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Implications Of Psr J0737-3039b For The Galactic Ns-Ns Binary Merger Rate, C. Kim, B. B. P. Perera, M. A. Mclaughlin Jan 2015

Implications Of Psr J0737-3039b For The Galactic Ns-Ns Binary Merger Rate, C. Kim, B. B. P. Perera, M. A. Mclaughlin

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

The Double Pulsar (PSR J0737−3039) is the only neutron star–neutron star (NS–NS) binary in which both NSs have been detectable as radio pulsars. The Double Pulsar has been assumed to dominate the Galactic NS–NS binary merger rate


Pulsar Population Synthesis Using Palfa Detections And Pulsar Search Collaboratory Discoveries Including A Wide Dns System And A Nearby Msp, Joseph Karl Swiggum Jan 2015

Pulsar Population Synthesis Using Palfa Detections And Pulsar Search Collaboratory Discoveries Including A Wide Dns System And A Nearby Msp, Joseph Karl Swiggum

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Using the ensemble of detections from pulsar surveys, we can learn about the sizes and characteristics of underlying populations. In this thesis, I analyze results from the Pulsar Arecibo L-band Feed Array (PALFA) precursor and Green Bank Telescope 350 MHz Drift Scan surveys; I examine survey sensitivity to see how detections can inform pulsar population models, I look at new ways of including young scientists -- high school students -- in the discovery process and I present timing solutions for students' discoveries (including a nearby millisecond pulsar and a pulsar in a wide-orbit double neutron star system).;The PALFA survey is …


Mapping And Modeling Soil Organic Carbon In The Eastern Allegheny Plateau And Mountains Using Legacy Data, Katey M. Yoast Jan 2015

Mapping And Modeling Soil Organic Carbon In The Eastern Allegheny Plateau And Mountains Using Legacy Data, Katey M. Yoast

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The deeply dissected topography and diverse climate of the Eastern Allegheny Plateau and Mountains (Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) 127) create challenges for dynamicpedoecological modeling needed for ecosystem management adaptation to a changing climate. The spatial distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC), one of the most dynamic soil properties, has been previously estimated and mapped using the State Soil Geographical Database (STATSGO2) and the more detailed Soil Survey Geographic Database (SSURGO) for MLRA 127, estimating mean SOC to a depth of 1 m to be 2.60 and 4.40 kg m-2, respectively. Previous studies have shown that these approximations underestimate true …


New Experimental Approach To Measure Petrophysical Properties Of Organic-Rich Shales, Mehrdad Zamirian Jan 2015

New Experimental Approach To Measure Petrophysical Properties Of Organic-Rich Shales, Mehrdad Zamirian

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Production from hydrocarbon reservoirs is strongly dependent on the permeability of the formation. For decades, the permeability of conventional reservoirs, which are typically in milli-Darcy range, has been measured by the steady-state laboratory technique which provides accurate and fast results. In contrast, unsteady state techniques such as GRI or pulse decay have been used to measure the permeability of unconventional formations such as shales due to their ultra-low permeability. GRI technique is carried on crushed samples and is considered a fast technique for matrix permeability measurement. However, recent studies have found that reported GRI measurements results by different commercial laboratories …


Transformation Of A Pre-Algebra Developmental Mathematics Course That Led To The Redesign Of The Developmental Mathematics Program At A Rural Community College, Mary Beth Angeline Jan 2015

Transformation Of A Pre-Algebra Developmental Mathematics Course That Led To The Redesign Of The Developmental Mathematics Program At A Rural Community College, Mary Beth Angeline

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation documents the redesign of a developmental mathematics program at a rural community college and compares the course pass rates between the redesigned courses and the traditional lecture-based courses. A design and developmental methodology was used to chronicle changes to outcomes, learning environment, instructor role, and curricular practices over four course offerings that occurred over three semesters. Effectiveness of these changes was used to continually make corrections to the course structure, and make a case to expand the redesign of the course to the entire developmental mathematics program.


