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Articles 811 - 840 of 16401
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Acute Strength Adaptations To Autoregulatory Progressive Resistance Exercise Using Relative Adjustments, Annalee G. Krahn, Andrew West, Dylan J. Harty, Jenaya V. Brown, Micheal Luera, Andrew A. Wolfe
Acute Strength Adaptations To Autoregulatory Progressive Resistance Exercise Using Relative Adjustments, Annalee G. Krahn, Andrew West, Dylan J. Harty, Jenaya V. Brown, Micheal Luera, Andrew A. Wolfe
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Autoregulatory progressive resistance exercise (APRE) allows daily fluctuation in training load, therefore, aligning with current participant readiness. Previous literature indicates APRE as superior for strength adaptations compared to traditional linear periodization. However, traditional APRE utilizes absolute load adjustments, contradicting positive implications associated with percentage-based training. PURPOSE: Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate acute strength adaptations using a novel relative APRE (r-APRE) training program. METHODS: Nine resistance trained males (m ± sd; age: 21.3 ± 2.2yrs; height: 175.8 ± 6.7cm; weight: 65.6 ± 17.8kg) underwent 1 repetition maximum (1RM) testing for back squat (BS), bench …
Influence Of Autoregulatory Progressive Resistance Exercise On Motor Unit Firing Patterns, Sarah N. Fambro, Sierra M. Washington, Annalee G. Krahn, Calvin D. Smith, Andru N. Botello, Adriana Alonso Gomez, Andrew A. Wolfe, Micheal J. Luera
Influence Of Autoregulatory Progressive Resistance Exercise On Motor Unit Firing Patterns, Sarah N. Fambro, Sierra M. Washington, Annalee G. Krahn, Calvin D. Smith, Andru N. Botello, Adriana Alonso Gomez, Andrew A. Wolfe, Micheal J. Luera
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
An autoregulatory progressive resistance exercise (APRE) training regimen adjusts intensity and volume according to an individual's daily performance and levels of fatigue. This training style may lead to distinct effects on neuromuscular adaptations due to the consistent demand of optimized motor unit recruitment during high-intensity exercises. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a 4-week APRE program on motor unit firing patterns in resistance-trained men. METHODS: Seven resistance trained males (age: 21 ± 2.3yrs; height: 176.5 ± 6.8cm; weight: 70.2 ± 17.8kg) participated in a 4-week APRE program. All participants completed pre and post testing …
Angiotensin Ii Induced Hypertension Induces Dna Damage Associated Gene Expression In Visceral Adipose, Nathan Cuellar, Sogol Zahedi, David J. Buckley, Daniel W. Trott
Angiotensin Ii Induced Hypertension Induces Dna Damage Associated Gene Expression In Visceral Adipose, Nathan Cuellar, Sogol Zahedi, David J. Buckley, Daniel W. Trott
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Advanced age remains the most important risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. Aging is also the major risk factor for hypertension and is associated with chronic inflammation and senescent cell accumulation. Cellular senescence, a state of irreversible cell cycle arrest, is characterized by cell cycle arrest and the secretion of inflammatory mediators known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Senescent cells have been demonstrated to accumulate in the adipose tissue of old mice. Although cellular senescence plays a role in age-related vascular dysfunction, it is unknown whether hypertension can induce cellular senescence independent of age. PURPOSE: This study …
Comparison Of Reds Risk Factors In Physique Focused And Non-Physique Focused Collegiate Athletes In The Dfw Metroplex, Nicole Cipriano, Diana Kolb, Ross Moody, Nicholas Lopez, Jason Stephens, Sarah Deemer
Comparison Of Reds Risk Factors In Physique Focused And Non-Physique Focused Collegiate Athletes In The Dfw Metroplex, Nicole Cipriano, Diana Kolb, Ross Moody, Nicholas Lopez, Jason Stephens, Sarah Deemer
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Physique-focused (PF) sports have a higher emphasis on aesthetics as an aspect for performance compared to non-physique-focused (NPF) sports. PF sports emphasize body image, leading athletes to prioritize leanness or low body weight, which could put them at increased risk for Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs). PURPOSE: This study aims to compare weight, body composition, bone mineral density (BMD), and EDE-Q global score between PF and NPF athletes to assess potential REDs risk. METHODS: 35 current Division I or II collegiate athletes from the DFW metroplex participated in this study. During a morning fasted visit (0700-0900), participants …
