Digital Commons Network^™

Western News, June 18, 1992, Western Michigan University

Western News (1972-2018)

Story highlights: Haenicke extends deadline for unions, 'reluctantly' imposes hiring freeze, Nearly 3,200 to receive degrees at commencement; Wolpe to be presented with honorary doctorate, Jones appointed as director of the annual fund, WMU engineer uses math modeling techniques to project spread of AIDS, Cudney co-writes book on self-defeating behaviors, Schmidt wins Fulbright Scholar Award to study mountain region in north central Argentina, Weaver contributes to new volume on 'whole language'

Western News, June 4, 1992, Western Michigan University

Western News (1972-2018)

Story highlights: Spring enrollment is highest in 17 years, Nursing program put on hold untilfall1993 due to fiscal constraints, Scholars to explore communication ethics at national conference June 11-14 on Gull Lake, More than 180 mathematicians on campus for international conference on graph theory, Sculpture Tour Program will expose University community to diverse artwork, Engels honored for success on the court, Link connects art history with computer technology

Cooperative Grouping In Literacy Instruction, Katherine D. Wiesendanger, Lois Bader

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

The purposes of this paper are to describe cooperative grouping, to explain how the transition may be made to cooperative grouping, and to show how the process can be adapted to reading and writing instruction.

A Study Of Cooperative Learning At The High School Level, Lisabeth S. Margulus

Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to answer the following research questions:

1. Which teacher skills are necessary to implement effective teamwork in a classroom?

2. What kind of learning environment is optimal for implementing effective teamwork in a classroom?

3. In classrooms using teamwork, does greater student achievement occur than in classrooms not using teamwork?

The study outlined the specific teacher skills and described the optimal learning environment for implementing cooperative strategies in high school classrooms. To address the third question , an experimental study was conducted in which sixty-four 10th-,11th-, and 12th-grade Business Applications and Technology students in …

Prediction Of Paper Color: A Process Simulation Approach, Mayank Chaturvedi

Masters Theses

A simulation model was developed for a dye mixing process and for the prediction of the optical properties of the paper. The model was integrated with the MAPPS (Modular Analysis of Pulp and Paper Systems) simulation software package. The model was validated using dyed handsheets made in a laboratory and dyed paper made on a pilot papermachine. Validation comprised of prediction of the optical properties of the handsheets and the machine-made paper which contained various combinations of three non-fluorescent dyes. Sheet reflectances were predicted at 20 nanometer intervals for discrete light wavelength range of 400 to 700 nanometers and verified …

Common Moment Sets Of Complementary Graphs, Hang Chen

Dissertations

Two sequences of nonnegative integers have the k^th common moment if they have equal sums of k^th powers. We intend to study common moment sets of the degree sequences of complementary graphs, and similarly, of the score sequences of complementary tournaments.

In Chapter I, we first study common moment sets of arbitrary sequences of nonnegative integers. Some basic concepts are introduced. The relations between characteristic functions and initial common moments are discovered. We extend Hua’s discussion of the Tarry-Escott problem. We conclude that any finite subset of nonnegative integers can be a common moment set of some sequences, and conversely, …

The Effect Of Associative Distance On The Formation Of Transitive Relations, Robert G. Brown Jr.

Dissertations

Three children, aged eight to eleven years, were taught a series of conditional discriminations using two classes of 26 abstract visual stimuli. The conditional relations were ordered such that the correct comparison stimuli of one relation served as the sample stimuli for the next relation. This allowed for the formation of a series of derived relations (both transitive and equivalence) that differed in terms of the number of intervening nodes. At regular intervals, the subjects' performances on the different transitive relations were tested using unreinforced probe trials.

All three subjects made virtually no errors on transitive relations containing up to …

Career Dynamics Of Counselor Trainee Stereotyping: Bias Toward Physical Ability, Social Class, Gender, And Race Of Clients, J. Stephen Neynaber

Dissertations

Three different attitude surveys, developed by the researcher, were administered to counselor trainees (N =200) at Western Michigan University: The Attitudes of Counselor Trainees (A.C.T.) Survey, Multicultural Beliefs Inhibiting Appropriate Support (M-B.I.A.S.) Survey, and Career Beliefs Inhibiting Appropriate Support (CB. LA.S.) Survey. A 24-item demographics questionnaire was administered to trainees (n =124) who completed the A.C.T. Survey. A six-items Likert scale produced significant effect (p < .05) on counselor trainees' ratings of clients' potential for career success: (1) Awareness of Personal Strengths and Weaknesses, (2) Goal Orientation, (3) Self-esteem, (4) Energy Level, (5) Participation in Extracurricular Activities, and (6) Level of Honesty.

