric patients with undiagnosed liver disease, there may be previously unrecognized Mendelian causes.

METHODS: We report a 2.5 year …

Identifying Rare Genetic Variation In Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Sarah Abdallah

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a neuropsychiatric developmental disorder with known heritability (estimates ranging from 27%-80%) but poorly understood etiology. Current treatments are not fully effective in addressing chronic functional impairments and distress caused by the disorder, providing an impetus to study the genetic basis of OCD in the hopes of identifying new therapeutic targets. We previously demonstrated a significant contribution to OCD risk from likely damaging de novo germline DNA sequence variants, which arise spontaneously in the parental germ cells or zygote instead of being inherited from a parent, and we successfully used these identified variants to implicate new OCD …

The Pharmacokinetics Of A Novel Anti-Renalase Antibody Used For The Treatment Of Melanoma In A Congenic Mouse Species, Oriyomi Alimi

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

The pharmacokinetics of a humanized anti-RNLS monoclonal antibody used for the treatment of melanoma in a congenic mouse species

Authors: Oriyomi Alimi1, Gary Desir1

1Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT

Cancer cells can overcome signaling that restrains their growth and promotes senescence and cell death. Renalase (RNLS) is a secreted flavoprotein that functions as a survival factor after ischemic and toxic injury, signaling through the plasma calcium channel PMCA4b to activate the PI3K/AKT and MAPK pathways. In addition, recent studies, indicate that dysregulated RNLS signaling promotes survival of melanoma cells due to its capacity to …

Factors Influencing The Receipt Of Diabetic Retinopathy Screening In A High-Risk Population, Elizabeth Ann Fairless

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is among the leading causes of vision loss in the US,

yet an estimated 50% of patients with diabetes do not receive recommended annual

screening eye exams for reasons that are incompletely understood. Patients with diabetes

and low socioeconomic status or who are racial/ethnic minorities are at increased risk for

vision loss. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 30 patients with diabetes at a

federally qualified community health center and a primary care clinic in New Haven, CT

regarding factors influencing their use of screening exams. The interviews were recorded,

transcribed, and analyzed line by line to identify …

Characterization Of Temperature Curves In The Intensive Care Unit, Patricia Lourdes Valda Toro

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Fevers are extremely common in hospitalized patients, particularly in those admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Up to 50% of fevers in the ICU are non-infectious in origin. Yet, the development of a fever commonly prompts extensive, costly and invasive infectious workups. Patients with persistent fevers are usually treated with antimicrobials long after infectious workups prove unrevealing. While this is viewed as a ‘safe’ approach, inappropriate antibiotic use has shown to be harmful to patients – even effecting an increase in mortality – in addition to contributing to the spread of antibiotic resistance. The purpose of this study is …

Meat Consumption, Cooking Practices, And Blood Harmane Concentrations In Essential Tremor: A Population-Based, Environmental Study In The Faroe Islands, Monica Ferrer Socorro

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Background: Essential tremor (ET) is among the most prevalent neurological disease, yet potential modifiable environmental factors contributing to its etiology are poorly understood. Harmane [1-methyl-9H-pyrido(3,4-b)indole], is a potent neurotoxin, of which elevated levels may be linked to ET. Possible etiologies for this elevation include increased dietary consumption, impaired metabolism, or increased endogenous production. Harmane is particularly abundant in meats and long cooking times can increase its concentrations. One previous study provided preliminary data of a dietary difference between male ET cases and controls. To clarify the relationship between ET and harmane we conducted a population-based, case-control study, in the Faroe …

Meningitis In Infants ≤60 Days Of Age Diagnosis, Parent Experiences And Potential Improvements In Care And Communication, Eduardo Fleischer

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Objectives: The aims of this body of work are several fold. Aim 1: To describe the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) profile of infants ≤60 days old with bacterial meningitis and characterize the clinical and laboratory features of infants with bacterial meningitis who present with no CSF abnormalities. Aim 2: To evaluate the performance characteristics of the BioFire® FilmArray® Meningitis/Encephalitis panel (ME panel), the only Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-cleared multiplexed panel for the evaluation of CSF samples. Aim 3: To identify themes to be included in a parent-reported outcome measure for febrile infants ≤60 days old and to describe the process …

Immunologic Analysis Of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer In People Living With Hiv, Ramsey Yusuf

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Among people living with HIV (PLWH), non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has emerged as the most common non-AIDS defining cancer and a leading cause of death. PLWH with NSCLC are diagnosed at younger ages and demonstrate worse outcomes compared to the general population. Global immune dysregulation in the setting of HIV infection may account for these disparities, however little is known about the immunobiology of HIV-associated NSCLC. The goal of this study was to investigate the clinical and pathology of NSCLC in PLWH. This retrospective cohort study examined HIV-associated and uninfected NSCLC cases within Yale-New Haven Hospital between 2000-2016. Medical …

Editor's Commentary: On The Mutual Adjustment Of Pressure And Velocity Distributions In Certain Simple Current Systems, C.-G. Rossby

Journal of Marine Research

These are the original geostrophic adjustment papers. Rossby starts out by asking what,if anything, limits the ability for a flow to be in geostrophic balance (to precisely follow pressure contours on a rotating planet). This topic is now a classroom standard, but we often forget how insightful the original articles are...

Editor's Commentary: On The Oxidation Of Organic Matter In Marine Sediments By Bacteria, Robert C. Aller, Margaret Hotchkiss

Journal of Marine Research

Selman Waksman is best known for his work on natural antibiotics, for which he originated the term and received a Nobel Prize. However, he and co-workers also extensively investigated soil microbes and their interactions with biogeochemical processes and elemental cycling...

Import, Export, And Recycling Of Dissolved Nutrients In The Ogeechee River Estuary (Georgia, Usa), William B. Savidge, Kathryn R. Doyle, Brock Woodson

Journal of Marine Research

We constructed an empirical mass balance model of nutrient fluxes in the Ogeechee River estuary (Georgia, USA) from eight surveys of seasonal estuarine nutrient concentrations during 2015 and 2016. The model results indicated a net removal of dissolved phosphorus and a net production of dissolved nitrogen (N) within the estuary over an annual cycle. During summer and autumn low flow periods, much of the dissolved N discharged to the ocean seems to be recycled into the estuary in the form of phytoplankton biomass. As a result, the outwelled N is not new nitrogen fueling coastal production but is nitrogen trapped …