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Release Of Microrna15a/16 From Skeletal Muscle During Exercise Regulates Proteostasis In Muscle And Cancer, Patrick Ryan, Selina Uranga, James D. Fluckey Feb 2024

Release Of Microrna15a/16 From Skeletal Muscle During Exercise Regulates Proteostasis In Muscle And Cancer, Patrick Ryan, Selina Uranga, James D. Fluckey

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Proteostasis, the intricate process of maintaining the proteome, is a critical matter for cellular health. The regulation of the multiple intersecting metabolic pathways comprising the proteostatic network is correspondingly complex and incompletely understood; however, a new and intriguing candidate in understanding this process has emerged in the form of microRNA (miRNA), small RNA species which are capable of regulating hundreds of genes at once by binding to and degrading mRNA transcripts. We have previously shown that muscle contraction results in the release of two miRNA species (miR15a/16) from skeletal muscles, and that a perfusate rich in these miRNAs slows growth …


Examining The Effect Of Exogenous Ketone Supplement On Indices Of Peripheral Vascular Health/Function, John Kolade, Alison Ortiz, Prarthi Shah, Ken Perry, R. Matthew Brothers Feb 2024

Examining The Effect Of Exogenous Ketone Supplement On Indices Of Peripheral Vascular Health/Function, John Kolade, Alison Ortiz, Prarthi Shah, Ken Perry, R. Matthew Brothers

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death in the US and worldwide. The risk for and prevalence of CVD are elevated by various factors including impaired micro- and macrovascular function. Associated mechanisms are multifactorial but are related to elevated oxidative stress and/or inflammation which contribute to reduced nitric oxide bioavailability and ultimately vasodilatory reactivity. Ketogenic diets, commonly used as a strategy to lose weight and improve health, have been reported to improve mitochondria function, as well as antioxidant and inflammatory status. To the best of our knowledge, the effects on vascular function are less understood. PURPOSE: This …


A Retrospective Analysis On The Relationship Of Age, Personal Shooting Practice, And Years Of Experience With Dynamic Shooting Scores, Kailea Oliver, Michael Jiroutek, Jennifer Bunn Feb 2024

A Retrospective Analysis On The Relationship Of Age, Personal Shooting Practice, And Years Of Experience With Dynamic Shooting Scores, Kailea Oliver, Michael Jiroutek, Jennifer Bunn

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Swat (special weapons and tactical) operators often need to perform intense physical activity and display weapon accuracy for an undetermined period of time. Strength and conditioning training have been found to play a vital role in the performance of SWAT operators during physical assessments, but little research has been devoted to training to improve dynamic marksmanship. PURPOSE: To evaluate the relationship between age, personal shooting practice, years of law enforcement experience, and years of SWAT experience with dynamic shooting accuracy. METHODS: SWAT operators (n = 195) completed a survey to self-report their training behaviors and previous experience (number …


Running Economy Benefits Of Advanced Footwear Technology Are Similar For Treadmill And Overground Running, Logan Hayden, Garrett Oehlert, Dustin P. Joubert Feb 2024

Running Economy Benefits Of Advanced Footwear Technology Are Similar For Treadmill And Overground Running, Logan Hayden, Garrett Oehlert, Dustin P. Joubert

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Running economy (RE) is a key marker of distance running performance, as it indicates the oxygen cost required to run at a given speed. Multiple laboratory studies on treadmills have shown that new advanced footwear technology (AFT) improves RE. However, no studies have quantified the benefit of AFT in overground running. PURPOSE: Determine the impact of running surface (treadmill vs. overground) on the RE benefits of AFT. METHODS: Seventeen trained runners (9 male, < 17:30 5k; 8 female, < 20:20 5k) reported for two separate visits, which included one session on a stiff treadmill indoors and one session overground on a concrete path outdoors. Each visit, subjects completed 4 × 5-minute trials at 16 km·hr-1 (male) and 14 km·hr-1 (female) wearing both an advanced shoe (AFT) and a control shoe (CTRL). Test speeds were below the runners’ estimated lactate threshold …


