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Functional Electrical Stimulation Of The Soleus Increases Ankle Mechanics With A Modest Increase In Metabolic Rate During Walking In Young And Older Adults, Ningzhen Zhao, Lisa Griffin, Owen N. Beck Feb 2025

Functional Electrical Stimulation Of The Soleus Increases Ankle Mechanics With A Modest Increase In Metabolic Rate During Walking In Young And Older Adults, Ningzhen Zhao, Lisa Griffin, Owen N. Beck

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Better mobility improves older adult health, independence, and quality of life. Unfortunately, walking performance declines with advanced age, as older adults expend 10-25% more metabolic energy during walking compared to young adults. This age-related increase in metabolic energy expenditure is partly because older adults characteristically produce less ankle mechanics during walking compared to young adults, in turn compensating with increased hip mechanics (distal-to-proximal redistribution). Such mechanical changes may be attenuated using functional electrical stimulation (FES) to enhance ankle extensors. Stimulating ankle extensors during walking likely increases joint output and underlying muscle metabolism, with concomitant reductions in hip mechanics. If so, …

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Force Meets Feedback: Investigating The Impact Of Lissajous Visual Augmentation On Bimanual Coordination And Force Accuracy, Ananya Luthria, Madison M. Weinrich, Brock Balthazor, Jackson Wagner, Deanna M. Kennedy Feb 2025

Force Meets Feedback: Investigating The Impact Of Lissajous Visual Augmentation On Bimanual Coordination And Force Accuracy, Ananya Luthria, Madison M. Weinrich, Brock Balthazor, Jackson Wagner, Deanna M. Kennedy

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Lissajous plots are 2D visualizations that depict the interaction between two oscillating signals, illustrating their phase and frequency relationship through distinctive patterns. In the context of bimanual coordination, Lissajous plots serve as augmented visual feedback by mapping the force or motion of one limb to the x-axis and the other limb to the y-axis, providing real-time feedback on the synchronization and rhythm between the two limbs. This visual guidance helps individuals adjust their movements to achieve the desired coordination pattern, making it particularly useful in motor rehabilitation and training scenarios. PURPOSE: Determine the level of accuracy of bimanual force production …

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Low-Energy Cooling Strategies To Mitigate Thermal Strain Of Older Adults Exposed To Very Hot-Dry Heat, Isa A. Farooqi, Zachary J. Mckenna, Whitley C. Atkins, Elizabeth A. Gideon, Craig G. Crandall Feb 2025

Low-Energy Cooling Strategies To Mitigate Thermal Strain Of Older Adults Exposed To Very Hot-Dry Heat, Isa A. Farooqi, Zachary J. Mckenna, Whitley C. Atkins, Elizabeth A. Gideon, Craig G. Crandall

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Extreme heat causes morbidity and mortality, particularly among older adults. Although air conditioning can mitigate heat strain, it may be inaccessible due to limited resources, high costs, or power outages. Consequently, cooling strategies other than air-conditioning are needed to mitigate excessive elevations in core temperature and cardiovascular strain in this population. While electric fans offer a low-cost and widely available intervention, their effectiveness in very hot conditions is minimized due to potential increases in heat gain and dehydration. In contrast, skin wetting is a promising low-cost and energy-free cooling strategy that enhances evaporative heat loss. PURPOSE: We tested the hypotheses …

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Sex Specific Differences In The Response To Short Term Muscle Disuse In Middle Aged Adults, Sean P. Kilroe, Zach Von Ruff, Hanna Kalenta, Emily Arentson-Lantz, Andrew J. Murton, Douglas Paddon-Jones, Blake B. Rasmussen Feb 2025

Sex Specific Differences In The Response To Short Term Muscle Disuse In Middle Aged Adults, Sean P. Kilroe, Zach Von Ruff, Hanna Kalenta, Emily Arentson-Lantz, Andrew J. Murton, Douglas Paddon-Jones, Blake B. Rasmussen

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Research on short term muscle disuse has demonstrated the numerous adverse effects it causes on skeletal muscle. These include reductions in function and mass, as well as insulin sensitivity, mitochondrial function and muscle protein synthesis. However, little is known about the sex specific differences in how males and females respond to muscle disuse. PURPOSE: To investigate the sex specific differences in how males and females respond to short term disuse. METHODS: Sixteen healthy, middle-aged adults (8 males; 57.9±1.8 yr; BMI 29.9±1.2 kg·m-2; 8 females; 55.1±1.6 yr; BMI 28.9±1.0 kg·m-2) underwent 7 days of unilateral leg immobilization …

