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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Transcriptional Activation Is Mediated By Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1Α, Hdm2, And P70s6k1 In Response To Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt Signaling, Heath D. Skinner, Jenny Z. Zheng, Jing Fang, Faton Agani, Bing-Hua Jiang Jan 2004

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Transcriptional Activation Is Mediated By Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1Α, Hdm2, And P70s6k1 In Response To Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt Signaling, Heath D. Skinner, Jenny Z. Zheng, Jing Fang, Faton Agani, Bing-Hua Jiang

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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A Product Of Mexico: Truly Mexican Taste?, Maria E. Cazares Jan 2004

A Product Of Mexico: Truly Mexican Taste?, Maria E. Cazares

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Because people of all races, creeds and colors tend to view the world about them through their own eyes, or through the lenses of their own cultures (Fellows, 1972, p.39), it is logical to think that all kinds of visual expression differs from one culture to another, and that graphic design is not an exception. Coming from a place so rich in ancient and modern culture as is Mexico, I have been able to enjoy two very different experiences in a foreign country. On one hand, I came to the United States filled with the essence of being Mexican, and …

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Mechanisms Of Reduced Luteal Sensitivity To Pgf2alpha In Ruminants., Beth A. Costine Jan 2004

Mechanisms Of Reduced Luteal Sensitivity To Pgf2alpha In Ruminants., Beth A. Costine

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The corpus luteum (CL) of ruminants exhibits periods of reduced sensitivity to the luteolysin prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α). The CL has reduced sensitivity to PGF2α early in the luteal phase. Mechanisms of reduced luteal sensitivity to PGF2α during the early portion of the luteal phase have been widely studied, with a focus on regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 and components of the endothelin system. The first ovulation in postpartum cows results in a CL that regresses during transition from a period of reduced sensitivity to susceptibility to PGF2α, and there is evidence that the first CL in the postpartum cow is more sensitive …

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Methamphetamine Toxicity: Thermal Degradation, Cyp450-Mediated Metabolic Activation And Cytotoxic Epoxide Formation., Madhu Sanga Jan 2004

Methamphetamine Toxicity: Thermal Degradation, Cyp450-Mediated Metabolic Activation And Cytotoxic Epoxide Formation., Madhu Sanga

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Methamphetamine hydrochloride and other drugs of abuse undergo thermal degradation upon smoking. Pyrolytic degradation products of cocaine, phencyclidine and methamphetamine laced on tobacco have been identified in simulated smoking experiments. However, thermal degradation products of methamphetamine hydrochloride alone are not known. Differential scanning calorimetry was used to simulate smoking conditions and to thermally degrade methamphetamine hydrochloride. trans-1-Phenyl-1-propene was one of the major thermal degradation products identified. In pooled human liver microsomes, trans-1-phenyl-1-propene was converted to trans-1-phenylpropylene oxide ( trans-2-methyl-3-phenyloxirane) and cinnamyl alcohol (3-phenyl-2-propen-1-ol). Epoxide formation in pooled human liver microsomes showed an apparent K m of 110 ± 16 μM …

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The Role Of Joint Control In The Manded Selection Responses Of Non-Vocal Children With Autism., Joyce C. Tu Jan 2004

The Role Of Joint Control In The Manded Selection Responses Of Non-Vocal Children With Autism., Joyce C. Tu

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In the present study, joint control training was applied when teaching selection responses to four non-vocal children with autism. This study is a systematic replication of Tu (2001). The children were two males (ages six and seven), and two females (ages twelve and thirteen). The result showed that it was only after the joint tact/self-mimetic/sequelic control training that the symmetrical performance of manded selection responses appeared with no additional training.

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An Efficient Method For Texture-Based Image Retrieval., Umasankar Kandaswamy Jan 2004

An Efficient Method For Texture-Based Image Retrieval., Umasankar Kandaswamy

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The extraction of significant features from an image is a primary process in content-based analysis of image data. It is also a computationally intensive process. Using an appropriate approximation of the original image with effective signal processing can decrease the computational cost of the feature extraction process by orders of magnitude. This thesis shows that a pertinent approximation for texture images when used with a proposed distance measure can lead to a significant reduction in the cost of texture image analysis without introducing any significant error in the retrieval performance. An evaluation of the hypothesis is conducted in two popular …

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Baselining A Compressed Air System: An Expert Systems Approach., Arul Prasad Senniappan Jan 2004

