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History And Development Of Federal Animal Welfare Regulations, Pierre A. Chaloux, Max B. Heppner

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

In recent years, Congress has passed a number of laws that direct various government agencies to safeguard animal welfare. Our own agency has been involved principally in enforcing the Animal Welfare Act and the Horse Protection Act, and therefore we will limit this discussion to these two laws.

The Animal Welfare Act was passed in 1966 and amended in 1970 and 1976. The Act uses a system of licensing and registration to regulate a number of non-farm businesses and organizations. These groups are required to provide humane care and treatment to regulated animals, which include hamsters, guinea pigs, rabbits, dogs, …

News And Review

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

1. Alleviating Surface Transit Stress on Horses-Thesis Abstract

2. Fad dogs

3. More light on animal care

4. CSPCA Toxicology Panel report

5. Experimenting on endangered species--a legal challenge

6. Great Britain bans removal of antlers in velvet from live deer

7. Effects of housing systems on growing-finishing swine

8. British company abandons crate rearing of veal calves

9. A new image for wildlife management

10. Lamb mortality--predation or scavenging?

11. Pasteur and Vivisection

Attitudes Of Secondary School Students In Israel Toward The Use Of Living Organisms In The Study Of Biology, Pinchas Tamir, Aliza Hamo

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

The study deals with attitudes and views of 456 Israeli students in grades 7, 9, and 11 regarding the use of living animals in research and biology instruction. It was found that most students are interested in studying live animals through direct observation and experiment and feel that this kind of learning is superior to learning from secondary sources. At the same time, however, most students exhibit concern for and affection toward living organisms in general and higher animals, especially pets and "beneficial" animals, in particular. The need to consider both sides of the issue is highlighted, and practical implications …

The Psychological Relations Hip Between Dairy Cows And Dairy Cowmen And Its Implications For Animal Welfare, Martin F. Seabrook

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

No abstract provided.

Legislation And Regulation

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

1. USDA raises ventilation requirements
2. Correction

The Effect Of Stress On Livestock And Meat Quality Prior To And During Slaughter, Temple Grandin

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

The effects of stress on cattle, pigs and sheep prior to slaughter are reviewed. Long-term preslaughter stress, such as fighting, cold weather, fasting and transit, which occurs 12 to 48 hours prior to slaughter depletes muscle glycogen, resulting in meat which has a higher pH, darker color, and is drier. Short-term acute stress, such as excitement or fighting immediately prior to slaughter, produced lactic acid from the breakdown of glycogen. This results in meat which has a lower pH, lighter color, reduced water binding capacity, and is possibly tougher. Psychological stressors, such as excitement and fighting, will often have a …

Meetings And Announcements

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

1. Meeting Report: Association for the Study of Animal Behavior
2. Announcements: Essay competition for US veterinary students
3. Animal Rights Law Reporter
4. Italy offers prize for researcher in alternatives

Roadside Zoos Are Not Zoos

Close Up Reports

The HSUS was one of the first national animal welfare organizations to take a long, hard look at all zoos, including roadside menageries. During the last nine years, we have worked intensively, conducting zoo inspections, public education and awareness programs, and developing a working relationship with the professional zoological community as well as U.S. Government agencies charged with the welfare of animals.

Shelter Sense Volume 03, Number 04

ShelterSense 1978-92

• Beware of dogs that bite!
• A success story (Rick Collard)
• Two money makers
• Photo contest!
• Dog adopter convicted for resale
• HSUS seeks data on pigeon repellent
• Stress and stickness
• Vote "YES" for the Dog Pound
• Shelter Sense reproducible -- Why dogs bite ... and what to do about it!
• Just Wright: We need a good law (Phyllis Wright)

Roadside Zoos Are Not Zoos

Close Up Reports

HSUS launches campaign against more than 1,000 menageries of misery

Gsro Summer 1980

Gulf States Regional Office

• HSUS exposes cruel dogfighting
• Training available
• Around the Region
• Director's Comment (Bill Meade)
• Should shelters use tranquilizer guns?
• New shelter plans available
• Starting a spay/neuter program

Wcro Summer / Fall 1980

West Coast Regional Office

• HSUS seeks to end rabbit blinding tests
• Oregon citizens can outlaw steel traps ...
• Animal Shelters in the News
• HSUS testifies before CHRB
• Your help makes it happen (Char Drennon)
• Mt. St. Helens toll on wildlife is staggering
• Mourning doves ... song bird or game bird

Humane Education Happenings Summer 1980

Humane Happenings 1975-81

No abstract provided.