Assessing Dual Task Gait Asymmetries In Older Adults Using Wireless Instrumented Shoe Insoles, Madison M. Treece, Jennifer M. Yentes, Sofie De Wandel, Minchae C. Kang, Marielle P.K.J. Engelen, Nicolaas E. Deutz, Andrew D. Nordin Feb 2024

Assessing Dual Task Gait Asymmetries In Older Adults Using Wireless Instrumented Shoe Insoles, Madison M. Treece, Jennifer M. Yentes, Sofie De Wandel, Minchae C. Kang, Marielle P.K.J. Engelen, Nicolaas E. Deutz, Andrew D. Nordin

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Gait asymmetries have been suggested to be indicators of pathology. Walking while simultaneously completing a secondary cognitive task, or dual task, has been found to alter gait parameters such as stride time and stride length in aging populations. Gait asymmetries are commonly exacerbated in older adults under dual task conditions as attention is diverted away from walking. Although clinically relevant, assessing gait biomechanics outside of traditional laboratory settings can be challenging, but is possible using lightweight wireless sensors. PURPOSE: Our aim was to assess the influence of a cognitive load on gait asymmetries in older adults using wireless instrumented …


Effects Of Continuous Aerobic Exercise On Skeletal Muscle Atrophy Induced By Heart Failure, Carolina Tonon, Bertha F. Polegato, Quinten Pigg, Dillon Harris, Aaron Garcia, Daniela S. Inoue, Mariana Janini Gomes Feb 2024

Effects Of Continuous Aerobic Exercise On Skeletal Muscle Atrophy Induced By Heart Failure, Carolina Tonon, Bertha F. Polegato, Quinten Pigg, Dillon Harris, Aaron Garcia, Daniela S. Inoue, Mariana Janini Gomes

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Heart failure is a common and severe disease that worsens morbidity, mortality, and quality of life. One of the clinical manifestations of heart failure is peripheral muscular atrophy, whose presence impacts the prognosis of heart failure patients. Inflammation is one of the main mechanisms related to muscle atrophy. We hypothesized that inflammation, through excessive activation of the Nlrp3 inflammasome, would be tightly associated with skeletal muscle atrophy induced by heart failure. Additionally, aerobic exercise, well known for its anti-inflammatory action, would counteract this condition in a rat model of heart failure. PURPOSE: We aimed to evaluate the effects of continuous …


Promotion Of Healthy Lifestyles In College Freshmen Through The Fitu Program, Jasper Sanford, Amber M. Chelette, Amanda Perry Feb 2024

Promotion Of Healthy Lifestyles In College Freshmen Through The Fitu Program, Jasper Sanford, Amber M. Chelette, Amanda Perry

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

This study is a continuation of a previous study assessing the physical health of first-year college students. With the obesity epidemic steadily on the rise in America, young adults are the most susceptible to weight gain as they embrace life’s new chapter. PURPOSE: FitU is a program implemented into the core class, Concepts of Wellness, at Ouachita Baptist University. This program was designed to combat the weight gain called the “freshman-15” while promoting healthier lifestyle choices through diet and exercise. METHODS: At the beginning and end of the semester, 196 students were given a basic fitness evaluation including the five …


Southwestern University Health And Wellness Program Initiative, Laura A. Carrasco Torres, Taylor P. Hubbard, Vanessa Mikan Phd Feb 2024

Southwestern University Health And Wellness Program Initiative, Laura A. Carrasco Torres, Taylor P. Hubbard, Vanessa Mikan Phd

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Employee wellness programs (EWPs) foster a sense of community within the workplace and have been found to improve job satisfaction, healthy behaviors, and long-term health for employees (Merrill et al., 2011 and Goetzel et al., 2014). A successful EWP must address the diverse background of their employees and educate them on the importance of good health and encourage healthy habits (Goetzel et al., 2014 and Castillo et al., 2019). PURPOSE: To provide interactive education sessions to promote healthy active lifestyle behaviors for both part- and full-time staff at Southwestern University. METHODS: Health education sessions were provided to part- …