Baselining A Compressed Air System: An Expert Systems Approach., Arul Prasad Senniappan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The depletion of fossils fuels, the unstable supply of these fuels, and the phenomenal increase in energy costs emphasize the need to conserve energy. Compressed air systems are major energy consuming systems in most of industries and are known to be the most inefficient. The baselining of such systems assumes importance in energy conservation because of this. As a result, the baseline of such systems stresses the importance of energy conservation. When designing a new facility and operating an existing one, eliminating inefficiencies such as inappropriate uses, excessive system pressure, leaks and other wastages leads to energy conservation. This research …

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An Exploratory Analysis Of Personal Naming Practices Of Western North American Indians., Elizabeth L. Compton Jan 2004

An Exploratory Analysis Of Personal Naming Practices Of Western North American Indians., Elizabeth L. Compton

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This exploratory analysis examined the sociocultural parameters of 172 Western North American Indian tribes to determine if patterns would emerge in relation to personal naming practices. Five sociocultural parameters (fixity of settlement, dominant form of polygamy, descent pattern, postnuptial residence, and geographical/cultural area) and four personal naming dimensions (nicknames, timing of naming, name bestower, and naming ceremonies) were selected for analysis. Loglinear regressions were conducted. With an alpha level of .05, six significant relationships emerged: 1) nicknaming practices and polygamy, p = .0326, 2) nicknaming practices and descent patterns, p = .0574, 3) timing of naming and the geographical/cultural area, …

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Development Of A Standardized Abrasive Scale: An Analysis Of Commercial Prophylaxis Pastes., Karen D. Avey Jan 2004

Development Of A Standardized Abrasive Scale: An Analysis Of Commercial Prophylaxis Pastes., Karen D. Avey

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Currently, no standard abrasive scale exists for dental prophylaxis pastes. Manufacturers determine their definition of abrasive grit levels. The purpose of this study was to measure resulting surface roughness on bovine enamel of a representative sample of prophylaxis pastes. The study consisted of a survey of prophylaxis paste manufacturers, a pilot study and an analysis of bovine tooth specimens. Prophylaxis pastes, pumice and toothpaste comprised the sample. Equipment was constructed for applying abrasives to specimens at 2500 rpm for five seconds under a load of 145-grams. Pre and post-test surface roughness readings were recorded. Repeated measures ANOVA determined that the …

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Cloning And Molecular Characterization Of Calpain/Calpastatin Genes From Rainbow Trout. A Potential Biogenetic Tool For Monitoring Muscle Growth And Texture Development., Mohamed Sewalim Salem Jan 2004

Cloning And Molecular Characterization Of Calpain/Calpastatin Genes From Rainbow Trout. A Potential Biogenetic Tool For Monitoring Muscle Growth And Texture Development., Mohamed Sewalim Salem

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study demonstrated that rainbow trout muscle contains at least two forms of the Ca2+-dependent neutral protease calpain along with their endogenous inhibitor calpastatin (CAST). These calpain-system components can be separated with one DEAE-anion exchange column. Rainbow trout muscle calpains are less sensitive to Ca2+ than their mammalian counterparts. We described cloning and sequencing of the rainbow trout calpain small (regulatory) subunit (cpns) cDNA. This represents the first fish and lower vertebrate full cDNA of cpns. The rainbow trout cpns cDNA was used to retrieve the zebra fish and Japanese flounder homologues. We presented evidence that fish cpns unlike the …

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Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Signaling Is Involved In Neurogenesis During Xenopus Embryonic Development, Ying Peng, Bing-Hua Jiang, Pai-Hao Yang, Zongxian Cao, Xianglin Shi, Marie C. M. Lin, Ming-Liang He, Hsiang-Fu Kung Jan 2004

Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Signaling Is Involved In Neurogenesis During Xenopus Embryonic Development, Ying Peng, Bing-Hua Jiang, Pai-Hao Yang, Zongxian Cao, Xianglin Shi, Marie C. M. Lin, Ming-Liang He, Hsiang-Fu Kung

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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Regulation Of Vertebrate Eye Development By Rx Genes, Travis J. Bailey, Heithem El-Hodiri, Li Zhang, Rina Shah, Peter H. Mathers, Milan Jamrich Jan 2004

Regulation Of Vertebrate Eye Development By Rx Genes, Travis J. Bailey, Heithem El-Hodiri, Li Zhang, Rina Shah, Peter H. Mathers, Milan Jamrich

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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Etoposide Differentially Affects Bone Marrow And Dermal Derived Endothelial Cells, S. W. Adams, Lin Wang, J. Fortney, Laura F. Gibson Jan 2004

