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Interaction Between Rax And Pkr Modulates The Effect Of Ethanol On Protein Synthesis And Survival Of Neurons, Gang Chen, Cuiling Ma, Kimberly A. Bower, Zunji Ke, Jia Luo Jan 2006

Interaction Between Rax And Pkr Modulates The Effect Of Ethanol On Protein Synthesis And Survival Of Neurons, Gang Chen, Cuiling Ma, Kimberly A. Bower, Zunji Ke, Jia Luo

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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Shape Based Automated Mapping Of Histological Mouse Brain Sections, Manasa Danda Jan 2006

Shape Based Automated Mapping Of Histological Mouse Brain Sections, Manasa Danda

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In the development of an automatic image mapping system for mouse brain images, we focus on obtaining the best match in the two dimensional atlas images for the query image of a mouse brain section. The matching issue has to deal with the tissue distortions and tears, which are routinely encountered and possible scale, rotation and shear changes. With the goal to achieve high performance for image matching, a dual-stage approach is proposed which is based on radial distributions and region-based template matching.;Our main challenge is identifying shape features and corresponding distance metrics that produce effective characterization of 2D sections …

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Signaling Pathways Involved In Regulation Of Glucose -6 -Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6pd) By Arachidonic Acid, Indrani Talukdar Jan 2006

Signaling Pathways Involved In Regulation Of Glucose -6 -Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6pd) By Arachidonic Acid, Indrani Talukdar

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is the rate-limiting enzyme of pentose phosphate pathway and provides NADPH for de novo fatty acid biosynthesis. For the later reason, G6PD is known as a lipogenic enzyme. Insulin induces expression of G6PD mRNA via activating the PI3 kinase pathway in primary rat hepatocytes. Addition of arachidonic acid, a polyunsaturated fatty acid, in the medium interferes with the PI3 kinase pathway, and thus inhibits the insulin-mediated induction of G6PD. Arachidonic acid in the presence of insulin induces p38 MAP kinase pathway over insulin treatment alone. Activation of p38 MAP kinase by arachidonic acid interferes with the insulin …

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An Exonic Splicing Silencer Is Involved In The Regulated Splicing Of Glucose 6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Mrna, Wioletta Szeszel-Fedorowicz, Indrani Talukdar, Brian N. Griffith, Callee M. Walsh, Lisa M. Salati Jan 2006

An Exonic Splicing Silencer Is Involved In The Regulated Splicing Of Glucose 6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Mrna, Wioletta Szeszel-Fedorowicz, Indrani Talukdar, Brian N. Griffith, Callee M. Walsh, Lisa M. Salati

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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Cyanidin-3-Glucoside, A Natural Product Derived From Blackberry, Exhibits Chemopreventive And Chemotherapeutic Activity, Min Ding, Rentian Feng, Shiow Y. Wang, Linda Bowman, Yongju Lu, Yong Qian, Vincent Castranova, Bing-Hua Jiang, Xianglin Shi Jan 2006

Cyanidin-3-Glucoside, A Natural Product Derived From Blackberry, Exhibits Chemopreventive And Chemotherapeutic Activity, Min Ding, Rentian Feng, Shiow Y. Wang, Linda Bowman, Yongju Lu, Yong Qian, Vincent Castranova, Bing-Hua Jiang, Xianglin Shi

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Epidemiological data suggest that consumption of fruits and vegetables has been associated with a lower incidence of cancer. Cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G), a compound found in blackberry and other food products, was shown to possess chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic activity in the present study. In cultured JB6 cells, C3G was able to scavenge ultraviolet B-induced *OH and O2-* radicals. In vivo studies indicated that C3G treatment decreased the number of non-malignant and malignant skin tumors per mouse induced by 12-O-tetradecanolyphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-initiated mouse skin. Pretreatment of JB6 cells with C3G inhibited UVB- and TPA-induced transactivation of NF-kappaB and AP-1 and expression of …

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Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt Signaling Pathway And Angiogenesis, Zongxian Cao Jan 2006

Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt Signaling Pathway And Angiogenesis, Zongxian Cao