Does Rinsing Out Your Mouth With A Carbohydrate Drink Before Exercising, As Well As Oral Vs. Nasal Breathing Have An Effect On The Rer?, Jacob A. Clemons, Edward Merritt Feb 2024

Does Rinsing Out Your Mouth With A Carbohydrate Drink Before Exercising, As Well As Oral Vs. Nasal Breathing Have An Effect On The Rer?, Jacob A. Clemons, Edward Merritt

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The Respiratory Exchange Ratio (RER) is a commonly used indicator of the body’s metabolism in exercise studies. The RER is defined as the ratio of carbon dioxide produced to oxygen consumed and is used to estimate carbohydrate and fat oxidation in the body. An RER of 0.7 is indicative of fat breakdown with an RER of 1.0 indicative of high rates of carbohydrate metabolism. During steady-state exercise, the RER is thought to be a reliable indicator of whole-body metabolic demand, however, the introduction of carbohydrates to the mouth might have an immediate effect on the RER, affecting the reliability of …


Cross-Transfer Effects On Muscle Strength, Size, And Quality Following Unilateral Blood Flow Restriction Training, Adam Avalos, Kase Pennartz, Calvin Smith, Sierra Washington, Lindsay Rankin, Isabella E. Zapata, Jordyn M. Watson, Dakota Harris, Micheal Luera, Amber L. Harris Bozer, Joshua L. Keller Feb 2024

Cross-Transfer Effects On Muscle Strength, Size, And Quality Following Unilateral Blood Flow Restriction Training, Adam Avalos, Kase Pennartz, Calvin Smith, Sierra Washington, Lindsay Rankin, Isabella E. Zapata, Jordyn M. Watson, Dakota Harris, Micheal Luera, Amber L. Harris Bozer, Joshua L. Keller

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Unilateral resistance training (RT) has been shown to induce contralateral strength improvements in the untrained homologous muscle. Notably, low-load blood flow restriction (BFR) RT has shown superior increases in muscle strength and hypertrophy compared to low-load non-BFR RT. Previous literature has also reported that BFR RT has systemic cross-transfer effects of strength on other active skeletal muscles compared to low-load non-BFR RT. PURPOSE: Therefore, the purpose was to examine the cross-transfer effects of 4 weeks of unilateral BFR dorsiflexion RT on muscle strength, hypertrophy, and muscle quality. METHODS: Fourteen untrained participants were randomized into two groups: (BFR; n=8) (177.6 ± …


A Contralateral Comparison Of Beta-Band Oscillations In The Motor Cortex Following Blood Flow Restriction Training, Sierra M. Washington, Kase J. Pennartz, Adam C. Avalos, Calvin D. Smith, Lindsay K. Rankin, Isabella E. Zapata, Jordyn M. Watson, Dakota R. Harris, Joshua L. Keller, Amber L. Harris Bozer, Micheal J. Luera Feb 2024

A Contralateral Comparison Of Beta-Band Oscillations In The Motor Cortex Following Blood Flow Restriction Training, Sierra M. Washington, Kase J. Pennartz, Adam C. Avalos, Calvin D. Smith, Lindsay K. Rankin, Isabella E. Zapata, Jordyn M. Watson, Dakota R. Harris, Joshua L. Keller, Amber L. Harris Bozer, Micheal J. Luera

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Contralateral adaptations following unilateral training is commonly associated with the cross-education phenomena. Identifying the contributions to peripheral activation of voluntary muscle contractions can be represented in Beta-band (13-30Hz) oscillations within the human motor cortex. These individualistic electrophysiological changes may display potential hemispheric differences that contribute to skeletal muscle activation patterns following single limb training common in rehabilitation settings. PURPOSE: The purpose of this investigation was to compare the responses of beta-band mean power frequency (MPF) in the motor cortex during varying isometric contraction intensities after blood flow restriction training. METHODS: 13 untrained males (age: 21.7 ± 1.7yrs; height: …


Investigating The Effect Of Hand Position On Hand Force And Rotation Time When Performing A Freestyle Flip-Turn, Emma C. Williams, Scott P. Mclean Feb 2024