A Review Of The Behavioural Mechanism Of Milk Ejection Of The Domestic Pig, David Fraser

Feeding Behavior Collection

The domestic pig has complex nursing and suckling behaviour, consisting of several distinct phases of suckling by the piglets and a characteristic pattern of grunting by the sow. A review of observations and experimental findings suggests cause-and-effect relationships between the different elements of sow and piglet behaviour, and the relationship of the behaviour to milk ejection. Characteristic features of pig nursing and suckling behaviour are interpreted as an adaptation promoting even distribution of milk among a number of precocious litter-mates.

Sampling Problems And Interpretation Of Chemical Analysis Of Mineral Springs Used By Wildlife, D. Fraser, E. Reardon, F. Dieken, B. Loescher

Habitat Assessment and Management Collection

Mineral-rich springs used by wildlife were studied in order to develop an appropriate sampling technique. The mineral content of the water varied spatially within a lick, apparently because of contamination by nonlick water and animal urine. The spring source usually could be located with a conductivity meter. Samples contaminated by animal urine could be recognized by their high N content and usually by their color. The distinctive chemical composition of licks is best appreciated by comparing filtered samples of lick water with nonlick water collected nearby. Field filtration was necessary when samples were preserved with acid for trace-metal analysis. Soil …

Hs News Volume 25, Number 03

HSUS News 1979-88

PRESIDENT'S PERSPECTIVE

• HSUS on the move (John A. Hoyt)

• Three saved from oil spill
• Merging the paths
• Yellow jackets on the march

Solving animal problems in your community

Especially for educators: NAAHE has workshops, too, and other training programs for teachers and humane educators

1980 Annual Conference of the Humane Society of the United States: Animals...It's Their World Too!

Laboratory bear rescued

Laboratory animals (Representative Pat Schroeder)

The other side of trapping: domestic pets are also victimized by the cruel steel jaw trap (Susan Bury Stauffer)

The Humane Society of the United States 1979 Annual Report

New danger for …

Live Animals In Car Crash Studies, Nancy Heneson

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

No abstract provided.

Advocacy, Objectivity And The Draize Test, Peter Singer

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

No abstract provided.

News And Review

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

1. Abstract: Legal rights of animals in the USA
2. Pharmacology of Succinylcholine
3. USDA licenses vaccine for Canine Parvovirus
4. Exercise cage for rhesis monkeys
5. CKC moves to ban laboratory breeders
6. Battery hen welfare
7. Intensive livestock production: "Costs exceed benefits"
8. Abstract: Jewish attitude toward slaughter
9. Abstract: Influence of Kosher slaughter on blood supply and nervous system
10. Abstract: International ivory trade
11. Environmental hazards posed by exotic fish

Sheep Mulesing And Animal Lib, Nancy Heneson

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

The practice of mulesing sheep to prevent blowfly strike has recently come under fire from the Animal Liberation movement in Australia. Although it is only one of the many issues which Animal Lib has raised in its campaign to reform various sectors of the livestock industry, it is particularly illustrative of the kinds of conflicts in world view which arise when animal rights activists turn the spotlight on the farming establishment. Spokesmen for the livestock industries are quick to stress the emotional and sometimes sensational portrayal by Animal Libbers of time-honored animal management practices, as well as the sinister role …

The Ministry Of Agriculture 'S Involvement With Animal Welfare, Roy Moss

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

The following is excerpted from a paper presented by Mr. Moss, Regional Veterinary Officer in the British Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, at the British Veterinary Association Annual Congress, September 9-14, 1979, Aberdeen, Scotland.