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24-Hour Movement Behaviors And Neurodevelopmental Outcomes In Mexican Preschoolers: Exploring Bmi As A Potential Mediator, Christian Corral, Alejandra Jauregui De La Mota, Gabriela Argumedo, Armando G. Olvera, Nicolas Aguilar, Anthony D. Okely, Deborah Salvo Feb 2025

24-Hour Movement Behaviors And Neurodevelopmental Outcomes In Mexican Preschoolers: Exploring Bmi As A Potential Mediator, Christian Corral, Alejandra Jauregui De La Mota, Gabriela Argumedo, Armando G. Olvera, Nicolas Aguilar, Anthony D. Okely, Deborah Salvo

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Movement behaviors – sleep, sedentary behavior, and physical activity – affect children’s health. However, the differential effect of specific physical activity intensities remains understudied, particularly in low and middle income countries facing the double burden of disease. PURPOSE: To examine the associations of 24-hour movement behaviors on neurodevelopmental outcomes in Mexican preschoolers. We also explore the associations of movement behaviors with body mass index (BMI) and mediation by body mass index in the association with neurodevelopment. METHODS: 64 children (age = 4.36 ± 0.42 years, 48% female) in the Mexican pilot of the International Study of Movement Behaviors …

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The Effect Of Sjs/Ten On Skin Blood Flow And Sweating Responses During Heat Stress- Preliminary Data, Erin M. Harper, Elizabeth A. Gideon, Zachary J. Mckenna, Shivani Jain, Melissa M. Mauskar, Craig G. Crandall Feb 2025

The Effect Of Sjs/Ten On Skin Blood Flow And Sweating Responses During Heat Stress- Preliminary Data, Erin M. Harper, Elizabeth A. Gideon, Zachary J. Mckenna, Shivani Jain, Melissa M. Mauskar, Craig G. Crandall

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) is a severe disorder that is often caused by a rare reaction to medication that results in widespread blistering and peeling of skin and mucous membranes. This condition can progress to Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) if the affected region covers more than 30% of the patient’s body. After healing, histological assessments of the SJS/TEN affected areas suggest abnormal sweat ducts that may impair thermoregulation. Consistent with that observation, these patients also report heat intolerance which may be due to impaired thermoregulation. Skin blood flow and sweating are two primary mechanisms that contribute to thermoregulation. Thus, there is …

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Reliability Of Handgrip Strength Measurements And Their Relationship With Physical Performance Outcomes In Older Women, Alexandra Khartabil, Ty B. Palmer Feb 2025

Reliability Of Handgrip Strength Measurements And Their Relationship With Physical Performance Outcomes In Older Women, Alexandra Khartabil, Ty B. Palmer

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Handgrip strength measurements, such as peak force and rate of force development (RFD), are effective parameters at characterizing the strength capacities of numerous muscle groups in the upper and lower extremities. Previous studies have determined the reliability of handgrip peak force and RFD in young, college-aged adults. However, the reliability of these measurements in older adults remains unclear. It is also unclear if these measurements are associated with performance during sit-to-stand and medicine ball throw tests. PURPOSE: The primary aim of this study was to examine the reliability of handgrip peak force and RFD measurements in older women. A secondary …

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Muscle Metabolic Profile Following Acute Exercise In Mice With Constitutively Active Mtorc1, Hanna Kalenta, Sean P. Kilroe, Trevor B. Romsdahl, Erik D. Marchant, Rosario Maroto, Jennifer J. Linares, William K. Russell, Blake B. Rasmussen Feb 2025

Muscle Metabolic Profile Following Acute Exercise In Mice With Constitutively Active Mtorc1, Hanna Kalenta, Sean P. Kilroe, Trevor B. Romsdahl, Erik D. Marchant, Rosario Maroto, Jennifer J. Linares, William K. Russell, Blake B. Rasmussen