Five client demographic oppression variables, which the review of literature documented to evince negative bias from counselors, were included in 16 hypothetical client scenarios: physical handicaps (viz., hearing impairment and paraplegia), female sex, African-Americans, low …

The Extent To Which The Career Guidance And Counseling Component Is Addressed In The Administration Of Tech Prep Programs, Linda Joan Kwasny

Dissertations

This study examined the career guidance and counseling component of tech prep projects that were being planned and implemented in Michigan during the 1990-91 school year. A survey was conducted of all eleven consortia operating funded tech prep projects to determine the involvement of secondary and post-secondary guidance professionals in tech prep planning, the extent of articulation of guidance services for regular and special populations tech prep students, and the nature and extent of the career guidance and counseling programs that were being planned for regular and special populations students.

The findings from this study indicate that for secondary and …

Sequential And Parallel Discrete Event Simulation On Computer Communication Networks, Tao Zhou

Masters Theses

This thesis presents the discrete event simulation technique on the network design, focusing on the methodology, modeling and implementation. The developed technique is suitable for the analysis of any store-and-forward computer communication networks with any level of complexity. The proposed generic simulation model can be used to test the architectures and protocols of existing networks and networks being designed. In implementation of the sequential discrete event simulation, an object-oriented programming strategy is applied to the network simulation using the C++ language. The parallel discrete event simulation is introduced to solve the problem of long time execution of the sequential simulation …

Maximal And Maximum Independent Sets In Graphs, Jiuqiang Liu

Dissertations

A maximal independent set of a graph G is an independent set which is not contained properly in any other independent set of G. An independent set is called maximum if it is of largest cardinality. Denote i(G) to be the number of maximal independent sets of G. These special sets and the parameter i(G) have interested many researchers leading to a number of properties and results. One of these is the determination of the maximum number of maximal independent sets among all graphs of order n, and the external graphs. In this investigation,we develop new properties for …

Synthesis Of Organometallic Polymers, Po-Chang Chiang

Masters Theses

By the middle of the nineteenth century, organic chemists found high molecular weight compounds as by-products of some of their experiments. These compounds were thought of as products of a failed reaction. It was not until sixty years ago that the first polymers were deliberately synthesized. Today polymers are used in almost every facet of life and they are becoming more important with each passing day.

This research project focused on synthesizing conducting organometallic polymers. By linking aromatic rings with transition metals, the resultant polymers should have good electrical conductivity because of the interaction of (a) the p electrons on …

Self-Efficacy And Academic Success Of Integrated And Segregated Emotionally Impaired Adolescents, Jerry William Davisson

Dissertations

In this study, levels of self-efficacy and levels of academic success of emotionally impaired adolescents in both integrated and segregated settings were analyzed. The data were analyzed to determine if placement setting (integrated or segregated) impact: self-efficiency levels, academic success levels, and the relationship between self-efficiency and academic success.

Subjects were selected from two junior high schools within Macomb County, Michigan. The integrated junior high educated emotionally impaired students with nonimpaired students and the segregated junior high educated emotionally impaired students with only other emotionally impaired students. Eleven students from the integrated junior high and 28 students from the segregated …

Double Differential Cross Sections For State-Selective Electron Capture By Low-Energy Ar4+ And Ar5+ Ions From He And Ar, Serefettin Yaltkaya

Masters Theses

Doubly differential cross sections, in angle and energy, for state-selective single-electron capture from He and Ar by Ar⁴⁺ and Ar⁵⁺ ions have been studied experimentally at laboratory impact energies of 25q, 50q, and lOOq eV (q = 4 and 5, where q is the ion charge state) and at laboratory scattering angles between 0° and 5.5°, by means of translational energy spectroscopy. The translational energy-gain spectra show that only a few final states are selectively populated. Final-state transition probabilities were found to depend strongly on the charge state of the projectile ion and the ionization potential of the …

Western News, May 21,1992, Western Michigan University

Western News (1972-2018)