Growth And Properties Of Topological Insulator Thin Films Based On The Bi2se3 Compound, Sercan Babakiray Jan 2015

Growth And Properties Of Topological Insulator Thin Films Based On The Bi2se3 Compound, Sercan Babakiray

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation summarizes the growth, structural and electrical transport properties of topological insulators based on Bi2Se3 compound grown by molecular beam epitaxy. In the first three chapters, I review the theoretical background and experimental procedures necessary to understand the properties of topological insulators. The next three chapters cover the results of the structural characterization and electrical transport measurements. The final chapter summarizes the overall results and suggests future directions for research on Bi2Se3 compounds. Topological insulators (TIs) are a new class of quantum matter with a bulk band gap and gapless metallic surface states. The spin and momentum degrees of …


The Memory Wars: Debates On The Holocaust And The Legacy Of Anti-Semitism In Poland, Jonathan Andrew Bergquist Jan 2015

The Memory Wars: Debates On The Holocaust And The Legacy Of Anti-Semitism In Poland, Jonathan Andrew Bergquist

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The process of Vergangenheitsbewaltigung, or mastering the past, is often slow and painful. All too often nations have a tendency to celebrate their past triumphs while forgetting or marginalizing the most traumatic episodes of their histories. The case of Poland is particularly interesting---especially in connection to the disappearance of the country's minority Jewish heritage. Poland, of course, was the primary site of the Holocaust, and the nearly complete destruction of the country's once vast Jewish population, which had been the largest in the world, has left a troublesome legacy behind. How had such horrific crimes taken place on Polish soil? …


Evaluation Of The Antidepressant Potential Of Dextromethorphan, Linda Nguyen Jan 2015

Evaluation Of The Antidepressant Potential Of Dextromethorphan, Linda Nguyen

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Depression affects more than 350 million people and is the leading cause of disability worldwide. Major challenges in the management of depression remain the 4-12 weeks of delayed efficacy and 30% of patients who are resistant to the therapeutic effects of current pharmaceutical treatments. We herein examined whether dextromethorphan (DM) may be able to take on these challenges, because 1) it has overlapping pharmacology with ketamine, which has shown rapid (within 24 hours) antidepressant effects, even in treatment-resistant individuals; 2) unlike ketamine with its notable abuse liability and adverse effects, DM is an over-the-counter antitussive with a high safety margin; …


Probing Pulsar Emission On Short Timescales: Rotating Radio Transients, Cyclic Spectroscopy, And Single-Pulse Studies Of Millisecond Pulsars, Nipuni Tharaka Palliyaguru Jan 2015

Probing Pulsar Emission On Short Timescales: Rotating Radio Transients, Cyclic Spectroscopy, And Single-Pulse Studies Of Millisecond Pulsars, Nipuni Tharaka Palliyaguru

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Rotating radio transients (RRATs) are neutron stars are that characterized by the emission of strong sporadic bursts. We have analysed the long- and short-term time dependence of the pulse arrival times and the pulse detection rates for eight RRAT sources from the Parkes Multi-beam Pulsar Survey (PMPS). We find significant periodicities in the individual pulse arrival times from six RRATs. These periodicities range from ∼30 minutes to 2100 days and from one to 16 independent (i.e. non-harmonically related) periodicities are detected for each RRAT. In addition, we find that pulse emission is a random process on short (hour-long) time scales …


Solar Electric Propulsion Triple-Satellite-Aided Capture With Mars Flyby, Sean Patrick Jan 2015

Solar Electric Propulsion Triple-Satellite-Aided Capture With Mars Flyby, Sean Patrick

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Triple-Satellite-aided-capture sequences use gravity-assists at three of Jupiter's four massive Galilean moons to reduce the DeltaV required to enter into Jupiter orbit. A triple-satellite-aided capture at Callisto, Ganymede, and Io is proposed to capture a SEP spacecraft into Jupiter orbit from an interplanetary Earth-Jupiter trajectory that employs low-thrust maneuvers. The principal advantage of this method is that it combines the ISP efficiency of ion propulsion with nearly impulsive but propellant-free gravity assists.;For this thesis, two main chapters are devoted to the exploration of low-thrust triple-flyby capture trajectories. Specifically, the design and optimization of these trajectories are explored heavily. The first …