Estimation Of Constant Power Cycle Ergometer Work Rates Using Responses In Incremental Exercise Tests, Ethan Hein, Sarah Deemer, Lydia K. Caldwell, Brady Mclain, Jacob Mcnary, Austin Shaw, David W. Hill
Estimation Of Constant Power Cycle Ergometer Work Rates Using Responses In Incremental Exercise Tests, Ethan Hein, Sarah Deemer, Lydia K. Caldwell, Brady Mclain, Jacob Mcnary, Austin Shaw, David W. Hill
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
The severe exercise intensity domain is defined as the range of work rates that is sustainable for ~2 to 30 minutes and will elicit maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). Laboratory controlled study designs often require a more stringent timeframe (e.g. 10 - 14 minutes) for achieving VO2max, making selection of individualized work rates a challenging task. PURPOSE: This study aimed to develop a regression equation to predict cycle ergometer work rates that would elicit VO2max and result in fatigue in ~12min (W12min). METHODS: Three women (mean ± SD, age, 23 ± 4 y; height, 168 ± 13 cm; body mass, 69 …
Increases In Knee Extension Muscle Activation But Not Peak Torque Following High Intensity Training, Adriana Alonso Gomez, Sierra M. Washignton, Annalee G. Krahn, Sarah N. Fambro, Andrew J. West, Andru N. Botello, Adam C. Avalos, Andrew A. Wolfe, Michael J. Luera
Increases In Knee Extension Muscle Activation But Not Peak Torque Following High Intensity Training, Adriana Alonso Gomez, Sierra M. Washignton, Annalee G. Krahn, Sarah N. Fambro, Andrew J. West, Andru N. Botello, Adam C. Avalos, Andrew A. Wolfe, Michael J. Luera
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Autoregulatory progressive resistance exercise (APRE) modulates training intensity in response to individual performance to optimize increases in muscular strength. Muscular activation patterns during maximal torque production can provide additional insight to increased strength following an APRE training intervention. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a 4-week APRE training program on peak torque and muscle activation in the vastus lateralis (VL) during maximal voluntary isokinetic knee extension. METHODS: Eight resistance trained males (age: 21.5 ± 2.3yrs; height: 176.5 ± 6.8cm; weight: 70.3 ± 17.8kg) participated in upper- and lower-body APRE 4-times per week for 4-weeks. …
Does Probe Positioning And Pressure Effect The Reliability Of M-Wave Max?, Sierra M. Washington, Jocarol E. Shields, Alejandra Barerra-Curiel, Annalee Krahn, Jesus Hernandez-Sarabia, Cameron Mackey, Calvin D. Smith, Jason M. Defreitas, Micheal J. Luera
Does Probe Positioning And Pressure Effect The Reliability Of M-Wave Max?, Sierra M. Washington, Jocarol E. Shields, Alejandra Barerra-Curiel, Annalee Krahn, Jesus Hernandez-Sarabia, Cameron Mackey, Calvin D. Smith, Jason M. Defreitas, Micheal J. Luera
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Appropriate assessment of nerve function is vital to establish the outcomes of neuromuscular excitability, muscle activation, and the standardization of electromyographic data. Further, the determination of this measure has clinical relevance in the diagnosis of nerve disorders. However, factors such as probe orientation and pressure may lead to inconsistencies in the accurate assessment of nerve function. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the interrater reliability of varying probe orientations and pressures on the maximal m-wave (M-wavemax). METHODS: Fourteen females and ten males (age: 20.9 ± 2.2yrs) underwent electrical stimulation to the median nerve and M-wavemax …
Effects Of Autoregulatory Progressive Resistance Exercise On Upper-Body Rate Of Force Development And Cross-Sectional Area, Andru N. Botello, Sierra M. Washington, Annalee G. Krahn, Andrew J. West, Dylan J. Harty, Jenaya V. Brown, Mason A. Crews, Sarah N. Fambro, Adriana Alonso Gomez, Andrew A. Wolfe, Micheal J. Luera
Effects Of Autoregulatory Progressive Resistance Exercise On Upper-Body Rate Of Force Development And Cross-Sectional Area, Andru N. Botello, Sierra M. Washington, Annalee G. Krahn, Andrew J. West, Dylan J. Harty, Jenaya V. Brown, Mason A. Crews, Sarah N. Fambro, Adriana Alonso Gomez, Andrew A. Wolfe, Micheal J. Luera
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Rate of force development (RFD) is used to measure explosive strength during a rapid contraction of a muscle action and is also important for athletes who prioritize explosiveness and quickness. Reports indicate autoregulatory progressive resistance exercise (APRE) yields greater physical performance adaptations than traditional linear periodization models. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare isometric bench press RFD and skeletal muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) of the triceps longhead following 4-weeks of an APRE training program. METHODS: Eight resistance trained males (age: 21.5 ± 2.3yrs; height: 176.5 ± 6.8cm; weight: 70.3 ± 17.8kg) participated in a 4-week …