Story highlights: Students win awards to conduct research with mentors, Douma to be recommended for post in Graduate College, New APA leadership will be introduced at May 22 meeting, University joins partnership in Battle Creek to assist with education reform movement, Reish to be named interim dean of honors college as Gabelnick accepts new post in California, Second edition of book by Northouses focuses on importance of communication in health care, Stoltman receives national recognition for contributions to educational video series

Mathematical Problem Solving: Changing Students' Attitudes Through The Use Of Heuristics, Lori Fulton

Honors Theses

Current research indicates that "...the teaching of problem solving is regarded by many as the most important and fundamental goal of school mathematics instruction" (Silver & Thompson, 1984). The fact that problem solving is considered a goal of mathematics instruction leads this writer to believe that the methodology involved should also be examined. In order to have successful programs both the teachers and the students must feel comfortable working with the problems. Past experience has made this writer aware that often this is not the case.

Western News, May 7,1992, Western Michigan University

Western News (1972-2018)

Story highlights: Congress marks 30 years of gathering medieval scholars, Acclaimed authors to present public readings at May 7-9 Third Coast Writers' Conference, Wolpe to receive honorary degree, Bid categories totaling nearly $15 million for recreation; athletics facilities approved by board; IS-month river education project will culminate with congress for students from 13 high schools, WMUK reaches $25,000 goal in first spring fund-raiser

The Westerner Vol. 12 No. 3, Western Michigan University

The Westerner (1980-1997)

• The future is here • The dedication for the new building housing Waldo Library and the University Computing Center • Charitable gift annuities can provide secure retirement income • The Campaign for Excellence • University News in Brief • Commencement brings honors and optimism • WMU practiced in greeting presidential contenders • Sophisticated technologies transform science fiction into reality • When I was your age, college meant lines, lectures, and science labs • Association chapter adds color to Chicago • Bike Vermont tour slated for August 14 through 16 • Look ma, hands-on learning • Businessman, student add new …

Science Education And The External Perspective On Science, William W. Cobern

Scientific Literacy and Cultural Studies Project

In Kuhnian terms, science education has been a process of inducting students into the reigning paradigms of science. While it may never have been explicit, the goals of science education clearly have been to persuade students that science provides a fairly constant, highly justified, and sufficient understanding of physical phenomena. In 1984, Duschl noted that science education had not kept pace with developments in the history and philosophy of science. Positivism was dethroned years ago and it turns out that factors surrounding discovery are at least as important as the justification of knowledge. Indeed, the entire concept of justification has …

Western News, April 16, 1992, Western Michigan University

Western News (1972-2018)

Story highlights: Biggest group of graduates in WMU history expected for commencement, National leaders in integrating arts into schools to speak at three-day conference here in May, Smith to be honored at BGSU commencement, Grant will finance Washington's own company, Women's Center seeks peer educators for fall

Western News, April 9, 1992, Western Michigan University

Western News (1972-2018)

Story highlights: Two faculty members; two students honored by MAGB, Candidates for dean to conduct forums, Brinkerhoff to weigh effectiveness of seminars offered to top level World Bank personnel, Alavi edits proceedings of graph conference, Smith hopes '60s activism creates math understanding, University connects Michigan citizens to variety of health and social services, Survey of Michigan teens shows substance abuse starts young; is above national average, Rural health project aims at student recruitment, University Substance Abuse Clinic thrives in off-campus location, Occupational therapist examines long-term recovery rates for carpal tunnel victims, Month-long exhibit tofeature historical artifacts from monastery founded in …

Western News, April 2, 1992, Western Michigan University

Western News (1972-2018)

Story highlights: Students help their peers achieve better grades through Supplemental Instruction Program, Page-Robin, Sharma elected to senate leadership, Survivor of Nazi twin experiments to relate her experiences, Poel leads project to better prepare elementary teachers

A Comparison Of Four Methods To Teach Complex Verbal Concepts Using A Computer-Assisted Instruction Program, John Byron Connors

Dissertations

This study compared four instructional programs which taught terminology in behavioral psychology using computer-assisted instruction (CAD with college students. The independent variable was the type of instruction presented by one of four CAI programs: (a) Rules Only, (b) Rules Plus Positive Examples, (c) Rules Plus Negative Examples, and (d) Rules Plus Positive and Negative Examples. The dependent variables were the: (a) pretest scores, (b) posttest scores, (c) 1-week delayed posttest scores, and (d) preference questionnaire scores. Using the pretest as a covariate, results approached significance (p=.07) on posttest scores only for the Rules Only and Rules Plus Positive Examples over …

