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Qualitatively Assessing Background Factors Of Criminal Captive-Takers, Erin E. Grinnan Jan 2016

Qualitatively Assessing Background Factors Of Criminal Captive-Takers, Erin E. Grinnan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Captive-taking is an inclusive category of criminal behavior that encompasses kidnapping, hostage situations, and certain acts of terrorism within both domestic and international contexts. To date, the existing research examining the individuals that commit captive-taking events and their backgrounds has been minimal. Gaining a deeper understanding of these individuals and their backgrounds may better prepare the individuals that are charged with intervening in captive-taking events including law enforcement, military personnel, and psychologists who assist in negotiation procedures.;This dissertation is drawn from a pilot study consisting of interviews with seven, incarcerated individuals convicted of captive-taking. The purpose of this dissertation was …

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Expanding The Applications Of Ion Mobility Spectrometry And Mass Spectrometry In Integrative 'Omics Analyses, Gregory C. Donohoe Jan 2016

Expanding The Applications Of Ion Mobility Spectrometry And Mass Spectrometry In Integrative 'Omics Analyses, Gregory C. Donohoe

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Over the past few decades, biomolecular analyses ranging from the study of complex mixtures to protein structural interrogation have increased significantly. These studies range from small molecule separations[1, 2] to observing structural trends in large proteins and protein sub-complexes.[3, 4] Traditionally, the use of liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS), electrophoresis and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy have been at the forefront of these respective studies. Because complex mixtures can contain a variety of components over a wide dynamic range and proteins and their complexes can contain a diverse array of structures, few analytical techniques are capable of providing information across …

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Laugh With Me: Effects Of Shortcoms On Students' Motivation, Confidence, And Cultural Understanding In The French Classroom, Juliette Duthoit Jan 2016

Laugh With Me: Effects Of Shortcoms On Students' Motivation, Confidence, And Cultural Understanding In The French Classroom, Juliette Duthoit

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Research has shown that authentic audio-visual materials have had a positive effect in foreign language classroom on learners' motivation and their confidence. Studies have also shown that humor can aid learners' memorization and improve their motivation, whether it is used in course material or through the instructor's interaction with the learners. Few researchers have focused, however, on the effect of humorous audio-visual material on foreign language learning. The aim of this thesis is to research the effects of humor in authentic video programming on the learning of French. In particular it examines the genre of the shortcom and how its …

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Pretreating Underutilized Woody Biomass For Value-Added Biofuels And Bioproducts, Amy K. Falcon Jan 2016

Pretreating Underutilized Woody Biomass For Value-Added Biofuels And Bioproducts, Amy K. Falcon

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Biomass pretreatment is a key techno-economic factor affecting the yield and economics of bioenergy or bioproduct production. The cost of pretreatment significantly increases if the sugars cannot be efficiently recovered once they are removed from the complex wood structure. Separation of the liquid extract from the solid particulates is important, especially in cellulose and hemicellulose recovery. A urea pretreatment of woody biomass was studied in this paper due to the ability of urea to decompose into ammonia molecules and carbon dioxide. Glucose separation from woody biomass was analyzed as an indication of pretreatment efficiency using three separation techniques: Whatman 113 …

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Early Political Discord In Kenya: European Settlers' Political Struggles In The East Africa Protectorate, 1902-1912, Makhete Fall Jan 2016

Early Political Discord In Kenya: European Settlers' Political Struggles In The East Africa Protectorate, 1902-1912, Makhete Fall

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study of European settlers' political struggles encompasses a ten-year period (1902-12) during which the foundations of Kenya's modern politics were established. The dissertation follows political contestation originating from the East Africa Protectorate's small European settler community during the administrations of four commissioners/governors. The politics of this period involved varied individuals and organizations that sought to move the colonial state in the direction of policies European politicians advocated in such critical areas as land and labor, the administration of justice, and in the system of government that applied to them and other residents of the protectorate. The settler politicians pushed …