Etoposide Differentially Affects Bone Marrow And Dermal Derived Endothelial Cells, S. W. Adams, Lin Wang, J. Fortney, Laura F. Gibson

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Chemotherapy alteration of the bone marrow microenvironment has the potential to influence hematopoietic recovery following transplantation. To discern the effect of specific drugs on components of the complex marrow microenvironment, in vitro models have significant utility. In the current study we sought to determine whether dermal (HMEC-1) and marrow derived endothelial cells (BMEC-1) respond differently to identical chemotherapy exposure. BMEC-1 cells were consistently more sensitive to etoposide exposure than HMEC-1 cells, measured as reduced viability. BMEC-1 also had reduced focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and VCAM-1 protein expression following chemotherapy, in contrast to dermal derived endothelial cells in which neither protein …

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Comment On Boettke And Prychitko, Roger A. Lohmann Jan 2004

Comment On Boettke And Prychitko, Roger A. Lohmann

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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Insertion Of Genes And Operons Into The Escherichia Coli Genome Through Targeted Recombination, Dennis Coss Jan 2004

Insertion Of Genes And Operons Into The Escherichia Coli Genome Through Targeted Recombination, Dennis Coss

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

A method whereby DNA sequences of varying size may be accurately inserted into pre-determined locations within the Escherichia coli genome was developed. Using a binary vector system that takes advantage of either the E. coli RecET enzyme tandem or bacteriophage lambda's Redalphabeta recombinatory proteins, this method has the benefits of being both inducible and self-degrading, thereby offering a level of control to the experimenter as well as alleviating any problems that may be associated with leaving residual DNA in the bacterium. To demonstrate the usability of this system, two antibiotic resistance genes, as well as the pyrroloquinoline quinone (pqq) and …

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The Land Systems Of Colonial America: European And Native American Land Tenure Issues In The Colonial Eras Of The Americas., Shane Freeman Jan 2004

The Land Systems Of Colonial America: European And Native American Land Tenure Issues In The Colonial Eras Of The Americas., Shane Freeman

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This thesis is a comparative analysis of the transference of land tenure and land claims in the colonial age of the Americas. The time frame for this work begins in 1521 with Cortes’ entrada in Mexico and ends with the formation of the United States Indian Policy concerning land. The critical analysis is concerned with the ability of Native Americans to maintain there sovereignty over land and the methods that Europeans used to effect colonization. As well as the legal and political rights that were given or retained by Native American societies. The history of the colonial Americas, here, includes …

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Spectral Analysis And Regularity Quantification Of Skeletal Muscle Signals As A Non-Invasive Assessment Of Muscle Activity., Israel Restus Hall Jan 2004

Spectral Analysis And Regularity Quantification Of Skeletal Muscle Signals As A Non-Invasive Assessment Of Muscle Activity., Israel Restus Hall

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The research presented here was carried out at the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), a division of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Morgantown, West Virginia. At NIOSH, there is a strong need for modes of analyzing a wealth of biomedical data. In this particular case, that data was comprised of numerous muscleinduced force-time series, derived from two groups of experimental subjects. One group was comprised of rats exposed to vibration similar to that experienced by human workers who work with certain hand-tools or equipment. The other group was a control group, not exposed …

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An Analysis Of Computer-Mediated Communication Technologies As Tools To Enhance Learning., Ana I. Casanova Jan 2004

An Analysis Of Computer-Mediated Communication Technologies As Tools To Enhance Learning., Ana I. Casanova

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The integration of computer-mediated communication (CMC) technologies into the higher educational settings have required faculty to change their roles from the direct instructional model to a model based on constructivists' ideas. CMC instructional tools (ITs) have provided a change by shifting a traditional teacher-centered setting into a teacher facilitator environment. Teacher's professional development has become an important task to effectively integrate technology into their courses. Questions concerning the implementation and value of CMC technologies and their impact in higher education are not yet clear. The purpose of this research study was to determine the extent to which CMC technologies promoted …

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Parallel Structures And Binary Oppositions In Andre Gide's "L'Immoraliste" And "La Porte Etroite"., Jennifer Lawrence Jan 2004

Parallel Structures And Binary Oppositions In Andre Gide's "L'Immoraliste" And "La Porte Etroite"., Jennifer Lawrence

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Two of André Gide’s books, L’Immoraliste and La Porte étroite, exemplify the ethical struggles that defined the author’s life through the codependence of their singular message. By submitting these two intrinsically similar works to a structuralist analysis of the binary oppositions that exist between them, the relationship between good and evil becomes solidified through the structures and semiotic codes of the novels, the opposition of the protagonists, and the motifs of geography, personal relationships, nature, and religion.