Investigating The Effect Of Hand Position On Hand Force And Rotation Time When Performing A Freestyle Flip-Turn, Emma C. Williams, Scott P. Mclean

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Havriluk (2004) found that an increase in hand force will increase a swimmer’s velocity. While the effect of hand force on a swimmer’s velocity has been studied, the forces produced by the hands as well as the effect of forearm position on hand force production during a freestyle flip-turn has not been investigated. PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of forearm orientation on freestyle flip-turn performance. METHODS: A convenience sample of ten experienced swimmers (6 Female, 4 Male, 20 ± 1.15 years) was recruited to participate. Prior to data collection, participants completed an accommodation session to familiarize them with …


Neuromuscular Adaptations To Low-Intensity Blood Flow Restricted Training, Calvin D. Smith, Kase J. Pennartz, Sierra M. Washington, Lindsay K. Rankin, Dakota R. Harris, Joshua L. Keller, Amber L. Harris Bozer, Micheal J. Luera Feb 2024

Neuromuscular Adaptations To Low-Intensity Blood Flow Restricted Training, Calvin D. Smith, Kase J. Pennartz, Sierra M. Washington, Lindsay K. Rankin, Dakota R. Harris, Joshua L. Keller, Amber L. Harris Bozer, Micheal J. Luera

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Low-intensity blood flow restricted (BFR) training has been shown to induce adaptations in muscular strength and size similar to traditional high-intensity resistance training. However, the reporting of peripheral neuromuscular adaptations is lacking within the current literature. PURPOSE: The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects of BFR training on motor unit (MU) firing behaviors. METHODS: 13 untrained males (age: 22 ± 2yrs; height: 175.7 ± 6.0cm; weight: 81.9 ± 13.3kg) were randomly assigned to the BFR (n = 7) or non-BFR (n = 6) group. All subjects completed preliminary testing consisting of 3 isometric …


Correlations Between Measured-To-Predicted Resting Metabolic Rate Ratio And Psychological Variables In Active Women, Jaylynn Rasco, Madelin R. Siedler, Christian Rodriguez, Christine M. Florez, Christian Lavalle, Ethan Tinoco, Alexandra Brojanac, Grant M. Tinsley Feb 2024

Correlations Between Measured-To-Predicted Resting Metabolic Rate Ratio And Psychological Variables In Active Women, Jaylynn Rasco, Madelin R. Siedler, Christian Rodriguez, Christine M. Florez, Christian Lavalle, Ethan Tinoco, Alexandra Brojanac, Grant M. Tinsley

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

RMRratio provides an indication of energy availability by comparing measured resting metabolic rate (RMR) to that predicted by an equation using values such as age, height, and lean mass. RMRratio has been associated with psychological variables such as cognitive restraint (CR) and Drive for Thinness (DT) in young, active women. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess the strength of correlation between these psychometric variables and RMRratio values using a variety of RMR prediction equations. METHODS: Forty-one generally healthy women were included in this analysis. All participants self-attested to engaging in two or more hours of moderate- to …


Impact Of Local Wellness Policies On District Level Physical Activities, Minh Le, Hoang K. Dao, Mia Putnam, Jacob Szeszulski Feb 2024

Impact Of Local Wellness Policies On District Level Physical Activities, Minh Le, Hoang K. Dao, Mia Putnam, Jacob Szeszulski

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Local wellness policies (LWPs) are state required documents that outline school districts’ goals for improving the physical activity of their students. In Texas, most districts use a template for developing their LWP, which has seven prespecified goals that districts may include or further expand upon to include additional goals. PURPOSE: Determine if physical activity components of districts’ LWPs were related to practices within the district. METHODS: LWPs published by public school districts in Texas were collected from district websites, analyzed for content related to physical activity, and assessed to determine if the district text matched the template. Then, responses were …


Healthy School Recognized Campus’ Impact On Middle School Children’S Physical Activity Levels And Cardiovascular Fitness, Hoang Dao, Minh Le, Paula Butler, Mia Putnam, Allyson Schaefers, Jacob Szeszulski Feb 2024