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from preexisting ones, is tightly controlled under physiological conditions, and deregulated angiogenesis contributes to many pathological situations. This study investigates the role of PI3K/Akt pathway in both physiological and pathological angiogenesis. Angiopoietin-1 (Ang1) is an endothelial specific growth factor that plays a critical role in vessel maturation and stabilization during angiogenesis. We found that Ang1 potently induced p70S6K1 activation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). p70S6K1 is a downstream target of PI3K, but its role in angiogenesis has not be defined. In the work shown in Chapter 2, p70S6K1 activity in HUVECs …

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Investigation Of Techniques And Effects Of Diesel Particulate Filter Cleaning, Nathaniel Moles Jan 2006

Investigation Of Techniques And Effects Of Diesel Particulate Filter Cleaning, Nathaniel Moles

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

As the emissions standards placed on diesel engine exhaust become more stringent, the use of exhaust aftertreatment devices such as diesel particulate filters has become a more attractive means to meet those standards. During the use of these filters some of the particulate captured, usually ash, begins to restrict the flow through the filter. This increases the backpressure in the exhaust system and requires routine cleaning maintenance. This study reviewed engine technology used to reduce particulate emissions and investigated the effects of off-line cleaning of diesel particulate filters using compressed air and water flowing in the reverse direction of the …

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Cytosolic Phospholipases A2 (Cpla2: Izoenzyme Expression And Regulation In A Human Breast Cancer Cell Model., Maricica Pacurari Jan 2006

Cytosolic Phospholipases A2 (Cpla2: Izoenzyme Expression And Regulation In A Human Breast Cancer Cell Model., Maricica Pacurari

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Breast cancer remains one of the most widespread cancers among women worldwide. Despite the existing evidence that implicates arachidonic acid (AA) metabolites, collectively called eicosanoids, in cancer onset and progression, little attention has been given to the enzymes, the cytosolic PLA2 (cPLA2), that usually provide free AA for eicosanoid biosynthesis. The present studies were undertaken to study the expression and regulation of the cPLA2-α, -β, -γ isoenzymes at the mRNA and protein levels, and of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and platelet 12-Lipoxygenase (12-LO) at mRNA level, the AA utilizing enzymes in MCF-7 cells. The present study shows that in MCF-7 cells the …

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Identifying Spatial Clusters Within United States Organic Agriculture., Daniel C. Eades Jan 2006

Identifying Spatial Clusters Within United States Organic Agriculture., Daniel C. Eades

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Although the organic market has experienced rapid growth in recent decades, growth in production has not been distributed evenly across the country, instead concentrating in certain regions. Employing measures of spatial concentration and association, we identify those counties in which organic production is clustered or represents a proportion of the agricultural economy greater than would be expected by national trends. Results show that spatial clustering of organic agriculture does exist. Large location quotients for organic production were most often found for the western U.S., the Great Plains states, and New England. Clusters measured by the local Moran’s I statistic followed …

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The Mechanism Mediating The Activation Of Acetyl-Coenzyme A Carboxylase-Α Gene Transcription By The Liver X Receptor Agonist T0-901317, Saswata Talukdar, F. Bradley Hillgartner Jan 2006

The Mechanism Mediating The Activation Of Acetyl-Coenzyme A Carboxylase-Α Gene Transcription By The Liver X Receptor Agonist T0-901317, Saswata Talukdar, F. Bradley Hillgartner

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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Nraes-172 Forage Production For Pasture-Based Livestock Production.Pdf, Edward Barrow Rayburn Jan 2006

Nraes-172 Forage Production For Pasture-Based Livestock Production.Pdf, Edward Barrow Rayburn

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Dr. Edward B. Rayburn was the originator of this book series at the request of the director of NRAES. As a collaborator in the Northeast Pasture Consortium he recruited authors for the chapters in the books and served as the technical editor of the books.