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

An increase in Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex I (mTORC1) kinase activity stimulates muscle protein synthesis in response to amino acids, growth factors, energy, and mechanical stimuli. We previously found muscle hypertrophy and increased mitochondrial respiration in resting mice with chronically active mTORC1 (i.e., an inducible skeletal muscle specific DEPDC5 knockout (KO) model), but no improvement in muscle quality and function. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the metabolic profile of skeletal muscle in DEPDC5 KO and wild-type (WT) male and female mice following 1-hour of treadmill exercise. METHODS: Targeted metabolomics was performed on quadricep …

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Blood Pressure And Vascular Response To Maximal Graded Exercise Tests In Young Men With Masked Hypertension, Keng-Yu Chang, Jonathan Pham, Zhaoli Liu, R Matthew Brothers, Chue-Lung Hwang Feb 2025

Blood Pressure And Vascular Response To Maximal Graded Exercise Tests In Young Men With Masked Hypertension, Keng-Yu Chang, Jonathan Pham, Zhaoli Liu, R Matthew Brothers, Chue-Lung Hwang

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Masked hypertension is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Individuals with masked hypertension have elevated out-of-office blood pressure (BP), but usually have normal office BP, making masked hypertension less likely to be diagnosed. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine whether in-laboratory measurements of BP and vascular function in response to exercise can serve as indicators of masked hypertension in young adults. METHODS: Thirty-three young men with normal office BP (<130/80 mmHg), free of smoking and clinical diseases, were included in this study. All participants underwent 24-hr ambulatory BP monitoring for determination of BP classification. Masked hypertension is defined as 24-hr average BP ≥125/75 mmHg, daytime BP ≥130/80 mmHg, or nighttime BP ≥110/65 mmHg. All participants received a comprehensive in-laboratory BP and vascular assessment in the supine position after a 10-min rest and after a maximal graded exercise test on a cycle ergometer. The assessment includes brachial and central BP, arterial stiffness measured as carotid to femoral pulse wave velocity, wave reflection measured as augmentation index and reflection magnitude, and endothelial function measured as flow-mediated dilation. RESULTS: Compared to normotensive participants (CON; n=17), those with masked hypertension (MH; n=16) had a higher level of 24-hr, daytime, and nighttime systolic BP …

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Impact Of Years Of Experience On The Stress Responses To Firefighting, Caiti Dodge, Macilynn Coles, Annette Zapp, Ryan J. Sowinski, Steven E. Martin, Lisa C. Colvin, Matthew J. Mcallister, Drew E. Gonzalez Feb 2025

Impact Of Years Of Experience On The Stress Responses To Firefighting, Caiti Dodge, Macilynn Coles, Annette Zapp, Ryan J. Sowinski, Steven E. Martin, Lisa C. Colvin, Matthew J. Mcallister, Drew E. Gonzalez

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Research demonstrates that firefighters (FF) experience elevated stress levels during live fire-training evolution (LFTE) scenarios, which is posited to exacerbate cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. However, whether these occupational stress response levels differ as an FF gains experience in the field has yet to be evaluated. PURPOSE: This study assessed the differences in stress response to a LFTE between FF with greater years of experience. METHODS: Forty-four (n=44) FF completed an annual clinical health assessment. Years of experience were used to delineate between less experienced (LOW; <6 years) and experienced FF (EXP). Salivary samples were collected baseline (BL), immediately post (POST), and 30- min post the LFTE and analyzed for α-amylase (AA), secretory immunoglobulin-A (SIgA), and cortisol (CORT). Data were analyzed via a general linear model (GLM) multivariate and univariate analysis. RESULTS: GLM analysis revealed an overall time effect (p<0.001, ηₚ²=0.216) with no group x time effect (p=0.796, ηₚ²=0.019) for the salivary stress biomarkers. The univariate analysis revealed time effects for AA (p<0.001, ηₚ²=0.244), SIgA (p<0.001, ηₚ²=0.261), and CORT (p=0.003, ηₚ²=0.133); however, no group x time effects were found for AA (p=0.481, ηₚ²=0.011), SIgA (p=0.817, ηₚ²=0.003), and CORT (p=0.511, ηₚ²=0.016). Immediately post-LFTE concentrations were significantly higher for AA (p<0.001), SIgA (p<0.001), and CORT (p=0.004) than at baseline. A significant group effect was found for AA (p=0.049, ηₚ²=0.089), with the LOW group having lower overall AA concentrations than the EXP group, whereas there were no group effects for CORT (p=0.427, ηₚ²=0.015) or SIgA (p=0.204, ηₚ²=0.038). CONCLUSION: These data demonstrate that years of experience do not impact the stress response to an LFTE. It is plausible that years of job experience can influence one’s ability to deal with occupational stress, yet future work should elucidate the impact of stress on CVD risk and occupational performance.

