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Articles 1291 - 1320 of 9639
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Envisioning User Requirements For First-Of-A-Kind Future Rotorcraft, Christen Sushereba, Laura Militello, Katie Ernst, Julie Diiulio, Emilie Roth, Scott Scheff, William Huff Iv
Envisioning User Requirements For First-Of-A-Kind Future Rotorcraft, Christen Sushereba, Laura Militello, Katie Ernst, Julie Diiulio, Emilie Roth, Scott Scheff, William Huff Iv
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
In this paper, we describe an ongoing effort to envision and articulate requirements for the United States Army’s Future Vertical Lift (FVL) program, specifically related to crewing. The goal of FVL is to develop a new family of rotorcraft that will incorporate advanced technologies to support new capabilities. We will discuss the challenges associated with envisioning a future system, along with approaches to design for the envisioned world with examples. We emphasize the importance of focusing on the envisioned work domain, rather than advances in new technologies. We recommend that by articulating the future work domain, requirements for new technologies …
The Use Of 3d Modeling Software To Enhance Rotorcraft Maintenance Training, Celeste D. Torrez, Brian J. Kozak
The Use Of 3d Modeling Software To Enhance Rotorcraft Maintenance Training, Celeste D. Torrez, Brian J. Kozak
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
In order to obtain an airframe and powerplant (A&P) certificate, students must receive a minimum of 1,900 hours of instruction from an FAA approved 14 CFR Part 147 School. Within Part 147, students are only required to learn about helicopters at a level 1 proficiency, which requires only classroom lectures. In order to fill this possible gap in knowledge, the authors created a training exercise at the sophomore level. A helicopter tail rotor was simulated using CATIA to model common stresses on helicopter components. Additionally, helicopter accident reports were used to increase the understanding of proper maintenance, and how components …
A History Of The Air Traffic Control Collegiate Training Initiative (At-Cti) Program, Darendia Mccauley, Dana Broach
A History Of The Air Traffic Control Collegiate Training Initiative (At-Cti) Program, Darendia Mccauley, Dana Broach
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
In the 1989 FAA Flight Plan for Training, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) proposed testing the concept of off-loading some portion of air traffic control specialist (ATCS) training to colleges and universities. This was the genesis of the program that became known as the Air Traffic Collegiate Training Initiative (AT-CTI). The AT-CTI program was initiated as a cost saving effort to defer some of the basic ATCS educational elements to participating colleges and universities. Beginning in 1989, the FAA entered into partnerships with selected post-secondary educational institutions to conduct some portion of ATCS technical training as a demonstration program. The …
A Tablet-Computer App Displaying Runway Winds, William R. Knecht
A Tablet-Computer App Displaying Runway Winds, William R. Knecht
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
We tested variants of a mobile meteorological tablet-computer application designed to help general aviation (GA) pilots land aircraft more safely under windy conditions. This “app” compared METAR runway wind information in several graphical and textual formats. Study 1 tested 25 GA pilots on 18 runway wind scenarios. Graphical METARs depicted the runway with a large arrow at 90°, representing the crosswind speed component, and a second arrow parallel to the runway, representing the headwind/tailwind component. We hypothesized that eliminating the need for complex mental calculation of wind components would increase speed and/or accuracy of information processing. Study 2 tested 17 …
Factors Affecting Air Traffic Controller’S Weather Dissemination To Pilots, Ali Alshaqah, Chen Ling, Emma Pierson, Shengyoung Wang
Factors Affecting Air Traffic Controller’S Weather Dissemination To Pilots, Ali Alshaqah, Chen Ling, Emma Pierson, Shengyoung Wang
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
As the number of flights in the United States continues to rise steadily, an equally amplified need for reliability and safety has come to the forefront of aviation research. One of the most alarming trends is the number of general aviation (GA) accidents during severe weather events that occur yearly, with fatalities occurring in more than half of these cases. This study focuses on identifying factors influencing weather dissemination of Air Traffic Controllers (ATC) to GA pilots. Ten factors affecting controllers’ performance during severe weather events were identified through an in-depth literature review including controller mental workload, situation awareness, weather …
