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The Effects Of Mechanically-Delivered Human-Delivered Reinforcement And Human-Delivered Reinforcement On Intrinsic Interest, Duangkaew Ungsrithong

Masters Theses

The objective of this study was to compare the effects of mechanically-delivered and human-delivered reinforcement on the performance of intrinsically interesting tasks. The study used a multiple-trial within-subject comparison design in which two reinforcement phases (a human-delivered reinforcement and a mechanically-delivered reinforcement phase) were alternated with two post-reinforcement phases. Three of the four subjects did not show performance decrements following mechanically-delivered reinforcement while three did show decrements following human-delivered reinforcement. These data indicate that post-reinforcement decrements may be more likely when reinforcement is delivered socially, suggesting that such decrements may not be due to the reinforcers per se but to …

A Comparison Of Retail Sales Performance Under Individual And Group Quota Systems, Karen Beth Bishop

Masters Theses

The research goal of this study was to determine if changing from an individual to a group quota system changed variability in sales performance. Data were collected within three branches of the company. Within subject and within group variances were calculated using salesclerk's sales figures. Three months of 1986 represented individual quota figures, while the same three months of 1987 represented group quota figures. Results of the within group variance found two departments had a variance decrease and one department had a variance increase. Cumulative sales for both systems found decreases in sales using the group quota system for two …

Possible Role Of Petroliferous Materials In Sulfide Precipitation At The Frank R. Millikan Mine, Southeast Missouri, Clark Alan Niewendorp

Masters Theses

The Millikan Mine's ore body contains ubiquitous amounts of petroliferous materials occurring as blebs, coal-like pods and veinlets, and seeps coating mine stope walls. Emplacement of hydrocarbons into the ore occurred before the final episode of mineralization ceased, based on growth of dendritic galena in some coal-like bitumen and other paragenetic relationships. Growth of dendritic galena in a hydrocarbon substance suggests that hydrocarbons provided sulfur for galena mineralization by either abiogenetic reduction of sulfate or thermochemical evolution of organic sulfur. Texturally, it also suggests that the presence of hydrocarbons may have been responsible for some zones of rapid precipitate mineralization. …

Wmu Board Of Trustees Regular Meeting July 31, 1987, Wmu Board Of Trustees

WMU Board of Trustees Meetings

• Acceptance of the Agenda
• Approval of the Minutes
• Correspondence
• Remarks by the President
• Executive Session
• WMU-AAUP Contract
• Gift Report
• Grant Report
• Personnel Report
• Resolution re First of America Bank Account
• Recommendation re Insurance Facility Participation
• Recommendation re Wilbur Street Property (Seward)
• Recommendation re Fall Semester 1987 Tuition Schedule
• Resolution re Liquor License
• Recommendation re Establishment of Department of Aircraft and Automotive Engineering in the College of Engineering and Applied Sciences
• Board Committee Reports
• Public Comments
• Lunch Recess
• Presentation re New College of Business Building
• Adjournment

Western News, July 30, 1987, Western Michigan University

Western News (1972-2018)

Story highlights: Terms of tentative agreement released, Joint program launched to offer WMU doctorate at NMU, Grant to support research on Iran

Western News, July 16, 1987, Western Michigan University

Western News (1972-2018)

Story highlights: WMU given fair treatment in appropriations process, Researchers seek input on packaging, Western offers courses through Malaysian college

Western News, July 2, 1987, Western Michigan University

Western News (1972-2018)

Story highlights: Board tables motion for 9 percent tuition increase, AAUP negotiations begin this week, Nigerian sculptor in residence here, Krawutschke is new department head, Board promotes 27 faculty members

Emergent Literacy: Avoiding The Plateau Effect, William T. Fagan

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

The topic of emergent literacy has been quite prominent in the field of reading within the past few years. There is no doubt that literacy begins to emerge within the home; in fact, many children come to school already readers (Clark, 1976; Durkin, 1982; Lass, 1982). The literature is also replete with information regarding how this literacy takes place (Cockran-Smith, 1984; Doake, 1981; Ninio and Bruner, 1978; Snow, 1983; Teale, 1981). A significant literacy event in the home is story reading. However, the significance of this event as a factor in literacy development is not due to its existence but …

Article Index

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

Index to articles in volume 27.

Evaluation/Testing Procedures In Reading, Elene S. Demos

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

This is the second in a series of four articles devoted to parents and reading. The first article described typical school reading programs and illustrated the key ingredients of each. This article treats the evaluation and testing procedures that schools use in the area of reading.

Action Book Nursery Rhymes And Favorite Tales, Gerry Bohning, Margie Radencich

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

Action books of rhymes and tales are well suited for use with young children to help develop J:: rereading skills and foster a lively interest in books. It is the purpose of this article to present a rationale and guidelines for using action book nursery rhymes and favorite tales with preschool and kindergarten children. A booklist has been compiled to assist parents and teachers in choosing a resource collection.

