Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

West Virginia University

Discipline
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 3361 - 3390 of 4525

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Rx Plays Multiple Roles In Eye Development, Vera A. Voronina Aug 2003

Rx Plays Multiple Roles In Eye Development, Vera A. Voronina

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The homeobox was first identified as a common feature of Drosophila genes that control pattern formation during embryogenesis. These genes have been implicated in the regional specialization of the developing brain, spinal cord and other body structures. Homeobox gene families are highly conserved and encode DNA-binding regulatory proteins. Certain members of the homeobox gene family, including Pax6, Chx10, Lhx2, Otx2, Six3 and Six6, are crucial for development of the eye. A new family of retinal homeobox genes, Rx, is expressed early in embryogenesis in retinal stem cells. This expression pattern, along with results of overexpression and gene deletion studies, is …

Go to article

The Commons: Our Mission, Roger A. Lohmann Jul 2003

The Commons: Our Mission, Roger A. Lohmann

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

The commons points to a set of ideas and practices anchored deep in Anglo-American history, law and culture that offers powerful ways to explain the unique mission and role of nonprofit activity, voluntary action and philanthropy

Go to article

Coal-Related Greenhouse Gas Management Issues, J. Brett Harvey, Frank Burke May 2003

Coal-Related Greenhouse Gas Management Issues, J. Brett Harvey, Frank Burke

National Coal Council Reports

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Gene Expression Profiling In Prepubertal And Adult Male Mice Using Cdna And Oligonucleotide Microarrays, Lisa Marie Tomascik-Cheeseman May 2003

Gene Expression Profiling In Prepubertal And Adult Male Mice Using Cdna And Oligonucleotide Microarrays, Lisa Marie Tomascik-Cheeseman

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Variations in gene expression are the basis of differences in cell and tissue function, response to DNA damaging agents, susceptibility to genetic disease, and cellular differentiation. The purpose of this dissertation research was to characterize variation in basal gene expression among adult mouse tissues for selected stress response, DNA repair and damage control genes and to utilize variation in temporal gene expression patterns to identify candidate genes associated with germ cell differentiation from mitosis through meiosis in the prepubertal mouse testis. To accomplish these goals, high throughput analyses of gene expression were performed using custom cDNA and random oligonucleotide microarrays. …

Go to article

Effects Of Artificial Neural Networks Characterization On Prediction Of Diesel Engine Emissions, Azadeh Tehranian May 2003

Effects Of Artificial Neural Networks Characterization On Prediction Of Diesel Engine Emissions, Azadeh Tehranian

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

More than a century after its invention, diesel remains the fuel of choice for buses and freight trucks. Diesel exhaust contains three gases that are regulated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), as well as particulate matter (PM). There is a societal need both to lower emissions and to predict or model emissions more accurately for inventory purposes. Engine modeling, and real time control are the most indispensable steps towards lowering engine emissions, and it is argued that this modeling can be achieved by implementation of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). Effects of ANN design, architecture, and learning parameters …

Go to article

Changes In Immune Cell Populations And The Antibody Response To Streptococcus Pneumoniae After Exposure To A Mixture Of Herbicides, Patricia De La Rosa May 2003

Changes In Immune Cell Populations And The Antibody Response To Streptococcus Pneumoniae After Exposure To A Mixture Of Herbicides, Patricia De La Rosa

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The environment that we live in is composed of many different chemicals, Because of this, all chemical exposures, whether environmental or industrial, are exposures to mixtures. These mixtures have the potential to affect the immune system in a manner that is qualitatively or quantitatively different from the response to the individual components of the mixture. My experiments examine the effects of in vivo exposure to a mixture of herbicides on immune cell populations and on the humoral immune response to immunization with heat killed, whole-cell, Streptococcus pneumoniae (HKSP). The herbicide propanil (3,4-dichloropropionanilide) is sold as a mixture with the herbicide …

Go to article

Telecommunication Of Stabilizing Signals In Power Systems, Guillaume Julien Raux May 2003

Telecommunication Of Stabilizing Signals In Power Systems, Guillaume Julien Raux

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Deregulation of the power industry has occurred at a rapid pace, opening some promising competition between suppliers. The result of this competition should be to the benefit of customers.;Telecommunication plays a crucial role in integrating systems and ensuring smooth operation by way of exchanging data and information between various systems that are responsible for monitoring and control of the grid. For example, a Power System Stabilizer (PSS) controller could be placed at one of the generators and requires remote measurements. All the communication schemes within the network generate delays that are characterized in this project using OPNET Modeler. OPNET Modeler …