Using Computerized Cinematography To Develop A Predictive Model Relating Muscle Stress And Wrist Movement, Joseph M. Kaczmar

Honors Theses

Workers in many jobs are required to perform the same tasks day after day. As a result of this repetitious work, many employees are developing what is know as Cumulative Trauma Disorders (CTD). There has been much research done on ways to prevent these disorders. Cumulative Trauma Disorders involving the wrist are of special concern. Repetitive motions and awkward positions of the wrist are a major cause of CTD's in the wrist. One such factor dealing with the posture is the angle between the hand and the forearm. In order to help limit the affects of CTD's of the wrist, …

Single And Double Ionization Of Helium By Highly Charged Sulfur Ions, Karen M. Lifrieri

Masters Theses

Single and double ionization of helium by highly charged sulfur projectiles is investigated over an energy range of 0.16 to 1.6 MeV/u. Absolute cross sections for the processes of pure ionization, ionization associated with single capture, and ionization associated with single loss by S^6,13+ projectiles were experimentally determined and compared with previous results and theories. Ratios of double-tosingle ionization for each outgoing projectile charge state were also determined and compared with theory. The pure ionization ratios for S⁶⁺ at the highest energies investigated show the q²/E dependence predicted by Knudsen et al. (1984). For S^{13+ …}

Teacher Proximity As An Instructional Variable In The Use Of Interactive Video, Rosalie L. Kirsch

Masters Theses

Teacher proximity during the use of the video disc Mastering Fractions produced by Systems Impact (1984) was investigated for effects on student on-task behavior. The study used a randomized multi-element design and was implemented in two classrooms at the junior high school level. In Phase 1, the 12 subjects were enrolled in a regular education mathematics classroom. The seven students in Phase 2 were enrolled in a special education classroom in the same school. During both phases, students were observed during teacher proximity and non-proximity conditions. Results of the study indicate no observable differences in student attending behavior when comparing …

Performance Prediction In Track And Field, Ted James Dabbs

Masters Theses

The study investigated the degree to which predicting performance in track and field relates to individual performances of track athletes. Predictive scores were determined for 26 male and 14 female athletes using prediction equations and test procedures developed by Henson, Turner, and Lacourse (1989a; 1989b). Predictive scores were compared to athletes' individual event point scores published in International Amateur Athletic Federation (IAAF) men's and women's multi-event scoring tables ("Scoring Table for Men's," 1962; "Scoring Table for Women's," 1971).

Each subject's height, weight and age were recorded as well as performances on the following tests: vertical jump, standing long jump, five …

A Progressive Disease Model For Doubly-Censred Bivariate Survival Data That Accommodates Covariate Information, Hilmi F. Yahya

Dissertations

A model for the natural history of a progressive disease is developed. The model has three disease states and can be expressed as the joint distribution of two survival random variables.

Covariate information is incorporated into the model using the proportional hazards model for the marginal distributions. The model will also accommodate data with observations which are censored on one or both of the survival random variables.

The likelihood function for censored data is exhibited for finding the maximum likelihood estimates of the parameters and their standard errors for testing the effects of the covariates. The method used to obtain …

A Comparison Of Junior High Schools To Middle Schools With Respect To Achievement And Attendance, Darrell Clay

Dissertations

During the past 30 years, the middle school movement has been a comprehensive effort to restructure middle level education. Literally thousands of school districts have chosen to change from junior high schools to middle schools for a variety of reasons. Research to support this massive reorganization of American schools has not been evident. The early research did not provide consistent evidence of improvement for middle school students. Most of this early research was based solely on the grade configuration of the schools being compared rather than the conceptual framework of the school.

The purpose of this study was to compare …

Algorithms For Incomplete Hypercubes, Venkata K. Prabhala

Masters Theses

Networked multiprocessing architectures for parallel com putation offer an alternative to high cost supercomputing. Recently hypercube has emerged as the most versatile architecture for parallel com putations. However, the number of nodes m in a hypercube is a power of 2, 2^d, where d is the dimension of the hypercube. In practice, it m ay not be possible to have a complete hypercube because the cost of upgradation is proportional to the num ber of nodes. Incomplete and Composite hypercubes help remove the exponential node(and hence cost) constraint.

In this thesis we establish the equality of m-node …