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Distributed Detection And Estimation In Wireless Sensor Networks, Mohammad Fanaei Jan 2016

Distributed Detection And Estimation In Wireless Sensor Networks, Mohammad Fanaei

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are typically formed by a large number of densely deployed, spatially distributed sensors with limited sensing, computing, and communication capabilities that cooperate with each other to achieve a common goal. In this dissertation, we investigate the problem of distributed detection, classification, estimation, and localization in WSNs. In this context, the sensors observe the conditions of their surrounding environment, locally process their noisy observations, and send the processed data to a central entity, known as the fusion center (FC), through parallel communication channels corrupted by fading and additive noise. The FC will then combine the received information …

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Contemporary Issues In Left Realism, Walter S. Dekeseredy Jan 2016

Contemporary Issues In Left Realism, Walter S. Dekeseredy

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Using Roger Matthews’ (2014) book Realist Criminology as a launching pad, this article points to some timely issues that warrant attention from Left Realism. Special attention is devoted to rebuilding the Left realist movement and to some new empirical directions, such as critical studies of policing, adult Internet pornography, and rural women and girls in conflict with the law.

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Microtubule Modification Influences Cellular Response To Amyloid-Β Exposure, Nicole Shamitko-Klingensmith, Jonathan W. Boyd, Justin Legleiter Jan 2016

Microtubule Modification Influences Cellular Response To Amyloid-Β Exposure, Nicole Shamitko-Klingensmith, Jonathan W. Boyd, Justin Legleiter

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

During the normal aging process, cytoskeletal changes such as a reduction in density or disruption of cytoskeletal components occur that can affect neuronal function. As aging is the biggest risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), this study sought to determine how microtubule (MT) modification influences cellular response upon exposure to β-amyloid1-42 (Aβ1-42), which is implicated in AD. The MT networks of hypothalamic GT1-7 neurons were modified by common disrupting or stabilizing drugs, and then the physical and mechanical properties of the modified neurons were determined. The MT modified neurons were then exposed to Aβ1-42 and the ability of the neurons …

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A Search For Rotating Radio Transients And Fast Radio Bursts In The Parkes High-Latitude Pulsar Survey, A. Rane, D. R. Lorimer, S. D. Bates, N. Mcmann, M. A. Mclaughlin, K. Rajwade Jan 2016

A Search For Rotating Radio Transients And Fast Radio Bursts In The Parkes High-Latitude Pulsar Survey, A. Rane, D. R. Lorimer, S. D. Bates, N. Mcmann, M. A. Mclaughlin, K. Rajwade

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Discoveries of rotating radio transients and fast radio bursts (FRBs) in pulsar surveys suggest that further transient sources await discovery in archival data sets. Here we report on a single-pulse search for dispersed radio bursts over a wide range of Galactic latitudes ($|b| < 60^{\circ}$) in data previously searched for periodic sources by Burgay et al. We detected 20 of the 42 pulsars reported by Burgay et al. and one radio transient. No FRBs were discovered in this survey. Taking into account this null result, along with other recent surveys at Parkes, and correcting for detection sensitivity based on the search algorithms used in the analyses, we find that the all-sky FRB event rate for sources with peak fluxes $> 0.1$ Jy to be ${\cal R} = 3.3^{+5.0}_{-2.5} \times 10^3$ FRBs day$^{-1}$ sky$^{-1}$, where the uncertainties represent a $99\%$ confidence interval. While this rate is several times lower than inferred from previous studies, it is consistent with all systematic FRB searches at Parkes to date and does not require the need to postulate a dearth of FRBs …

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Four-Membered Metallacycles Arising From An Ambiphilic Ligand: Synthesis And Characterization Of Group Ix Complexes, Rachael Nichole Pickens Jan 2016

Four-Membered Metallacycles Arising From An Ambiphilic Ligand: Synthesis And Characterization Of Group Ix Complexes, Rachael Nichole Pickens