Healthy School Recognized Campus’ Impact On Middle School Children’S Physical Activity Levels And Cardiovascular Fitness, Hoang Dao, Minh Le, Paula Butler, Mia Putnam, Allyson Schaefers, Jacob Szeszulski

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Most current research is focused on the effectiveness of a single physical activity intervention. Healthy School Recognized Campus (HSRC) is a Texas A&M AgriLife Extension initiative that promotes the delivery of multiple physical activity and nutrition programs on a school campus, such as Walk Across Texas. PURPOSE: This study aims to determine whether HSRC will improve cardiovascular fitness and increase physical activity among middle school students. METHODS: Students completed the Youth Activity Profile (YAP) survey to assess the amount of time that students spent engaging in physical activity (during school, outside of school, on weekends) and sedentary behaviors, the …


Gastrocnemius Mass Is Lower 28 Days After Recovery From A Cycle Of Cisplatin In Mice, Marc Magaña, Jaden Wells, Carla Nascimento, Cory Dungan, Michael P. Wiggs Feb 2024

Gastrocnemius Mass Is Lower 28 Days After Recovery From A Cycle Of Cisplatin In Mice, Marc Magaña, Jaden Wells, Carla Nascimento, Cory Dungan, Michael P. Wiggs

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Platinum-based chemotherapeutic agents, such as cisplatin, are widely employed as a primary treatment modality for various cancer types. Despite their efficacy, cisplatin's mechanism of action involves inducing DNA damage in cells, leading to pronounced acute and long-term side effects. One well established side effect is rapid loss in muscle mass. However, very little is known about the long-term effects of chemotherapy treatment on muscle size. PURPOSE: of this study was to analyze the long-term effects of cisplatin on muscle mass recovery. We hypothesized that cisplatin would have a negative long-term effect on muscle recovery. METHODS: 5-6 month-old CD2F1 mice …


Morning Vs Afternoon Differences In Hydration Status Assessments, Karissa A. Mesquita, Jan-Joseph S. Rolloque, Marcos Keefe, Ryan Dunn, Casey Appell, Nigel Jiwan, Hui-Ying Luk, Yasuki Sekiguchi Feb 2024

Morning Vs Afternoon Differences In Hydration Status Assessments, Karissa A. Mesquita, Jan-Joseph S. Rolloque, Marcos Keefe, Ryan Dunn, Casey Appell, Nigel Jiwan, Hui-Ying Luk, Yasuki Sekiguchi

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

First-morning spot samples are commonly used to assess hydration status accurately. However, there is a lack of literature examining the accuracy of afternoon spot samples to assess hydration status compared to the morning samples and the relationships between variables, especially in the afternoon assessments. PURPOSE: To compare the accuracy of using spot samples to monitor hydration status in both morning and afternoon and to identify relationships between each hydration assessment. METHODS: 24 participants (12 males; age: 21±2years, mass: 81.0±15.9kg; 12 females; age: 22±3 years, mass: 68.8±15.2kg) completed this study. Hydration measurements of urinary indices (urine color [UCOL …


Analysis Of Muscle Imbalance In Females Who Have Undergone Acl Reconstruction, Rebekah Schlatter, Jorge Bejar, Jennifer Lopez, Murat Karabulut Feb 2024

Analysis Of Muscle Imbalance In Females Who Have Undergone Acl Reconstruction, Rebekah Schlatter, Jorge Bejar, Jennifer Lopez, Murat Karabulut

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

BACKGROUND: In recent years, research has highlighted the importance of inter-limb symmetry, highlighting associations between bilateral deficits in various physiological variables and heightened injury risk. Despite this emphasis, there is a noticeable gap in current literature regarding the assessment of lower limb musculature bilateral asymmetry in both healthy populations and those affected by anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. PURPOSE: This study strived to compare lower limb musculature bilateral asymmetry in both healthy populations (CON) and those affected by anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) and to investigate potential imbalances that may persist after the completion of full physical therapy and receiving return-to-play …


The Effect Of Eccentric Muscle-Damaging Exercise In The Heat On Perceptual Stress Measures During Future Exertional-Heat Exposure, Erica A. Hollis, Ryan Dunn, Casey Appell, Marcos Keefe, Nigel Jiwan, Hui-Ying Luk, Yasuki Sekiguchi Feb 2024

