Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Western Kentucky University

Discipline
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 61 - 90 of 43085

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Unusual Presentation Of An Anterior Talus And Fibular Head In A Youth Soccer Player, Stephanie Ward, Saahil Naik, Rajinder Persaud Feb 2026

Unusual Presentation Of An Anterior Talus And Fibular Head In A Youth Soccer Player, Stephanie Ward, Saahil Naik, Rajinder Persaud

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

CASE HISTORY: The patient is a 13-year-old male who presented to the osteopathic manipulative medicine (OMM) clinic for evaluation of left ankle pain and stiffness. He reported ankle soreness, which he believed is due to extensive participation in soccer and running 2-3 miles daily. He occasionally experiences stiffness in his left knee and left ankle during physical activity, which does not prevent him from participating in athletic activities. He is left lower extremity dominant. He has a history of a grade 1 ankle sprain 2 years prior that was resolved with conservative management. He denied any other instances of …

Go to article

The Effect Of An 8-Week Resistance Training Intervention On The Cross-Sectional Area Of The Rectus Femoris, Kornkanok Sophonsakulrat, Payton E. Miller, Corie N. Smith, Kat A. Adcock, Karley Rayfield, Canyon Massengale, Jessica Jones, Laura Roden, Avery Pickrell, Grant M. Tinsley, Jacob A. Mota Feb 2026

The Effect Of An 8-Week Resistance Training Intervention On The Cross-Sectional Area Of The Rectus Femoris, Kornkanok Sophonsakulrat, Payton E. Miller, Corie N. Smith, Kat A. Adcock, Karley Rayfield, Canyon Massengale, Jessica Jones, Laura Roden, Avery Pickrell, Grant M. Tinsley, Jacob A. Mota

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Skeletal muscle hypertrophy is a key adaptation to resistance training, yet the time when measurable growth occurs remains unknown in previously untrained women. Evaluating hypertrophic changes over a short intervention period has important implication for training adaptations and program design. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to quantify the time course of muscle size cross sectional area (CSA) and morphological adaptations of the rectus femoris (RF) following 8-weeks of resistance training in previously untrained, college-aged women. METHODS: Twenty-two healthy, untrained female participants (age, 18-35, BMI, 22.65±2.61 kg/m2) were randomized to either an 8-week resistance-training group (TRAIN) …

Go to article

How Does The Stage Of Pregnancy Influence Gait And Sway In Pregnant Women From Six To Eight Months., Lilie-Rose S. Gilbert, Scott P. Mclean, Edward Merritt Feb 2026

How Does The Stage Of Pregnancy Influence Gait And Sway In Pregnant Women From Six To Eight Months., Lilie-Rose S. Gilbert, Scott P. Mclean, Edward Merritt

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Physiological changes that affect gait, posture, and balance during the late stages of pregnancy increase the risk of falling.  These changes were examined across the stages of pregnancy using simulated pregnancy loading. PURPOSE: To compare gait and postural balance measures under three loading conditions simulating zero, 6, and 8-months of simulated pregnancy. We predicted that the added weight in late-stage pregnancy would adversely affect gait characteristics and reduce postural control. METHODS: Twenty-one healthy females (20.1±1.2 years, 1.79±0.11 m, 64.1±9.5 kg) completed a 10-m walking gait assessment.  They then completed three trials under each condition, including the Stability Evaluation Test (SET) …

Go to article

The Effects Of An Epidural Steroid Injection On Cervical And Lumbar Radiculopathy, Sarah M. Mitchell, Raquesha D. Cox Feb 2026

The Effects Of An Epidural Steroid Injection On Cervical And Lumbar Radiculopathy, Sarah M. Mitchell, Raquesha D. Cox

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Epidural steroid injection (ESI) is a nonsurgical pain management procedure that can reduce swelling, pain, and inflammation in individuals with cervical or lumbar pain. It is common for cervical or lumbar pain to diffuse throughout the body’s extremities causing pain that can impact the individual’s activities of daily living (ADLs). PURPOSE: Evaluate the effectiveness of an ESI on individuals with cervical or lumbar radiculopathy to determine if the injection helps reduce pain during ADLs. METHODS: Patients experiencing cervical or lumbar radiculopathy were evaluated by the physician to identify candidates for ESI. Twenty-four patients who were candidates for ESI …

Go to article

Inter-Rater Reliability Of Manual Waist Circumference And Agreement With Dxa-Derived Waist In Male Collegiate Rugby Players, Hayden Johnson, Christian Rivera, Stephanie Hansford, Regan Renfro, Dalton Prye, Matthew Poole, Saheed Jaiyeola, Sage A. Newman, Adesiji Adetona, Oscar Woodside, Jmya Hughes, Preston James, Kelly Hines, Jade Simon, Drew E. Gonzalez, Christopher D. Greenleaf, Micheil Spillane Feb 2026