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The reactivity of transition metal complexes is greatly affected by the complex structure and the nature of the coordinated ligands. Ambiphilic ligands, a class of molecule termed a frustrated Lewis pair that possesses non-interacting functional groups of both Lewis acidic and basic character, are of particular interests few reports of their application to organometallic catalysis have emerged and their full potential has not been achieved. Exploring the bi-functionality and the potential applications of such ligand frameworks with group IX transition metals with phosphino--borane (Ph2PCH 2CH2BBBN) complexes resulted in interesting reactivity. When treated with bases such as silver or lithium reagents, …

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The Perception Of Young Drivers And Their Understanding Of Graduated Drivers Licensing, Andrew Poszich Jan 2016

The Perception Of Young Drivers And Their Understanding Of Graduated Drivers Licensing, Andrew Poszich

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

New, young drivers are over three times more susceptible to crashes in their first 1,000 miles of on road driving. In order to reduce the number incident rate for teenage drivers, Graduated Drivers Licensing (GDL) programs have been implemented across the country. West Virginia, along with all other states, aims to further improve the effectiveness of this program. Currently, GDL effectiveness is steeply limited by the willingness of teenager drivers and their parents to comply with the laws in place. Across the country, programs are being implemented that help raise awareness of GDL and supplement some of the information already …

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Detecting Eccentric Supermassive Black Hole Binaries With Pulsar Timing Arrays: Resolvable Source Strategies, S. R. Taylor, E. A. Huerta, J. R. Gair, S. T. Mcwilliams Jan 2016

Detecting Eccentric Supermassive Black Hole Binaries With Pulsar Timing Arrays: Resolvable Source Strategies, S. R. Taylor, E. A. Huerta, J. R. Gair, S. T. Mcwilliams

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

The couplings between supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs) and their environments within galactic nuclei have been well studied as part of the search for solutions to the final parsec problem. The scattering of stars by the binary or the interaction with a circumbinary disk may efficiently drive the system to sub-parsec separations, allowing the binary to enter a regime where the emission of gravitational waves can drive it to merger within a Hubble time. However, these interactions can also affect the orbital parameters of the binary. In particular, they may drive an increase in binary eccentricity which survives until the …

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Intrinsic Electromagnetic Variability In Celestial Objects Containing Rapidly Spinning Black Holes, Fan Zhang Jan 2016

Intrinsic Electromagnetic Variability In Celestial Objects Containing Rapidly Spinning Black Holes, Fan Zhang

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Analytical studies have raised the concern that a mysterious expulsion of magnetic field lines by a rapidly spinning black hole (dubbed the black hole Meissner effect) would shut down the Blandford–Znajek process and quench the jets of active galactic nuclei and microquasars. This effect is, however, not seen observationally or in numerical simulations. Previous attempts at reconciling the predictions with observations have proposed several mechanisms to evade the Meissner effect. In this paper, we identify a new evasion mechanism and discuss its observational significance. Specifically, we show that the breakdown of stationarity is sufficient to remove the expulsion of the …

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Applicability Of The Newtonian Gravity Concept Inventory To Introductory College Physics Classes, Kathryn Williamson, Edward E. Prather, Shannon Willoughby Jan 2016

Applicability Of The Newtonian Gravity Concept Inventory To Introductory College Physics Classes, Kathryn Williamson, Edward E. Prather, Shannon Willoughby

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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High Energy Collisions Of Black Holes Numerically Revisited, James Healy, Ian Ruchlin, Carlos O. Lousto, Yosef Zlochower Jan 2016

High Energy Collisions Of Black Holes Numerically Revisited, James Healy, Ian Ruchlin, Carlos O. Lousto, Yosef Zlochower