The Effect Of Eccentric Muscle-Damaging Exercise In The Heat On Perceptual Stress Measures During Future Exertional-Heat Exposure, Erica A. Hollis, Ryan Dunn, Casey Appell, Marcos Keefe, Nigel Jiwan, Hui-Ying Luk, Yasuki Sekiguchi

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Multiple bouts of exertional-heat exposure can assist in reducing the magnitude of perceived stress during future heat exposures. Recently, eccentric muscle-damaging exercise has also been proposed as a beneficial preconditioning modality to assist with exercise in the heat due to the potential effects on improving physiological and thermoregulatory responses during exercise. PURPOSE: This study investigated the effect of muscle-damaging exercise in the heat, compared to a thermoneutral condition, on minimizing perceptual stress during future exertional-heat exposure. METHODS: Ten physically active males (mean ± SD; age, 23 ± 3 years; body mass, 78.7 ± 11.5 kg; height, 176.9 ± …


Return To Play Variations Due To Rehabilitation Compliance In Division 1 Athletes With Midfoot Sprains, Johnie J. Snyder, Melissa D. Long Feb 2024

Return To Play Variations Due To Rehabilitation Compliance In Division 1 Athletes With Midfoot Sprains, Johnie J. Snyder, Melissa D. Long

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

CASE HISTORY: Patient A was a 20-year-old collegiate running back with a history of a left midfoot sprain in the previous spring season. Patient A presented with right foot pain after the second game of the season. He reported pain and a feeling of a ‘fallen arch’ when weight bearing. Patient A reported symptoms one day after the injury and was evaluated and treated immediately. Patient B was an 18-year-old collegiate cornerback with no significant history. Patient B reported midfoot pain after being tackled during a practice. Patient B was assessed in the athletic training clinical after practice. Patient …


Relationship Between Muscle Cross-Sectional Area And Counter-Movement Jump Performance In Semi-Professional Athletes, Tyler B. Mccollum, Jan-Joseph S. Rolloque, Kealey J. Wohlgemuth, Marcos Keefe, Kathryn E. Southall, Mckenzie M. Hare, Ruben Moya, Kelly B. Elliott, Jacob A. Mota, Yasuki Sekiguchi Feb 2024

Relationship Between Muscle Cross-Sectional Area And Counter-Movement Jump Performance In Semi-Professional Athletes, Tyler B. Mccollum, Jan-Joseph S. Rolloque, Kealey J. Wohlgemuth, Marcos Keefe, Kathryn E. Southall, Mckenzie M. Hare, Ruben Moya, Kelly B. Elliott, Jacob A. Mota, Yasuki Sekiguchi

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) has been identified as a major predictor of the force production capabilities in athletes, while countermovement jumps (CMJ) can be used to assess power production translated into jump height. However, there is a lack of literature looking at the relationship between CSA and CMJ performance in athletes at different timepoints throughout a competitive season. PURPOSE: To examine the relationship between change in lower limb muscle CSA and CMJ performance in semi-professional soccer players over the course of a season. METHODS: Twenty-three male players (mean ± standard deviation; age: 21.3 ± 2 years; height: 178.4 ± 6.7 …


Sublingual Sufentanil Attenuates Perceived Pain, But Not Blood Pressure Responses, During A Cold Pressor Test, Caitlin P. Jarrard, Zachary J. Mckenna, Whitley C. Atkins, Josh Foster, Joseph C. Watso, Craig G. Crandall Feb 2024

Sublingual Sufentanil Attenuates Perceived Pain, But Not Blood Pressure Responses, During A Cold Pressor Test, Caitlin P. Jarrard, Zachary J. Mckenna, Whitley C. Atkins, Josh Foster, Joseph C. Watso, Craig G. Crandall