Inter-Rater Reliability Of Manual Waist Circumference And Agreement With Dxa-Derived Waist In Male Collegiate Rugby Players, Hayden Johnson, Christian Rivera, Stephanie Hansford, Regan Renfro, Dalton Prye, Matthew Poole, Saheed Jaiyeola, Sage A. Newman, Adesiji Adetona, Oscar Woodside, Jmya Hughes, Preston James, Kelly Hines, Jade Simon, Drew E. Gonzalez, Christopher D. Greenleaf, Micheil Spillane

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Waist circumference (WC) is a low-cost surrogate of central adiposity, but measurement error can limit athlete monitoring. PURPOSE: Evaluate inter-rater reliability of manual WC and agreement with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-derived WC in male collegiate rugby players. METHODS: Twenty-one male collegiate rugby players completed baseline testing (manual WC and DXA completed same day) following an overnight fast and euhydration. Two trained raters independently measured WC on bare skin at the superior border of the iliac crest (site not pre-marked) using a seca 201 measurement tape, with participants standing feet together and arms relaxed at their sides; the tape was verified …

Go to article

Classic Biva Differences By Position And Rugby-Specific Tolerance Ellipses In Collegiate Male Rugby Athletes, Christian Rivera, Hayden Johnson, Stephanie Hansford, Regan Renfro, Dalton Prye, Matthew Poole, Saheed Jaiyeola, Sage A. Newman, Adesiji Adetona, Oscar Woodside, Jmya Hughes, Preston James, Kelly Hines, Jade Simon, Drew E. Gonzalez, Christopher D. Greenleaf, Micheil Spillane Feb 2026

Classic Biva Differences By Position And Rugby-Specific Tolerance Ellipses In Collegiate Male Rugby Athletes, Christian Rivera, Hayden Johnson, Stephanie Hansford, Regan Renfro, Dalton Prye, Matthew Poole, Saheed Jaiyeola, Sage A. Newman, Adesiji Adetona, Oscar Woodside, Jmya Hughes, Preston James, Kelly Hines, Jade Simon, Drew E. Gonzalez, Christopher D. Greenleaf, Micheil Spillane

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) supports interpretation of hydration and soft-tissue status, yet population reference ellipses may not reflect rugby union athletes. PURPOSE: Compare classic BIVA between forwards and backs and derive rugby-specific tolerance ellipses. METHODS: Twenty-one collegiate male rugby athletes (forwards n=15; backs n=6) completed standing multifrequency BIA (seca mBCA 514) in the morning after an overnight fast (≥12 h) and ≥24 h exercise abstention. Hydration was assessed via urine specific gravity (USG; CLINITEK Status+; Multistix 10 SG). Whole-body 50 kHz resistance (R) and reactance (Xc) were averaged bilaterally; |Xc| was used, values were normalized to height (R/H, Xc/H), …

Go to article

Associations Between Dxa-Derived Trunk Adiposity And Resting Hemodynamics In Male Collegiate Rugby Union Athletes, Adesiji Adetona, Hayden Johnson, Christian Rivera, Stephanie Hansford, Regan Renfro, Dalton Prye, Matthew Poole, Saheed Jaiyeola, Sage A. Newman, Oscar Woodside, Jmya Hughes, Preston James, Kelly Hines, Jade Simon, Drew E. Gonzalez, Christopher D. Greenleaf, Micheil Spillane Feb 2026

Associations Between Dxa-Derived Trunk Adiposity And Resting Hemodynamics In Male Collegiate Rugby Union Athletes, Adesiji Adetona, Hayden Johnson, Christian Rivera, Stephanie Hansford, Regan Renfro, Dalton Prye, Matthew Poole, Saheed Jaiyeola, Sage A. Newman, Oscar Woodside, Jmya Hughes, Preston James, Kelly Hines, Jade Simon, Drew E. Gonzalez, Christopher D. Greenleaf, Micheil Spillane

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Trunk adiposity is a cardiometabolic risk factor that may relate to resting hemodynamics even in young athletic populations. PURPOSE: To examine associations between DXA-derived trunk percent fat and resting heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) in male collegiate rugby union athletes. METHODS: Twenty-one male rugby athletes completed morning testing (06:00–09:00 h) following ≥12 h fast and post-void, with stimulants (including caffeine) restricted ≥12 h and no exercise ≥24 h. Hydration was screened using urine specific gravity (USG; CLINITEK Status+ with Multistix 10 SG) and urine color (clear yellow). Whole-body DXA (Hologic Horizon W; APEX v5.6.1.3 rev 007) provided trunk …

Go to article

Associations Of Resting Hemodynamics With Dxa Total Body Fat Percentage In Collegiate Rugby Union Athletes, Saheed Jaiyeola, Hayden Johnson, Christian Rivera, Stephanie Hansford, Regan Renfro, Dalton Prye, Matthew Poole, Sage A. Newman, Adesiji Adetona, Oscar Woodside, Jmya Hughes, Preston James, Kelly Hines, Jade Simon, Drew E. Gonzalez, Christopher D. Greenleaf, Micheil Spillane Feb 2026