No Changes In Lower-Body Muscle Size And Force Characteristics Following Short-Term Autoregulatory Progressive Resistance Exercise, Andrew J. West, Sierra M. Washington, Annalee G. Krahn, Dylan J. Harty, Jenaya V. Brown, Mason A. Crews, Andru N. Botello, Sarah N. Fambro, Adriana Alonso Gomez, Andrew A. Wolfe, Micheal J. Luera
No Changes In Lower-Body Muscle Size And Force Characteristics Following Short-Term Autoregulatory Progressive Resistance Exercise, Andrew J. West, Sierra M. Washington, Annalee G. Krahn, Dylan J. Harty, Jenaya V. Brown, Mason A. Crews, Andru N. Botello, Sarah N. Fambro, Adriana Alonso Gomez, Andrew A. Wolfe, Micheal J. Luera
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Autoregulatory progressive resistance exercise (APRE) programs dynamically adjust training intensity based on individual performance. The use of an APRE training program may provide further insight into the mechanisms that contribute to acceleration in strength gains and muscular hypertrophy. These mechanisms can be examined through the change in rate of force development (RFD) and cross-sectional area (CSA) following a mid-thigh pull. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine changes in muscle morphology, peak force, and RFD in the VL following a 4-week APRE training program. METHODS: Eight resistance trained males (age: 21.5 ± 2.3yrs; height: 176.5 ± …
The Relationship Between Traditional Performance Measures Countermovement Jump Testing In Youth Female Soccer Athletes, Samiha Momin, Haley Goble, Roxanne Miller, Shari Liberman, Bradley Lambert
The Relationship Between Traditional Performance Measures Countermovement Jump Testing In Youth Female Soccer Athletes, Samiha Momin, Haley Goble, Roxanne Miller, Shari Liberman, Bradley Lambert
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Jump testing using electronic force plates has gained interest in sport and rehabilitation settings for evaluating performance and recovery across all levels, from youth to professional. While these devices produce extensive data on jump metrics, little information exists on how they relate to traditional sport performance measures used in athletic or therapy settings for youth athletes. PURPOSE: Examine the relationship between countermovement jump (CMJ) testing measures assessed via the VALD ForceDecks Lite® force plate system and common sport performance tests associated with lower extremity strength, power, agility, and injury risk in elite youth soccer athletes. METHODS: All procedures for …
Correlating Visuomotor And Cognitive Assessments To Marksmanship In Police Cadets, Hussien Jabai, Micah Justice, Michael Oldham, Vipa Bernhardt
Correlating Visuomotor And Cognitive Assessments To Marksmanship In Police Cadets, Hussien Jabai, Micah Justice, Michael Oldham, Vipa Bernhardt
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Tests such as the Eriksen Flanker Task, and the Cue and Go test are commonly used to directly measure police cadet cognitive performance. A light board task is a type of cognitive task that typically involves the use of a visual board, often illuminated, to assess or stimulate cognitive processes such as attention, perception, memory, and executive functioning. There is little to no information about comparisons made between lightboard cognitive performance and marksmanship accuracy within the police cadet population. PURPOSE: Evaluate the correlations found between lightboard cognitive tasks (Tactical 1, Tactical 2) and police cadet marksmanship scores. METHODS: 12 police …
Comparison Of Ncaa D1 Women’S Basketball Game Day And Previous Practice Training Loads, Kyle Jean, Karissa A. Mesquita, David Clark, Yasuki Sekiguchi
Comparison Of Ncaa D1 Women’S Basketball Game Day And Previous Practice Training Loads, Kyle Jean, Karissa A. Mesquita, David Clark, Yasuki Sekiguchi
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Game day training loads in NCAA Division I Women’s Basketball players differ significantly from practice loads, emphasizing the intense physical demands of competition. Analyzing these variations is crucial for optimizing training strategies, balancing workload, and enhancing recovery. PURPOSE: Examining the game day and the previous week training load before each game in NCAA D1 Women’s Basketball players. METHODS: Eleven females (Age: 22±2years, Height: 183.41±8.92cm, Weight: 84.62±18.78kg) NCAA D1 Women’s Basketball players donned accelerometer units for games and practices from October 2023 through March 2024. Variables collected by the units include Total Distance, Duration, Accumulated Acceleration Load, High Speed …