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Impact Of The Occupational Cardiorespiratory Fitness Standard On Firefighter Health Profiles, Macilynn E. Coles, Caiti Dodge, Lisa C. Colvin, Steven E. Martin, Matthew J. Mcallister, Drew E. Gonzalez Feb 2025

Impact Of The Occupational Cardiorespiratory Fitness Standard On Firefighter Health Profiles, Macilynn E. Coles, Caiti Dodge, Lisa C. Colvin, Steven E. Martin, Matthew J. Mcallister, Drew E. Gonzalez

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of premature mortality in firefighters. Previous work suggests that the relationship between CVD risk and oxidative stress (OS), inflammation, poor fitness, and body composition is elevated in firefighters. Variables including body fat distribution and blood glucose and lipid profiles can be impacted by a poor fitness level. This study provides insight into the potential health benefits of maintaining occupational CRF standards in relation to variables that increase CVD risk. PURPOSE: This study investigated whether FF health profiles differ based on occupational CRF standards. METHODS: 144 FF completed an annual clinical health …

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Music Enhances Motor Cortex Excitability In Physically Active Individuals, Anupama Thapa, Ana Carolina Panhan, Erin Lally, Joosung Kim Feb 2025

Music Enhances Motor Cortex Excitability In Physically Active Individuals, Anupama Thapa, Ana Carolina Panhan, Erin Lally, Joosung Kim

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Music is often used by exercisers and benefits physical performance. The positive effects of music on physical function are induced by the changes in motor cortex excitability while listening to music. Recent studies reveal that modulation of brain excitability in the hand is increased by music but is likely dependent on the characteristics of music tempo, preference, and the individual’s motivational state. No study has explicitly investigated whether music perceived as motivating for exercise creates changes in motor cortex excitability of the quadriceps. PURPOSE: This randomized crossover study examines the effect of the preferred music on motor cortex excitability …

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Goode Health Superfood Chocolate Blend Beverage Improves Indices Of Peripheral Vascular Health And Blood Lipid Profile, John Kolade, James E. Brown, Ario S. Moradi, Hannah E. Nagib, R Matthew Brothers Feb 2025

Goode Health Superfood Chocolate Blend Beverage Improves Indices Of Peripheral Vascular Health And Blood Lipid Profile, John Kolade, James E. Brown, Ario S. Moradi, Hannah E. Nagib, R Matthew Brothers

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the US and worldwide, influenced by various factors, including elevated blood lipids and impaired blood vessel function. The underlying mechanisms are multifactorial and involve increased vascular tone and/or reduced vascular reactivity, often resulting from diminished nitric oxide bioavailability due to elevated oxidative stress and inflammation. Diets and interventions rich in ingredients with antioxidant properties, such as polyphenols, and anti-inflammatory effects have been shown in clinical and epidemiological studies to reduce the risk of CVD and metabolic diseases. PURPOSE: This study tested the hypothesis that a 14-day, twice-daily consumption of …

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Sex Differences In Nutrient Gaps In Active Adults, Christine M. Florez, Christian Rodriguez, Philip Sapp, Jeremy Townsend, Grant M. Tinsley Feb 2025

Sex Differences In Nutrient Gaps In Active Adults, Christine M. Florez, Christian Rodriguez, Philip Sapp, Jeremy Townsend, Grant M. Tinsley

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

In the United States, the estimated average requirement (EAR) for a nutrient indicates the average daily intake level estimated to meet the requirement of 50% of healthy individuals. As defined by the United States Department of Agriculture, a “nutrient gap” is evaluated by comparing dietary intakes with EAR values of specific nutrients. Nutrient intake <100% of the EAR indicates a nutrient gap. While nutrient gaps have been characterized in the general population, these gaps are less clearly established in active adults. PURPOSE: To evaluate the presence of nutrient gaps within an active, healthy population and to determine if there are sex differences in nutrient gaps. METHODS: The dietary intakes of healthy, active males (n=380 records) and females (n=301 records) were collected using the National Institutes …