Go to article

Evaluating The Cost-Effectiveness Of St. John's Wort Versus Fluoxetine For The Treatment Of Mild To Moderate Depression, Lee Ann Thayer May 2003

Evaluating The Cost-Effectiveness Of St. John's Wort Versus Fluoxetine For The Treatment Of Mild To Moderate Depression, Lee Ann Thayer

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The objective of this study was to determine the cost-effectiveness of St. John's Wort compared to fluoxetine from a third party perspective for the treatment of mild to moderate depression. Fluoxetine 20 mg daily was compared to St. John's Wort 300 mg thrice daily in a decision tree modeling depression management in the outpatient setting. Probabilities were obtained from a Medline search as well as input from an expert panel. Direct medical costs were obtained from medical offices in the Connecticut area with drug and herb cost based on 2002 published data. Several sensitivity analyses were performed. The cost-effectiveness ratio …

Go to article

Wildlife Use And Habitat Quality Of Back Channel Areas Associated With Islands On The Ohio River, West Virginia, Andrew Karl Zadnik May 2003

Wildlife Use And Habitat Quality Of Back Channel Areas Associated With Islands On The Ohio River, West Virginia, Andrew Karl Zadnik

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The islands and associated back channels on the Ohio River have long been thought to provide important habitat characteristics for riparian wildlife. However, few studies have quantitatively evaluated this importance. As pressure continues to develop back channel areas for commercial and residential use, quantitative information is vital for natural resource managers to justify conserving these areas for wildlife. The goals of my study were to quantify wildlife use of back and main channels relative to waterbirds, anurans, turtles, and riparian furbearing mammals, and to evaluate the habitat quality of back and main channels through the use of habitat suitability index …

Go to article

Studies On The Effects Of Propanil On Macrophage Function And Signaling, Laura Lynn Frost May 2003

Studies On The Effects Of Propanil On Macrophage Function And Signaling, Laura Lynn Frost

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Propanil has been shown to induce numerous manifestations of impaired immune responses. This dissertation focuses on the effects of propanil on TNF-alpha production and NFB activation in murine and human macrophages in response to LPS stimulation. Initial studies demonstrated that propanil treatment of the murine peritoneal macrophage cell line, IC-21 resulted in decreased NF-kappaB activation and transcriptional activity as determined by Western blot and NF-kappaB-dependent reporter gene transcription, respectively. Nuclear localization of NF-kappaB was also shown to be decreased by immunofluorescence. Additional studies to confirm these effects in the human cell line, THP-1 also showed decreased nuclear levels of NF-kappaB …

Go to article

Influence Of Sward Height, Daily Timing Of Concentrate Supplementation And Grazing Time Management On Pasture Utilization Of Lactating Beef Cows, Ondieki James Gekara May 2003

Influence Of Sward Height, Daily Timing Of Concentrate Supplementation And Grazing Time Management On Pasture Utilization Of Lactating Beef Cows, Ondieki James Gekara

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

To establish the effect of sward height, concentrate feeding time and grazing time management on performance of grazing cattle, thirty-two cross-bred beef (24 Angus and 8 Hereford) cows (632 kg BW) and calves (104 kg BW) were grouped by weight and calving date. They were randomly assigned to two sward height (SH) treatments (4 to 8 or 8 to 12 cm), replicated four times. The cows were fed a concentrate supplement (4.1 kg DM·cow -1·d-1) in the AM at 0700 h or PM at 1800 h (T), and either restricted to 12 h/d grazing (0700 to 1900 h) or unrestricted …

Go to article

Regulation Of P-Glycoprotein And Abcp Transporters, Dhanashri Ramkrishna Kolwankar May 2003

Regulation Of P-Glycoprotein And Abcp Transporters, Dhanashri Ramkrishna Kolwankar

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The placenta plays an important role in modulating xenobiotic passage from mother to fetus. Smoking is known to induce cytochrome P450 1Al (CYP1A1) expression in the placenta, however its effect on P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and ABC transporter in placenta (ABCP) levels in placenta is not known. In-vitro studies in hepatocytes have reported induction of P-gp mRNA by some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. To examine whether smoking can affect placental P-gp and ABCP, their expression and activity were determined in placentas from smokers and non-smokers. Uptake of [3H]-vinblastine and [3H]-mitoxantrone was used to measure P-gp and ABCP function, respectively and CYP1A1 activity (positive …

