Digital Commons Network^™

The Judeo-Christian Tradition And The Human/Animal Bond, James A. Rimbach

Human and Animal Bonding Collection

This paper surveys the role of animal imagery in the literature of the Old Testament and in post-biblical Jewish literature, discusses biblical materials that speak to the relation of humankind to animals, and assesses the subsequent use of these traditions to support or negate specific attitudes toward the natural environment.

Reporting Requirements Under The Animal Welfare Act: Their Inadequacies And The Public's Right To Know, Mark Solomon, Peter C. Lovenheim

Laws and Legislation Collection

We conclude from the analysis that the Reporting System, as presently administered, fails to achieve its primary statutory objective: it does not provide APHIS with information sufficient to demonstrate that researchers have used pain-relieving drugs "appropriately" and in accordance with "professionally acceptable standards." The chief reasons for this failing are (1) regulations and guidelines do not define "pain" or "distress," (2) regulations and guidelines do not adequately define "routine procedures," and (3) regulations and guidelines do not require meaningful explanations for the withholding of pain-relieving drugs in procedures acknowledged to cause pain.

Urban Wildlife Habitat -- Present And Future, David Tylka

Ecology Collection

Many kinds of wild animals can become adapted to living in cities, provided that the right kinds of habitats are available and that their presence is accepted by city-dwellers. Suitable habitats can be furnished by traditional parks, tracts of "wild acres" set aside by cities, linear parks, cemeteries and golf courses, and transportation corridors. Buildings, rooftops, and institutional grounds can also provide habitat for animals like birds and butterfiles. Suburban areas can encourage the growth of local wildlife by neglecting to mow common grounds, or allowing sections of individual lawns to grow up with wild vegetation.

Some Thoughts On The Laboratory Cage Design Process, Margaret E. Wallace

Laboratory Experiments Collection

A block to progress in the design of cages and other restricted environments for animals has been the notion that animal and human needs are necessarily in conflict. The process of design should list the established and suspected animal needs separately from a list of human needs- husbandry and experimental. Comparison of the two lists will often show up more compatible needs than expected, and design features can be worked out to fulfill them. Adjustments may then be made where needs are less compatible until "sufficient" compatibility is achieved. An innovative design for a mouse cage is described, to show …

The Silver Spring 17, Andrew N. Rowan

Laboratory Experiments Collection

On November 23, 1981, in a Maryland District Court, Dr. Edward Taub was found guilty under a Maryland state anti-cruelty statute of not providing adequate veterinary care for 6 of the 17 monkeys confiscated from his laboratory 2 months earlier. The case has received extensive press coverage and has also caused widespread alarm in the scientific community. According to Science (274:121, 1981 ), "scientists throughout the country have been shocked by the Taub case, initially perceiving it as a bid by antivivisectionists to procure a court ruling against animal experimentation." Taub himself has fostered this impression and has drawn a …

Ethical Issues And Future Directions In Wildlife Management, John W. Grandy

Nature Collection

Recent progress in protection of wildlife and wildlife refuges is currently being undermined by the efforts of James Watt, U.S. Secretary of the Interior, who believes that commercial interests should take precedence over the preservation of pristine wilderness areas and wildlife sanctuaries. The consequent loss, as populations approach extinction because of programs like decimation of habitats and predator control, is more than simply aesthetic: genetic material unique to each species will be lost forever. Particular issues of immediate concern are the fate of bobcats and whales, inhumane trapping, and the Endangered Species Act. As a longer-term concern, the goal of …

The Changing Concept Of Animals As Property, Vincent P. Mccarthy

Attitudes Towards Animals Collection

Enforced and maintained by a legal superstructure that regulated every aspect of a black [slave's] social, political, economic, and religious life, his property status continued until the middle of the nineteenth century when Congress passed the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments to the Constitution, which overturned the Dred Scott decision and recognized that a black human being had legally protectible rights.

There are some signs in recent legal decisions that a similar evolution in the status of animals is taking place: judges are beginning to draw distinctions between animals and property.