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The Impact Of Big Steps Obstacle Negotiation On Knee Extensor Control, Hip Abductor Activation, And Inter-Joint Coordination: A Potential Rehabilitation Strategy, Carly R. Biggerstaff, David Wyatt, Emery Nuner, Joshua Hermanns, Daniel Cabrera, Amirhossein Sanaei Ardakani Feb 2025

The Impact Of Big Steps Obstacle Negotiation On Knee Extensor Control, Hip Abductor Activation, And Inter-Joint Coordination: A Potential Rehabilitation Strategy, Carly R. Biggerstaff, David Wyatt, Emery Nuner, Joshua Hermanns, Daniel Cabrera, Amirhossein Sanaei Ardakani

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Navigating obstacles while walking is a critical daily activity that requires both precise coordination and balance control, which has significant implications for fall prevention and rehabilitation. PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the biomechanical and neuromuscular mechanisms that underlie balance strategies during normal and big step obstacle crossing. METHODS: Twelve healthy young adults (ages 20–24) performed leap-style crossovers of a 15 cm (5.90”) high, 45° angled obstacle under two conditions: normal and big steps. Participants ensured their dominant leg landed on a force plate, entering the single-limb support (SLS) phase for analysis. One-way repeated ANOVA was used for …

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The Caloric Cost Of Self-Paced Exercise In Total Body Tabata, Treadmill Running Tabata, And Continuous Treadmill Running., Lily Hargrove, Austin Dunn, James Rowe Feb 2025

The Caloric Cost Of Self-Paced Exercise In Total Body Tabata, Treadmill Running Tabata, And Continuous Treadmill Running., Lily Hargrove, Austin Dunn, James Rowe

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

PURPOSE: Compare the energy expenditure (EE) of three exercise bouts when performed at a self-selected pace. METHODS: Active men (n=11) and women (n=9) performed 3 separate exercise bouts at a self-selected pace: total body Tabata (TBT), treadmill running Tabata (TRT), and continuous running (CONT) in a counterbalanced manner. Bouts consisted of a 10-minute rest period, 25-minutes of exercise, and a 25-minute recovery period. TBT consisted of repeated cycles of body calisthenics for 20 seconds with 10-seconds rest in between. TRT consisted of repeated sprints on a treadmill in the same manner as TBT. CONT was continuous running on a …

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Reproducibility Of The Autonomic Response During Anticipatory Stress, Jenna-Marie Beisert, Jennifer Bigalke, Jeremy Bigalke, Jason Carter Feb 2025

Reproducibility Of The Autonomic Response During Anticipatory Stress, Jenna-Marie Beisert, Jennifer Bigalke, Jeremy Bigalke, Jason Carter

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Mental stress increases blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR), although muscle sympathetic nerve reactivity (MSNA) differs between individuals. PURPOSE: Anticipatory stress alone causes a cardiovascular and autonomic response to a stressful situation before it occurs. However, the reproducibility of the autonomic response to anticipatory stress remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the reproducibility of the autonomic response to anticipatory stress in healthy adults. We hypothesize the autonomic system will have a reproducible response during anticipatory stress. METHODS: Twenty-one adults (9 male, 12 female; 25±6 years old, BMI: 24± 3kg/m2) underwent the …

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A Telehealth-Based, Top-Down Approach To Enhancing Mental Toughness Among Athletics Department Staff, Cameron Blaies, Grant Morgan, Andreas Stamatis Feb 2025

A Telehealth-Based, Top-Down Approach To Enhancing Mental Toughness Among Athletics Department Staff, Cameron Blaies, Grant Morgan, Andreas Stamatis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Mental toughness (MT) is a critical factor associated with performance indicators, such as athletic success and mental well-being, encompassing a mindset that is purposeful, efficient, and flexible in responding to challenges. Despite this, there is a lack of research on MT among athletics department staff, a group integral to supporting athlete performance and driving organizational success. From an organizational psychology perspective, a top-down approach (focusing on the MT of leadership and support staff) has the potential to cascade benefits throughout the organization; yet, it remains underutilized in this context, where efforts typically prioritize athletes. Moreover, the distinct nature of student-facing …

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Changes In Gait Patterns: Indicators Of Increased Fall Risk Across Diverse Age Groups, Diego Diaz-Vega, Heontae Kim, Ho Han, Jungyu Lee, Fatima Siddiqua Feb 2025