Associations Of Resting Hemodynamics With Dxa Total Body Fat Percentage In Collegiate Rugby Union Athletes, Saheed Jaiyeola, Hayden Johnson, Christian Rivera, Stephanie Hansford, Regan Renfro, Dalton Prye, Matthew Poole, Sage A. Newman, Adesiji Adetona, Oscar Woodside, Jmya Hughes, Preston James, Kelly Hines, Jade Simon, Drew E. Gonzalez, Christopher D. Greenleaf, Micheil Spillane

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Elevated adiposity is linked to cardiometabolic risk, yet relationships between total body fat and resting hemodynamics are not well described in collegiate rugby populations. PURPOSE: Examine associations between DXA total body fat percentage (%fat) and resting heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) in male rugby union athletes. METHODS: Twenty-one male rugby union athletes completed same-morning testing (06:00–09:00 h) following ≥12 h fast and post-void, with stimulants (including caffeine) restricted ≥12 h and no exercise ≥24 h. Hydration was screened using urine specific gravity (USG; CLINITEK Status+ with Multistix 10 SG) and urine color (clear yellow). After 5-min seated rest …

Go to article

Effects Of An 8-Week Resistance Training Program On Segmental Lean Mass, Corie N. Smith, Kornkanok Sophonsakulrat, Payton E. Miller, Laura Roden, Avery Prickell, Karley Rayfield, Katherine Adcock, Canyon Massengale, Jessica Jones, Grant Tinsely, Jacob A. Mota Feb 2026

Effects Of An 8-Week Resistance Training Program On Segmental Lean Mass, Corie N. Smith, Kornkanok Sophonsakulrat, Payton E. Miller, Laura Roden, Avery Prickell, Karley Rayfield, Katherine Adcock, Canyon Massengale, Jessica Jones, Grant Tinsely, Jacob A. Mota

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Resistance training is a powerful stimulus that is known to induce a myriad of positive effects in humans. A popular result desired by athletes is to increase muscle mass. However, the existing literature on resistance training and muscular hypertrophy focuses on whole body lean mass changes. The body of work which elucidate the effect of training on segmental lean mass is less documented. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of a short-term resistance training intervention on segmental lean mass in previously untrained college aged women. METHODS: 22 college aged women (age: 21 ± 4) volunteered …

Go to article

Changes In Ankle Angle And Knee Angle Throughout Gait With Ankle Bracing And Ankle Taping, Genavieve T. Evans, Tristyn G. Kattawar, Scott Mclean Feb 2026

Changes In Ankle Angle And Knee Angle Throughout Gait With Ankle Bracing And Ankle Taping, Genavieve T. Evans, Tristyn G. Kattawar, Scott Mclean

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Ankle taping and ankle bracing are the most common solutions to chronic ankle instability and ankle injuries, however, scientific findings suggest that changes in the individual’s gait patterns can occur with the addition of ankle restrictions. PURPOSE: to compare the effects of ankle bracing and taping with no support to lower extremity joint kinematics while walking on a treadmill. METHODS: Seventeen collegiate athletes (19.9 yrs, 1.74 m, 71.2 kg) completed walking trials on a treadmill under three ankle support conditions; no support, ankle taping, and ankle brace.  Ankle and knee angles were measured during the walking trials using electrogoniometers. Peak …

Go to article

Impact Of An 8-Week Personalized Exercise Program On Health-Related Fitness Parameters, Michelle Castro, Jasmeen Fajardo-Lopez, Major Martin, Raejone Lucas, Brock Niceler Md, Yunsuk Koh Feb 2026

Impact Of An 8-Week Personalized Exercise Program On Health-Related Fitness Parameters, Michelle Castro, Jasmeen Fajardo-Lopez, Major Martin, Raejone Lucas, Brock Niceler Md, Yunsuk Koh

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Introduction: A routine exercise program has been recommended across all demographic groups to improve cardiovascular health, muscle function, cognitive function, and mental health. Purpose: This study examined how personalized exercise affects health-related fitness parameters. Method: A total of 17 patients (age=42.88±12.89 years, male=1, and females=16), attending the fitness program at a regional hospital, were recruited. A health-related fitness battery test, including cardiorespiratory endurance, resting heart rate and blood pressure, motor fitness, musculoskeletal fitness, flexibility, body composition, and balance, was administered at the pre- (week 0), mid- (week 4), and post-study (week 8) periods. Results: Body fat (%) significantly decreased by …

Go to article

Differences In Lower Body Power, Maximum Voluntary Contraction (Mvc) Of The Arms, Grip Strength, And Reaction Time In Recreational Pickleball Players And Sedentary Women: A Pilot Study, Ayah R. Elshafie, Kamila Naranjo, Pamela Gonzalez, Hashim Elshafie, Victoria Garcia, Areli Cisneros, Jabeth Azpeitia, Ulku Karabulut, Rebekah Schlatter, Guillermo Perez Feb 2026