Understanding Current Ways Of Reporting Runway Incursion Incidents At Towered Airports, Divya Bhargava, Karen Marais
Understanding Current Ways Of Reporting Runway Incursion Incidents At Towered Airports, Divya Bhargava, Karen Marais
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
Runway incursions occur when an unauthorized aircraft, vehicle or pedestrian operates on a runway. While most incursions are near-misses, they have the potential of turning into fatal accidents such as the Tenerife accident. Despite various efforts to reduce runway incursions, the number of incursions has been increasing. Learning from past incidents can help us develop effective preventive strategies but lack of in-depth investigations limits our understanding of the causes of incursions. At towered airports, the controller on duty reports the incident to the FAA using a form asking them to describe the incident in their own words. Our research question …
A Framework For Assessing The Impact Of Performance-Based Navigation On Air Traffic Controllers, R. Jordan Hinson, Michael W. Sawyer, Gary L. Serfoss
A Framework For Assessing The Impact Of Performance-Based Navigation On Air Traffic Controllers, R. Jordan Hinson, Michael W. Sawyer, Gary L. Serfoss
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
The air traffic control domain is undergoing significant modernization efforts through technology and procedure enhancements. Understanding the impact of these changes and ensuring these enhancements do not unduly increase controller cognitive workload is essential for success. This research provides a framework for assessing human performance impacts and cognitive workload associated with Performance-Based Navigation for use in an operational air traffic control environment. A panel of human factors and air traffic control subject matter experts assessed a broad set of measures of cognitive workload based on sensitivity, bandwidth, diagnosticity, selectivity, interference, controller acceptance, reliability, and implementation requirements. This resulted in a …
Helmet Mounted Display Format And Spatial Audio Cueing Flight Test, Thomas Schnell, Eric Geiselman, Brian Simpson, Henry Williams
Helmet Mounted Display Format And Spatial Audio Cueing Flight Test, Thomas Schnell, Eric Geiselman, Brian Simpson, Henry Williams
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
Historically, the objective of new technology development has been to enhance pilot performance (such as situation awareness) without causing problems such as Spatial Disorientation (SD). However, when improperly designed or poorly integrated, such technologies may actually reduce performance and increase the likelihood of unintended consequences. SD continues to be a serious problem in the military flight domain and it is critical that both the potential to cause problems as well as support effective defensive mitigation strategies be considered early in the development of new technologies. Past research has shown that new technologies can change operator behaviors. For example, the availability …
A Case Study Of Taxiway Landing (1982-2016), Linfeng Jin, Chien-Tsung Lu
A Case Study Of Taxiway Landing (1982-2016), Linfeng Jin, Chien-Tsung Lu
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
The paper reviews the 26 “landing on the taxiway” cases happened between 1982 and 2016 recorded by the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) aviation accident/incident database, it evaluates causal and contributing factors such as visibility, navigation, preparation, fatigue, experiences, age and more affecting pilots’ operations. Also, personnel injury/fatality and severity of the aircraft damage are extracted from the NTSB’s accident/incident databases to conduct the inductive research. Some interesting findings in the paper includes the experienced pilots landing on the taxiway, and different trends of mistakes between general aviation (GA) and commercial operation. Based on these findings, the authors have given …
Hazardous Attitudes In Us Part 121 Airline Accidents, Bryan Nuñez, Carlos López, Jonathan Velazquez, Oswart A. Mora, Kevin Román
Hazardous Attitudes In Us Part 121 Airline Accidents, Bryan Nuñez, Carlos López, Jonathan Velazquez, Oswart A. Mora, Kevin Román
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
The greater part of aviation accidents is often attributed to human error, with flight crew performance accounting for the majority of these mishaps. In 2016, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) published a rule to address pilot professionalism and to increase the likelihood that aviators adhere to standard procedures and prevent behavior that could lead to pilot errors in the airline domain. The FAA has identified 5 Hazardous Attitudes that afflict pilots: macho, impulsivity, resignation, invulnerability, and anti-authority. This study examined the FAA-defined Hazardous Attitudes and the regularity with which they occurred in the U.S. air carrier flight crew related accidents …