Changes In Gait Patterns: Indicators Of Increased Fall Risk Across Diverse Age Groups, Diego Diaz-Vega, Heontae Kim, Ho Han, Jungyu Lee, Fatima Siddiqua

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Gait patterns, including measures such as velocity, step length differential, and various temporal aspects of the gait cycle, are essential indicators of an individual's mobility and balance. With aging, changes in these gait metrics are commonly observed and are closely linked to an increased risk of falls. However, detailed evidence on gait changes across different age groups remains limited, particularly in healthy adults. PURPOSE: The primary aim of this study is to identify key gait metrics and evaluate their potential as indicators of increased fall risk across diverse age groups. METHODS: A total of 252 healthy adults aged …

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Accumulated Seasonal Effects Of External Training Load On Performance, Sydnei Mooring, Harsh Buddhadev, Mayrena I. Hernandez, Jennifer Bunn Feb 2025

Accumulated Seasonal Effects Of External Training Load On Performance, Sydnei Mooring, Harsh Buddhadev, Mayrena I. Hernandez, Jennifer Bunn

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

External training load (ETL), which characterizes the mechanical stress sustained during physical activity, is a key determinant of athletic performance. Understanding seasonal variations in ETL provides valuable insight for optimizing performance and reducing overuse injury risk in volleyball, a sport heavily reliant on vertical jumping actions. PURPOSE: To examine seasonal variations in ETL and performance metrics in high school volleyball athletes, with a specific focus on jump-related mechanical variables. METHODS: This study involved secondary analysis of data collected during a prospective observational study of a 6A high school volleyball team competing in the 2021 Texas University Interscholastic League. Data from …

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A 6-Week Lagree Intervention Improves Dynamic Balance And Functional Movement Screen Performance, Mayrena I. Hernandez, Jose N. Romo, Nia Matthews, Mary L. Williams, Christopher D. Greenleaf, Samuel T. Lauman, Cynthia Trowbridge, Harsh H. Buddhadev Feb 2025

A 6-Week Lagree Intervention Improves Dynamic Balance And Functional Movement Screen Performance, Mayrena I. Hernandez, Jose N. Romo, Nia Matthews, Mary L. Williams, Christopher D. Greenleaf, Samuel T. Lauman, Cynthia Trowbridge, Harsh H. Buddhadev

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Lagree methodology is an increasingly popular novel progressive exercise program similar to Pilates. However, no research has prospectively examined its effects on functional performance and balance. PURPOSE: To determine the effectiveness of a 6-week Lagree methodology program on functional performance and balance in healthy adults. METHODS: Eight healthy adults (6F, 26±10 years, 71.6± 22.1 kg, 163±12 cm) participated in this exploratory case series. Participants completed all 7 movement components of the Functional Movement Screen (FMS) and Lower Quarter Y-Balance Test pre- and post-intervention. This 6-week Lagree program involved progressive resistance training via 11 different exercises (e.g., planks, runner’s lunge squat, …

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'Super' Shoes Alter Jump Kinematics, But Not Kinetics, Marshall Tousant, Chaehyun Byun, Cheyenne Martinez, Michael D. Oldham, Vipa Bernhardt Feb 2025

'Super' Shoes Alter Jump Kinematics, But Not Kinetics, Marshall Tousant, Chaehyun Byun, Cheyenne Martinez, Michael D. Oldham, Vipa Bernhardt

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

‘Super’ shoes improve running economy and endurance running performance (Hoogkamer et al, 2018; Joubert & Jones, 2022). However, they do not appear to improve jump performance or balance (Tousant et al. 2024). ‘Super’ shoes are designed with a light-weight, highly compliant and resilient midsole foam and a rigid carbon fiber plate. The foam material can store mechanical energy, i.e., compliance, and return the energy, i.e., resilience (Worobets et al, 2014); while the carbon fiber plate increases bending stiffness and manipulates the leverage of the ankle and metatarsophalangeal point, propelling the body upward and forward (Roy & Stefanyshyn, 2006). PURPOSE: The …

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Targeted Soleus Muscle Activation Enhances Very Low-Density Lipoprotein Triglyceride Metabolism Via Lipoprotein Lipase, Daniel P. Leblanc, Marc T. Hamilton Feb 2025