Go to article

Population Dynamics Of Selected Lepidoptera Associated With Gypsy Moth [Lymantria Dispar (L.)] In Central Appalachia, Sandra Raimondo May 2003

Population Dynamics Of Selected Lepidoptera Associated With Gypsy Moth [Lymantria Dispar (L.)] In Central Appalachia, Sandra Raimondo

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Despite the wealth of research conducted on gypsy moth [(Lymantria dispar L.)(Lymantriidae: Lepidoptera)] populations dynamics, quantitative analysis of the native lepidopteran community in which gypsy moth has become naturalized is extremely limited. This study examined the population dynamics of native Lepidoptera in two gypsy moth management areas in West Virginia and Virginia. Data were collected between 1995 and 2001 on 18 plots distributed on two national forests (Monongahela National Forest, WV and George Washington National Forest, VA). Four lepidopteran sampling techniques (gypsy moth egg mass surveys, canvas bands and foliage clippings for larval sampling, and light trap samples for adults) …

Go to article

Loss Count, Sonya Corin Russomanno May 2003

Loss Count, Sonya Corin Russomanno

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

My prints encompass themes of loss of past experiences, poetics, repetition, and feeling. By remembering facts from past experiences, one can recall how a particular moment felt. My intention when producing a piece of work is to generalize themes of loss, time, and memory by using visual features of pattern, space, and repetition of forms to exemplify feelings in relation to loss, time, and memory. This thesis statement will first address themes of loss, time, memory, and the visual devices that are employed with one intention, that they exemplify features crucial in my work. In addition, I will address the …

Go to article

Enhancing The Effectiveness Of The Utility Energy Supply Chain In Integrated Steel Manufacturing, Girish Sudhir Bhave May 2003

Enhancing The Effectiveness Of The Utility Energy Supply Chain In Integrated Steel Manufacturing, Girish Sudhir Bhave

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The iron and steel industry is energy intensive. The steel industry accounts for 2--3 of total US energy consumption. The energy costs account for 12--15% of the total cost of manufacturing steel. Cogeneration is done by most of the integrated steel producers for on-site electricity generation. The steel industries use different utility systems, and 90% of the industry uses standard steam boilers, steam turbines and BOP (Basic Oxygen Process). The boilers produce steam which is used for power generation and production processes. The system consumes oil, natural gas and blast furnace gas (BFG) to produce this steam and electricity. It …

Go to article

Inhalation Exposure System For Diesel Exhaust Particulates, Jay Michael Sherman May 2003

Inhalation Exposure System For Diesel Exhaust Particulates, Jay Michael Sherman

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The objectives of this research were twofold. First, a Hazelton 2000 Inhalation Chamber was modified to minimize the amount of diesel exhaust particulate (DEP) needed for animal inhalation exposures. Second, instrumentation was evaluated for aerosolizing DEP, monitoring the mass concentration and size distribution, and determining the uniformity of the aerosol.;The Jet-O-Mizer jet mill produced a single mode DEP mass median diameter (MMD) of 0.33 mum while maintaining a relatively steady mass concentration of 10 mg/m3. The uniformity of a carbon black aerosol was found to vary from 9.9 mg/m3 in the front part of the chamber, to 10.4 mg/m3 in …

Go to article

Reinforcement And Punishment During Programmed Instruction, Stephen C. Scherer May 2003

Reinforcement And Punishment During Programmed Instruction, Stephen C. Scherer

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Recommendations for improving answer accuracy during programmed instruction have included the use of punishment to decrease the rate of students' responding and to prevent careless mistakes. The effects of punishment during programmed instruction, however, have not been clearly identified. There is evidence that punishment increases attention and decreases response rates during learning tasks, but other effects on student responding, including escape from the learning task, have not been systematically examined. The present study was designed to systematically examine the effects of punishment as well as extinction during programmed instruction. Four college students were recruited to earn money while working on …

Go to article

Dietary Factors Influencing Iron Status Among Wic Participants Ages 6--24 Months, Marci Stayner Cannon May 2003

Dietary Factors Influencing Iron Status Among Wic Participants Ages 6--24 Months, Marci Stayner Cannon

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Iron deficiency is a nationwide concern. Dietary strategies issued by national organizations, aim to help prevent childhood iron deficiency. This study examined the relationship of dietary factors with iron status in WIC participants 6--24 months. This was a cross-sectional study of 50 rural infants and toddlers.;Iron deficiency was determined from one blood sample analyzed for serum ferritin (SF) and transferrin saturation (TS). Iron deficiency was defined as SF ≤ 15 ug/dL and TS ≤ 15%. Two, 24-hour dietary recalls were collected. Stepwise logistic regression was used to evaluate factors predictive of iron status.;Thirteen children (26%) were iron deficient. Iron status …