Effect Of Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibition On Exercise Hyperemia In Older Adults, Harrison A. Peyrovi, Steven A. Romero, Johnathan D. Tune, Ysabella Ruiz-Pick, Asim Kichloo, Gregory M. Dick, Brenda L. Gilliland
Effect Of Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibition On Exercise Hyperemia In Older Adults, Harrison A. Peyrovi, Steven A. Romero, Johnathan D. Tune, Ysabella Ruiz-Pick, Asim Kichloo, Gregory M. Dick, Brenda L. Gilliland
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Skeletal muscle blood flow is attenuated in older adults performing dynamic exercise which is due, in part, to impaired local vasodilatory mechanisms. Recent preclinical and clinical studies have shown that sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors improve vasodilator function at rest. However, the extent to which this improvement extends to exercise is unknown. PURPOSE: To test the hypothesis that compared with placebo, short-term administration of an SGLT2 inhibitor will increase skeletal muscle blood flow in older adults performing unilateral plantar flexion exercise via increased vascular conductance. METHODS: We utilized a randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled crossover design. Four older adults (3 women; age …
Comparison Of 3-Dimensional Scanning And Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry For Body Composition Estimation In Muscular, Resistance-Trained Adults, Sieneh P. Francis, Christian Rodriguez, Christine Florez, Ethan Tinoco, Joao Paulo Cardoso, Jaylynn Rasco, Julia Whitson, Grant Tinsley
Comparison Of 3-Dimensional Scanning And Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry For Body Composition Estimation In Muscular, Resistance-Trained Adults, Sieneh P. Francis, Christian Rodriguez, Christine Florez, Ethan Tinoco, Joao Paulo Cardoso, Jaylynn Rasco, Julia Whitson, Grant Tinsley
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Accurate body composition analysis is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of health and performance. While dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is a widely accepted laboratory method, 3D scanners offer a convenient alternative. However, the validity of these technologies in resistance-trained adults remains uncertain. PURPOSE: This study compared the accuracy of professional and smartphone-based 3D scanning technology with DXA for estimating fat-free mass (FFM) and body fat percentage (BF%) in muscular, resistance-trained individuals. METHODS: Resistance-trained participants who met prespecified criteria for BF% and fat-free mass index (FFMI) were evaluated using DXA (GE iDXA), a professional 3D scanner (Size Stream …
Co-Existence Of St-Segment Depression And Exaggerated Systolic Blood Pressure Response In Older Runners, Kazumasa Manabe, Owen N. Beck, Justus Ortega, Hirofumi Tanaka
Co-Existence Of St-Segment Depression And Exaggerated Systolic Blood Pressure Response In Older Runners, Kazumasa Manabe, Owen N. Beck, Justus Ortega, Hirofumi Tanaka
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Regular exercise is known to confer substantial benefits for cardiovascular health. However, long-distance runners with abnormal exercise electrocardiography like ST-segment depression have been reported to show a higher prevalence of exercise-induced hypertension, which may link to future cardiovascular events. In recent years, the recommendation to screen and assess cardiovascular risks has extended to various populations including chronically active and seemingly healthy older athletes. PURPOSE: In the retrospective analysis of a previous research study to evaluate walking economy in older adults, we observed a fairly high occurrence of both ST segment depression and peak systolic BP in older endurance-trained athletes. …
Preliminary Analysis Of Physiological Changes In Collegiate Artistic Swimmers During Competition Season: A Prospective Study, Ashley M. Latchford, Kelsi Lambright, Colton Sopher, Dan E. Newmire
Preliminary Analysis Of Physiological Changes In Collegiate Artistic Swimmers During Competition Season: A Prospective Study, Ashley M. Latchford, Kelsi Lambright, Colton Sopher, Dan E. Newmire