From Crewed To Single-Pilot Operations: Pilot Performance And Workload Management, Anja K. Faulhaber
From Crewed To Single-Pilot Operations: Pilot Performance And Workload Management, Anja K. Faulhaber
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
Higher levels of automation have come to replace human roles in the cockpit. Therefore, a further reduction of the crew size from two pilots to one has become an option. Such single-pilot operations (SPO) need to provide at least the same safety standards as today’s two-crew operations (TCO). The present study aims at identifying potential issues in pilot performance and workload during SPO as opposed to TCO. Fourteen pilots flew short ILS approach and landing scenarios in a fixed-base A320 flight simulator. A 2x3 factorial design was used with the factors crew configuration (TCO and SPO) and scenario (baseline, turbulence …
Effect Of Pain And Task Load On Flying Performance, Kellen Probert, Brian P. Dyre, Justin G. Hollands, Tristan Beaudoin, Elaine Maceda
Effect Of Pain And Task Load On Flying Performance, Kellen Probert, Brian P. Dyre, Justin G. Hollands, Tristan Beaudoin, Elaine Maceda
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
An operationally-significant number of Griffon aircrew in the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) develop chronic neck pain; however, it is unclear how this chronic pain affects their ability to accomplish their missions. Extant literature on pain and human performance has found that pain can negatively affect tasks constrained by short-term memory and attention switching. We sought to test whether pain has similar effects on personnel piloting helicopters in simulation. Twenty-three RCAF personnel flew a simulated Griffon helicopter through waypoints along a target path. We were particularly interested in the effects of three variables: a) the presence or absence of induced …
Individualized Landing Flare Training Using Both Flight Performance And Psychophysiological Measures, Jorg Onno Entzinger
Individualized Landing Flare Training Using Both Flight Performance And Psychophysiological Measures, Jorg Onno Entzinger
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
In this paper, we propose the analysis of various measures of eye and heart-rate data in addition to the flown trajectories and landing result, to get a better understanding of a trainee’s learning phase and optimize the time spent on and exercises used for the flare training. A problem often experienced is that the trainee knows what to do and tries to a level that (s)he even believes to be doing just that, without actually doing it. Objective, visual feedback can be used to provide the trainee with tangible points to focus on, instead of the often heard comments like …
Examining Pilot Decision Making In Information-Rich Cockpits, Meredith Carroll, Donna Forsyth Wilt, Paige Sanchez, Deborah Carstens
Examining Pilot Decision Making In Information-Rich Cockpits, Meredith Carroll, Donna Forsyth Wilt, Paige Sanchez, Deborah Carstens
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
Pilots are faced with making decisions based on a range of different information sources. One challenge pilots often face is the presentation of conflicting information between sources. This effort examined pilot decision making with conflicting information by conducting structured interviews with 13 pilots, including seven airline, three corporate, and three GA pilots. Pilots were asked questions regarding their experience with conflicting sources of weather, traffic, and navigation information on the flight deck or cockpit. Further, they were asked to describe how they responded to the information conflict, including which source they trusted, which source they ultimately acted on, and why …
Towards A Meta-Model To Specify And Design Human-Agent Teams, Michael F. Schneider, Michael E. Miller, John M. Mcguirl
Towards A Meta-Model To Specify And Design Human-Agent Teams, Michael F. Schneider, Michael E. Miller, John M. Mcguirl
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
This paper describes work towards developing a meta-model useful in the design and specification of Human-Agent Teams. The meta-model adapts components from the cognitive systems, human factors, software and systems engineering literature to form a model and language which can be applied early in the system design process. The resulting model provides a description of desired system behavior. More importantly, the model produces artifacts useful in deriving requirements for both the human and the artificial agents, as well as for the software/hardware human interface. Insight is also provided for manpower, training, and personnel requirements; as well as, requirements for agent …