But can we ever expect that the courts will …

The Problem Of Pain: What Do Animals Really Feel?, Dana H. Murphy

Sentience Collection

Much of the contention and confusion that seem inevitably to arise whenever the subject of pain in animals comes up appear to stem principally from problems with the word "pain" itself. When used to describe responses in humans, "pain" can mean any subset of an incredibly broad spectrum of sensations and emotions, ranging from the instantaneous, galvanizing effect of a dentist drill hitting the nerve in a molar, to more airy notions such as the "pain" of rejection or "painfully" embarrassing situations. Humans even use concepts as abstruse as the German term, weltschmerz, or "world pain," which denotes a vaguely …

The Economics Of Farm Animal Welfare, A. J. F. Webster

Agribusiness Collection

The number of ways that one can be nice or nasty to animals are legion. This article will consider only one very specific aspect of farm animal welfare, namely, those systems of intensive animal production in which the system itself, irrespective of the quality of the stockmanship within the system, appears to restrict the normal behavior of farm animals to an unacceptable degree. The systems that were considered by the House of Commons Select Committee on Agriculure (1981) include egg production from hens in battery cages, production of veal from calves deprived of solid food and isolated in wooden crates, …

Deep Woodchip Litter: Hygiene, Feeding, And Behavioral Enhancement In Eight Primate Species, Arnold S. Chamove, James R. Anderson, Susan C. Morgan-Jones, Susan P. Jones

Ethology Collection

Sixty-seven animals from eight primate species were used to assess improved husbandry techniques. The presence of woodchips as a direct-contact litter decreased inactivity and fighting, and increased time spent on the ground. Placing food in the deep litter led to further behavioral improvement. The use of frozen foods improved food distribution and reduced fighting in most situations, especially when it was buried in the litter. With time, the litter became increasingly inhibitory to bacteria. The results suggest that inexpensive ways of increasing environmental complexity are effective in improving housing for primates.

Introduced Species And The Issue Of Animal Welfare, Michael Hutchins, Victoria Stevens, Natasha Atkins

Ecology Collection

Recently, considerable debate has been heard about the control or elimination of introduced or "exotic" animals on publicly held U.S. lands. Species introductions, whether intentional or unintentional, seem to be an inevitable result of human activities, but they may result in both economic and ecological problems: It has been estimated that over 90 percent of all such introductions have been harmful in some respect. Control of exotics can be accomplished through containment, shooting, poisoning, reintroduction of native predators, introduction of disease organisms, live capture and removal, and reproductive inhibition.

Those who must make decisions about the fate of introduced species …

Ijsap Volume 03, Number 01

IJSAP VOL 3

TABLE OF CONTENTS - VOL. 3(1), 1982

LETTERS

EDITORIALS

• Journal Developments - A. Rowan
• The "Show Dog" Syndrome - M.W. Fox
• Animal Liberation--The Modern Revival - A.N. Rowan
• The Oxford Vegetarians--A Personal Account - P. Singer

NEWS AND REVIEW

• Feeder Pigs Demonstrate Stress via Radio
• Debate in Europe Over Standards for Battery Hens
• Farm Animal Research--For Producers of For the Animals?

FOCUS

• Horse Racing and Drug Abuse: Untangling the Issues Involved

COMMENTS

• Laboratory Animals: Unification of Legislation in Europe - H. Rozemund
• A Strategy for Dog-Owner Education - I. Dunbar
• A Message from Pano - W. Conway

ORIGINAL AND REVIEW …

The Future Of Research Into Relationships Between People And Their Animal Companions, Boris M. Levinson

Human and Animal Bonding Collection

In sharp contrast to prevalent public attitudes of 20 years ago, the field of animal-human relationships is now respected as a legitimate area of scientific investigation. However, it has not yet evolved into a full-fledged discipline: a specific term for this discipline, a body of theory, and a methodology of its own must still be developed. This methodology should make use of both the intuitive and scientific approaches in order to encompass the full richness of animal-human interaction. Four main areas of investigation would be fruitful at this point: {1) the role of animals in various human cultures and ethnic …

Ijsap Volume 03, Number 04

IJSAP VOL 3

TABLE OF CONTENTS – VOL. 3(4), 1982

LETTERS

EDITORIALS

• Reader Survey – A.N. Rowan
• The Language of Animal Exploitation – M.W. Fox

NEWS AND ANALYSIS

• Mickey Revisited
• Defense Alternatives
• FDA Approves Contraceptive Dog Food
• Those Ultrasonic Devices for Pest Control
• NIH Animal Welfare Guidelines
• Mung Beans May Replace Animals for Screening New Drugs
• A Lift for “Down” Cows
• Bird Branding Bad for Birds?
• The Rites of Passage of a Hunter
• Results of the First U.S. Trial of the Quantock Group-Pen System for Raising Calves
• American Psychological Association and Dr. Taub
• Separating the Dogs from the Coyotes

FOCUS

• The Problem of …

Ijsap Volume 03, Number 02

IJSAP VOL 3

TABLE OF CONTENTS – VOL. 3(2), 1982

LETTERS

EDITORIALS

• Is There Really a Market for Milk-Fed Veal? – D.H. Murphy
• Animal Rights and “Religious Politics” – M.W. Fox
• How to Compose a Laboratory Animal Use Report for the USDA – J. M. Cass