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The Effects Of Environmental Chemicals On Glioblastoma Cell Growth., Rebecca L. Merritt Jan 2004

The Effects Of Environmental Chemicals On Glioblastoma Cell Growth., Rebecca L. Merritt

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a malignancy known for its rapid progression. During tumor invasion, the breakdown of brain tissue releases lipid-associated foreign contaminants. This study assesses the growth response of two human glioblastoma cell lines, T98G and U138-MG, to environmental chemicals stored within the brain. Proliferative or cytotoxic responses to treatment were determined using an MTS [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5- (3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium] metabolic activity assay and morphological analysis. Although cytotoxic effects were seen in both T98G and U138-MG cells, proliferative responses occurred only in the T98G cell line. DDT, DDE, and PCB 153 were cytotoxic in both lines, while PCB 81 caused cell death …

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Water Quality Trends In The Blackwater River Watershed, Canaan Valley, West Virginia., Jessica M. Smith Jan 2004

Water Quality Trends In The Blackwater River Watershed, Canaan Valley, West Virginia., Jessica M. Smith

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The Blackwater River, historically an excellent brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) fishery, has been affected by logging, fires, coal mining, acid rain, and land development. Trends in water quality data from 12 sites in the Blackwater River watershed were examined for a 14-year period (1980–1993) using the information-theoretic method and the seasonal Kendall with correlation correction analysis. For most sites (except Beaver Creek), downward trends in acidity and upward trends in alkalinity, conductivity, and hardness were consistent with decreases in hydrogen ion concentration. Dissolved oxygen trended downward possibly due to natural conditions, but remained above biological thresholds. The seasonal Kendall trend …

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The Effects Of Personality Traits And Playing Video Games On Aggressive Thoughts And Behaviors., Vincent Cicchirillo Jan 2004

The Effects Of Personality Traits And Playing Video Games On Aggressive Thoughts And Behaviors., Vincent Cicchirillo

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study examined the effects of individuals’ trait hostility and affective orientation in conjunction with their playing a video game upon aggressive thoughts, negative evaluations, and hostile behaviors. College students’ trait hostility and affective orientation were measured along with their video game usage. Approximately two weeks later 64 of these students came into a laboratory and played one of two video games that differed in their violent content. Students were left alone for 10 minutes to play the video game after which they completed a word completion task, an interaction skills grading form, and evaluations of the researcher’s competence, courteousness, …

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A General Method For Genome Search And Discovery., Yue Jiang Jan 2004

A General Method For Genome Search And Discovery., Yue Jiang

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The increasing amount of easily available genomic data has heightened the importance of computational tools in the analysis genome databases, especially the human genome. In this study, we develop a new methodology based on the suffix tree data structure to identify unknown targets of gene families. We use the identification of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) as a model system. HIF-1 is important in human normal physiological functions and in many human diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular diseases. We selected 17 known HIF-1 target gene sequences as a training set. We use the suffix tree data structure to extract a …

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Saprophagous Caterpillars (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Herminiinae): Effect Of Bacillus Thuringiensis Var. Kurstaki Application In Forest And Laboratory Settings., Karen Jeanine Kish Jan 2004

Saprophagous Caterpillars (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Herminiinae): Effect Of Bacillus Thuringiensis Var. Kurstaki Application In Forest And Laboratory Settings., Karen Jeanine Kish

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The larvae of the Herminiinae are macrodecomposers of forest leaf litter. Eight species were studied to determine the effects of aerially applied Btk. Adults were collected weekly by light trap for 7 consecutive seasons. The first 2 years provided baseline information, followed by 2 years of Btk treatment and 3 post-treatment years. Idia aemula (Hübner)(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae were collected from control plots and treated with Btk in the laboratory to determine susceptibility. Untreated larvae were reared to adulthood and mated to obtain information on their biology. Differences in light trap counts between years were significant for all 8 species. Forest …

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Critical Thinking And Web-Based Education In Maryland Community Colleges: How The Medium Promotes Development., George E. Perry Jan 2004

Critical Thinking And Web-Based Education In Maryland Community Colleges: How The Medium Promotes Development., George E. Perry