Go to article

Cellular Specializations For Sound Localization, Kevin C. Rowland May 2003

Cellular Specializations For Sound Localization, Kevin C. Rowland

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

One of the key elements in auditory perception is the localization of sounds in space. The major cues used for localizing sounds in the azimuthal plane have long been recognized as interaural differences in time of arrival of a sound and amplitude differences between the two ears (Rayleigh 1907; Thompson 1878). High frequency sounds are reflected by the head and thereby produce interaural level differences (ILDs) that are used for localization. The head does not reflect low frequency sounds and so interaural timing differences (ITDs) are used. One of the cell groups of the auditory brainstem, the medial superior olive …

Go to article

Seasonal Movement And Macro-Habitat Use Of Largemouth Bass (Micropterus Salmoides) In An Ohio River Navigation Pool, Jason Gregory Freund May 2003

Seasonal Movement And Macro-Habitat Use Of Largemouth Bass (Micropterus Salmoides) In An Ohio River Navigation Pool, Jason Gregory Freund

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Largemouth bass provide an important recreational fishery in the Ohio River. Our objectives were to determine critical over-wintering and spawning habitats of largemouth bass in the Belleville Pool of the Ohio River. We surgically implanted radio-transmitters in 39 adult largemouth bass and tracked them over a 23-month period. Our results demonstrate the importance of off-channel habitats in the life history of largemouth bass in large river systems. Sedimentation, resulting in a loss of embayment quality and surface area, is an important problem and thus merits increased attention. Restoration and protection efforts to improve largemouth bass fisheries in large river systems …

Go to article

Meeting The Challenges Of Pasture-Finished Beef, Edward Barrow Rayburn Feb 2003

Meeting The Challenges Of Pasture-Finished Beef, Edward Barrow Rayburn

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

WVU-Extension fact sheet

Go to article

Region Vii Workforce Investment Area Labor Market Study, Randy Childs, George Hammond, Samia Islam Jan 2003

Region Vii Workforce Investment Area Labor Market Study, Randy Childs, George Hammond, Samia Islam

Bureau of Business & Economic Research

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Municipal Finance In West Virginia: Forging A Course For Fiscal Stability, Mehmet Tosun Jan 2003

Municipal Finance In West Virginia: Forging A Course For Fiscal Stability, Mehmet Tosun

Bureau of Business & Economic Research

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Alteration Of Pulmonary Immunity To Listeria Monocytogenes By Diesel Exhaust Particles (Deps). Ii. Effects Of Deps On T-Cell-Mediated Immune Responses In Rats., Xue-Jun Yin, Rosana Schafer, Jane Y C Ma, James M. Antonini, Jenny R. Roberts, David N. Weissman, Paul D. Siegel, Joseph K H Ma Jan 2003

Alteration Of Pulmonary Immunity To Listeria Monocytogenes By Diesel Exhaust Particles (Deps). Ii. Effects Of Deps On T-Cell-Mediated Immune Responses In Rats., Xue-Jun Yin, Rosana Schafer, Jane Y C Ma, James M. Antonini, Jenny R. Roberts, David N. Weissman, Paul D. Siegel, Joseph K H Ma

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Previously, we showed that diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) suppressed pulmonary clearance of Listeria monocytogenes (Listeria) and inhibited the phagocytosis of alveolar macrophages and their response to Listeria in the secretion of interleukin (IL)-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and IL-12. In this report we examined the effects of DEPs and/or Listeria on T-cell development and secretion of IL-2, IL-6, and interferon (IFN)-gamma. We exposed Brown Norway rats to clean air or DEPs at 50 or 100 mg/m3 for 4 hr by nose-only inhalation and inoculated with 100,000 Listeria. Lymphocytes in the lung-draining lymph nodes were isolated at 3 and 7 …

Go to article

Alteration Of Pulmonary Immunity To Listeria Monocytogenes By Diesel Exhaust Particles (Deps). I. Effects Of Deps On Early Pulmonary Response, Xue-Jun Yin, Rosana Schafer, Jane Y C Ma, James M. Antonini, David D. Weissman, Paul D. Siegel, Mark W. Barger, Jenny R. Roberts, Joseph K-H Ma Jan 2003