Differences In Lower Body Power, Maximum Voluntary Contraction (Mvc) Of The Arms, Grip Strength, And Reaction Time In Recreational Pickleball Players And Sedentary Women: A Pilot Study, Ayah R. Elshafie, Kamila Naranjo, Pamela Gonzalez, Hashim Elshafie, Victoria Garcia, Areli Cisneros, Jabeth Azpeitia, Ulku Karabulut, Rebekah Schlatter, Guillermo Perez

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Recreational pickleball participation has increased substantially among adult women; however, limited research exists examining neuromuscular performance in this population. PURPOSE: The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the feasibility of assessing lower body muscular power, maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) of the biceps and triceps brachii, grip strength, and reaction time in active pickleball-playing women compared to sedentary women to inform future research. METHODS: Ten participants (pickleball n=5, sedentary n=5) visited the laboratory to complete anthropometric measurements, lower body power assessment using a standardized sit-to-stand protocol with a Power Tendo device, and upper-extremity assessments including MVC for elbow flexion …

Go to article

Differences In Upper And Lower Body Bone Mineral Density, Lean Mass, Fat Mass, And Body Fat Percentage Between Sedentary And Recreational Female Pickleball Players: A Dexa-Based Pilot Study, Kamila Naranjo, Pamela Gonzalez, Ayah R. Elshafie, Hashim A. Elshafie, Victoria Garcia, Areli Cisneros, Jabeth Azpeitia, Ulku Karabulut, Rebekah De Leon, Guillermo Perez Feb 2026

Differences In Upper And Lower Body Bone Mineral Density, Lean Mass, Fat Mass, And Body Fat Percentage Between Sedentary And Recreational Female Pickleball Players: A Dexa-Based Pilot Study, Kamila Naranjo, Pamela Gonzalez, Ayah R. Elshafie, Hashim A. Elshafie, Victoria Garcia, Areli Cisneros, Jabeth Azpeitia, Ulku Karabulut, Rebekah De Leon, Guillermo Perez

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Pickleball is one of the fastest-growing sports among older women and includes low-impact, weight-bearing movements that may help support musculoskeletal health and body composition. However, there is limited research examining how recreational pickleball participation relates to bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition outcomes. PURPOSE: The purpose of this pilot study was to determine the feasibility of examining differences in upper- and lower body BMD, lean mass, and body fat percentage between sedentary and recreational female pickleball players. METHODS: A cross-sectional pilot study was designed using pickleball players (PB; n= 5) and sedentary women (S; n=5). The PB …

Go to article

Cytomegalovirus Seropositivity Affects Circulating Intermediate Monocyte Exercise Response To An Acute Cardiorespiratory Or Resistance Exercise Bout In Older Adults, Matthew Nguyen, Seth Rinehart, Melissa Markofski Feb 2026

Cytomegalovirus Seropositivity Affects Circulating Intermediate Monocyte Exercise Response To An Acute Cardiorespiratory Or Resistance Exercise Bout In Older Adults, Matthew Nguyen, Seth Rinehart, Melissa Markofski

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The monocyte subsets classical (CD14++CD16-) intermediate (CD14++CD16+), and pro-inflammatory (CD14+CD16++) have both overlapping and independent roles in inflammation and immune regulation. Aging is associated with increased chronic low-grade inflammation, which may be influenced by both exercise and latent cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. The PURPOSE of this study was to determine if serum CMV status affects monocyte mobilization in response to acute cardiorespiratory (CRE) versus resistance exercise (RE) in older adults. We hypothesized that CMV seropositive participants would have greater mobilization of CD16+ (inflammatory and intermediate) monocyte subsets after each exercise. METHODS Twenty-four healthy older adults (56–75 years) from a variety of …

Go to article

Comparison Of Dxa-Derived Body Volume Estimation Equations (Wilson Vs Smith-Ryan) In Collegiate Rugby Union Athletes, Jmya Hughes, Hayden Johnson, Christian Rivera, Stephanie Hansford, Regan Renfro, Dalton Prye, Matthew Poole, Saheed Jaiyeola, Sage A. Newman, Adesiji Adetona, Oscar Woodside, Preston James, Kelly Hines, Jade Simon, Drew E. Gonzalez, Christopher D. Greenleaf, Micheil Spillane Feb 2026

Comparison Of Dxa-Derived Body Volume Estimation Equations (Wilson Vs Smith-Ryan) In Collegiate Rugby Union Athletes, Jmya Hughes, Hayden Johnson, Christian Rivera, Stephanie Hansford, Regan Renfro, Dalton Prye, Matthew Poole, Saheed Jaiyeola, Sage A. Newman, Adesiji Adetona, Oscar Woodside, Preston James, Kelly Hines, Jade Simon, Drew E. Gonzalez, Christopher D. Greenleaf, Micheil Spillane