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Surveys have found that employers want today's community college graduates to be able to work in teams, make decisions, and critically assess job situations. In short they want the students to think critically. Due to the changing demographics, web-based education has become a larger part of college curriculum in the past several years. This research project explored critical thinking in web-based courses offered at Maryland community colleges to determine what courses were being offered by the different academic disciplines, the methods used to promote critical thinking, and the types of critical thinking assessment used in these web-based courses. The content …

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A Symbolist Melodrama: The Confluence Of Poem And Music In Debussy's "La Flute De Pan"., Laurel Astrid Ewell Jan 2004

A Symbolist Melodrama: The Confluence Of Poem And Music In Debussy's "La Flute De Pan"., Laurel Astrid Ewell

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Composed by Debussy in 1913, as incidental music for Psyche , a dramatic poem by French symbolist poet and playwright Gabriel Mourey, the work for solo flute known today as Syrinx, has since become a standard of the solo flute repertoire. Anders Ljungar-Chapelon, editor of a new edition based on a recently recovered period manuscript, has challenged traditional conceptions of the work's compositional context. Debussy's original title for Syrinx was La Flute de Pan and appeared as a musical component of a melodrame within the play, just prior to the death of Pan. The recovery of a probable primary source …

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Heritage To Legacy: A Content Analysis Of The Coretta Scott King Award-Winning Picture Books From 1976-2004., Khafilah Abdel-Malik Jan 2004

Heritage To Legacy: A Content Analysis Of The Coretta Scott King Award-Winning Picture Books From 1976-2004., Khafilah Abdel-Malik

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study examined the text and images in the Coretta Scott King illustrated award winning picture books published from 1974-2004 in order (1) to discover the themes and messages conveyed in text and illustrations, (2) to analyze the illustrations and text messages of the CSK illustrated award winning picture books for representations of holistic portrayals of African Americans, and (3) to determine cultural perspectives about African Americans. Data were categorized using matrices, cultural and holistic portrayals were addressed using Sims-Bishop's criteria, and a descriptive summary was presented in narrative form using Eisner's (1981) artistic approach.

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Kinship Migration To Northwestern Virginia, 1785-1815: The Myth Of The Southern Frontiersman, Philip W. Sturm Jan 2004

Kinship Migration To Northwestern Virginia, 1785-1815: The Myth Of The Southern Frontiersman, Philip W. Sturm

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

For nearly 100 years American historians, with few exceptions, have maintained that migration of colonists to the trans-Appalachian frontier was a communal experience for those from New England and Northern regions but that the Southern frontiersman represented a non-communal, individualistic spirit of colonization. This dissertation traces the migration and settlement patterns of the earliest colonists along the northwestern Virginia frontier, the area organized as Wood County in 1799, from three Eastern regions, New England, the Middle Atlantic, and the Northern Neck of Virginia. It determines that emigrants from all regions migrated cohesively and sequentially in large kinship/neighbor groups and that …

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Estimating The Economic Value Of Canaan Valley National Wildlife Refuge: A Contingent Valuation Approach., Christopher A. Klocek Jan 2004

Estimating The Economic Value Of Canaan Valley National Wildlife Refuge: A Contingent Valuation Approach., Christopher A. Klocek

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Canaan Valley National Wildlife Refuge protects a unique ecosystem in the Mid-Atlantic region. Because public goods such as ecosystem preservation are not sold in markets the value of this type of good is not always obvious. Policy makers need guidance on how society should allocate resources to preserve wildlife habitat and wilderness recreation opportunities. The goals of this study were to measure the economic benefits associated with providing a wildlife refuge in Tucker County, West Virginia; determine how value for the refuge is affected by distance of the respondents from the refuge; and determine the types of activities and amenities …

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The Role Of Mitochondria In Mediating Silica-Induced Apoptosis And Inflammatory Cytokine Production Of Alveolar Macrophages., Shuiying Hu Jan 2004

The Role Of Mitochondria In Mediating Silica-Induced Apoptosis And Inflammatory Cytokine Production Of Alveolar Macrophages., Shuiying Hu

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Exposure to silica dust induces lung inflammation and a progressive development of pulmonary fibrosis. The objective of the current study is to provide in vitro and in vivo correlations of a mechanism through which silica induces apoptosis in Alveolar Macrophage (AM), and to examine the potential relationship between silica-induced apoptosis and cellular production of proinflammatory cytokines. For in vivo studies, AM from male Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to saline or 20 mg/rat silica by intratracheal instillation were isolated and characterized for cytokine production and apoptosis. For in vitro studies, AM from normal rats were isolated and characterized for cytokine production and …

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