Sensor Placement Algorithms For Process Efficiency Maximization, Prokash Paul Jan 2015

Sensor Placement Algorithms For Process Efficiency Maximization, Prokash Paul

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Even though the senor placement problem has been studied for process plants, it has been done for minimizing the number of sensors, minimizing the cost of the sensor network, maximizing the reliability, or minimizing the estimation errors. In the existing literature, no work has been reported on the development of a sensor network design (SND) algorithm for maximizing efficiency of the process. The SND problem for maximizing efficiency requires consideration of the closed-loop system, which is unlike the open-loop systems that have been considered in previous works. In addition, work on the SND problem for a large fossil energy plant …


Digital Eye Modification A Countermeasure To Automated Face Recognition, Domenick Poster Iii Jan 2015

Digital Eye Modification A Countermeasure To Automated Face Recognition, Domenick Poster Iii

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This thesis describes and assesses a series of subtle digital eye modification techniques and their impact on automated face detection and recognition. The techniques involve altering the relative positioning of a person's eyes in a photograph using a variety of horizontal and vertical movements local to the eye regions. Testing with Eigenfaces, Fisherfaces, and Circular Local Binary Pattern face recognition algorithms on a database of 40 subjects and over 4000 modified images shows these subtle geometric changes to the eyes can degrade automated face recognition accuracy by 40% or more. Certain modifications even lower the chance a face is detected …


An Examination Of Households' Willingness-To-Pay For Wetlands Biodiversity Conservation In The United States: A Benefit Transfer Approach, Rajendra Prasad Poudel Jan 2015

An Examination Of Households' Willingness-To-Pay For Wetlands Biodiversity Conservation In The United States: A Benefit Transfer Approach, Rajendra Prasad Poudel

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This research paper provides a benefit transfer model of willingness-to-pay (WTP) for wetlands' biodiversity conservation in the United States. The validity of the estimated wetland's willingness-to-pay values is also examined. While valuation of the services provided by wetlands may be challenging due to their non-market nature, estimation of values is important. Conducting a primary study is the best option for precise results. However, researchers may recommend the benefit transfer approach in wetland valuation when there are limited time, budgetary constraints, and administrative urgency.;The benefit transfer approach involves transferring of value estimates from study sites (where research was already undertaken) to …


Performance And Stability Of Large Planar Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Using Phosphine Contaminated Hydrogen Fuel, Timothy B. A. Ross Jan 2015

Performance And Stability Of Large Planar Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Using Phosphine Contaminated Hydrogen Fuel, Timothy B. A. Ross

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The objective of this work was to investigate how fuel utilization and method of fuel delivery for a large planar fuel cell with co-flow configuration will affect the degradation rate and mechanism of phosphine poisoning of a solid-oxide fuel cell (SOFC). Coal syngas, a potential fuel source for SOFCs, contains gas phase impurities such as PH3, which rapidly degrade Ni-based SOFC anodes. Researchers have shown significant reconstruction of Ni-anodes in button cell configurations with ~0.5 mV hr-1 degradation rates, but it is not evident that these rates will occur in actual stack applications. A singular planar stack repeat unit was …


Optical Spectroscopy Of Nanoscale And Heterostructured Oxides, Tess R. Senty Jan 2015

Optical Spectroscopy Of Nanoscale And Heterostructured Oxides, Tess R. Senty

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Through careful analysis of a material's properties, devices are continually getting smaller, faster and more efficient each day. Without a complete scientific understanding of material properties, devices cannot continue to improve. This dissertation uses optical spectroscopy techniques to understand light-matter interactions in several oxide materials with promising uses mainly in light harvesting applications. Linear absorption, photoluminescence and transient absorption spectroscopy are primarily used on europium doped yttrium vanadate nanoparticles, copper gallium oxide delafossites doped with iron, and cadmium selenide quantum dots attached to titanium dioxide nanoparticles.;Europium doped yttrium vanadate nanoparticles have promising applications for linking to biomolecules. Using Fourier-transform infrared …