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Accurate estimation of body volume (BV) is required for multicomponent body composition models. PURPOSE: Compare two published DXA-derived BV equations (Wilson vs Smith-Ryan) using whole-body Hologic DXA tissue masses in collegiate rugby union athletes. METHODS: Twenty-one male rugby union athletes underwent whole-body DXA (Hologic Horizon W; APEX v5.6.1.3 Rev 007; Classic calibration [NHANES BCA disabled]; standard tissue analysis; daily QC within tolerance) during morning testing (06:00–09:00 h) while fasted and post-void; caffeine was avoided (≥12 h) and exercise was avoided (≥24 h). Hydration was assessed prior to scanning via urine specific gravity (Siemens CLINITEK Status+; Multistix 10 SG) and urine …

Go to article

Agreement Of Seca 286 Scale Weight With Dxa Acquisition Weight, Apex Soft-Tissue Mass, And Dxa Sum-Of-Components Mass In Collegiate Rugby Athletes, Matthew Poole, Hayden Johnson, Christian Rivera, Stephanie Hansford, Regan Renfro, Dalton Prye, Saheed Jaiyeola, Sage A. Newman, Adesiji Adetona, Oscar Woodside, Jmya Hughes, Preston James, Kelly Hines, Jade Simon, Drew E. Gonzalez, Christopher D. Greenleaf, Micheil Spillane Feb 2026

Agreement Of Seca 286 Scale Weight With Dxa Acquisition Weight, Apex Soft-Tissue Mass, And Dxa Sum-Of-Components Mass In Collegiate Rugby Athletes, Matthew Poole, Hayden Johnson, Christian Rivera, Stephanie Hansford, Regan Renfro, Dalton Prye, Saheed Jaiyeola, Sage A. Newman, Adesiji Adetona, Oscar Woodside, Jmya Hughes, Preston James, Kelly Hines, Jade Simon, Drew E. Gonzalez, Christopher D. Greenleaf, Micheil Spillane

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Accurate body mass is foundational for DXA-derived indices and longitudinal tracking. PURPOSE: Determine agreement between Seca 286 scale weight and DXA acquisition weight, quantify the difference between DXA acquisition weight and the APEX whole-body mass field (fat + lean), and evaluate a DXA sum-of-components mass (fat + lean + BMC) relative to scale weight as an internal QC check (Houtkooper et al., Am J Clin Nutr, 2000). METHODS: Twenty-one male rugby union athletes completed same-morning testing (06:00–09:00 h) while fasted and post-void; caffeine was restricted (≥12 h) and exercise abstained (≥24 h). Hydration was screened prior to DXA. Body mass …

Go to article

Total Cholesterol Is Not Associated With Dxa-Derived Visceral Adipose Tissue In Collegiate Rugby Union Athletes, Regan Renfro, Hayden Johnson, Christian Rivera, Stephanie Hansford, Dalton Prye, Matthew Poole, Saheed Jaiyeola, Sage A. Newman, Adesiji Adetona, Oscar Woodside, Jmya Hughes, Preston James, Kelly Hines, Jade Simon, Drew E. Gonzalez, Christopher D. Greenleaf, Micheil Spillane Feb 2026

Total Cholesterol Is Not Associated With Dxa-Derived Visceral Adipose Tissue In Collegiate Rugby Union Athletes, Regan Renfro, Hayden Johnson, Christian Rivera, Stephanie Hansford, Dalton Prye, Matthew Poole, Saheed Jaiyeola, Sage A. Newman, Adesiji Adetona, Oscar Woodside, Jmya Hughes, Preston James, Kelly Hines, Jade Simon, Drew E. Gonzalez, Christopher D. Greenleaf, Micheil Spillane

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Visceral fat has shown a direct correlation with unhealthy cholesterol levels. PURPOSE: Determine the association between point-of-care total cholesterol (TC) and DXA-derived visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in collegiate rugby union athletes. METHODS: Twenty-one male rugby athletes (age 21.7±2.1 y; BMI 28.9±6.7 kg/m²) completed morning testing (06:00-09:00 h) following an overnight fast, post-void, no caffeine ≥12 h, and no exercise ≥24 h; hydration was screened prior to DXA. TC (mg/dL) was assessed from capillary whole blood via fingerstick using an Accutrend Plus analyzer. Values below the device reporting limit (<150 mg/dL; 3.88 mmol/L) were set to 150 mg/dL for analysis. VAT mass (g) was quantified via whole-body DXA (Hologic Horizon W; APEX v5.6.1.3 rev 007, standard tissue analysis; daily QC within tolerance). Pearson correlations examined TC vs VAT; secondary analyses included TC vs BMI and a sensitivity analysis excluding a VAT outlier (1.5×IQR) (p<0.05). RESULTS: TC was 162.3±19.4 mg/dL (range 150-220); 10/21 (47.6%) were below …