Meetings And Announcements

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

1. Meeting Report - Animals in Research
2. Announcement - Abstract exchange
3. New APHIS administrator
4. Newsletter on the Human-Companion Animal Bond
5. Veterinarians for Animal Protection
6. New editor for Equine Study Group
7. Bibliography of Animal Ethology

Definition Of The Concept Of ''Humane Treatment" In Relation To Food And Laboratory Animals, Bernard E. Rollin

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

The very title of this talk makes a suggestion which must be forestalled, namely the idea that laboratory and food animals enjoy some exceptional moral status by virtue of the fact that we use them. In fact, it is extremely difficult to find any morally relevant grounds for distinguishing between food and laboratory animals and other animals and, far more dramatically, between animals and humans. The same conditions which require that we apply moral categories to humans rationally require that we apply them to animals as well. While it is obviously pragmatically impossible in our current sociocultural setting to expect …

Nsmr: Its Image, Direction And Future, J. Russell Lindsey

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

The following speech was presented by Dr. Lindsey, Chairman of the University of Alabama Department of Comparative Medicine, at the Annual Board Meeting of the National Society for Medical Research (NSMR), Chicago, Illinois, November 10, 1979.

Legislation And Regulation

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

1. Amendment to the US Animal Welfare Act

Mechanical, Electrical And Anesthetic Stunning Methods For Livestock, Temple Grandin

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

A good stunning method must render an animal unable to experience pain and sensation prior to hoisting and slaughter. The three basic types of stunning methods which are classified as being humane (i.e., pain less) in the United States, Europe and other foreign countries are captive bolt (penetrating and nonpenetrating), electrical, and CO₂ (carbon dioxide) gas anesthesia.

The physiological mechanisms of stress are the same before and after the onset of unconsciousness. The release of epinephrine as a result of stress inducers has an effect on the quality of the meat and it is therefore desirable to use a …

Alternatives And Animal Rights: A Reply To Maurice Visscher, Andrew N. Rowan

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

No abstract provided.

Shelter Sense Volume 03, Number 03

ShelterSense 1978-92

• Shelter workers talk about euthanasia (Bill Smith)
• Obtaining sodium pentobarbital (Margaret Morrison)
• Good results from change
• Feeding tips
• Help for pet owners
• Emergency!
• Back to school
• Never too small!
• Local governments accept contributions
• Flea trivia
• Fire!
• Response requested
• Neutering incentive program
• On display
• RPO for the Day
• More tickets, fewer dogs
• Cruelty conviction
• A trip to the country
• Officer sent to Academy
• Pet owner responsible for repair
• Help for prisoners
• Shelter Sense reproducible -- "Why Can't You Keep Them Forever?"
• Just Wright: The quality of death (Phyllis Wright)

Drugs & Horse Racing

Close Up Reports

CONTENTS

• HSUS Working to End Use of Drugs at Tracks--New Bill Introduced in House & Senate
• Why Do We Need Federal Regulation?
• Some Common Track Drugs: How They Affect Horses
• Federal Bill Introduced
• The Vicious Cycle: Economics, Longer Seasons, and Drugs
• Drugs are Destroying Horse Racing!
• What You Can Do to Stop the Drugging Now!
• Support HSUS Efforts to Clean Up Horse Racing!

Designs And Specifications For Livestock Handling Equipment In Slaughter Plants, Temple Grandin

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

Properly designed, maintained and operated livestock handling facilities are more humane and more efficient in ensuring a steady uninterrupted flow of livestock to the slaughter line, and will usually pay for themselves by reducing bruises, injuries and lost work time. Down time or lost work time in a large slaughter plant is expensive since a five minute delay can cost over $500 in lost meat production. Another benefit of good systems is increased safety for the employees; many serious accidents have occurred when agitated cattle turn and trample a handler.

Although specific recommendations vary for different species, certain general principles …