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Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Production Induced By Peptidoglycan-Polysaccharide In Early Pregnant Ewes, Gabrielle Marie Rogers Jan 2006

Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Production Induced By Peptidoglycan-Polysaccharide In Early Pregnant Ewes, Gabrielle Marie Rogers

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Peptidoglycan-polysaccharide (PG-PS), cell wall component of gram-positive bacteria, was used to intoxicate sheep to study mastitis-related reproductive failure, mediated by TNF-alpha. Estrus was synchronized in ten adult Suffolk ewes. Four days after mating (Day 0) the jugular and posterior vena cava (saphenous vein) were catheterized. On Day 5, ewes were assigned randomly to either: control group (n = 4, 0.9% NaCl), or PG-PS group (n = 6, 30 mug/kg BW, i.v.). Plasma samples were collected from both jugular and saphenous vein catheters every 15 minutes for 6 hours. Radioimmunoassay quantified concentrations of TNF-alpha. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of …

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Genetic Analysis Of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss): Strain Identification Via Microsatellites And Analysis Of Expressed Sequence Tags In Intestine, Liver, Kidney, And Ovary, Amanda B. Stewart Jan 2006

Genetic Analysis Of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss): Strain Identification Via Microsatellites And Analysis Of Expressed Sequence Tags In Intestine, Liver, Kidney, And Ovary, Amanda B. Stewart

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Implementation of modern fishing techniques and hatchery technologies necessitates use of genetics in management of fishery stocks. Genetic analysis of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, will assist development of superior strains of a valuable aquacultured species. This study was to (1) develop polymorphic microsatellite markers to examine for variation among rainbow trout strains and develop an identification panel of microsatellites to distinguish individual strains, and (2) to identify novel genes and estimate relative gene expression profiles (expressed sequence tags from rainbow trout liver, intestine, kidney, and ovary non-normalized libraries). Thirty-seven microsatellites were identified by screening 576 clones from TAGA and ATG-repeat …

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Antisperm Immunity For Contraception, R. K. Naz Jan 2006

Antisperm Immunity For Contraception, R. K. Naz

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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Differential Parental Nutrient Allocation In Two Congeneric Pipefish Species (Syngnathidae: Syngnathus Spp.), J. L. Ripley Jan 2006

Differential Parental Nutrient Allocation In Two Congeneric Pipefish Species (Syngnathidae: Syngnathus Spp.), J. L. Ripley

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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Spatiotemporal Dynamics Of Networks Of Excitable Nodes, Aaron J. Steele, Mark Tinsley, Kenneth Showalter Jan 2006

Spatiotemporal Dynamics Of Networks Of Excitable Nodes, Aaron J. Steele, Mark Tinsley, Kenneth Showalter

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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Nraes-174 Managing And Marketing For Pasture-Based Livestock Production.Pdf, Edward Barrow Rayburn Jan 2006

Nraes-174 Managing And Marketing For Pasture-Based Livestock Production.Pdf, Edward Barrow Rayburn

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Dr. Edward B. Rayburn was the originator of this book series at the request of the director of NRAES. As a collaborator in the Northeast Pasture Consortium he recruited authors for the chapters in the books and served as the technical editor of the books.

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Calves Weaned And Backgrounded On Pasture Respond To Pasture Nutritive Value And Supplements, Edward Barrow Rayburn, Marcella S. Whetsell, Phil I. Osborne Jan 2006

Calves Weaned And Backgrounded On Pasture Respond To Pasture Nutritive Value And Supplements, Edward Barrow Rayburn, Marcella S. Whetsell, Phil I. Osborne

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

How forage quality and feed supplementation effect average daily gain of calves backgrounded on pasture

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Evaluation In Appalachian Pasture Systems 1996 Nrc Model For Weaning Cattle, Marcella S. Whetsell, Edward Barrow Rayburn, Phil I. Osborne Jan 2006

Evaluation In Appalachian Pasture Systems 1996 Nrc Model For Weaning Cattle, Marcella S. Whetsell, Edward Barrow Rayburn, Phil I. Osborne

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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The Decision To Finish Cattle On Pasture - An Ethnographic Approach, J D. Lozier, E B. Rayburn, J Shaw Jan 2006