Comparison Of The Fatigue Characteristics Of Recycled Asphalt Pavements, Lara Smith Jan 2015

Comparison Of The Fatigue Characteristics Of Recycled Asphalt Pavements, Lara Smith

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

When the service life of asphalt pavement has expired, it can be reclaimed and reused as a percentage of new pavement. This recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) usually is exposed to years of environmental conditioning and oxidation, which stiffens the asphalt binder. As the binder stiffens, certain engineering properties change, such as dynamic modulus, and the pavement begins to experience distresses.;The asphalt mixture performance tester (AMPT) is a new performance testing machine that applies load cycles within a cell that also acts as an environmental conditioning chamber. This research focused on the using the AMPT to determine dynamic modulus and fatigue …


Do Humans Drive Spinal Cord With Limb Velocity Signal?, Kyla Galbreath Jan 2015

Do Humans Drive Spinal Cord With Limb Velocity Signal?, Kyla Galbreath

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The ability to move in the environment is crucial to the survival of all animals. Neural pathways that control locomotion can be described as a hierarchy, with multiple levels of control, and those ultimately converge on spinal pattern generators. Neural pathways controlling locomotion are hierarchical, highly integrated, and well characterized anatomically, but functional explanations are lacking. Previous computational modeling of the CPG has proposed that they essential signal driving these spinal networks are expressed in the modality of desired velocity. To date, no published research has empirically tested velocity as being the control signal of locomotion. The purpose of this …


A Consensus Based Decentralized State Estimation For Power Distribution Networks, Varun Garaga Jan 2015

A Consensus Based Decentralized State Estimation For Power Distribution Networks, Varun Garaga

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This thesis presents a new Decentralized State Estimation algorithm using agents directed mainly to distribution power systems. This new algorithm solves problems that occur when one tries to estimate the state of the distribution power systems. By various reasons such as high levels of quality of service, automation capabilities and comparatively less size, those problems do not occur so frequently on the transmission systems. A consensus based static state estimation strategy for radial power distribution systems is proposed in this research. This thesis concentrates on the balanced systems.;There are buses acting as agents using which we can evaluate the local …


Saprophytic Colonization And Sporulation Of Virulent And Hypovirulent Cryphonectria Parasitica On American Chestnut (Castanea Dentata) And Scarlet Oak (Quercus Coccinea), Eric Shelton Goddard Jan 2015

Saprophytic Colonization And Sporulation Of Virulent And Hypovirulent Cryphonectria Parasitica On American Chestnut (Castanea Dentata) And Scarlet Oak (Quercus Coccinea), Eric Shelton Goddard

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Colonization and sporulation (stroma production) of virulent (V) and hypovirulent (HV) Cryphonectria parasitica, were evaluated on two hosts to better understand the saprophytic stage of the fungus and its ability to produce HV inoculum. Both the V and HV C. parasitica strains were isolated from an existing chestnut orchard at the test site. Castanea dentata (American chestnut) and Quercus coccinea (scarlet oak) were used as test hosts. Sixty centimeter long stems of both species were cut from saplings and placed as pairs in three-layer, triangular stacks. Each stack was wound inoculated with either V, HV or water agar (control) inoculum. …


A Good Persuasion: Becoming Lysander In William Shakespeare's "A Midsummer Night's Dream", Landon Green Jan 2015

A Good Persuasion: Becoming Lysander In William Shakespeare's "A Midsummer Night's Dream", Landon Green

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

"Lysander" is likely a title borrowed from the ancient Spartan admiral whose naval command was crucial to the resolution of the Peloponnesian War (Plutarch). His exploits as a Spartan navarch and steward against the forces of Athens, and then Thebes in the Corinthian War, were romanticized, as were many of the legends and history of Greece and Rome, by the time of William Shakespeare's writing of A Midsummer Night's Dream . Shakespeare must have felt it appropriate to set his fantasy romance in Athens, and to name the plot propellant lover after one of its most renowned conquerors. Lysander, for …