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Sublingual sufentanil was developed to reduce pain following a traumatic injury in the field (e.g., battlefield). However, it is unknown whether an analgesic dose of sufentanil affects cardiovascular responses to a painful stimulus in humans. PURPOSE: We tested the hypothesis that sublingual sufentanil blunts pain perception and the accompanying cardiovascular responses during a cold pressor test (CPT). METHODS: Twenty-nine adults, 15 males and 14 females (age: 29 ± 5 years, body mass: 74 ± 8 kg, body mass index: 25 ± 2 kg/m2) participated in this double-blind, randomized, crossover, placebo-controlled trial. Following sublingual administration of sufentanil (30 µg) …


Short-Term Cd8+ T Cell Depletion Results In Blunted Liver Inflammation In Old Mice, Konner J. Terrebonne, David J. Buckley, Blessy Joseph, Sunita Sharma, Daniel W. Trott Feb 2024

Short-Term Cd8+ T Cell Depletion Results In Blunted Liver Inflammation In Old Mice, Konner J. Terrebonne, David J. Buckley, Blessy Joseph, Sunita Sharma, Daniel W. Trott

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Advanced age is associated with an increase in basal inflammation of the organs. Previously we have found that T cells accumulate in the liver of old mice. A large proportion of these cells are CD8+ and produce inflammatory cytokines. We have previously demonstrated that CD8+ T cell depletion results in improved glucose tolerance in old mice. However, the mechanisms by which CD8+ depletion improves glucose tolerance is unclear. Therefore, we sought to determine whether pharmacologic CD8+ depletion would result in decreased liver specific inflammation in old mice compared to their old CD8+ intact counterparts. PURPOSE: To test the hypothesis …


The Association And Ability Of Mental Toughness To Predict Cardiorespiratory Fitness In The General Population: A Pilot Study, Adam Crone, Tomas Chapman-Lopez, Ricardo Torres, Meena Meiyyappan, Leroy Bolden, Andreas Stamatis Dr., Jeff S. Forsse Feb 2024

The Association And Ability Of Mental Toughness To Predict Cardiorespiratory Fitness In The General Population: A Pilot Study, Adam Crone, Tomas Chapman-Lopez, Ricardo Torres, Meena Meiyyappan, Leroy Bolden, Andreas Stamatis Dr., Jeff S. Forsse

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Mental toughness (MT) is associated with performative contexts as the defining attribute that enables individuals to thrive in demanding situations. MT has been linked to varying physiological outcomes in various populations. Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is likewise associated with health and performance outcomes; thereby, assessing CRF remains a vital metric for assessing aerobic performance. What remains unexplored is the relationship between MT and CFT and whether MT can be used as an additional metric to determine CRF. PURPOSE: To determine if MT scores are able to predict CRF levels as indicated by VO2 values. METHODS: Fifty individuals (n = 50, Males …


Differences In Skeletal Muscle Oxygenation Of Vastus Laterals And Gastrocnemius During Exhaustive Exercise, Kaitlyn Gingell, Ricardo Torres, Jordan Ledington, Leroy Bolden, Tomas Chapman-Lopez, Dylan Willburn, Meena Meiyyappan, Adam Crone, Panagiotis Koutakis, Jeff S. Forsse Feb 2024

Differences In Skeletal Muscle Oxygenation Of Vastus Laterals And Gastrocnemius During Exhaustive Exercise, Kaitlyn Gingell, Ricardo Torres, Jordan Ledington, Leroy Bolden, Tomas Chapman-Lopez, Dylan Willburn, Meena Meiyyappan, Adam Crone, Panagiotis Koutakis, Jeff S. Forsse

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 Max) is utilized to assess cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and performance in various populations. Although VO2max is the gold standard for assessing aerobic performance and CRF, the accessibility, time, and cost are limiting factors for frequent evaluation. Recently, skeletal muscle oxygen saturation (SmO2) has been utilized to characterize the amount of oxygen available in skeletal muscle tissue and the efficiency of oxygen uptake and to serve as an alternative metric to assess CRF. However, minimal research has been conducted to observe the difference in SmO2 location placement between the vastus laterals (VL) and gastrocnemius (GS) during exhaustive …


