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Articles 1351 - 1380 of 1465
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
A Comparative Analysis Of Prompting And Stimulus Shaping Procedures For Teaching Visual-Motor Skills To Retarded Children, Mark David Mosk
A Comparative Analysis Of Prompting And Stimulus Shaping Procedures For Teaching Visual-Motor Skills To Retarded Children, Mark David Mosk
Digitized Theses
Behavior modification research has shown that commonly employed prompting procedures may not be the most effective means of facilitating acquisition of visual discrimination skills in retarded children. Researchers have identified stimulus shaping as a successful procedure for teaching such skills. In this procedure, the topographical stimulus configuration of a task is gradually changed over trials. The initial discrimination is made easy, and then gradually becomes more difficult as training progresses. It is presently unclear whether or not a stimulus shaping procedure might be effective in enhancing learning on visual-motor tasks. The purpose of this thesis was to compare the relative …
Aspects Of Intentional Explanation, Neil A. Farnsworth
Aspects Of Intentional Explanation, Neil A. Farnsworth
Digitized Theses
A complete cognitive science will include generalizations explanatory of human behavior which refer to certain internal states of human agents. We investigate various issues in the foundations of cognitive science arising from this observation. In particular, it is argued that the taxonomic descriptions of behavior which occur in generalizations over behavioral types are intentional, i.e. such descriptions of behavior must respect the semantic contents of the mental states which produce behavior. This principle provides the basis for an argument for the ineliminability of a semantic component from a completed psychological theory. The concept of intentional explanation is examined and it …
Tracing The Thread: The Image Of The Labyrinth In Selected Novels By Wilkie Collins, Charles Dickens And Joseph Sheridan Le Fanu, David Philip Gates
Tracing The Thread: The Image Of The Labyrinth In Selected Novels By Wilkie Collins, Charles Dickens And Joseph Sheridan Le Fanu, David Philip Gates
Digitized Theses
This thesis will explore the image of the labyrinth and its use as a metaphor for the theme of ritual initiation in selected novels by Wilkie Collins, Charles Dickens, and Joseph Sheridan Le Fanu. In terms of its mythic interpretation, an aspect which as yet has not been examined at length by critics of Victorian fiction, the labyrinth or maze has significance beyond its Gothic and urban associations. Chapter One looks at the use of the image in the settings of several novels, the London of Oliver Twist, The Old Curiosity Shop, Barnaby Rudge, and Bleak House, and the labyrinthine …
An Examination Of The Strength And Locus Of Interim Activities During Periods Of Nonreinforcement On Various Simple And Multiple Schedules Of Food Reinforcement, Barbara Elizabeth Mann
An Examination Of The Strength And Locus Of Interim Activities During Periods Of Nonreinforcement On Various Simple And Multiple Schedules Of Food Reinforcement, Barbara Elizabeth Mann
Digitized Theses
Three experiments were conducted to investigate Staddon's account of interim activities as induced behaviors which occur at times when a reinforcer is unlikely to be delivered (S('-) times). These experiments examined Staddon's S('-) interpretation of interim behavior by studying drinking and wheel running on various simple and multiple schedules of food reinforcement.;Experiments 1 and 2 were concerned with Staddon's contention that drinking is a representative interim activity which is occasioned by the unavailability of food rather than by the presence of food per se or its ingestion. Contrary to other accounts of schedule-induced polydipsia, this interpretation infers that the link …
The Use Of Visual Recognition Testing In Spelling By Fourth Grade Children, David Wilton Batstone
The Use Of Visual Recognition Testing In Spelling By Fourth Grade Children, David Wilton Batstone
Digitized Theses
According to Simon and Simon (1973), much of a child's spelling knowledge can only be retrieved from memory storage when written spellings are available as retrieval cues. A child who cannot immediately recall a correct spelling, therefore, may be able to make a decision by writing out trial spellings and 'testing' them for recognition.;Five experiments were conducted to test Simon's model. The results of Experiments 1 and 2, in accordance with the model, showed that fourth-grade children were able to recognize whether or not their own spelling attempts were correct, and to discriminate between correct and incorrect spellings of words …
A Test Of The Cognitive Triad In Beck's Cognitive Theory Of Depression, Donna Elaine Giles
A Test Of The Cognitive Triad In Beck's Cognitive Theory Of Depression, Donna Elaine Giles
Digitized Theses
Depressed individuals are assumed to distort perceptions of self, world and future systematically and negatively (Beck, 1967; 1974). These distortions are also presumed to be consistent across situations. To date, only single components of the triad have been directly investigated and there have been no comparisons of perceptions between situations. The validity of the cognitive distortion assumption and its generalizability across impersonal and interpersonal tasks were examined in this research.;To test the specificity of the cognitive theory of depression, the negative distortion assumption was studied in groups of depressed female psychiatric inpatients (n = 24), nondepressed female psychiatric inpatients (n …
Item Subtlety, Face Validity And The Structured Assessment Of Psychopathology, Ronald Robert Holden
Item Subtlety, Face Validity And The Structured Assessment Of Psychopathology, Ronald Robert Holden
Digitized Theses