Validation Of An Experimentally Motivated Predictive Model For The Spontaneous Clustering Of Receptors On The Cell Membrane, Emine Guven Jan 2015

Validation Of An Experimentally Motivated Predictive Model For The Spontaneous Clustering Of Receptors On The Cell Membrane, Emine Guven

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Membrane receptors are specialized membrane-bound proteins that facilitate communication be- tween the intracellular and extracellular membrane. They control signal initiation in many im- portant cellular signaling pathways. Cell signaling (or signal transduction) provides the logical inputs individual cells need in order to perform their role in the context of the organism. Signal- ing molecules such as hormones, neurotransmitters or growth factors, are secreted by cells in the organism as a result of certain conditions; the cells receiving the signal change (or maintain) their state in response to the signaling input. The incoming information is processed and the response is formulated …


Investigating Stuttering Attitude Change Of Middle School Students In A Rural Appalachian School, Chelsea D. Kuhn Jan 2015

Investigating Stuttering Attitude Change Of Middle School Students In A Rural Appalachian School, Chelsea D. Kuhn

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Effects of the Stuttering: For Kids, By Kids video on stuttering attitudes was investigated with middle school students in a rural Appalachian middle school in West Virginia. Participants completed the Public Opinion Survey of Human Attributes-Stuttering (POSHA-S) before (PRE) and immediately after watching the video (POST1) to measure attitude change following the intervention. The participants again completed the POSHA-S one month later (POST2) to determine the stability of their attitudes. Tabular and graphic comparisons were generated for each of the three administrations of the POSHA-S. For PRE versus POST1 and POST1 versus POST2 analyses, individual item and combined item ratings …


Development Of Drilling Control Technology To Reduce Drilling Noise During Roof Bolting Operations, Mingming Li Jan 2015

Development Of Drilling Control Technology To Reduce Drilling Noise During Roof Bolting Operations, Mingming Li

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Noise induced hearing loss is a serious health issue among coal mine workers. The roof bolting operation is one of the noisiest underground mining operations. It is second among all equipment in underground coal mines whose operators exceed 100% noise dosage according to MSHA data. In roof bolting, the noise generated in the roof drilling normally contributes a major proportion to the noise exposure to this particular group of miners. This study is to develop a drilling control technology to reduce noise generated during roof bolting drilling.;Previous research shows that the specific energy consumed in drilling bolt holes is inversely …


Thermal Stress Analysis For Early Age Mass Concrete Members, Yun Lin Jan 2015

Thermal Stress Analysis For Early Age Mass Concrete Members, Yun Lin

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Research findings in the past have demonstrated that the heat of hydration can induce thermal cracking in early age concrete. The disproportionate thermal expansion can cause considerable tensile stresses at concrete surfaces. The minimum size of mass concrete has remained unsolved due to the complexity of the problem. In this study, a way to predict early age concrete temperature and associated thermal stresses is described, including the needed experimental testing and finite element modeling technique.;In thermal analysis, an adiabatic calorimeter was designed and built to measure the adiabatic temperature rise of the concrete. The measured adiabatic temperature rise was converted …


Semi-Supervised And Active Learning Models For Software Fault Prediction, Huihua Lu Jan 2015

Semi-Supervised And Active Learning Models For Software Fault Prediction, Huihua Lu

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

As software continues to insinuate itself into nearly every aspect of our life, the quality of software has been an extremely important issue. Software Quality Assurance (SQA) is a process that ensures the development of high-quality software. It concerns the important problem of maintaining, monitoring, and developing quality software. Accurate detection of fault prone components in software projects is one of the most commonly practiced techniques that offer the path to high quality products without excessive assurance expenditures. This type of quality modeling requires the availability of software modules with known fault content developed in similar environment. However, collection of …