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Despite the increasing popularity and competitiveness of artistic swimming, female athletes in this sport remain understudied. PURPOSE: The objective of this study is to examine the physiological changes experienced by female collegiate artistic swimmers throughout a competition season, from pre-season to late-season. Since artistic swimming lacks mechanical stress and involves reduced gravitational forces due to water immersion, there is concern of reduced bone mineral density (BMD) over time. Decreased calorie intake whilst increasing practice session duration can cause menstrual cycle irregularity, which may also negatively affect BMD and the health of female athletes. By offering detailed insights into the physiological …
Non-Linear Relationship Between Mental Toughness And Anxiety In Ncaa Athletes: Unexpected Mid-Range Vulnerability, Gabriel Rollins, Ernest Rimer, Xavier Smith, Nathan Wells, Brett Hayes, Jennifer Daily, Christopher Peters, Andreas Stamatis
Non-Linear Relationship Between Mental Toughness And Anxiety In Ncaa Athletes: Unexpected Mid-Range Vulnerability, Gabriel Rollins, Ernest Rimer, Xavier Smith, Nathan Wells, Brett Hayes, Jennifer Daily, Christopher Peters, Andreas Stamatis
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Elite athletes often experience various anxiety symptoms and disorders that, if left untreated, can negatively impact their mental well-being, psychological functioning, and athletic performance. While mental toughness (MT) is generally viewed as advantageous in terms of mental health (MH) outcomes, previous research has suggested that excessively high MT levels may lead to maladaptive behaviors, such as ignoring injuries or delaying help-seeking, which can exacerbate MH challenges. Lately, official organizations (e.g., NCAA) have emphasized the need for structured and regular MH screening (e.g., anxiety) of elite athletes. PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between MT and anxiety in NCAA student-athletes, specifically …
Vascular Responses During Steady-State Exercise In Adults With Type 1 Diabetes, Ruby A. Nyarko, Ashlesha D. Dalve, Justo Perez Iii, Pratima V. Kumar, Jasdeep Kaur
Vascular Responses During Steady-State Exercise In Adults With Type 1 Diabetes, Ruby A. Nyarko, Ashlesha D. Dalve, Justo Perez Iii, Pratima V. Kumar, Jasdeep Kaur
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is associated with widespread hyperglycemia-induced vascular damage, which affects both conduit and resistance arteries. This damage has been demonstrated by impaired vasodilatory responses to a 5-minute ischemic stimulus (flow-mediated dilation) and infusion of pharmacological vasodilators in patients with T1D. However, whether this vascular impairment affects blood flow regulation during steady-state exercise in T1D remains unclear. PURPOSE: Herein, we tested the hypothesis that adults with T1D would exhibit blunted forearm blood flow (FBF) and forearm vascular conductance (FVC) during steady-state rhythmic handgrip exercise (RHG), compared to age-matched healthy controls. METHODS: We studied 27 adults (15 …
Examining The Relationship Of E-Cigarette Vapor Exposure And Exercise Performance In Aerobically Trained Rats, Miranda N. Farrar, Nancy Morales
Examining The Relationship Of E-Cigarette Vapor Exposure And Exercise Performance In Aerobically Trained Rats, Miranda N. Farrar, Nancy Morales
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Electronic cigarettes, or e-cigarettes, are alternatives to traditional cigarettes and they are rapidly growing in popularity. These electronic nicotine delivery systems heat up nicotine and vehicle liquids to deliver nicotine to the user via vapor rather than smoke. Although they are touted as a “healthier” alternative to smoking, vape use is associated with changes in heart rate and blood pressure, increased lung inflammation, and reduced mucociliary clearance. Such physiological changes may have an effect on exercise performance and athletic ability. PURPOSE: This study’s purpose was twofold: to train rats to successfully run on a treadmill, and to evaluate the …
Pilot Study: Effects Of Resistance Training On Dexa And Dari Metrics In Ncaa Division I Cross-Country Athletes, Ouays Bakcha, Cheyenne Martinez, Chaehyun Byun, Marshall Tousant, Brian Jones, Veronika Kramarenko, Joseph Mcclain, Vipa Bernhardt, Michael D. Oldham
Pilot Study: Effects Of Resistance Training On Dexa And Dari Metrics In Ncaa Division I Cross-Country Athletes, Ouays Bakcha, Cheyenne Martinez, Chaehyun Byun, Marshall Tousant, Brian Jones, Veronika Kramarenko, Joseph Mcclain, Vipa Bernhardt, Michael D. Oldham
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