Reading Horizons Vol. 27, No. 4

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

Complete issue of Reading Horizons volume 27, issue 4.

Infusing Writing Activities Into College Reading, Laureen C. Cate, Charles E. Heermann

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

This study sought to measure the effects from infusing writing components into a university reading laboratory. Together, the writing components displaced 30% of the regular reading instructional time. With this level of infusion we had four research concerns. First, we wanted to know if the writing infused group would make significant gains in reading. Second, we wanted to know how the writing-infused group fared in reading gains when compared to the other groups where reading was the sole mode of inst ruction. Third, we asked the writing-infused students how useful they felt the writing activities were to their reading development. …

Integrating Reading And Writing: The Drwa, Elizabeth H. Saikey, Margaret A. Cagney

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

The Directed Reading-Writing Activity (DRWA) described in this article provides a framework that will help them write about the information acquired through reading.

Author Index

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

Index to authors in volume 27.

Second Language Learners: Their Special Needs In Content Area Reading, Viola Flores, Nancy Hadaway

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

Often teachers working with limited English Proficient (LEP), or non-English speaking individuals are at a loss as to how to help them succeed in the heavily content oriented secondary school. These students are more likely to encounter academic frustrations and retention; and as a result, they are more likely to drop out of school (Steinburg, Blinde, and Chan, 1984). Thus, teachers should consider developing strategies for effectively working with LEP students.

Teachers' Reactions To The Basal Reading Series Approach, Patricia K. Smith, Martin Saltz

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

Since the advent of the McGuffy Readers, published between 1836 and 1844, basal reading series have increased in popularity, becoming the predominant approach to reading instruction. Chall (1967), Aukerman (1981), along with other educators, reported that 80 to 95% of classroom teachers used one or more basal series for reading inst ruction. A recent nationwide study by Smith/Saltz (1985) showed an increasing number of teachers, 95.4%, were using one or more basal series in their classrooms.

As a follow-up to the 1985 study, the authors asked classroom teachers who participated in the original survey to answer four brief background questions …

Wmu Board Of Trustees Regular Meeting June 19, 1987, Wmu Board Of Trustees

WMU Board of Trustees Meetings

• Acceptance of the Agenda
• Approval of the Minutes
• Correspondence
• Remarks by the President
• Gift Report
• Grant Report
• Personnel Report
• Recommendation re Revised 1986/87 General Fund Operating Budget
• Recommendation re Continuation of 1986/87 Budget into 1987/88
• Recommendation re Fall Semester 1987 Tuition Schedule
• Resolution re Liability Insurance Facility
• Recommendation re Addendum to Lease for Department of Corrections for Space Located at Linda Richards Building
• Resolution re First of America Loan
• Recommendation re Fraternity and Sorority Lease Renewals
• Recommendation re Islam Center Property Option
• Board Committee Reports
• Public Comments
• Executive Session
• Adjournment
• General Fund Budget 1986/87
• Remarks by President Diether H. Haenicke

Western News, June 18, 1987, Western Michigan University

Western News (1972-2018)

Story highlights: Powell; Stevens to receive service awards Saturday, Lansing budget picture less rosy; Dennison reports, Buildings scheduled for improvements this summer, Corporate crime most expensive and deadly of all; says criminologist, Montgomery selected for summer institute, Book chronicles African history

Pathways To Fulfillment: Faculty Recognition Dinner 1987, Western Michigan University

Faculty Recognition

Pathways To Fulfillment

Faculty Recognition Dinner

June 6, 1987

Our Honored Guests:

• Frederick S. Bailey
• James R. Bliss
• Samuel I. Clark
• Paul E. Czuchna
• George G. Dales
• Philip S. Denenfeld
• D. P. S. Dwarikesh
• Richard E. Embertson
• Wallace F. Fillingham
• Daniel J. Fleischhacker
• Caryl P. Freeman
• Jack J. Frey
• Rex E. Hall
• Thomas C. Hardie
• Marjorie K. Ho
• Oscar H. Horst
• Gilbert R. Hutchings
• Maynard L. Kaufman
• Alice Kavanaugh
• Bruce A. Lloyd
• Reinhold Loeffler
• Cornelius Loew
• William M. McCabe
• Joseph C. McCully
• J. Donald Neill
• Roy Olton
• George Osmun
• Jack C. Plano
• Leo S. Rayl, Jr.
• Charles G. Risher
• Carl …

Western News, June 4, 1987, Western Michigan University

Western News (1972-2018)

Story highlights: Two awarded Fulbright Grants, More students planning to attend orientation, Transistor researcher to be visiting scholar, legislation would help women workers' productivity, Three contribute to religion encyclopedia, Isaak writes introductory book on politics, WMU is clearinghouse for TV information

The Socializer, June 1987, Department Of Sociology

The Socializer

Volume 1, Number 26 of the Socializer, published June, 1987.