The Impact Of Autonomous Vehicles On Freeway Throughput, Abdullah Maarafi Jan 2015

The Impact Of Autonomous Vehicles On Freeway Throughput, Abdullah Maarafi

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Autonomous vehicles are expected to provide a number of benefits to the individual, road infrastructure and the society from the perspective of safety and efficiency. The use of autonomous vehicles is expected to increase freeway throughput, allowing vehicle groups travelling together with a shorter headway time resulting in a reduction of traffic congestion.;The purpose of this research was to use microsimulation software, VISSIM, to test the impact of autonomous vehicles on freeway throughput, delay, and travel time. A realistic corridor of I-79 and a conceptual corridor were modeled to understand how mixed traffic flow conditions could impact the freeway throughput. …


Acceleration Of Non-Equidiffusive Flames In Channels: Computational Simulations And Analytical Studies, Serdar A. Bilgili Jan 2015

Acceleration Of Non-Equidiffusive Flames In Channels: Computational Simulations And Analytical Studies, Serdar A. Bilgili

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

When a premixed flame front spreads in a narrow pipe, wall friction continuously distorts the flame shape. As a result, the flame front acquires a larger surface area, consumes more fuel per unit time and, thereby, propagates faster. While this mechanism of flame acceleration due to wall friction has widely been studied, especially within the last decade, the analytical and computational studies were mostly devoted to equidiffusive flames, where the Lewis number, defined as the thermal to mass diffusivity ratio, is unity, Le = 1. However, in reality thermal and mass diffusion are typically not balanced, especially in rich and …


Identification Of A Critical Gene In The Dihydroergot Alkaloid Pathway, Yulia Bilovol Jan 2015

Identification Of A Critical Gene In The Dihydroergot Alkaloid Pathway, Yulia Bilovol

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Ergot alkaloids, bioactive compounds produced by some species of fungi, have had significant impacts on agriculture and medicine. Claviceps purpurea and Epichloe spp. are ergot alkaloid producers associated with agricultural commodities and negatively affect humans and grazing animals, respectively. Another ergot alkaloid-producing fungus called Aspergillus fumigatus is ubiquitous in the environment; infections arising after inhaling the spores may kill immunocompromised persons. Ergot alkaloids and their derivatives are utilized by the pharmaceutical industry for the development of drugs. Some of these drugs are derived from lysergic acid, whereas others are derived from dihydrolysergic acid. Lysergic acid derivatives have vasoconstrictive properties and …


Upscaling Of The Acidizing Process In Heterogeneous Porous Media, Vahidreza Bitarafhaghighi Jan 2015

Upscaling Of The Acidizing Process In Heterogeneous Porous Media, Vahidreza Bitarafhaghighi

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Coupled fluid flow, reaction and transport in porous media has been the topic of research in various disciplines for the past few decades. Conventional approach assumes a homogeneous and isotropic porous media, and simplifies the nature of coupling between fluid and rock interactions. However, including the reality of the process, i.e. assuming heterogeneous and anisotropic porous media with fully coupled rock fluid interaction, can lead to more advanced understanding of the fundamental physics behind the problem and developing efficient industrial applications. In the oil and gas industry optimization of different well stimulation techniques such as matrix acidizing in order to …


The Impact Of Model-Lead-Test Coaching On Parents' Implementation Of Reinforcement, Prompting, And Fading With Their Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Liyu Chen Jan 2015

The Impact Of Model-Lead-Test Coaching On Parents' Implementation Of Reinforcement, Prompting, And Fading With Their Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Liyu Chen

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Parents play an essential role in furthering the development of their children with special needs. They are being trained to be co-therapists for their own children. The goal is to improve the ways they interact with their children in order to create improvements in their children's everyday functioning. If the proper teaching strategies are consistently applied, a learner can significantly improve his/her performance of various life skills, including communication, self-care, social skills, along with other skill sets. Because adults' learning processes differ substantially from children's, it will be critical to utilize the "coaching" method that employs a Model-Lead-Test (MLT) approach …