Multiple Identity Tracking And Motion Extrapolation, Ashley Buck, Esa Rantanen
Multiple Identity Tracking And Motion Extrapolation, Ashley Buck, Esa Rantanen
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
Multiple Identity Tracking (MIT) is a research paradigm in which individuals track the location and individual identity information of several moving objects in the environment. The present study is an examination of how individuals are able to extrapolate the future movement of moving objects while they are masked. There has been conflicting research on the source of a decline in tracking ability; either the amount of time an object is occluded for, or the distance an object moved during an occlusion. Additionally, previous research has not included the use of a secondary visual search task in a mask. Our design …
An Empirical Test Of An Enhanced Airspeed Indicator, Julia Trippe, Robert Mauro
An Empirical Test Of An Enhanced Airspeed Indicator, Julia Trippe, Robert Mauro
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
Analysis of airliner accidents and incidents identified a class of events in which structurally, mechanically, and electronically sound aircraft decelerated through the minimum safe operating speed to the stick-shaker activation speed. For a subset of these events the automation was no longer actively controlling to the airspeed target, a condition which the Primary Flight Display does not explicitly indicate. Increasing the salience of critical automation information may enhance the ability of the flight crew to detect, recognize, and diagnose when an aircraft will inappropriately decelerate, prior to a speed deviation. In the current study, we designed and tested a modification …
Human Factors Electronic Kneeboard Design Guidelines For Military Tactical Aviation, Robert Bridgeman, Kelly J. Neville, Lauren Massey, Curtis Krauskopf, Ali Mizan, John Mooney, Dylan Schmorrow
Human Factors Electronic Kneeboard Design Guidelines For Military Tactical Aviation, Robert Bridgeman, Kelly J. Neville, Lauren Massey, Curtis Krauskopf, Ali Mizan, John Mooney, Dylan Schmorrow
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
Great strides have been made in reducing the reams of paper-based materials that pilots were once required to bring into the cockpit. Much of that paper-based information is now available to pilots on electronic devices known as electronic kneeboards (EKBs). The main goal of this paper is to describe a design strategy we are using that integrates interdisciplinary perspectives and engages users in the design process. We describe the use of this design strategy to specify and design EKB applications (i.e., apps) that are uniquely supportive of the work demands faced by tactical pilots. As a result of the work …
Virtual Reality Flight Environments May Tax Working Memory And Disrupt Prospective Memory, Cassandra Ommerli, Jinous Mirzaagha, Chunyun Ma, Kathleen Van Bentham, Chris Herdman
Virtual Reality Flight Environments May Tax Working Memory And Disrupt Prospective Memory, Cassandra Ommerli, Jinous Mirzaagha, Chunyun Ma, Kathleen Van Bentham, Chris Herdman
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
While vivid virtual reality (VR) environments may afford better performance for some flight tasks, it is possible that enhanced stimuli could overload some cognitive resources. Prospective memory (PM) is a cognitive factor sensitive to working memory and visual processing demands, and it may be a performance factor either adversely affected or enhanced by VR factors. Forty-seven pilots flew a VR flight simulation scenario, which included an auditory cue-based PM task. Self-ratings of psychological experiences in VR revealed three factors with relationships to PM: fluency, presence, and interactivity. Path analyses examined the relation of each of these factors with PM, and …
Human-Autonomy Teaming - An Evolving Interaction Paradigm: A Cognitive Engineering Approach To Hat, Axel Schulte, Diana Donath
Human-Autonomy Teaming - An Evolving Interaction Paradigm: A Cognitive Engineering Approach To Hat, Axel Schulte, Diana Donath
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
This contribution outlines a cognitive engineering approach to structure, describe and depict configurations for highly automated human-machine systems using a common language. These systems involve cognitive agents, for autonomous vehicle guidance and mission management. The method focusses on the systematic top-down deduction of requirements for human-autonomy work share and interaction in the work process. Therefore, this contribution outlines a procedure to follow to design and describe such human-autonomy teaming systems, related user and system requirements, and top-level system designs. This contribution primarily aims at the application field of military, highly automated manned/unmanned vehicle systems.
