Digital Commons Network^™

Rapid Onset Vasodilation With Lower Body Positive And Negative Pressure, Olivia Leach, Gary Mack, Jayson Gifford

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

PURPOSE: Investigate the impact of muscle sympathetic activity changes on the hyperemic response to single muscle contraction (i.e., rapid-onset vasodilation, ROV). METHODS: Muscle sympathetic activity was altered in 14 healthy young subjects (8 male, 6 female) through randomized application of lower body negative pressure (-10, -20, and -40 mmHg) and lower body positive pressure (+10, +20 mmHg). A 1-s hand grip contraction at 50% MVC was performed at each pressure and control (0 mmHg). Blood flow and vascular conductance were quantified with muscle blood flow being measured in the brachial artery using Doppler ultrasound and blood …

Analysis Of Comparative Enjoyment Following High To Moderate Intensity Upper Body Cycling And Lower Body Cycling In Lean And Obese, Kyle Larsen, David H. Fukuda Ph.D., Anthony Ciccone, Nicolas Clark

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The combination of utilizing differing aerobic exercise prescriptions such as arm cycling and traditional leg cycling at varying exercise intensities may affect an individual’s enjoyment of exercise. PURPOSE: This study compared levels of perceived enjoyment obtained following isocaloric arm and leg cycling trials performed at heavy and moderate intensities among lean and average (LA) and overfat and obese individuals (OFO). METHODS: Participants included 36 young adults divided into two groups based on their Fat Mass Index (FMI) (LA=4.6±1.7 FM kg/m², OFO=9.9±3.5 FM kg/m²). They completed a combination of four arm and leg cycling isocaloric …

Estrogen Receptor Alpha Controls Mitochondrial Function And Metabolic Homeostasis, And Is Critical For Exercise-Induced Improvements In Metabolism, Alexia M. Joseph

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Skeletal muscle is an important tissue responsible for locomotion, oxidative metabolism, and insulin-stimulated glucose disposal. Because exercise is the most effective means to combat metabolic dysfunction and prevent the progression of type 2 diabetes, our laboratory is interested in understanding the molecular transducers underlying the health benefits of exercise. Previous work by our group has shown that muscle ESR1/ERα expression is correlated with indices of metabolic health, and Esr1 expression in muscle is induced following exercise training.

PURPOSE: Determine whether genetic overexpression of Esr1 to mimic transcript induction by physical activity is sufficient to produce favorable metabolic changes …

Kinesiology Student Led 3 Wins Fitness; Free Exercise Program Pivots Virtual And Emerges From Pandemic As Hybrid Park-Based Program For Underserved Communities, David Jimenez, Arlene Flores, Gabrielle Villagra, Joshua Carlos, Steven Loy

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

3 WINS Fitness is a FREE program delivered by Kinesiology students from Cal State University, Northridge focused on underserved communities in the San Fernando Valley. PURPOSE: The program aims to increase the health and fitness of participants, build healthier communities, and reduce population physical inactivity through exercise while developing students’ professional skills. METHODS: The structure of the program gives students an opportunity to apply in-class knowledge in a real-life setting. This translates to engaging participants of all fitness levels in 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity 3 days/week. Many students had no prior in-park experience before this fall …

The Effects Of A Fitness And Wellness Course On Physical Activity Behavior And Intentions: Comparing In-Person Learning To Remote Learning., Calia A. Hunter, Carson Croel, Shannon R. Siegel Facsm, Stephanie Cooper

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

College students are often at-risk for physical inactivity. Many higher education institutions do not require physical activity courses, thus limiting the opportunity to promote physical activity. Of particular interest is the relationship between physical activity, mental health, and perceived barriers (e.g. access to resources, school-related responsibilities). Decreasing physical inactivity in college students by embedding a mandatory fitness and wellness course into the curriculum could be a viable option. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to distinguish if a fitness and wellness course delivered through an in-person or remote modality would affect students’ physical activity behavior and intention throughout a …

Systematic Observation Of Mask Adherence And Physical Distancing In A Public Recreational Setting In Response To Public Policy, Andrea Hughes, Jason Ng

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

During the COVID-19 pandemic, regular physical activity (PA) remained an important recommendation to prevent hypokinetic diseases. At the same time, changes in policies on mask wearing and physical distancing may have increased confusion about engaging in PA. Public outdoor recreation spaces are potentially valuable resources to address these challenges, however there is limited knowledge of mask and distancing behaviors in outdoor recreational areas. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to observe mask and distancing behaviors of individuals performing PA at a public outdoor recreational setting. METHODS: We used a modified version of the Systematic Observation of Mask Adherence and …