Go to article

Acute And Short-Term Effects Of Creatine Supplementation On Urinary Creatinine And Body Water In Young Healthy Adults: A Preliminary Analysis, Kelsi R. Lambright, Cayla Clark, Tatiana C. Gaibor Verdezoto, Edwin J. Davila, Darryn Willoughby, Dan E. Newmire Feb 2026

Acute And Short-Term Effects Of Creatine Supplementation On Urinary Creatinine And Body Water In Young Healthy Adults: A Preliminary Analysis, Kelsi R. Lambright, Cayla Clark, Tatiana C. Gaibor Verdezoto, Edwin J. Davila, Darryn Willoughby, Dan E. Newmire

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Creatine monohydrate is one of the most widely used ergogenic supplements; however, acute and short-term changes in urinary markers following supplementation are not fully characterized in healthy adults. PURPOSE: To examine acute (3 h, 6 h) and short-term (8 d) changes in urinary creatinine measures following creatine supplementation in healthy males and females. METHODS: Eighteen recreationally active young adults (8 females; 21.4 ± 3.1 years, 171.2 ± 10.0 cm, 72.6 ± 13.6 kg, and 24.6 ± 4.8 kg/m2) completed the study thus far. Participants ingested creatine monohydrate supplementation at a dose of 5 g·day⁻¹ for 7 consecutive days. Measures were …

Go to article

Appendicular Lean Mass Index Compared With Normative Values In Male Collegiate Rugby Athletes, Hayden Johnson, Dalton Prye, Jade Simon, Christian Rivera, Stephanie Hansford, Regan Renfro, Matthew Poole, Saheed Jaiyeola, Sage A. Newman, Adesiji Adetona, Oscar Woodside, Jmya Hughes, Preston James, Kelly Hines, Drew E. Gonzalez, Christopher D. Greenleaf, Micheil Spillane Feb 2026

Appendicular Lean Mass Index Compared With Normative Values In Male Collegiate Rugby Athletes, Hayden Johnson, Dalton Prye, Jade Simon, Christian Rivera, Stephanie Hansford, Regan Renfro, Matthew Poole, Saheed Jaiyeola, Sage A. Newman, Adesiji Adetona, Oscar Woodside, Jmya Hughes, Preston James, Kelly Hines, Drew E. Gonzalez, Christopher D. Greenleaf, Micheil Spillane

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Low appendicular lean mass index (ALMI) is used to characterize skeletal muscle status, yet normative comparisons for strength-trained athletes remain limited. PURPOSE: To describe appendicular lean mass (ALM) and ALMI in male collegiate rugby union athletes, compare values by position group, and contextualize against published reference and international rugby union norms. METHODS: Twenty-one male collegiate rugby union athletes (age 21.7 ± 2.2 y; 177.7 ± 8.8 cm; 91.7 ± 23.4 kg) completed whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA; Hologic Horizon W; APEX v5.6) between 0600–0900 h, fasted and post-void, after 24 h exercise abstinence; hydration was assessed via urine specific gravity …

Go to article

Urine Specific Gravity Is Not Associated With Bioimpedance-Derived Total Body Water In Collegiate Rugby Athletes, Stephanie Hansford, Hayden Johnson, Christian Rivera, Regan Renfro, Dalton Prye, Matthew Poole, Saheed Jaiyeola, Sage A. Newman, Adesiji Adetona, Oscar Woodside, Jmya Hughes, Preston James, Kelly Hines, Jade Simon, Drew E. Gonzalez, Christopher D. Greenleaf, Micheil Spillane Feb 2026

Urine Specific Gravity Is Not Associated With Bioimpedance-Derived Total Body Water In Collegiate Rugby Athletes, Stephanie Hansford, Hayden Johnson, Christian Rivera, Regan Renfro, Dalton Prye, Matthew Poole, Saheed Jaiyeola, Sage A. Newman, Adesiji Adetona, Oscar Woodside, Jmya Hughes, Preston James, Kelly Hines, Jade Simon, Drew E. Gonzalez, Christopher D. Greenleaf, Micheil Spillane

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Collegiate rugby athletes often report inadequate fluid intake, yet their large body size yields high absolute total body water (TBW). PURPOSE: To examine relationships between urine specific gravity (USG) and bioimpedance-derived TBW and extracellular water (ECW) during T1 testing in male collegiate rugby players. METHODS: Twenty-one male collegiate rugby athletes provided a first-morning, midstream clean-catch urine sample upon arrival (06:00-09:00 h) following an overnight fast; caffeine was restricted for 12 h and fluid intake was ad libitum. Urine specific gravity (USG; semi-quantitative strip output) was assessed via Siemens CLINITEK Status+ with Multistix 10 SG; urine color was recorded. Total body …

Go to article

Concentric Vs. Eccentric Asymmetry In Force Production During Pushups, Olivia D. Broaddus, Miah Barras, Dacia Martinez-Diaz, Charles Layne, Craig Johnston Feb 2026