NEWS AND ANALYSIS

• “Surplus Population” and the Hunter
• Animal Rights and Poultry: A Framework for Discussion
• The French Stand Firm on Right to Hunt
• Good Marks for Calves
• Captive Bolt Shooting
• Jewish Ritual Slaughter May Ignore Animals’ Welfare
• Tissue Culture Course Funded
• Follow-Up: Pulmonary Hemorrhage in Racehorses
• Sheep Become Latest Victims of Intensive Farming Conditions
• Wild and …

Ijsap Volume 03, Number 03

IJSAP VOL 3

TABLE OF CONTENTS – VOL. 3(3), 1982

LETTERS

EDITORIALS

• The Issue of Science and the Issue of Care – A.N. Rowan
• The Slippery Semantics of a Word: “Dominion” – M.W. Fox

NEWS AND ANALYSIS

• Pound Animals for Research Institutions?
• Fish Relieved to Find They Are Animals
• Further Work on EEC Standards for Battery Cages
• Between a Rock and a Hard Place
• Taking a More Accurate Census
• Sociology and Wildlife: The Tuna-Porpoise Controversy
• Alternatives in Canada
• Protecting Laboratory Animals
• No British Aid for LD50 Alternatives
• The BVA and Animal Experimentation
• AVWA Animal Welfare Committee to Focus on “Veterinarian Awareness”
• Adrenal Steroid …

Hsus Veal Campaign Takes Off

Close Up Reports

Through our action packet, which includes a fact sheet describing how veal calves are raised in this country, an action sheet showing what you can do to help, and bright yellow cards to leave when you dine out explaining why you didn't choose veal, you can help get the word out.

It is clear that our efforts to reform milk-fed veal production methods in the U.S. are already producing results. Shortly after our New York Times ad appeared, a large farm group paid to have its own ad published in response. Agricultural trade papers have warned their readers against our …

Behavioral Ecology Of Coyotes: Social Organization, Rearing Patterns, Space Use, And Resource Defense, Marc Bekoff, Michael C. Wells

Ethology Collection

Two groups of coyotes in which genealogical relationships were known were studied in the Grand Teton National Park, outside of Jackson, Wyoming, U.S.A., from 1977-1982. One group, a pack consisting of parents and some non-dispersing and non-breeding offspring, defended a territory and the food (mainly elk carrion) contained within it, especially during winter, and also had helpers at den sites (5 of 6 were males). The other group, a mated resident pair, all of whose young dispersed during the first year of life, did not defend a territory and never had helpers at dens. Delayed dispersal and retention of some …

Hs News Volume 27, Number 01

HSUS News 1979-88

• President’s Perspective: A commitment reaffirmed (John A. Hoyt)
• No veal this meal
• Thanks!
• Sponsorship withdrawn
• We are disappointed
• SPCA seeks big winner
• Guide takes off
• Humane victory harpooned
• The Endangered Species Act: is it at the brink of extinction?: The ESA must be reauthorized or die (Natasha Atkins)
• Praise these people!
• HSUS voices heard on Hill
• Animal welfare: the present crisis - The HSUS 1981 Annual Conference brought together hundreds of animal protectionists concerned about the crucial problems facing animals today
• New occasions teach new duties
• 1981 Resolutions adopted at the 1981 Annual Conference
• Views of a bedroll naturalist: The …

Hsus Veal Campaign Takes Off

Close Up Reports

Milk-fed calves the focus of national public-education campaign

Shelter Sense Volume 04, Number 06

ShelterSense 1978-92

• The warning form: investigations tool (Tim Greyhavens)
• Special announcement [Beuthanasia-D Special is subject to the same federal regulations for record keeping and storage as sodium pentobarbital]
• Shelter Sense Reproducible – Before you start looking for a puppy, take a good, long look at yourself.
• Society sued for adopting out allegedly vicious dog (Roger Kindler)
• Training
• Cruelty conviction upheld
• Vaccine program
• Form letters
• New members for humane societies?
• Classifieds can help adoptions
• Two are better than one
• Elderly allowed pets
• Fund raisers from England
• Cruelty conviction
• “Heat Kills” sign successful
• Cat hater is cat lover
• Vehicle donated
• It’s raining veterinarians
• Run …

Social, Spacing, And Cooperative Behavior Of The Collared Peccary, Tayassu Tajacu, John A. Byers, Marc Bekoff

Ethology Collection

Social behavior of the collared peccary was studied on the lower, eastern slopes of the Mazatzal Mountains, Arizona. The social unit in this species is a cohesive herd, in which small inter-individual distances are maintained. Two conspicuous acts, one olfactory and one auditory, functioned to maintain close spacing. Social interactions were brief but tended to synchronize the activities of animals and also to bring them closer together. Amicable and neutral actions occurred far more frequently than agonistic interactions. Most agonistic behavior did not involve physical contact. Cooperative nursing, predator defense, and feeding occurred; all adults were tolerant of young, and …