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

We use fully nonlinear numerical relativity techniques to study high energy head-on collision of nonspinning, equal-mass black holes to estimate the maximum gravitational radiation emitted by these systems. Our simulations include improvements in the construction of initial data, subsequent full numerical evolutions, and the computation of waveforms at infinity. The new initial data significantly reduces the spurious radiation content, allowing for initial speeds much closer to the speed of light, i.e. \(v\sim0.99c\). Using these new techniques, We estimate the maximum radiated energy from head-on collisions to be \(E_{\text{max}}/M_{\text{ADM}}=0.13\pm0.01\). This value differs from the second-order perturbative \((0.164)\) and zero-frequency-limit \((0.17)\) analytic …

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Nursing Knowledge Of Heart Failure, Beth Ann White Jan 2016

Nursing Knowledge Of Heart Failure, Beth Ann White

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Heart failure is a constellation of signs and symptoms reflecting a physiologic change in the hearts ability to keep up with demand. Heart failure is considered a global pandemic and is a complex disease that oftentimes is progressive. Heart failure is often associated with underlying coronary atherosclerosis, and its associated risks, including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome and dyslipidemia. To slow the progression and improve quality of life patients should be educated about the disease and in most health care settings nurses provide this education. However, nurses may lack sufficient knowledge of the processes that lead to heart failure. The …

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On Designing Tattoo Registration And Matching Approaches In The Visible And Swir Bands, Xuan Xu Jan 2016

On Designing Tattoo Registration And Matching Approaches In The Visible And Swir Bands, Xuan Xu

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Face, iris and fingerprint based biometric systems are well explored areas of research. However, there are law enforcement and military applications where neither of the aforementioned modalities may be available to be exploited for human identification. In such applications, soft biometrics may be the only clue available that can be used for identification or verification purposes. Tattoo is an example of such a soft biometric trait. Unlike face-based biometric systems that used in both same-spectral and cross-spectral matching scenarios, tattoo-based human identification is still a not fully explored area of research. At this point in time there are no pre-processing, …

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Impact Of Nanoscale Pore Sizes On The Flow Of Gas Mixtures In Marcellus Shale Reservoir, Noor Mazher Alfashkhi Jan 2016

Impact Of Nanoscale Pore Sizes On The Flow Of Gas Mixtures In Marcellus Shale Reservoir, Noor Mazher Alfashkhi

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Pore proximity effect in shale reservoirs, unlike the conventional reservoirs, is very significant because the shale matrix contains pores in the range of nano meter that impact the phase behavior and fluid properties of the gas mixtures. The changes to the critical properties of the natural gas impacts the storage and flow in shale matrix. For optimization of gas extraction, understanding the gas properties is of great research interest.;In this research the impact of confinement on the gas viscosity and compressibility factor were evaluated using two typical composition of Marcellus shale gas. The results are to be used in formulating …

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Pe Teachers' Perceptions Of Technology-Related Learning Experiences: A Qualitative Investigation, Jun-Hyung Baek Jan 2016

Pe Teachers' Perceptions Of Technology-Related Learning Experiences: A Qualitative Investigation, Jun-Hyung Baek

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Background/Purpose: Educational organizations, such as National Association for Sport and Physical Education (NASPE) and International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE), established technology-related standards indicating the knowledge and skills necessary for teachers to integrate technology. Such standards have challenged teacher education programs to restructure existing PETE program to prepare teachers to have knowledge, skills, and dispositions necessary for successful technology integration (Jones, Bulger, & Wyant, 2012). Yet, physical education (PE) teachers frequently reported that they still do not feel sufficiently prepared to incorporate technology into their classroom (Juniu, Shonfeld, & Ganot, 2013). Thus, the purpose of this study was to …

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Impact Of Being A West Virginia State Ffa President On Career And Personal Accomplishments As Perceived By Past State Ffa Presidents 1955 To 2005, Jada M. Bennett Jan 2016

Impact Of Being A West Virginia State Ffa President On Career And Personal Accomplishments As Perceived By Past State Ffa Presidents 1955 To 2005, Jada M. Bennett