The Decision To Finish Cattle On Pasture - An Ethnographic Approach, J D. Lozier, E B. Rayburn, J Shaw

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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Adolescent Religiosity And Conformity To Parents: Is Sex A Moderator?, Rebecca Kim Summers Jan 2006

Adolescent Religiosity And Conformity To Parents: Is Sex A Moderator?, Rebecca Kim Summers

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study examines relations between adolescent reports of conformity to their parents and religiosity and if these are moderated by the sex of the adolescent and parent. Self-report data was collected from 121 ninth and tenth graders enrolled in three non-metropolitan high schools. Religiosity was measured by Schumm et al.'s (1991) modified version of Gorsuch and Venable's (1983) scales. Conformity to Parents was assessed using Peterson's (Peterson, Rollins, & Thomas, 1985) Conformity to Parents scales. Four regressions were used. Results indicate that females: (a) report higher levels of conformity to parents and religiosity than males and (b) that when adolescent …

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Iqgap1 Knockdown Enhances The Endothelial Barrier In Vitro, Wentao Zhang Jan 2006

Iqgap1 Knockdown Enhances The Endothelial Barrier In Vitro, Wentao Zhang

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

IQGAP1 overexpression inhibits E-cadherin-mediated epithelial cell-cell adhesion by distabilizing the adherens junctions, and activated Rac1 and Cdc42 may prevent these effects by removing IQGAP1 from the adherens junction complex. In the present study, we determined if IQGAP1 associates with the adherens junction of endothelial cells and affects endothelial barrier function. In human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), IQGAP1 associated with VE-cadherin, the catenins, beta, gamma, alpha, and p120, but not with N-cadherin or the tight junction proteins, occludin, claudin-5, and ZO-1. Detergent extracted most of the IQGAP1 associated with VE-cadherin. Treatment of endothelial cells with sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), which increases the …

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The Effects Of A Specifically Designed Pre-School Inclusion Course On The Attitudes Of Early Childhood Personnel, Kellie J. Morgan Jan 2006

The Effects Of A Specifically Designed Pre-School Inclusion Course On The Attitudes Of Early Childhood Personnel, Kellie J. Morgan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The intent of this study was to examine the attitudes of early childhood personnel on preschool inclusion before and after participating in a preschool inclusion class that was specifically designed for preschool teachers. The attitudes of teachers were measured using a 7 point Likert type pre and post-assessment scale. The items on the scale dealt with the inclusion of children with disabilities in a typically developing classroom. The participants in the study included 96 early childhood personnel working in West Virginia. In this pre-experimental design, the total scores of each item for the pre-test were compared to total scores on …

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Effect Of High Salt Intake On Arteriolar Responses To Metabolic Stimuli, Paul J. Marvar Jan 2006

Effect Of High Salt Intake On Arteriolar Responses To Metabolic Stimuli, Paul J. Marvar

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Study I evaluated the possibility that a HS diet can reduce the arteriolar response to muscle contraction through reduced nitric oxide (NO) availability and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity. Spinotrapezius muscle arterioles were examined in rats fed a normal salt (NS; 0.45%) or high salt (HS; 4%) diets. Arteriolar diameter responses to an increase in metabolic demand were significantly less in HS rats and these HS rats exhibited increased presence of arteriolar ROS. The attenuated responses to muscle contraction in HS rats were not restored in the presence of ROS scavengers, and inhibition of NO synthesis had no effect …

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Field Perceptions Of The Vision Initiative For Children's Preschool Vision Screening Training Model, P. Kay Nottingham Chaplin Jan 2006

Field Perceptions Of The Vision Initiative For Children's Preschool Vision Screening Training Model, P. Kay Nottingham Chaplin

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Because lay vision screeners rarely receive formal training in how to screen vision and because older children were seen in clinic with vision disorders that should have been detected earlier through vision screening, a pediatric ophthalmologist and the researcher created the Vision Initiative for Children (VIC) in 2001 as a statewide program of the West Virginia University Eye Institute. VIC has trained, equipped, and provided ongoing support to lay individuals who are mandated or want to screen preschoolers' vision. This program evaluation study explored, from the perspective of Head Start personnel, whether VIC prepares Head Start personnel to screen preschoolers' …