Ijsap Volume 02, Number 06

IJSAP VOL 2

TABLE OF CONTENTS - VOL. 2(6), 1981

LETTERS

EDITORIALS

• Getting Educated at the Zoo - N. Heneson
• Productivity and Farm Animal Welfare - M.W. Fox
• Animals in Film and Television - D.B. Wilkins

NEWS AND REVIEW

• Canadian Report on Humane Trapping
• Toxocariasis a Public Health Concern
• Mutilation of Farm Animals
• Livestock and the Weather
• Disposition of Pets in Wills
• Dutch Figures on Animal Experiments
• UK Animal Experiments

COMMENT

• An Overview of Zoo Goals and Exhibition Principles - R.L. Eaton
• The Role and Responsibility of Zoos--An Animal Protection Viewpoint - J.E. Cooper
• A Response to Dr. Ian Dunbar - G. Henderson …

Glro Fall 1981

Great Lakes Regional Office

• Education workshop stresses professionalism
• HSUS take legal action against "bunchers"
• The City of Fort Wayne, Indiana, can now boast of a contemporary animal control ordinance that among many provisions includes the licensing of kennels and catteries
• Physical and chemical capture techniques will be the topic of a two-day workshop sponsored by the Kalamazoo County Animal Control Department
• The Central Illinois Animal Control Training program was held in Pekin, Illinois, Septembers 17th and 18th, 1981
• The Michigan Humane Society in Detroit has one of the country's most active and successful cruelty investigation programs
• From the Director's Desk
• Ohio H.B. 585 (legalize …

Gsro Fall 1981

Gulf States Regional Office

• Bullfighting surfaces in Texas
• Important new laws
• Director's Comment (Bill Meade)
• Armadillo Races halted
• Game Preserves: pay-for-slaughter
• Cockfighting rampant in Louisiana
• Arkansas puppy mill investigated
• Around the Region
• How you can work to halt cruelties

Humane Education Happenings Fall 1981

Humane Happenings 1975-81

No abstract provided.

Estimation Of Harvest Rate And Vulnerability From Age And Sex Data, J. E. Pahoheimo, David Fraser

Wildlife Population Management Collection

A nonlinear least-squares procedure is developed to estimate harvest rate and differential vulnerability in wildlife populations that are harvested with 1 segment of the population more able than another. The method requires age data by category from a series of harvests, plus information on accumulated harvest effort, and assumes that the nonharvest mortality rate is the same for the categories. The data need not be from consecutive harvests, as long as the effort is known for missing Monte Carlo simulations were done to verify the estimation procedure. An example shows the application of the method to moose (Alces alces) harvest …

Activity Of Moose And White-Tailed Deer At Mineral Springs, D. Fraser, H. Hristienko

Social Behavior Collection

Activity of moose (Alces alces) and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) was studied at two natural mineral springs (licks) in Ontario during the springtime and summer of 1977 to 1980. Most adult moose appeared to use a lick during a single 1- to 5-day period in a year; some returned at intervals during the season; and all seemed drawn principally by the mineral-rich water. Some young moose remained in the lick vicinity for 3 weeks or more, and often wandered in and out of the licks, grazing herbage as well as drinking. This suggested a social as well as a nutritional …

Hs News Volume 26, Number 04

HSUS News 1979-88

• President's Perspective: How much is that doggie in the window? (John A. Hoyt)
• Objection sustained
• The painful truth
• Credit where due
• Headlights on
• Kids' cans win kudos
• USDA Summit raises hopes
• Puppy mill misery: an HSUS investigator discovers overcrowding, filth, and neglect are ways of life for hundreds of thousands of puppies and their parents, imprisoned in breeding factories nationwide
• One ride on the Puppy Express
• What you can do to fight puppy mills
• Making a difference: ten steps that can help you pass a law (Ann Church)
• The whales' year at last: the 1981 meeting of the International Whaling …

Shelter Sense Volume 04, Number 05

ShelterSense 1978-92

• Study of puppy mills completed (Julie Rovner)
• Display in Denver
• Information network
• Training opportunities
• Animals no longer released
• Anti-litter campaign
• New laws in Texas
• Spay/neuter survey
• Adoption signed by judge
• Fighting animal abandonment
• Clearinghouse
• Animals in the news
• Board members join HSUS
• State legislation: how it works
• How a bill becomes law
• Conference action
• State legislation: how to write letters
• State legislation: how to testify
• State legislation: when it's needed (Marc Paulhus)
• Just Wright -- What's the answer? (Phyllis Wright)