Data-Driven Improvement Of Flight Training Safety At Purdue University, Matthew C. Chow, Shantanu Gupta, Celeste D. Torrez, Suvarna Veeravalli, John H. Holt, Jack J. Green, Nikolas A. Sambado
Data-Driven Improvement Of Flight Training Safety At Purdue University, Matthew C. Chow, Shantanu Gupta, Celeste D. Torrez, Suvarna Veeravalli, John H. Holt, Jack J. Green, Nikolas A. Sambado
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
The School of Aviation and Transportation Technology at Purdue University utilizes a wide range of resources to train aspiring pilots, technicians, and managers. Aircraft operate in one of four practice areas located within a 30 nautical mile radius of the Purdue University Airport. Due to factors such as poor weather conditions, inexperience of student pilots, and proximity misjudgment, one aircraft could operate in close proximity to another in the same practice area, compromising the safety of both aircraft and causing a Near Midair Collision (NMAC) event due to miscommunication, misinterpretation, or failure to act on the part of the pilots …
Automated Speech Recognition Technology To Support In Flight Weather-Related Communication For Ga Pilots, Gaojian Huang, Brandon J. Pitts
Automated Speech Recognition Technology To Support In Flight Weather-Related Communication For Ga Pilots, Gaojian Huang, Brandon J. Pitts
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
Weather information latency during flight in general aviation (GA) has resulted in numerous incidents. Hands-free automated speech recognition (ASR) systems have the potential to help overcome this challenge and facilitate rapid weatherrelated information exchange. However, it is unclear to what extent ASR systems can support pilot communication in such noisy environments. The goals of this study were to (1) evaluate the performance of 7 commercially-available ASR systems to recognize weather phrases during GA operations and (2) determine whether speech-to-noise (S/N) ratio, flight phase, and accent type modulate system performance. Overall, the highest accuracy percentage achieved by any system was 72%, …
Assessing Human-System Resilience Potential Throughout The Development Lifecycle*, Amy L. Alexander, Dan Herschler
Assessing Human-System Resilience Potential Throughout The Development Lifecycle*, Amy L. Alexander, Dan Herschler
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
We worked with subject matter experts to create a human-system resilience checklist that can be utilized during Independent Operational Assessments (IOAs) of air traffic control systems as part of the system acquisition process. The checklist focuses on four key areas for evaluating human-system resilience characteristics: procedures, system use, workload, and training. A resilience scoring method indicates areas where a human-machine system under consideration does or does not have resilient characteristics. Overall resilience scores can be compared among design alternatives, or across different points in system development for a particular design. The ultimate intent is to provide guidance and metrics that …
The Nasa Matb-Ii Predicts Prospective Memory Performance During Complex Simulated Flight, Kathleen Van Benthem, Caitlin Shanahan, Chunyun Ma, Adam Fraser, Chris M. Herman
The Nasa Matb-Ii Predicts Prospective Memory Performance During Complex Simulated Flight, Kathleen Van Benthem, Caitlin Shanahan, Chunyun Ma, Adam Fraser, Chris M. Herman
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
Prospective memory is essential for flight, where failures can result in incorrect flight control settings, leading to loss of life and equipment. Furthermore, prospective memory is highly-sensitive to pilot age, cognition, and experience. This research reports on the relation of the NASA Multi-Attribute Test Battery-II (MATB-II) to prospective memory during simulated VFR flight (N=51). Prospective memory was indexed with specialized radio calls that were associated with non-focal visual cues. Linear regression models examined the relative association of MATB-II variables to prospective memory in low and high workloads. System monitoring, psychomotor tracking, and resource management, generally at higher difficulty levels, were …
Simulating Human-Robot Teamwork Dynamics For Evaluation Of Work Strategies In Human-Robot Teams, Martijin Ijtsma, Sean Ye, Karen M. Feigh, Amy Pritchett
Simulating Human-Robot Teamwork Dynamics For Evaluation Of Work Strategies In Human-Robot Teams, Martijin Ijtsma, Sean Ye, Karen M. Feigh, Amy Pritchett
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
To foster resilience in teams operating in complex work domains, design should allow for a range of work strategies as appropriate to context. This paper describes how computational simulation and network visualization of a team’s work can identify feasible work strategies and assess their appropriateness for different contexts. Network visualizations can identify constraints and dependencies that drive the feasible set of work strategies. After preliminary network analysis, these dependencies and inter-dependencies can be simulated in detail to better understand their impact. To illustrate, we describe a case study that explores two different work strategies that can each address the dependencies …