INTRODUCTION: Cross-country athletes often prioritize endurance training, which, while crucial for performance, can lead to overlooked aspects of athletic development such as muscular strength, mobility, and bone health. Resistance training (RT) is a recognized strategy to address these potential deficits and enhance overall athletic performance. PURPOSE: The study aimed to evaluate the effects of incorporating RT on body fat percentage (%BF), bone mineral density (BMD), and dynamic performance metrics in NCAA Division I cross-country athletes. METHODS: Thirteen collegiate athletes (11 males/2 females; mean age = 19.6 yrs) participated in this pilot study. Pre-season (August) and in-season (November) assessments …
Gender Gap In Stress: Differences Amongst Sex In Biomarkers Of Stress And Anxiety., Stephanie N. Uriegas, Matthew J. Mcallister, Nathan Sutton, Hunter Martaindale
Gender Gap In Stress: Differences Amongst Sex In Biomarkers Of Stress And Anxiety., Stephanie N. Uriegas, Matthew J. Mcallister, Nathan Sutton, Hunter Martaindale
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Past research has shown that females have lower biomarkers of stress compared to males. Further, when exposed to acute stressors, females have also been shown to demonstrate reduced stress biomarker responses compared to males. However, this difference has not been explored with respect to different types of stress (i.e., physical vs mental and combined physical and mental stress). PURPOSE: To examine male and female (sex) differences in biomarkers of stress and anxiety, following the exposure of physical stress (exercise) and concurrent mental and physical stress. METHODS: This study was a randomized controlled study. Subjects (n=54; 29 males & …
Functional Electrical Stimulation Of The Soleus Increases Ankle Mechanics With A Modest Increase In Metabolic Rate During Walking In Young And Older Adults, Ningzhen Zhao, Lisa Griffin, Owen N. Beck
Functional Electrical Stimulation Of The Soleus Increases Ankle Mechanics With A Modest Increase In Metabolic Rate During Walking In Young And Older Adults, Ningzhen Zhao, Lisa Griffin, Owen N. Beck
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Better mobility improves older adult health, independence, and quality of life. Unfortunately, walking performance declines with advanced age, as older adults expend 10-25% more metabolic energy during walking compared to young adults. This age-related increase in metabolic energy expenditure is partly because older adults characteristically produce less ankle mechanics during walking compared to young adults, in turn compensating with increased hip mechanics (distal-to-proximal redistribution). Such mechanical changes may be attenuated using functional electrical stimulation (FES) to enhance ankle extensors. Stimulating ankle extensors during walking likely increases joint output and underlying muscle metabolism, with concomitant reductions in hip mechanics. If so, …
Low-Energy Cooling Strategies To Mitigate Thermal Strain Of Older Adults Exposed To Very Hot-Dry Heat, Isa A. Farooqi, Zachary J. Mckenna, Whitley C. Atkins, Elizabeth A. Gideon, Craig G. Crandall
Low-Energy Cooling Strategies To Mitigate Thermal Strain Of Older Adults Exposed To Very Hot-Dry Heat, Isa A. Farooqi, Zachary J. Mckenna, Whitley C. Atkins, Elizabeth A. Gideon, Craig G. Crandall
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Extreme heat causes morbidity and mortality, particularly among older adults. Although air conditioning can mitigate heat strain, it may be inaccessible due to limited resources, high costs, or power outages. Consequently, cooling strategies other than air-conditioning are needed to mitigate excessive elevations in core temperature and cardiovascular strain in this population. While electric fans offer a low-cost and widely available intervention, their effectiveness in very hot conditions is minimized due to potential increases in heat gain and dehydration. In contrast, skin wetting is a promising low-cost and energy-free cooling strategy that enhances evaporative heat loss. PURPOSE: We tested the hypotheses …
Sex Specific Differences In The Response To Short Term Muscle Disuse In Middle Aged Adults, Sean P. Kilroe, Zach Von Ruff, Hanna Kalenta, Emily Arentson-Lantz, Andrew J. Murton, Douglas Paddon-Jones, Blake B. Rasmussen
Sex Specific Differences In The Response To Short Term Muscle Disuse In Middle Aged Adults, Sean P. Kilroe, Zach Von Ruff, Hanna Kalenta, Emily Arentson-Lantz, Andrew J. Murton, Douglas Paddon-Jones, Blake B. Rasmussen