Targeted Soleus Muscle Activation Enhances Very Low-Density Lipoprotein Triglyceride Metabolism Via Lipoprotein Lipase, Daniel P. Leblanc, Marc T. Hamilton

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is the rate limiting enzyme for tissue specific plasma triglyceride (TG) utilization. There is a strong causal link between LPL and cardiovascular health. PURPOSE: Our translational studies investigated the soleus muscle aiming to answer the following questions: What are the mechanisms responsible for the potent process of regulating LPL within the soleus muscle? Can individuals with low fitness levels capitalize on the unique phenotype of the soleus muscle to markedly enhance systemic plasma lipid metabolism through localized contractile activity, even though the muscle constitutes only ~1% of body weight? METHODS: We began by testing the hypothesis that …

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Impact Of Age On Firefighter Health And Fitness Outcomes, Jisun Chun, Michael J. Conner, Ryan J. Sowinski, Lisa C. Colvin, Steven E. Martin, Drew E. Gonzalez Feb 2025

Impact Of Age On Firefighter Health And Fitness Outcomes, Jisun Chun, Michael J. Conner, Ryan J. Sowinski, Lisa C. Colvin, Steven E. Martin, Drew E. Gonzalez

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Research indicates that cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk among firefighters (FF) may be influenced by factors like oxidative stress, inflammation, low fitness levels, and body composition, with age potentially playing a role in risk variation. It is well established that age is an independent CVD risk factor, but limited data exist concerning the impact of age on FF health and fitness. PURPOSE: This study assessed the impact of CRF on the stress response to a live-fire training evolution (LFTE). METHODS: 144 FF completed an annual clinical health assessment. Shapiro-Wilk Test was used to assess normality. One-way ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis …

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Elevated Mtorc1 Signaling In Skeletal Muscle Alters Mitochondrial Dynamics And H2o2 Production And Exacerbates Diet-Induced Hyperglycemia, Erik D. Marchant, Hanna Kalenta, Sean P. Kilroe, Jacquelyn May, Blake B. Rasmussen Feb 2025

Elevated Mtorc1 Signaling In Skeletal Muscle Alters Mitochondrial Dynamics And H2o2 Production And Exacerbates Diet-Induced Hyperglycemia, Erik D. Marchant, Hanna Kalenta, Sean P. Kilroe, Jacquelyn May, Blake B. Rasmussen

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The mechanisms underlying skeletal muscle insulin resistance are not completely understood, but altered signaling through mTORC1 is associated with insulin resistance. PURPOSE: Determine if the disruption of the GATOR1 complex and subsequent mTORC1 hyperactivation is sufficient to drive insulin resistance in skeletal muscle with or without a western diet. METHODS: Muscle-specific DEPDC5 (a component of GATOR1) knockout mice or littermate controls were administered a western diet or control synthetic chow for 12 weeks and assessed for fasting glucose and insulin, oral glucose tolerance, and mitochondrial dynamics and function (respiration and H2O2 production). RESULTS: Western diet increased fasting …

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Bioimpedance Minimally Improves Prediction Of Bone Mineral Density Beyond Demographic Information Alone, Julia A. Whitson, Christian Rodriguez, Christine M. Florez, Ethan Tinoco, Joao P. Cardoso, Jaylynn Rasco, Sieneh Francis, Grant M. Tinsley Feb 2025

Bioimpedance Minimally Improves Prediction Of Bone Mineral Density Beyond Demographic Information Alone, Julia A. Whitson, Christian Rodriguez, Christine M. Florez, Ethan Tinoco, Joao P. Cardoso, Jaylynn Rasco, Sieneh Francis, Grant M. Tinsley

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Bone mineral content (BMC) serves as an important indicator of osteoporosis risk. Traditional methods of BMC estimation include using demographic information within prediction equations, which draw from population trends but may not reflect individual variance in BMC. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) provides a more accurate assessment of BMC but may pose challenges in clinical settings due to certification requirements, cost, and space requirements. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) has shown promise in correlating with BMC and may offer an intriguing alternative due to its accessibility, but its efficacy compared to traditional methods remains largely unexplored. PURPOSE: Quantify the contribution of BIA …