Alteration Of Pulmonary Immunity To Listeria Monocytogenes By Diesel Exhaust Particles (Deps). I. Effects Of Deps On Early Pulmonary Response, Xue-Jun Yin, Rosana Schafer, Jane Y C Ma, James M. Antonini, David D. Weissman, Paul D. Siegel, Mark W. Barger, Jenny R. Roberts, Joseph K-H Ma

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

It has been hypothesized that diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) aggravate pulmonary bacterial infection by both innate and cell-mediated immune mechanisms. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the effects of DEP exposure on the functions of alveolar macrophages (AMs) and lymphocytes from lung-draining lymph nodes using a rat Listeria monocytogenes infection model. In the present study, we focused on the effects of DEP exposure on AM functions, including phagocytic activity and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. The Listeria infection model was characterized by an increase in neutrophil count, albumin content, and acellular lactate dehydrogenase activity in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid at …

Go to article

Expression Of Hsp 27, Hsp 60, Hsc 70, And Hsp 70 Stress Response Genes In Cultured Human Urothelial Cells (Urotsa) Exposed To Lethal And Sublethal Concentrations Of Sodium Arsenite., Michael R. Rossi, Seema Somji, Scott H. Garrett, Mary Ann Sens, Joginder Nath, Donald S. Sens Jan 2003

Expression Of Hsp 27, Hsp 60, Hsc 70, And Hsp 70 Stress Response Genes In Cultured Human Urothelial Cells (Urotsa) Exposed To Lethal And Sublethal Concentrations Of Sodium Arsenite., Michael R. Rossi, Seema Somji, Scott H. Garrett, Mary Ann Sens, Joginder Nath, Donald S. Sens

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

The stress response is one mechanism that the bladder urothelium could potentially employ to protect itself from cellular damage after exposure to arsenic and, in so doing, influence the shape of the dose-response curve at low concentrations of exposure to this environmental pollutant. In the present study, we used the cultured human urothelial cell line UROtsa, a model of human urothelium, to determine the expression of heat shock proteins hsp 27, hsp 60, hsc 70, and hsp 70 after acute and extended exposure of the cells to lethal and sublethal levels of sodium arsenite (NaAsO2). Acute exposure was modeled by …

Go to article

Exposure To Asphalt Fumes Activates Activator Protein-1 Through The Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt Signaling Pathway In Mouse Epidermal Cells, Cuiling Ma, Jin Wang, Jia Luo Jan 2003

Exposure To Asphalt Fumes Activates Activator Protein-1 Through The Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt Signaling Pathway In Mouse Epidermal Cells, Cuiling Ma, Jin Wang, Jia Luo

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Go to article

The Permeability Of The Endoplasmic Reticulum Is Dynamically Coupled To Protein Synthesis, Anirban Roy, William F. Wonderlin Jan 2003

The Permeability Of The Endoplasmic Reticulum Is Dynamically Coupled To Protein Synthesis, Anirban Roy, William F. Wonderlin

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Molecular Mechanisms Of G Protein-Receptor Coupling, Hongzheng Ma Jan 2003

Molecular Mechanisms Of G Protein-Receptor Coupling, Hongzheng Ma

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

A variety of extracellular signals are transmitted into the cell interior by interactions with a superfamily of heptahelical cell surface receptors. Heterotrimeric G proteins mediate the signal transduction by coupling these receptors to intracellular effector proteins. The molecular mechanisms in G protein-receptor coupling processes are still not completely understood. In this project, two aspects of G protein-receptor coupling were examined: (1) the G protein-coupling properties of the five human muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs); (2) a novel regulatory mechanism by a newly identified G protein signal regulator, Activator of G-protein Signaling 3 (AGS3). To study the regulation of G protein-receptor coupling, …

Go to article

A New Model For The Assessment Of Nonpoint Source Pollution Using Gis And Virtual Intelligence., Seyed Razi Gaskari Jan 2003

A New Model For The Assessment Of Nonpoint Source Pollution Using Gis And Virtual Intelligence., Seyed Razi Gaskari

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Today, nonpoint source (NPS) pollution remains as the leading cause of water quality problems in the United States (USEPA, 1996). The most common NPS pollutants are sediment (i.e. total suspended solids, TSS) and nutrients (i.e. total nitrogen, TN). These wash into water bodies from agricultural land, construction sites, and other areas of disturbance. To develop the virtual non-point source assessment system (VNPSAS) model, monitoring gauges were selected for data extraction from West Virginia and also the western part of Virginia. A geographic information system (GIS) was used as a productive environment for data extraction and spatial analysis. The information for …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last