Validation Of The Garmin Fenix 6s Maximal Oxygen Consumption (Vo2max) Estimate, Macy M. Helm, Bryson Carrier, Dustin W. Davis, Kyle Cruz, Brenna Barrios, James W. Navalta

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Commercially available fitness watches provide recreational athletes insight into aerobic fitness. The Garmin fēnix. 6S (GF) is a recently released multisport watch that provides estimations related to aerobic and endurance performance, including maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max). VO2max is an important physiological metric to determine aerobic capacity, structure training, and anticipate race performance. PURPOSE: Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the validity and accuracy of the GF’s prediction of VO2max in the general population compared to lab-based measurements. METHODS: 20 healthy participants (9 male, 11 female, 24 土 5.4 years, 30.45 土 21.79 km run/wk) participated in two …

Time Course Of Supine Assessment Of Bioelectrical Variables: An Evaluation Of Resistance, Reactance, And Phase Angle, Holly Hall, Jeremy B. Ducharme, Jonathan M. Houck, Avadney Gerard-Osbourne, Chloe Clark, Ann Gibson

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

To minimize the effect of shifts in bodily water compartments, assessments of resistance (R) and reactance (Xc) via bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is recommended to occur after the individual has been supine for 15 minutes. While changes in bodily water compartments within 15 minutes of laying in the supine position may affect values for R and Xc, it’s unknown how these body water shifts affect phase angle (PhA). PURPOSE: Investigate the effect of time for stabilization of supine measurements of R, Xc, and PhA obtained via the RJL Quantum Legacy BIA analyzer. METHODS: Thirty-eight men (n=16) and women …

Validity Of Average Heart Rate And Energy Expenditure In Polar Oh1 And Verity Sense While Self-Paced Running, Damian Gil, Bryson Carrier, Wyatt Fullmer, Kyle Cruz, Charli D. Aguilar, Dustin W. Davis, Elias M. Malek, Nathaniel Bodell, Jeff Montes, Jacob W. Manning, James W. Navalta, Marcus M. Lawrence, Mark Debeliso Phd

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Running is one of the most common forms of exercise in the world today. Technological advancements have contributed to the rise in the usage of wearable technology. Polar is a household name leading this amelioration of wearable technology. The Polar OH1 and Verity Sense are two of the typical models used to measure heart rate and energy expenditure, however, the validity of these devices have yet to be investigated. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the validity of the Polar OH1 and the Verity Sense during self-paced running. METHODS: Twenty participants (n=10 female, n=10 male; …

Validity Of Average Heart Rate And Energy Expenditure In Polar Armband Devices While Self-Paced Biking, Wyatt B. Fullmer, Bryson Carrier, Elias Malek, Damian Gil, Kyle Cruz, Charli Aguilar, Dustin Davis, Nathaniel Bodell, Jeff Montes, Jake Manning, Mark Debeliso, Facsm, James Navalta, Facsm, Marcus M. Lawrence

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Wearable technology has become an increasingly utilized tool to track various aspects of physical activity amongst fitness enthusiasts and the general public. Polar is a common brand that is utilized, and many use the devices for a variety of modalities, like walking, running, or biking. However, the validity of Polar’s armband optical devices in estimating average heart rate (HR) and energy expenditure (EE) while biking is unknown. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine if two devices, the Polar OH1 and Polar Verity Sense, record valid measures of average HR and EE while self-paced biking. METHODS: Twenty participants …

The Effects Of Exercise On Inflammatory Biomarkers Over A 36-H Fast, Austin F. Duersch, Bruce W. Bailey, Landon Deru

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Postprandial and diet-induced chronic inflammation has become a popular point of discussion over recent years in lifestyle medicine as studies have uncovered the effects that various inflammation markers have on chronic diseases including heart disease, diabetes mellitus, and arthritis. Interventions to help lower inflammation could help promote longevity and decrease risk of chronic diseases. PURPOSE: While previous research has shown various effects of fasting on inflammatory biomarkers, this study assessed the impact of an acute 36h fast with or without exercise at the beginning on inflammatory biomarkers (IL-6, C-peptide, GIP, MCP-1, and TNF-alpha). METHODS: Twenty healthy subjects (11 …

Are Age-Related Differences In Critical Power And Work-Prime Simply Due To Differences In Muscle Mass, Abigail Dorff