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Research on short term muscle disuse has demonstrated the numerous adverse effects it causes on skeletal muscle. These include reductions in function and mass, as well as insulin sensitivity, mitochondrial function and muscle protein synthesis. However, little is known about the sex specific differences in how males and females respond to muscle disuse. PURPOSE: To investigate the sex specific differences in how males and females respond to short term disuse. METHODS: Sixteen healthy, middle-aged adults (8 males; 57.9±1.8 yr; BMI 29.9±1.2 kg·m-2; 8 females; 55.1±1.6 yr; BMI 28.9±1.0 kg·m-2) underwent 7 days of unilateral leg immobilization …
24-Hour Movement Behaviors And Neurodevelopmental Outcomes In Mexican Preschoolers: Exploring Bmi As A Potential Mediator, Christian Corral, Alejandra Jauregui De La Mota, Gabriela Argumedo, Armando G. Olvera, Nicolas Aguilar, Anthony D. Okely, Deborah Salvo
24-Hour Movement Behaviors And Neurodevelopmental Outcomes In Mexican Preschoolers: Exploring Bmi As A Potential Mediator, Christian Corral, Alejandra Jauregui De La Mota, Gabriela Argumedo, Armando G. Olvera, Nicolas Aguilar, Anthony D. Okely, Deborah Salvo
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Movement behaviors – sleep, sedentary behavior, and physical activity – affect children’s health. However, the differential effect of specific physical activity intensities remains understudied, particularly in low and middle income countries facing the double burden of disease. PURPOSE: To examine the associations of 24-hour movement behaviors on neurodevelopmental outcomes in Mexican preschoolers. We also explore the associations of movement behaviors with body mass index (BMI) and mediation by body mass index in the association with neurodevelopment. METHODS: 64 children (age = 4.36 ± 0.42 years, 48% female) in the Mexican pilot of the International Study of Movement Behaviors …
The Effect Of Sjs/Ten On Skin Blood Flow And Sweating Responses During Heat Stress- Preliminary Data, Erin M. Harper, Elizabeth A. Gideon, Zachary J. Mckenna, Shivani Jain, Melissa M. Mauskar, Craig G. Crandall
The Effect Of Sjs/Ten On Skin Blood Flow And Sweating Responses During Heat Stress- Preliminary Data, Erin M. Harper, Elizabeth A. Gideon, Zachary J. Mckenna, Shivani Jain, Melissa M. Mauskar, Craig G. Crandall
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) is a severe disorder that is often caused by a rare reaction to medication that results in widespread blistering and peeling of skin and mucous membranes. This condition can progress to Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) if the affected region covers more than 30% of the patient’s body. After healing, histological assessments of the SJS/TEN affected areas suggest abnormal sweat ducts that may impair thermoregulation. Consistent with that observation, these patients also report heat intolerance which may be due to impaired thermoregulation. Skin blood flow and sweating are two primary mechanisms that contribute to thermoregulation. Thus, there is …
Reliability Of Handgrip Strength Measurements And Their Relationship With Physical Performance Outcomes In Older Women, Alexandra Khartabil, Ty B. Palmer
Reliability Of Handgrip Strength Measurements And Their Relationship With Physical Performance Outcomes In Older Women, Alexandra Khartabil, Ty B. Palmer
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Handgrip strength measurements, such as peak force and rate of force development (RFD), are effective parameters at characterizing the strength capacities of numerous muscle groups in the upper and lower extremities. Previous studies have determined the reliability of handgrip peak force and RFD in young, college-aged adults. However, the reliability of these measurements in older adults remains unclear. It is also unclear if these measurements are associated with performance during sit-to-stand and medicine ball throw tests. PURPOSE: The primary aim of this study was to examine the reliability of handgrip peak force and RFD measurements in older women. A secondary …
Muscle Metabolic Profile Following Acute Exercise In Mice With Constitutively Active Mtorc1, Hanna Kalenta, Sean P. Kilroe, Trevor B. Romsdahl, Erik D. Marchant, Rosario Maroto, Jennifer J. Linares, William K. Russell, Blake B. Rasmussen
Muscle Metabolic Profile Following Acute Exercise In Mice With Constitutively Active Mtorc1, Hanna Kalenta, Sean P. Kilroe, Trevor B. Romsdahl, Erik D. Marchant, Rosario Maroto, Jennifer J. Linares, William K. Russell, Blake B. Rasmussen
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