Resilience And Safety For In-Time Monitoring, Prediction, And Mitigation Of Emergent Risks In Commercial Aviation, Jon Holbrook, Lawrence J. Prinzell Iii, Michael J. Stewart, Brian E. Smith, Bryan L. Matthews
Resilience And Safety For In-Time Monitoring, Prediction, And Mitigation Of Emergent Risks In Commercial Aviation, Jon Holbrook, Lawrence J. Prinzell Iii, Michael J. Stewart, Brian E. Smith, Bryan L. Matthews
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
Safety in aviation has been historically defined in terms of the occurrence of accidents or recognized risks; that is, safety is typically defined in terms of things that go wrong. An alternative and complementary approach is to focus on what goes right, and identify how to make that happen again. Focusing on the rare cases of failures attributed to “human error” provides little information about why human performance almost always goes right. Similarly, focusing on the lack of safety provides limited information about how to improve safety. This work builds upon a growing literature on resilience engineering and new approaches …
Safety Attitude And Risk Perception Among Air Passengers: A Cross-Regional Study, Abaid Ur Rehman, You Xuqun
Safety Attitude And Risk Perception Among Air Passengers: A Cross-Regional Study, Abaid Ur Rehman, You Xuqun
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
The present study examined the safety attitude and risk perception among Air passengers at cross-regional levels. Moreover, the study also examined the differences in terms of safety briefing in the cabin. Although the Federal Aviation Administration and The international Air transport association has done much work on safety in cabin regarding air passengers, there is still the challenge to know to how to gain safety behavior of air passengers, particularly when they represent multicultural backgrounds. A sample of 700 air passengers with an average age of 26.5 was collected from three international airports in China. In this research, we used …
Designing Military Cockpits To Support A Broad Range Of Personnel Body Sizes, Summer Lindsey, H. C. Neil Ganey, Meredith Carroll
Designing Military Cockpits To Support A Broad Range Of Personnel Body Sizes, Summer Lindsey, H. C. Neil Ganey, Meredith Carroll
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
The Joint Primary Aircraft Training System (JPATS) body size cases provide aircraft designers access to representative Airmen anthropometric dimensions based on a database of air force personnel. To ensure new aircraft can support a broad range of pilot body sizes, designers can reference JPATS case numbers to assure adequate access to specific controls and clearances for ejection. JPATS cases 1 and 7 were added in response to the Air Force’s goal to accommodate 95% of males and females. However, given that someone at the 90th percentile height may not have 90th percentile arm length, a far smaller percentage of accommodation …
Drone Acceptance And Noise Concerns - Some Findings, Hinnerk Eißfeldt, Verena Vogelpohl
Drone Acceptance And Noise Concerns - Some Findings, Hinnerk Eißfeldt, Verena Vogelpohl
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
Drones are becoming ever more present in public perception. Ranging from parcel delivery to wildlife protection, from precision farming to law enforcement, and from industrial inspection to digital fireworks, many applications are said to have market changing potential. Against this background, nations and institutions around the world are trying to keep up with the dynamic development concerning rules and regulations. Since all of the parties involved anticipate a strong increase in both the number of drones and their range of uses, there is a rising interest in the acceptance of civil drones in the public. Widespread public acceptance can promote …
Evaluation Of Uas Operator Training During Search And Surveillance Tasks, Pratusha Reddy, Dale Richards, Hurtulus Izzetoglu
Evaluation Of Uas Operator Training During Search And Surveillance Tasks, Pratusha Reddy, Dale Richards, Hurtulus Izzetoglu
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
Unmanned aircraft system (UAS) sensor operators are typically required to execute search and surveillance tasks. Brain-in-the-loop measures during such tasks can help evaluate expertise development and cognitive capacities of the operator, which can be an important asset in designing adaptive and personalized training systems. Emergence of functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) has enabled monitoring of operators’ prefrontal cortex (PFC) area, which is associated with higher level cognitive functioning such as decisionmaking, problem-solving, working memory and attention in everyday working environments. In a previous sensor operator training study, we investigated and reported preliminary evidence suggesting that fNIRS measures acquired from the …