The Effects Of Different Prolonged Aerobic Exercise Modalities On Physiological Components Of Cardiovascular Drift, Ricardo Torres, Leroy Bolden, Tomas Chapman-Lopez, Jordan Ledington, Meena Meiyyappan, Kaitlyn Gingell, Adam Crone, Brian Leutholtz, Jeff S. Forsse Feb 2024

The Effects Of Different Prolonged Aerobic Exercise Modalities On Physiological Components Of Cardiovascular Drift, Ricardo Torres, Leroy Bolden, Tomas Chapman-Lopez, Jordan Ledington, Meena Meiyyappan, Kaitlyn Gingell, Adam Crone, Brian Leutholtz, Jeff S. Forsse

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Cardiovascular Drift (CD) is a physiological phenomenon in which heart rate and VO2 increase in order to maintain cardiac output as the exercise intensity remains the same. Current understanding of CD indicates that CD is caused by a loss of fluids in combination with a reduced ventricular filling time. Different exercise modalities, such as steady state exercise (SSE) and high intensity interval exercise (HIIE) stress the cardiovascular system differently and cause different adaptations. Currently, no research has been conducted observing components (VO2, HR, and RER) of CD in SSE and HIIE. PURPOSE: To determine if HIIE or SSE alters …


The Effect Of Menstrual Phases On Salivary Markers Of Stress And Body Composition, Josey Walker, Nathan Sutton, Matthew J. Mcallister Feb 2024

The Effect Of Menstrual Phases On Salivary Markers Of Stress And Body Composition, Josey Walker, Nathan Sutton, Matthew J. Mcallister

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Women have been historically excluded in physiology research due to the assumption that the menstrual cycles influence physiological biomarkers. Research has shown that cortisol concentrations are higher during the follicular phase compared to the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. In addition, morning cortisol concentrations have been shown to be significantly higher in the morning compared to evening. However, salivary a-amylase (sAA) and secretory immunoglobin-A (SIg-A) have not been researched across the menstrual cycle. sAA is an indicator of sympathetic nervous system activation and is sensitive to acute stress. SIg-A is an antibody that is also an indicator of chronic …


Enhancing Mental Toughness In Dancers: An Intervention Study With Longitudinal Analysis And Clustering Approaches, Zoe Beck, Logan Lefke, Grant Morgan, Andreas Stamatis Feb 2024

Enhancing Mental Toughness In Dancers: An Intervention Study With Longitudinal Analysis And Clustering Approaches, Zoe Beck, Logan Lefke, Grant Morgan, Andreas Stamatis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Mental toughness (MT), a psychological construct, is pivotal in achieving peak athletic performance. The literature on MT, predominantly observational in nature, remains notably limited within the realm of dance. PURPOSE: To understand the impact of an MT intervention on dancers by examining score changes over time and identifying distinct response patterns through clustering. METHODS: Female athletes (N = 39; Mage = 19.86, SD = 1.21) participated in a structured intervention designed to enhance MT, with scores collected before the intervention, after, and at a 6-week follow-up. MT scores were collected using the Mental Toughness Index …


Nutrition Able: A Lecture-Based Intervention To Promote Nutritional Literacy About Protein Intake In Women, Jeffery Bolte, Alejandra Garcia, Jacob Abalos, Jakson Johnson, Alex Joyce, Christopher Hinds, Jared Tuttle, Jeff Svec Feb 2024

Nutrition Able: A Lecture-Based Intervention To Promote Nutritional Literacy About Protein Intake In Women, Jeffery Bolte, Alejandra Garcia, Jacob Abalos, Jakson Johnson, Alex Joyce, Christopher Hinds, Jared Tuttle, Jeff Svec

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Sport performance is influenced by sport-specific requirements for body composition. One major predictor of body composition is protein intake. Higher protein intake tends to cause leaner body composition relative to lower protein intake, especially during caloric deficit. In Bexar County, ~72% of the adult population is overweight/obese and 15.5% are diabetic. This suggests that high protein diet could be a high leverage option in the San Antonio population for optimizing body composition for sport performance. Furthermore, late life sporting activity and protein intake is a primary method for mitigating sarcopenia, osteoporosis, fractures, and accidental death in post-menopausal women. PURPOSE: …