Concentric Vs. Eccentric Asymmetry In Force Production During Pushups, Olivia D. Broaddus, Miah Barras, Dacia Martinez-Diaz, Charles Layne, Craig Johnston

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

BACKGROUND: The need for a commentary on eccentric vs concentric movement profiles stems from the innate difference in biomechanical activity during each of the two phases of movement. While all involved muscles experience stress and/or fatigue throughout the course of the exercise, the emerging nature of the stress and/or fatigue can be attributed differently at different points. The Bilateral Asymmetry index (BAI) may present in different ways in accordance with how the stresses/fatigue present. Given this variation in function, there is a need to identify eccentric vs concentric BAI. PURPOSE: Exploring the difference in BAI for an eccentric …

Go to article

Validation Of Bertec Force Plate Treadmill For Asymmetry Measures, Miah A. Barras, Olivia D. Broaddus, Dacia Martinez-Diaz, Charles Layne, Craig Johnston Feb 2026

Validation Of Bertec Force Plate Treadmill For Asymmetry Measures, Miah A. Barras, Olivia D. Broaddus, Dacia Martinez-Diaz, Charles Layne, Craig Johnston

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

BACKGROUND: The current literature establishes the existence and detrimental impact of high levels of asymmetry in a range of physical capacities in the general population as well as performance athletes.  Given the influence of symmetry, there is a need to identify validated ways to measure it. Despite this, no uniform method of quantifying inter-limb differences exists to date. Furthermore, few studies compare bilateral data when limbs act concurrently as a functional system. One possible application of this measure is to measure the impact of an asymmetric training protocol on bilateral force production. Its theoretical applications remain untested in many circumstances, …

Go to article

Body Composition Profiling Of Firefighters Who Reported Workers’ Compensation: Are Those Who Filed Fit For Duty Part 2, Jade Simon, Sage A. Newman, Kelly Hines, Newman Brian, Michael Conner, Drew E. Gonzalez Feb 2026

Body Composition Profiling Of Firefighters Who Reported Workers’ Compensation: Are Those Who Filed Fit For Duty Part 2, Jade Simon, Sage A. Newman, Kelly Hines, Newman Brian, Michael Conner, Drew E. Gonzalez

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Firefighting requires resilience, good fitness, and body composition to prevent injuries. Excess fat and low lean mass raise the risk of MSK injuries like strains, which account for over half of firefighter injuries annually. Identifying fitness and body composition factors related to injury claims can help prevent injuries and reduce occupational risk strain. PURPOSE: We compared the BC profiles of those who filed for workers' compensation (WC) to those who did not. METHODS: Archival data for 499 career firefighters—466 men and 28 women—were analyzed from annual clinical testing. Body composition was measured via bioelectrical impedance. Participants reported whether …

Go to article

A Preliminary Comparison Of Muscle Oxygenation Measures Via Nirs To Running Economy Changes Elicited By An Advanced Footwear Technology Intervention, Juliana G. Courville, Dustin P. Joubert Feb 2026

A Preliminary Comparison Of Muscle Oxygenation Measures Via Nirs To Running Economy Changes Elicited By An Advanced Footwear Technology Intervention, Juliana G. Courville, Dustin P. Joubert

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Advanced footwear technology (AFT) has consistently been shown to improve running economy (RE) in laboratory settings, as reflected by a reduction in oxygen consumption (VO2) at a given running speed. Traditionally, RE is measured with a metabolic cart; however, metabolic cart access is limited due to equipment cost and laboratory dependence. Recent technological advancements in near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) provide a noninvasive means of assessing local muscle oxygen saturation (SmO2) on the working muscle in real time and can be used in both laboratory and field settings. While previous literature has found similarities between NIRS data …

Go to article

A Comparison Of The Energetic Cost Of Walking With And Without A 10-Pound Weighted Vest, Aaliyah R. Brown, Dustin P. Joubert Feb 2026

A Comparison Of The Energetic Cost Of Walking With And Without A 10-Pound Weighted Vest, Aaliyah R. Brown, Dustin P. Joubert

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Walking is a widely utilized mode of aerobic exercise for improving cardiovascular health and increasing energy expenditure. Wearing a relatively light, weighted vest during walking exercise has recently grown in popularity. Despite this, it is unclear how these weighted vests impact the physiological workload or metabolic demand during walking. PURPOSE: Compare the energetic cost and cardiovascular response of walking with and without a 10-lb weighted vest. METHODS: Following screening and consent, 9 subjects (29 ± 15 years, 72.8 ± 16.5 kg, 7 female and 2 male) completed a single walking exercise session. Subjects first completed a 10-minute warm-up …

Go to article

Individuals Who Use E-Cigarettes Exhibit Reduced Sleep Duration And Longer Sleep Onset Latency: A Preliminary Report, Summer R. Franklin, Kimberly M. Jacob, Kaeda B. Reamer, Erica M. Filep Dr., Amiee M. Griffis, Joshua E. Gonzalez Feb 2026