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Distributional Ecology Of Fish In The Kanawha River, West Virginia., Kimberly Ann Bjorgo Jan 2006

Distributional Ecology Of Fish In The Kanawha River, West Virginia., Kimberly Ann Bjorgo

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Large rivers are multidimensional systems where ecological processes occur at a variety of spatial and temporal scales. This investigation addresses the relationship between fish distribution and habitat use within the Marmet Pool of the Kanawha River, West Virginia. Fish habitat use, movement patterns, distribution, and density data were obtained concurrently with abiotic data such as river discharge, temperature, depth, and sediment composition to provide essential dimensions to the assumption that habitat dictates location of organisms. Radio telemetry was used to examine movement, habitat use, and associations between large river fish species. These data were also used to make inferences about …

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Integration Of Statistical And Neural Network Method For Data Analysis, Krishna Kumar Chavali Jan 2006

Integration Of Statistical And Neural Network Method For Data Analysis, Krishna Kumar Chavali

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The issues that are to be considered while selecting data analysis methods are data type and expected solution type. Incorrect selection of either can lead to incomplete solution leading user taking an uninformed decision. The software developed for this thesis (SANE - Statistical And NEural network data analysis) is aimed at enabling a user to use advanced data analysis techniques to handle a given research issue. An effective navigation system is designed for user to select the analysis method by responding to a set of questions. SANE provides web based data analysis using statistical and neural networks methods. The statistical …

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Design And Simulation Of Advanced Fault Tolerant Flight Control Schemes, Srikanth Gururajan Jan 2006

Design And Simulation Of Advanced Fault Tolerant Flight Control Schemes, Srikanth Gururajan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This research effort describes the design and simulation of a distributed Neural Network (NN) based fault tolerant flight control scheme and the interface of the scheme within a simulation/visualization environment. The goal of the fault tolerant flight control scheme is to recover an aircraft from failures to its sensors or actuators. A commercially available simulation package, Aviator Visual Design Simulator (AVDS), was used for the purpose of simulation and visualization of the aircraft dynamics and the performance of the control schemes.;For the purpose of the sensor failure detection, identification and accommodation (SFDIA) task, it is assumed that the pitch, roll …

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Mass Spectrometric Investigation Of Metallothionein And Ionic Liquids Using Electrospray Ion Source Coupled With Quadrupole Ion Trap Mass Analyzer, Yuchen Lu Jan 2006

Mass Spectrometric Investigation Of Metallothionein And Ionic Liquids Using Electrospray Ion Source Coupled With Quadrupole Ion Trap Mass Analyzer, Yuchen Lu

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Electrospray is a well-developed ionization technique for transferring intact dissolved molecules from liquid into the gas-phase through a capillary emitter. As a 'soft' ionization method, intact molecules are transformed and are ready for mass identification and structure characterization. Quadrupole ion traps are versatile mass analyzers and are well-known for the capability to perform tandem mass scans by which the structural information can be obtained.;Collision-induced dissociation (CID) is applicable used in quadrupole ion trap to produce fragment ions. Metal-protein bond dissociation properties were studied by the tandem mass spectrometry. Binding properties of metal ions and ligand groups on peptide chains were …

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Fmri Studies Of Binocular Suppression In Human Amblyopic Subjects, Yuenan Sun Pitrolo Jan 2006

Fmri Studies Of Binocular Suppression In Human Amblyopic Subjects, Yuenan Sun Pitrolo

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Binocular suppression has been previously studied psychophysically and with VEPs. Here we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to image activity in visual cortex while human subjects with normal vision or amblyopia experienced binocular integration. One eye viewed a dynamic grating pattern. The other eye viewed one of four stimuli, i.e., black mask, gray mask, or two grating masks that varied in contrast. We observed a luminance masking effect, that is, when the gray mask is compared to the black mask, there was less activation in many retinotopic areas (consistent with previous VEP studies). The result was observed in all …

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