An increase in Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex I (mTORC1) kinase activity stimulates muscle protein synthesis in response to amino acids, growth factors, energy, and mechanical stimuli. We previously found muscle hypertrophy and increased mitochondrial respiration in resting mice with chronically active mTORC1 (i.e., an inducible skeletal muscle specific DEPDC5 knockout (KO) model), but no improvement in muscle quality and function. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the metabolic profile of skeletal muscle in DEPDC5 KO and wild-type (WT) male and female mice following 1-hour of treadmill exercise. METHODS: Targeted metabolomics was performed on quadricep …
Blood Pressure And Vascular Response To Maximal Graded Exercise Tests In Young Men With Masked Hypertension, Keng-Yu Chang, Jonathan Pham, Zhaoli Liu, R Matthew Brothers, Chue-Lung Hwang
Blood Pressure And Vascular Response To Maximal Graded Exercise Tests In Young Men With Masked Hypertension, Keng-Yu Chang, Jonathan Pham, Zhaoli Liu, R Matthew Brothers, Chue-Lung Hwang
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Masked hypertension is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Individuals with masked hypertension have elevated out-of-office blood pressure (BP), but usually have normal office BP, making masked hypertension less likely to be diagnosed. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine whether in-laboratory measurements of BP and vascular function in response to exercise can serve as indicators of masked hypertension in young adults. METHODS: Thirty-three young men with normal office BP (<130/80 mmHg), free of smoking and clinical diseases, were included in this study. All participants underwent 24-hr ambulatory BP monitoring for determination of BP classification. Masked hypertension is defined as 24-hr average BP ≥125/75 mmHg, daytime BP ≥130/80 mmHg, or nighttime BP ≥110/65 mmHg. All participants received a comprehensive in-laboratory BP and vascular assessment in the supine position after a 10-min rest and after a maximal graded exercise test on a cycle ergometer. The assessment includes brachial and central BP, arterial stiffness measured as carotid to femoral pulse wave velocity, wave reflection measured as augmentation index and reflection magnitude, and endothelial function measured as flow-mediated dilation. RESULTS: Compared to normotensive participants (CON; n=17), those with masked hypertension (MH; n=16) had a higher level of 24-hr, daytime, and nighttime systolic BP …
Impact Of Years Of Experience On The Stress Responses To Firefighting, Caiti Dodge, Macilynn Coles, Annette Zapp, Ryan J. Sowinski, Steven E. Martin, Lisa C. Colvin, Matthew J. Mcallister, Drew E. Gonzalez
Impact Of Years Of Experience On The Stress Responses To Firefighting, Caiti Dodge, Macilynn Coles, Annette Zapp, Ryan J. Sowinski, Steven E. Martin, Lisa C. Colvin, Matthew J. Mcallister, Drew E. Gonzalez
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Research demonstrates that firefighters (FF) experience elevated stress levels during live fire-training evolution (LFTE) scenarios, which is posited to exacerbate cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. However, whether these occupational stress response levels differ as an FF gains experience in the field has yet to be evaluated. PURPOSE: This study assessed the differences in stress response to a LFTE between FF with greater years of experience. METHODS: Forty-four (n=44) FF completed an annual clinical health assessment. Years of experience were used to delineate between less experienced (LOW; <6 years) and experienced FF (EXP). Salivary samples were collected baseline (BL), immediately post (POST), and 30- min post the LFTE and analyzed for α-amylase (AA), secretory immunoglobulin-A (SIgA), and cortisol (CORT). Data were analyzed via a general linear model (GLM) multivariate and univariate analysis. RESULTS: GLM analysis revealed an overall time effect (p<0.001, ηₚ²=0.216) with no group x time effect (p=0.796, ηₚ²=0.019) for the salivary stress biomarkers. The univariate analysis revealed time effects for AA (p<0.001, ηₚ²=0.244), SIgA (p<0.001, ηₚ²=0.261), and CORT (p=0.003, ηₚ²=0.133); however, no group x time effects were found for AA (p=0.481, ηₚ²=0.011), SIgA (p=0.817, ηₚ²=0.003), and CORT (p=0.511, ηₚ²=0.016). Immediately post-LFTE concentrations were significantly higher for AA (p<0.001), SIgA (p<0.001), and CORT (p=0.004) than at baseline. A significant group effect was found for AA (p=0.049, ηₚ²=0.089), with the LOW group having lower overall AA concentrations than the EXP group, whereas there were no group effects for CORT (p=0.427, ηₚ²=0.015) or SIgA (p=0.204, ηₚ²=0.038). CONCLUSION: These data demonstrate that years of experience do not impact the stress response to an LFTE. It is plausible that years of job experience can influence one’s ability to deal with occupational stress, yet future work should elucidate the impact of stress on CVD risk and occupational performance.