Individuals Who Use E-Cigarettes Exhibit Reduced Sleep Duration And Longer Sleep Onset Latency: A Preliminary Report, Summer R. Franklin, Kimberly M. Jacob, Kaeda B. Reamer, Erica M. Filep Dr., Amiee M. Griffis, Joshua E. Gonzalez

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Cross-sectional survey-based studies have indicated that individuals who use e-cigarettes are more likely to report insufficient sleep. However, there is a lack of objective information on how e-cigarettes influence sleep. Insufficient sleep is associated with the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and may compound the CVD risks already associated with e-cigarette use. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to objectively compare the sleep of individuals who use e-cigarettes and healthy controls. We tested the hypothesis that individuals who use e-cigarettes would have shorter sleep duration and longer sleep onset latency times. METHODS: The sleep behaviors of 29 healthy adult …

Go to article

The Effect Of Different Post-Activation Potentiation Protocols On Peak Muscle Torque During Knee Extension, Kaileb Bayliss, Steven Prince, Casi Helbig Feb 2026

The Effect Of Different Post-Activation Potentiation Protocols On Peak Muscle Torque During Knee Extension, Kaileb Bayliss, Steven Prince, Casi Helbig

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Post-activation potentiation is an important tool to utilize when trying to optimize exercise and sport performance. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze different protocol lengths to determine if the post-activation potentiation effect can still manifest after just 1 specific warm up set vs. multiple specific warm up sets. METHODS: Subjects included eighteen college students from Texas Lutheran University with a mean age of 21.67 years (+/-2.70), height of 66.68 inches (+/-3.12), and weight of 176.56 pounds (+/-44.77). The subjects started the first session with a GWU that manifested as a 5 minute walk on an …

Go to article

Carbohydrate Effects On Cycling Time To Exhaustion Following Exercise-Induced Glycogen Depletion: Preliminary Data, Ross Moody, Nicole Cipriano, Macilynn E. Coles, Jason Stephens, Sarah Deemer Feb 2026

Carbohydrate Effects On Cycling Time To Exhaustion Following Exercise-Induced Glycogen Depletion: Preliminary Data, Ross Moody, Nicole Cipriano, Macilynn E. Coles, Jason Stephens, Sarah Deemer

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

PURPOSE: In recent years, there has been a rise in the popularity of zero sugar sports drinks which contain fewer calories (from reduced carbohydrate (CHO) content), while maintaining identical electrolyte content. However, substantial evidence demonstrates that CHO consumption before or during exercise enhances performance and supports recovery. Because zero-sugar sports drinks contain only a fraction of the carbohydrate found in traditional full-sugar formulations, they may be less effective for supporting recovery and subsequent performance following muscle-fatiguing exercise. This study investigates whether consuming a full sugar (CHO+), a zero-sugar (CHO-), or water drink following lower-body muscle fatiguing exercise improves cycling …

Go to article

Prep Monitoring, Coaching Presence, And Competitive Anxiety In Bodybuilders, Rafael E. Cachutt, Samantha S. Dardaman, Christian O. Quintero, Stephen E. Rowden, Maddox B. Utter, Scott B. Martin Feb 2026

Prep Monitoring, Coaching Presence, And Competitive Anxiety In Bodybuilders, Rafael E. Cachutt, Samantha S. Dardaman, Christian O. Quintero, Stephen E. Rowden, Maddox B. Utter, Scott B. Martin

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Competitive bodybuilding involves severe dietary restriction, high training demands, and constant evaluation of physique-related outcomes. Within the sport, it is common for competitors to engage in intensive prep monitoring behaviors such as tracking caloric intake and training load to support contest preparation. As contest prep practices may tax attentional resources and disrupt emotional regulation of competitors, some athletes utilize formal coaching to assist with performance monitoring while others engage in self-coaching strategies. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine sport anxiety levels amongst competitive bodybuilders who engage in prep monitoring behaviors. Additionally, the contribution of coaching presence was …

Go to article

Comparing Oxygen Consumption Across Different Running Surfaces, Emily L. Chaires, Breanna Steele, Edward Merritt Feb 2026

Comparing Oxygen Consumption Across Different Running Surfaces, Emily L. Chaires, Breanna Steele, Edward Merritt

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

INTRODUCTION: Biomechanical analyses demonstrate how gait is affected by ground surface, however the metabolic cost of running over specific surface types is not as well understood. Cross-country runners routinely encounter multiple surfaces during a run, so understanding how oxygen demand might change for a given pace is important for training and racing. PURPOSE: This study examined whether running on grass increased oxygen consumption compared to running on a synthetic track during steady state overground running in trained collegiate runners. We hypothesize that oxygen cost will be higher on grass. METHODS: Fifteen Division III runners completed two counterbalanced 10-minute trials—one on …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last