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Critical Power (CP) represents the threshold between sustainable, steady-state and unsustainable, non-steady-state exercise while Work Prime (W’) represents tolerable work above CP. The combination of CP and W’ potently influence exercise tolerance. We recently observed age-related reductions in both CP and W’ in active adults. Age-related decreases in muscle mass, which was not measured, could account for the reduction in CP and W’. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine if CP and W’ are decreased in active, older adults when normalizing for muscle mass. METHODS: Single leg knee extension exercise was used to determine CP …

Maximum Aerobic Exercise Induces Common Carotid Vasoconstriction And Increased Vascular Resistance, Michael Diaz, Zaria Opara, Heysel Morales, Allan Knox

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

PURPOSE: Low-to-moderate intensity aerobic exercise has been reported to elicit changes in systemic hemodynamics. Recent evidence suggests that the cerebral circulation reacts independently to systemic circulations to the same physiological stimuli. The aim of this is to determine the influence of high-intensity aerobic exercise on common carotid artery (CCA) hemodynamics. METHODS: Hemodynamic measurements were recorded before and following the cessation of a maximum oxygen uptake test (VO_2max). One minute video of the CCA by Doppler ultrasound were recorded and used to determine peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV), time averaged mean blood velocity (TAMEAN), timed …

Validity Of The K5 Wearable Metabolic System During The Ymca Bench Press Test - A Pilot Study, Kyle Cruz, James W. Navalta, Dustin W. Davis, Bryson Carrier

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The accelerated advancements in exercise technology have resulted in the development of wearable metabolic units, allowing measurements to occur outside traditional laboratories. The validation of new equipment is essential in various applications. PURPOSE: The pilot study's purpose was to validate the metabolic measurements of the COSMED K5 wearable metabolic system against the criterion Parvo Medics TrueOne 2400 during a modified YMCA Bench Press Test. METHODS: Nine resistance weight-trained participants (six male, three female, age 29.3 ± 8.0 yrs, 78.1 ± 13.8 kg, 173.3 ± 11.5 cm) performed two identical tests on the same day. Because of equipment warm-up times, the …

Coordination Of Ankle, Knee, And Hip Joint Torques During An American Football Long Snap, Faith Cottam, Travis Peterson Ph.D

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Research has studied upper-body kinematics (Balentine 2020) and whole-body kinetics during the American Football long snap (Goldstein 2020). There are no studies describing lower extremity (LE) joint kinetics during this movement. PURPOSE: This study aimed to understand how players coordinate LE torques while completing a long snap. We hypothesized there would be plantarflexor torques at the ankle and extensor torques at the knee and hip. METHODS: Subjects included college-aged football players (n=5) and high school football (n=5) players with >2years experience. All subjects provided informed consent per local IRB. Average age of participants was 18.9±1.3 years, average mass was 99.57±7.49 …

Impact Of High Intensity Interval Training Versus Moderate Intensity Continuous Training On Critical Power, Jessica Collins, Olivia Leach, Abigail Dorff, Jessica Linde, Jason Kofoed, Megan Sherman, Meagan Proffit, Jaron Quirante, Kiese Mpongo, Jayson Gifford

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Critical Power (P_CRIT) is the greatest power that a person can sustain for prolonged periods of time while maintaining steady-state, submaximal aerobic conditions. Work-prime (W’) is the amount of work that can be tolerated when exercising in non-steady-state conditions above P_CRIT. PURPOSE: Compare the effect of equal amounts of moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) and high intensity interval training (HIIT) on P_CRIT and W’. METHODS: Twenty-two (10 female) untrained, young adults completed 8 weeks of cycling training (40 minutes, 3x per week) administered as either MICT (44% max power achieved during a graded …

Moderate Intensity Arm Cycling As A Viable Exercise Alternative For Overfat And Obese Individuals With Poor Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Nicolas W. Clark, Valeria Panissa, Jeffrey R. Stout Ph.D., Adam J. Wells, Dale Wagner, David H. Fukuda Ph.D.

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The prescription of aerobic exercise engaging the arms may extend the reach of physical activity and improve cardiorespiratory fitness in individuals with obesity. PURPOSE: This study compared the acute cardiopulmonary responses obtained during isocaloric arm and leg cycling trials performed at different intensities among individual’s with and without excess body fat. METHODS: Participants were 37 young adults divided into two groups based on their fat mass index, lean and average (LA) and overfat and obese (OFO). They were tested for mode-specific work rate at the ventilatory threshold (VT) and volitional fatigue (VF) during two randomized ramp tests. The …

Assessing The Validity Of Several Heart Rate Monitors In Wearable Technology While Mountain Biking, Bryson Carrier, R. W. Salatto, Dustin W. Davis, Jacquelyn V.L. Sertic, Brenna Barrios, Peyton Cater, James W. Navalta