The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of two concepts of disguise in the structured self-report assessment of psychopathology. Using the Basic Personality Inventory with samples of university students, a distinction was made between the concepts of face validity and item subtlety. Face validity was viewed as the contextual relevance of structured test items whereas item subtlety was conceptualized as the lack of an obvious substantive link between test item content and its underlying construct. Under normal test-taking conditions where honest self-report was encouraged, greater face validity and lower levels of subtlety were associated empirically with …
The Diagnostic Use Of Geometric Form-Copying Tests: An Investigation Of Normal Kindergarten And Learning Disabled Children's Error Production, Gerard Klein
Digitized Theses
Geometric form-copying tests are widely used in the diagnosis of children with perceptual difficulties, based on the assumption that incorrect reproductions result from perceptual deficits. The research presented in this thesis, undertaken to investigate children's copying errors, not only seriously questions this assumption but also suggests an alternative explanation for the production of these errors.;Using designs from the Bender Visual-Motor Gestalt Test, Benton Revised Visual Retention Test, and McCarthy Scale of Children's Ability, it was found that both normal kindergarten and learning disabled children did not consistently produce the same categories of error, nor did they incorrectly reproduce designs in …
Forgetting Of Visual Discriminations By Pigeons, Philipp James Kraemer
Forgetting Of Visual Discriminations By Pigeons, Philipp James Kraemer
Digitized Theses
A series of three experiments examined the forgetting of visual discriminations in pigeons. The problems consisted of feature discriminations, with dot displays as the discriminative stimuli, and involved a successive go/no-go pecking-response. It was found in all three experiments that pigeons that had been trained to refrain from pecking an S- display, resumed pecking at these displays after retention intervals. It was argued that these data represent the first unequivocal demonstration of forgetting of discriminations in pigeons.;In addition to the simple demonstration of forgetting, it was found in Experiment 1 that the amount of forgetting progressively increased, in a negatively …
Psychological Adjustment Among The Physically Disabled: The Role Of Social Support And Coping Strategies, Deborah Marcia Levin
Psychological Adjustment Among The Physically Disabled: The Role Of Social Support And Coping Strategies, Deborah Marcia Levin
Digitized Theses
Psychological adjustment is considered to be a critical component of overall adaptation to physical disability. Research has consistently shown elevated rates of psychological distress among the disabled yet factors that influence variations in psychological adjustment among the disabled have not been firmly established. This study examines the influence of two factors--social support and coping strategies--on psychological adjustment among the disabled.;Respondents for the study were obtained through a stratified multi-stage clustering technique. Screening interviews were conducted at more than 11,000 households in Southwestern Ontario, and from the screenings 1509 persons with physical disabilities were identified. Nine hundred ninety five of these …
Preserving Sequential Order: Goal-Directed Processing And Social-Cognitive Consequences, Charles Douglas Mccann
Preserving Sequential Order: Goal-Directed Processing And Social-Cognitive Consequences, Charles Douglas Mccann
Digitized Theses
Three studies were conducted to examine issues concerning the preservation of original stimulus input order in memory and its effects on subsequent judgments. More specifically, the studies were concerned with: (a) the extent to which the sequential order of input is preserved in memory under different processing goals or objectives, and (b) the implications of this for social judgment. The processing objectives of 'impression formation' and 'recall' were employed in all three studies (along with 'no-goal' control groups in Studies 2 and 3). In Study 1, after reading a descriptive essay concerning the behaviors of a stimulus person, subjects were …
Behavioral Consistency And Individual Differences In Predictive Structure, Sampo Vilho Paunonen
Behavioral Consistency And Individual Differences In Predictive Structure, Sampo Vilho Paunonen
Digitized Theses
Psychological research has frequently been directed at evaluating the predictive utility of personality assessments with respect to various behavioural criteria. Bem and Allen (1974) have advocated an approach to maximizing the convergences of various modes of personality assessment which is based on the identification of behaviourally consistent and predictable individuals along specific trait dimensions. The measured behavioural consistency for individuals was used as an independent moderator variable, influencing the correlations between predictor and criterion measures of personality. Individuals who identified themselves as being consistent for a particular behavioural domain were shown by Bem and Allen to be more predictable than …
The Structure Of Associative Memory Traces: A Mathematical Analysis Of Learning Associative Clusters, Mark Lebas Howe
The Structure Of Associative Memory Traces: A Mathematical Analysis Of Learning Associative Clusters, Mark Lebas Howe
Digitized Theses
Two theories of associative memory that differ in the hypothesized structure of the memory trace (multiple independent traces or a single unitary trace) and in the way in which these representations are acquired (gradual strengthening or all-or-none) were examined in the context of a list-learning task. The associative, or multiple trace theory, characterizes memorial representation as a series of distinct memory locations that are independently linked together. Acquisition proceeds by continuously incrementing the strength of interconcept links. The Gestalt, or unitary trace theory, on the other hand, characterizes memorial representation as a single unitary structure. According to this model, acquisition …
Inferential Judgment And Implicit Theory Of Psychopathology, David Wai-Ock Chan
Inferential Judgment And Implicit Theory Of Psychopathology, David Wai-Ock Chan
Digitized Theses
No abstract provided.