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No Impact Of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Classification On The Stress Response To Firefighting, Kelly Hines, Ryan Sowinski, Steven E. Martin, Lisa C. Colvin, Matthew J. Mcallister, Drew E. Gonzalez Feb 2025

No Impact Of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Classification On The Stress Response To Firefighting, Kelly Hines, Ryan Sowinski, Steven E. Martin, Lisa C. Colvin, Matthew J. Mcallister, Drew E. Gonzalez

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Firefighters (FF) experience elevations in stress biomarkers during live-fire suppression, which is posited to exacerbate cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. It is unclear if the physiological stress response differs between low-risk (LOW) and moderate-risk (MOD) FF classified by the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) standards. PURPOSE: This study assessed the differences in stress response to a live fire-training evolution (LFTE) between LOW and MOD CVD risk classification groups. METHODS: Forty-four (n=44) FF completed an annual clinical health assessment, wherein they were risk-stratified in LOW or MOD classifications based on the ACSM criteria. Saliva samples were collected baseline (BL), …

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The Effect Of Menstrual Cycle Phase On Igf-1 And Myostatin After An Acute Bout Of Anaerobic Exercise: A Preliminary Analysis, Kelsi R. Lambright, Cayla Clark, Ashley Latchford, Edwin J. Davila, Dan E. Newmire Feb 2025

The Effect Of Menstrual Cycle Phase On Igf-1 And Myostatin After An Acute Bout Of Anaerobic Exercise: A Preliminary Analysis, Kelsi R. Lambright, Cayla Clark, Ashley Latchford, Edwin J. Davila, Dan E. Newmire

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Hormonal fluctuations throughout the menstrual cycle influence various physiological processes, including skeletal muscle metabolism. Understanding how anabolic and catabolic pathways respond to anaerobic exercise in females is crucial for uncovering the mechanisms behind muscle adaptations. The limited research on the influence of menstrual cycle fluctuations on muscle metabolism underscores the need for this study and further exploration of exercise physiology in females. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of menstrual cycle phases on the anabolic hormone-insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and the catabolic regulator myostatin (GDF-8) in response to a bout of anaerobic exercise in eumenorrheic …

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Body Composition Impacts Jump Performance In D1 Athletes, Veronika Kramarenko, Vipa Bernhardt, Michael D. Oldham, Brian Jones, Ouays Bakcha, Chaehyun Byun, Cheyenne Martinez, Joseph Mcclain, Marshall Tousant Feb 2025

Body Composition Impacts Jump Performance In D1 Athletes, Veronika Kramarenko, Vipa Bernhardt, Michael D. Oldham, Brian Jones, Ouays Bakcha, Chaehyun Byun, Cheyenne Martinez, Joseph Mcclain, Marshall Tousant

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

INTRODUCTION: Body composition is critical in athletic performance, influencing metrics such as jump height and force production. Variations in body composition, such as increased lean tissue mass and reduced fat mass, have been identified as strong predictors of superior jump performance due to their positive effects on power-to-weight ratios and reduced injury risk (MacDonald et al., 2013). Lean mass is strongly correlated with improved jump performance, as greater lean mass enhances muscle cross-sectional area and, consequently, the force and power generated during physical activities like countermovement jumps (CMJ) (Stephenson et al., 2015). Low body fat percentages are generally associated with …

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Anaerobic Capacity Predicts Firefighter Job Tasks, Chaehyun Byun, Cheyenne Martinez, Marshall Tousant, Vipa Bernhardt, Michael D. Oldham, Hussien Jabai Feb 2025

Anaerobic Capacity Predicts Firefighter Job Tasks, Chaehyun Byun, Cheyenne Martinez, Marshall Tousant, Vipa Bernhardt, Michael D. Oldham, Hussien Jabai

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

INTRODUCTION: Several studies reported physical inactivity in up to two-thirds of firefighters; however, firefighters’ job tasks, such as carrying heavy equipment or climbing stairs, require strong aerobic fitness, anaerobic capacity, muscular endurance, and strength. Due to the high recommended physical ability, firefighters are required to participate in physical activity to enhance job performance and lower injury risk (Smith, 2011). Beitia et al. (2022) reported that physical ability test performance and anaerobic systems are significantly correlated. A recent study conducted by the author indicated that firefighter job tasks correlate with push-ups and 300-yard shuttle runs the most (Byun, 2024). PURPOSE: The …

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