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The development of fitness trackers and other wearable technology designed for health and fitness purposes is growing in popularity and sophistication every day. These devices have the ability to measure or estimate a variety of physiological and physical variables, such as step count, energy expenditure, VO2max, lactate threshold, heart rate, stride length, vertical oscillation, ground contact time, blood oxygen saturation (via pulse oximetry), and many others. PURPOSE: In order to properly use these devices, independent validation needs to take place to determine the device’s accuracy and ability to properly measure or estimate each variable. Therefore, the purpose of this …

Step It Up: A Pilot Study Of The Physical Demands Of Division I Team’S Soccer Matches Versus Semi-Professional And Collegiate Competition, Madalyn Carrasco, Robert G. Lockie

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

In spring, Division I (DI) men’s soccer teams have the opportunity to play collegiate and semi-professional (SP) teams. It could be expected that players on a collegiate team express higher workloads in a match against better competition. GPS data could be used to measure these workloads. However, at the collegiate level some coaches may takeaway GPS use in matches from some players as disciplinary action. This could impact data recorded by team sport scientists. PURPOSE: To compare physical demands measured by GPS metrics of a DI team in matches versus collegiate and SP competition in a real-world environment. METHODS: GPS …

Qualitative Analysis Of A Novel Approach By Kinesiology Students To Increase Population Physical Activity In Underserved Communities, Joshua Carlos, Lisa Chaudhari, Rachel Lang-Balde, Steven Loy

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

3 WINS Fitness (3W) is a free exercise program delivered by kinesiology students to underserved communities. Without external funding it has grown and been sustained since 2011. PURPOSE: With an intention of developing students’ professional skills, 3W also aims to reduce health disparities and increase community health by increasing physical activity. With 74% of the US population failing the Physical Activity Guidelines for cardiovascular/strength training, programs like 3W are needed. There has been no qualitative analysis of 3W to determine benefits for students/participants until now. METHODS: The analysis of 3W involved nine on-line focus groups (FG). The FG …

Autonomic And Cardiovascular Responses To Acute Exercise In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Allison T. Bui, Gustavo Aldama, Kauionalani P. Kekuawela, Jacob A. Manriquez, Areum K. Jensen

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurological disorder identified in early childhood and is characterized by impaired social interaction and atypical behaviors. Limited studies reported that children with ASD tend to have higher heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) at rest compared to typically developing children (TDC). Previously, we reported that HR and blood flow (BF) did not alter during exercise while BP significantly increased in ASD. Thus, we thought that ASD may have impaired autonomic control of cardiac output via differential contribution of HR and stroke volume (SV) to regulate BP during acute exercise. PURPOSE: To …

College Student Self-Efficacy For Exercise In Relation To Reported Physical Activity Levels During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Angelez Becerra, Andrea Hughes, Sarah L. Dunn Ph.D.

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The global COVID-19 pandemic may be detrimental to a college student’s motivation to exercise with less physical activity (PA) levels recorded, possibly due to the closure of gyms or home isolation. While little is known about self-efficacy for exercise (SEE) in college students, how it relates to age in this population during a pandemic needs further investigation. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between SEE and PA levels in college students and if age was a factor. It was hypothesized that SEE would be positively associated with PA status and negatively to college student age, …

Arch Characteristics Among Habitual Users Of Minimalist Footwear, Kaleb M. Barker, Kirk E. Bassett, Spencer G. Straddeck, Sarah T. Ridge

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Purported to mimic the benefits of barefoot walking, minimalist footwear (MF) is becoming popular for daily use among the general public. Though evidence suggests that MF may have a positive effect on foot health, further investigation is required to determine the mechanisms which contribute to these observed effects. PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to measure differences in medial longitudinal arch characteristics between Habitual users of Minimalist shoes (HM) and Habitual users of Cushioned shoes (HC). This information may provide insight regarding the causes of MF benefits. METHODS: Arch height data was collected from twelve healthy HC …

Genetic Drivers Of Cardiac Remodeling In Health And Disease In Female Mice, Alexander R. Strumwasser

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

SWACSM Abstract

Genetic drivers of cardiac remodeling in health and disease in female mice

Alexander R. Strumwasser¹, Timothy M. Moore¹, Zhenqi Zhou¹, Lorraine P. Turcotte², Aldons J. Lusis¹, Andrea L. Hevener¹

1Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles 2Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California

Hevener Laboratory; Department of Medicine; University of California Los Angeles Laboratory