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This descriptive survey study was designed to identify the impact of being a West Virginia State FFA President elected between the years of 1955-2005 on career and personal accomplishments. The population consisted of 51 people who were elected to the office of West Virginia FFA President, the response rate was 69%. A survey which was composed of four main question sets was mailed to the accessible population.;Questions focused on their SAE and FFA experience, involvement in community and school activities, leadership skills, and demographics. Data were collected and analyzed to identify contributing factors in each of the constructs. The study …

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The Regulation Of Alternative Pre-Mrna Splicing In Photoreceptor Cells., Daniel P. Murphy Jan 2016

The Regulation Of Alternative Pre-Mrna Splicing In Photoreceptor Cells., Daniel P. Murphy

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Alternative pre-mRNA splicing provides an important mechanism for generating the diverse array of proteins required to generate complex tissue and cell types from a limited genome. Therefore, the proper regulation of alternative splicing is vital to shape cellular identity and function. As consequence, defects in alternative splicing are associated with disease phenotypes that can range from systemic syndromes to the dysfunction of single cell types. For example, heterozygous mutations in ubiquitously expressed components of the spliceosome lead to photoreceptor specific cell death. This suggests that the topography of alternative splicing in photoreceptors cells may be unique, a notion which is …

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Modeling And Simulation Of Components In An Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle Plant For Developing Sensor Networks To Detect Faults, Pratik Pednekar Jan 2016

Modeling And Simulation Of Components In An Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle Plant For Developing Sensor Networks To Detect Faults, Pratik Pednekar

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The goal of this work is to help synthesize a sensor network to detect and diagnose faults and to monitor conditions of the key equipment items. The desired algorithm for sensor network design would provide information about the number, type and location of sensors that should be deployed for fault diagnosis and condition monitoring of a plant. In this work, the focus was on the integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power plant where the faults at the equipment level and the plant level are considered separately. At the plant level, the objective is to observe whether a fault has occurred …

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Development Of Real-Time Optimal Control Strategy Of Hybrid Transit Bus Based On Predicted Driving Pattern, Wei Qi Jan 2016

Development Of Real-Time Optimal Control Strategy Of Hybrid Transit Bus Based On Predicted Driving Pattern, Wei Qi

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The control strategy of a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) has been an active research area in the past decades. The main goal of the optimal control strategy is to maximize the fuel economy and minimize exhaust emissions while also satisfying the expected vehicle performance. Dynamic programming (DP) is an algorithm capable of finding the global optimal solution of HEV operation. However, DP cannot be used as a real-time control approach as it requires pre-known driving information. The equivalent consumption minimization strategy (ECMS) is a real-time control approach, but it always results in local optima due to the non-convex cost function. …

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Design And Evaluation Of Functional Gear For Protection, Fit And Mobility, Ruchireeka Rath Jan 2016

Design And Evaluation Of Functional Gear For Protection, Fit And Mobility, Ruchireeka Rath

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Functional wearables are a growing field at the intersection of fashion and technology. This research centers on the conceptual development of a fastening system in a functional wearable - fishing footwear - by assimilating utilitarian design values in a product design model. A project-based research methodology utilizing an iterative design process was used to create a multifunctional and technologically enabled closure system in fishing footwear. As part of the planning phase, an extensive review was conducted. This exploration substantiated the need for research centered around fastening systems for fishing footwear. A thorough investigative study was conducted as part of research …

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Design, Construction, And Qualificataion Of The West Virginia University Environmental Wind Tunnel, Stephen N. Rotruck Jan 2016

Design, Construction, And Qualificataion Of The West Virginia University Environmental Wind Tunnel, Stephen N. Rotruck