Electrically Elicited Feeding: Dissociation From 'Natural' Feeding And Catecholamine Involvement, Jan Don Cioe
Electrically Elicited Feeding: Dissociation From 'Natural' Feeding And Catecholamine Involvement, Jan Don Cioe
Digitized Theses
No abstract provided.
Synonymity And Concreteness Effects On Free Recall And Free Association: Implications For A Theory Of Semantic Memory, James Michael Clark
Synonymity And Concreteness Effects On Free Recall And Free Association: Implications For A Theory Of Semantic Memory, James Michael Clark
Digitized Theses
No abstract provided.
A Multidimensional Approach To Personality Inventory Responding, Edward Helmes
A Multidimensional Approach To Personality Inventory Responding, Edward Helmes
Digitized Theses
No abstract provided.
Autogenic Relaxation And Hand Temperature Biofeedback For Migraine, Barton Allen Jessup
Autogenic Relaxation And Hand Temperature Biofeedback For Migraine, Barton Allen Jessup
Digitized Theses
No abstract provided.
Occupational Cognition, Experience, Satisfaction And Self: Teacher Trainees' Vocational Self Constructs, Kerry Julian Klostermann
Occupational Cognition, Experience, Satisfaction And Self: Teacher Trainees' Vocational Self Constructs, Kerry Julian Klostermann
Digitized Theses
No abstract provided.
Prose Processing: A Chronometric Study Of The Effects Of Imagability, Marc Marschark
Prose Processing: A Chronometric Study Of The Effects Of Imagability, Marc Marschark
Digitized Theses
No abstract provided.
Determinants Of Time Allocation In Concurrent Random-Time Schedules, William Greig Newby
Determinants Of Time Allocation In Concurrent Random-Time Schedules, William Greig Newby
Digitized Theses
No abstract provided.
Processes In The Understanding And Improvement Of Clinical Judgments: Labels And Other Biases In Inferential Accuracy, Michael Joseph Paquin
Processes In The Understanding And Improvement Of Clinical Judgments: Labels And Other Biases In Inferential Accuracy, Michael Joseph Paquin
Digitized Theses
No abstract provided.
Brainstem Influences On Hippocampal And Neocortical Slow Wave Activation During Waking Behavior And Sleep, Terrance Earl Robinson
Brainstem Influences On Hippocampal And Neocortical Slow Wave Activation During Waking Behavior And Sleep, Terrance Earl Robinson
Digitized Theses
No abstract provided.
The Role Of Catecholaminergic And Non-Catecholaminergic Mechanisms In Self-Stimulation Of Forebrain Sites In The Rat, Ann Margaret Robertson
The Role Of Catecholaminergic And Non-Catecholaminergic Mechanisms In Self-Stimulation Of Forebrain Sites In The Rat, Ann Margaret Robertson
Digitized Theses
No abstract provided.
Dimensions Of Causal Attribution For Success And Failure: A Multivariate Investigation, John Peter Meyer
Dimensions Of Causal Attribution For Success And Failure: A Multivariate Investigation, John Peter Meyer
Digitized Theses
No abstract provided.
The Influence Of Trait Anxiety And Feedback Message On Client Self-Disclosing Behavior, Self-Reported And Behavioral Anxiety In Videotape Self-Confrontation (Videotape Feedback), Barry Michael Stein
The Influence Of Trait Anxiety And Feedback Message On Client Self-Disclosing Behavior, Self-Reported And Behavioral Anxiety In Videotape Self-Confrontation (Videotape Feedback), Barry Michael Stein
Digitized Theses
No abstract provided.
Conceptual Level And Degree Of Structured Supervision: Implications For Microtraining, Kathleen Mary Berg
Conceptual Level And Degree Of Structured Supervision: Implications For Microtraining, Kathleen Mary Berg
Digitized Theses
No abstract provided.
An Experimental Analysis Of The Relationship Between Receptive And Productive Language Acquisition In Developmentally-Delayed Children, Martha Perry Keller
An Experimental Analysis Of The Relationship Between Receptive And Productive Language Acquisition In Developmentally-Delayed Children, Martha Perry Keller
Digitized Theses
No abstract provided.
Patient-Therapist Value Congruence And Rating Of Client Improvement, Janie Lilia Martini
Patient-Therapist Value Congruence And Rating Of Client Improvement, Janie Lilia Martini
Digitized Theses
No abstract provided.
Perceptions Of Success And Failure: An Attributional Analysis, Ken Francis Scapinello
Perceptions Of Success And Failure: An Attributional Analysis, Ken Francis Scapinello
Digitized Theses
No abstract provided.