Category: Masters

Advisor / Mentor: Hevener, Andrea L. [email protected]

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Sex differences in cardiac metabolism and cardiometabolic disease susceptibility are well documented. However, the mechanisms underlying sexual dimorphism and …

Kinematics And Motor Responses Of Law Enforcement Officers In A Spontaneous Lethal Threat Scenario, Michael A. Kantor, Dane Bartz, William Lewinski, Robert Pettitt Facsm

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

When law enforcement officers (LEOs) face a spontaneous act of lethal force, there is no “warning or foreperiod” as in typical assessments of motor response, causing a startle response to occur. The firearm draw has been tested in controlled settings; however, such an analysis when under duress has not been examined for motor response. PURPOSE: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate LEOs firearm draw and motor response following a spontaneous presentation of lethal force in a training scenario. METHODS: A total of 22 active duty LEOs engaged in training scenario under the ruse of a …

A Comparison Of Heat Treatment-Induced Skeletal Muscle Adaptations Relative To Exercise Training, Jamie P. Kaluhiokalani, Jack Mehling, Brandon Pfeifer, Mohadeseh Ahmadi

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

ABSTRACT

In vitro and animal studies indicate that the response to heat stress is associated with beneficial adaptations that promote cell health and survival. Few studies to date have examined this finding in human subjects, and it is unclear how the adaptation compares in magnitude to exercise training. PURPOSE: To investigate the skeletal muscle adaptations (namely mitochondrial biogenesis and capillarization) of 6 weeks of deep-muscle heat treatment relative to exercise training. We hypothesized that heat treatment (HT), applied through pulsed shortwave diathermy (2 hr, 3 days/week) over a 6-week intervention period would lead to increased mitochondrial content and capillarity …

Efficacy Of A Regression Method To Confirm Vo2max In Middle-Aged And Older Adults: A Pilot Study, Jeremy B. Ducharme, Zachary J. Mckenna, Christine M. Mermier, Ann L. Gibson Facsm

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Verification testing following a maximal graded exercise test (GXT) has been shown to be effective at indicating whether VO₂max was attained for middle-aged and older adults but performing two maximal efforts in a single day may not be practical or possible for certain individuals. PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of a regression method for identifying a VO₂ plateau in order to confirm the attainment of VO₂max. METHODS: Twenty-one recreationally active (VO₂max: 21.8-50.3 ml/kg/min) middle-aged and older (46-76 yrs.) men (n=11) and women (n=10) completed an individualized ramp GXT on the …

The Effects Of Meditative And Mindful Walking On Mental And Cardiovascular Health, Dustin W. Davis, Bryson Carrier, Kyle Cruz, Brenna Barrios, James W. Navalta Facsm

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Poor mental and cardiovascular health are major problems that are alleviated by novel non-pharmacological modalities such as mindful exercise. The effects of two modalities, meditative and mindful walking, are inconclusive. PURPOSE: The primary purpose of the present study was to synthesize the primary literature on meditative and mindful walking to determine their effects on mental and cardiovascular health. The secondary purpose was to assess the quality of the relevant, published research studies. METHODS: A rigorous systematic review was conducted as per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The full protocol is registered in PROSPERO …

Differential Cardiovascular Responses To Acute Exercise In Adults With Cerebral Palsy, Gustavo Aldama, Allison Bui, Areum K. Jensen

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a non-progressive and permanent neurological disorder leading to musculoskeletal dysfunction and immobility. A major clinical problem with CP is early development of cardiovascular diseases with increased rates of mortality. Due to the inevitability of motor dysfunction adults with CP can develop health risk factors, such as obesity and hypertension, at a higher rate compared to the general population. To date, the physiological basis for CP has not been established; how cardiovascular dynamics, such as heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), and blood flow (BF), are controlled in individuals with CP has never been identified. PURPOSE: To …

Evaluation Of Skipping In College Students With And Without Autism Spectrum Disorder, Isabel Munoz Orozco, Kimberly Hernandez, Joevanie Mata, Teri Todd, Melissa Mache, Danielle Jarvis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects social interactions and behaviors. Previous research has shown that children with ASD demonstrate motor skill deficits in comparison to their neurotypically developing peers. However, it is unknown whether these motor skill deficits translate into adulthood. PURPOSE: The study intended to evaluate skipping performance and kinematics in college students with and without ASD to identify potential deficits. METHODS: A total of 20 college students, 10 with ASD and 10 without, participated in this study. Following a skipping demonstration, each participant completed three skipping trials. Data was collected using a …