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The interaction with the planetary atmosphere is an unavoidable fact when dealing with problems related to aerodynamic studies within the confines of the planet. These include flow effects on bridges, buildings, and various terrain types. Researchers look for more realistic approaches to modeling the complex behavior of the turbulent atmosphere. Environmental wind tunnels (EWTs) were specifically developed to meet this need.;Using parts donated by Cornell University to West Virginia University, a new EWT was built to allow researchers at West Virginia University to begin studying interactions with flow phenomena present in Earth's atmosphere. Problems in the original design required sections …

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Apical Canal Transportation After Instrumentation With Two New Rotary Files; A Comparative Study With Micro Ct, Wisam Sakr Jan 2016

Apical Canal Transportation After Instrumentation With Two New Rotary Files; A Comparative Study With Micro Ct, Wisam Sakr

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Introduction.;Excessive dentin removal in a single direction within the canal causes canal transportation. A study by Peters OA has shown that the canal transportation is highest apically. A number of cleaning and shaping principles have been previously suggested and should be followed to achieve optimum results. These principles include the developing of a continuously tapering funnel from the coronal access cavity to the root apex, following the original canal shape and maintaining the apical foramen in its original spatial relationship both to the periapical tissues and to the root surface. The aim of this study is to construct detailed three-dimensional …

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Comprehensive Academic Undergraduate Advising Services: One University's Successful Model, Heidi B. Samuels Jan 2016

Comprehensive Academic Undergraduate Advising Services: One University's Successful Model, Heidi B. Samuels

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This qualitative study examined the emerging field of comprehensive academic advising programs (CAAPs). The purpose of this study is to describe a successful CAAP in-depth at one public four-year higher education institution. The research specifically investigated strategies the CAAP uses with the aim of increasing retention rates, and level of CAAP embeddedness into institutional culture. Findings indicated that the CAAP was successful at embedding the CAAP in to the surface and middle layers of the culture. Good academic advising was recognized as an essential element of the effective CAAP across participant groups. Slightly divergent results concerning other CAAP elements indicated …

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Characterizations Of The Marcellus Shale Petrophysical Properties, Mohamed Elsaig Jan 2016

Characterizations Of The Marcellus Shale Petrophysical Properties, Mohamed Elsaig

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The application of horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing have made hydrocarbon production economically viable from the unconventional shale formations. Statistics show that currently, hydrocarbon production from shale formations play a major role in the overall production of hydrocarbon in the United States. However, the petrophysical characteristics of the shale which influence the hydrocarbon recovery and the optimization of hydraulic fracturing treatments have not been well established.;The characteristics of the unconventional formations, such as shale with ultra-low permeability, are often measured by unsteady-state techniques. The results of the unsteady state measurements, however, cannot be corrected for the pore and confining pressures …

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Recovery Of The Regression Functions And Distributions In Some Incomplete Models, Broti Garai Jan 2016

Recovery Of The Regression Functions And Distributions In Some Incomplete Models, Broti Garai

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In this research, we propose formulas for recovering the regression function based on the product moments as well as recovering the distributions and derivative function in some indirect models. The upper bounds for the uniform rate of approximations are also derived. For regression functions two cases where the support of underlying functions is bounded and unbounded from above are studied. Based on the proposed approximations, new types of nonparametric estimates of the cumulative distribution, the density functions and the derivative functions in multiplicative-censoring model, as well as the approximations of conditional variance, are constructed. The suggested approach is also applied …

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A Geometric Hashing Technique For Star Pattern Recognition, Joshua Gerhard Jan 2016

A Geometric Hashing Technique For Star Pattern Recognition, Joshua Gerhard

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

With the present interest in deep space missions by NASA and other space agencies, various techniques are continuously being developed and tested for accurate spacecraft attitude determination. One particularly important problem is the situation where the spacecraft has no a priori attitude information --- the so called "lost-in-space'' problem. This thesis presents a novel method for recognizing star patterns in an image with no a priori attitude information, with applications to spacecraft star trackers and other similar attitude sensors. Specifically, a geometric hashing approach is proposed that describes star patterns by the four interior star angles that form the perimeter …

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