Feminist Theory Especially Recommended For Teaching

Medieval Feminist Forum: A Journal of Gender and Sexuality

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Anthraquinone In The Kraft Pulping Process, Carl W. Stoll

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Due to current attitudes arid regulations concerning the odorous emission of mercaptans from the Kraft pulping process, new technology must be developed to enable the process to be run at lower sulfide levels. The use of cyclic-keto compounds, as pulping catalyst, could be a major step in the reduction of sulfide levels in Kraft pulping, while acting to increase the pulping yield through a mechanism that stabilizes the carbohydrates during the process and catalyzes delignification.

The objective of this research project is to evaluate the performance of one cyclic keto compound that has recently received the attention of many researchers …

The Westerner Vol. 7 No. 6, Western Michigan University

The Westerner (1980-1997)

• Two engineering programs added to regional offerings • Thirty-seven faculty members retire during 1986-87 after many years of dedicated service • Appointment of development administrator announced • Ten more prestigious Medallion Scholarships announced •and awarded • Michigan Bell executive named 1986 'volunteer of the year' • Endowed lectureship created • Having a will insures that your wishes are carried out • Seasons end for three sports; Western' s athletes turn in fine performances • Among Alumni • Planning is well on the way for Homecoming • Class of 1962 schedules silver anniversary reunion in conjunction with Homecoming • Alumnotes …

The Certification Of Training And Development Professionals: Employers' Perception Of Problem Prevalence And Certification's Efficacy, Susan Lynn Atchison-Day

Dissertations

The certification of training and development (HRD) professionals is under consideration by professional training associations. Certification programs can be advantageous; however, they are also costly and present potentially undesirable side effects. Therefore, verifying the worth of a certification program is a logical prerequisite to design and implementation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the problems for which intervention, through a certification program, might be needed and the ability of certification to meet the need.

This study gathered data to determine whether companies: (a) had experienced common problems for which certification might be a solution; (b) viewed certification as …

A Study Of Stress Factors Related To The Attrition Of Christian Reformed Church Missionary Personnel In A West African Work Environment, Dirk W. Vander Steen

Dissertations

Missionary attrition is a costly experience for North American mission boards. Debilitating stress, related to resignations and early withdrawal of missionaries has led to human suffering on the part of missionaries and financial losses for those who sponsor the mission overseas.

This study investigated the factors that were stressful for missionaries of the Christian Reformed Church that worked in West Africa and attempted to identify those stress factors that are primarily responsible for missionary attrition. Previous research, with other missions on other continents provided the basis for identifying factors related to missionary stress. A Likert-like scale was used to measure …

An Assessment Of The Counseling Services Provided To Juvenile Delinquents In Jordan Through The Perceptions Of Juvenile Probation Officers And Administrators, Ahmad Suleiman Zaghalil

Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to investigate the present status of counseling services provided to juvenile delinquents in Jordan. More specifically, this study focused on the characteristics, priorities, major strengths and weaknesses, problems of counseling services provided to juvenile delinquents, portion of time spent in counseling juvenile delinquents individually and in groups, as perceived by juvenile probation officers and administrators in Jordan, and the academic courses studied by both groups which helped them to practice the profession of counseling with juvenile delinquents.

The subjects for this study consisted of 28 juvenile probation officers and 10 administrators. A questionnaire developed …

Treatment Of Spasticity Via Transcranial Electrical Stimulation In Persons With Cerebral Palsy And Severe Mental Retardation, George A. Thompson Jr.

Dissertations

Although the clinical manifestations of cerebral palsy are many and varied, spasticity is a common aspect of the disorder, observed in as many as 75% of all cases (Paneth & Kiely, 1984). A double-blind and placebo-controlled and counter balanced reversal design was employed to evaluate the effectiveness of transcranial electrical stimulation (TCS) in the treatment of spastic cerebral palsy in six severely mentally impaired individuals. Although there appeared to be some improvement from pre to post measures, a comparison of the placebo and treatment conditions yielded results indicating that transcranial electrical stimulation did not increase the passive range of motion …

The Evolution Of Text Formatting Languages, Dirk Herr-Hoyman

Masters Theses

Text, as seen in books and magazines, can take on three forms: string, graphic (two-dimensional), and image (digitized pictures). Text formatting processes text into a representation suitable for printing. Since a printer is really a computer, this representation is machine code for the printer. ASCII is one such code.

Six historically significant text formatting languages are surveyed: Runoff, Troff, TeX, Bravo, Scribe, and Postscript. The emphasis is on the text types available and the code generated. The main evolutionary forces are the changes in printers. Comparisons are made with programming languages.

Each of the six languages has ASCII as its …