Digital Commons Network^™

Creating An Effective Shelter Intake Form To Reduce Owner Surrender, Sandra Nichole Tongg

HSU STUDENT THESES AND CAPSTONE PROJECTS

No abstract provided.

Thinking Pigs: Cognition, Emotion, And Personality, Lori Marino, Christina M. Colvin

Mammalogy Collection

An exploration of the cognitive complexity of Sus domesticus, the domestic pig.

White Women Wanted? An Analysis Of Gender Diversity In Social Justice Magazines, Corey Lee Wrenn, Megan Lutz

Diversity and Social Movements Collection

The role of media in collective action repertoires has been extensively studied, but media as an agent of socialization in social movement identity is less understood. It could be that social movement media is normalizing a particular activist identity to the exclusion of other demographics. For instance, Harper has identified white-centrism in anti-speciesist media produced by the Nonhuman Animal rights movement and supposes that this lack of diversity stunts movement potential. Using the lesser-studied Nonhuman Animal rights movement as a starting point, this study investigates two prominent Nonhuman Animal rights magazines. We compare those findings with an analysis of comparable …

Mating Games Squid Play: Reproductive Behaviour And Sexual Skin Displays In Caribbean Reef Squid Sepioteuthis Sepioidea, Jennifer Mather

Reproductive Behavior Collection

Observation of the sexual interactions of Sepioteuthis sepioidea squid during the short reproductive stage of their lives showed a scramble competition system, with both male and female polygyny. Mature females were faithful to a specific location in the daytime, whereas males moved from group to group and formed short-term consortships with females. Males defended females from other males, particularly with an agonistic Zebra display. Male–female pairs exchanged Saddle-Stripe displays, after which males might display an on–off Flicker. There was considerable female choice. Only if a female responded to this display with a parallel Rocking action would she pair and would …

Report Of Roaming Dog Survey Of Dhaka City Corporation, Bangladesh, Amit Chaudhari

Stray and Feral Animal Populations Collection

In January 2016, Humane Society International (HSI) conducted a dog population survey of Dhaka City to estimate abundance of roaming dogs in the city, including both North and South City Corporation areas. Abundance is the total population size in a given area. A “roaming dog” is defined to mean any dog that may move freely at times on the city streets or other public areas, such as a “stray”, “community dog” or unconfined owned dog.

Hunting As A Management Tool? Cougar-Human Conflict Is Positively Related To Trophy Hunting, Kristine J. Teichman, Bogdan Cristescu, Chris T. Darimont

Big-Game and Trophy Hunting Collection

Background: Overexploitation and persecution of large carnivores resulting from conflict with humans comprise major causes of declines worldwide. Although little is known about the interplay between these mortality types, hunting of predators remains a common management strategy aimed at reducing predator-human conflict. Emerging theory and data, however, caution that such policy can alter the age structure of populations, triggering increased conflict in which conflict-prone juveniles are involved.

Results: Using a 30-year dataset on human-caused cougar (Puma concolor) kills in British Columbia (BC), Canada, we examined relationships between hunter-caused and conflict-associated mortality. Individuals that were killed via conflict with humans were …

Report Of Roaming Dog Street Survey In Dehradun, Lex Hiby

Demographics and Populations

This report documents the results of street dog surveys carried out at the request of the Dehradun municipality to monitor the density and composition of the Dehradun roaming dog population. By a “roaming dog” we mean any dog that may move freely at times on the city streets or other public areas, such as a “stray”, “community dog” or unconfined owned dog.

Report Of Roaming Dog Survey Of Dhaka City Corporation, Bangladesh - Jan 2016, Amit Chaudhari

Demographics and Populations

Extrapolating observed dogs/km by total street length and correcting for detectability gives an estimate of 37,009 dogs roaming on the streets of Dhaka City, including both the North and South City Corporation areas. In North City Corporation itself, there is an estimated population of 24,384 roaming dogs, 26% of whom, including both males and females, have already been sterilized. In South City Corporation, there is an estimated population of 12,625 roaming dogs, with only 13% having been sterilized. A total of 3,174 dogs were counted during early morning surveys along 244.35 km of streets in both the North and South …

A Game Of Horns - Transnational Flows Of Rhino Horn, Annette Michaela Huebschle

Economics & Trade

This dissertation (424 pages) addresses in great detail global rhino conservation and the international efforts to protect the remaining rhino populations via international treaties, intensive conservation and security measures, demand reduction campaigns and quasi-military operations against poachers and wildlife traders. Despite these efforts, the poaching of rhinos and trafficking of rhino horn continue unabated. This dissertation asks why the illegal market in rhinoceros' horn has been so resilient in spite of the myriad measures employed to disrupt it.

National Dog Population Management And Rabies Control Project Bhutan

Demographics and Populations

Environmental littering and public health concerns about rabies disease and an increase in dog bite incidence were among the negative impacts from the large number of free roaming dogs. In addition, tourism - one of Bhutan's largest income sections, were affected by continuous barking at night. Over the years, the government initiated several approaches to control the free roaming dog population. In 2009, they accepted a proposal from Humane Society International to implement a pilot sterilization program. This project was a success so the government contracted with HSI to implement a national dog sterilization program. This report outlines the impact …

Moving Beyond The "Five Freedoms" By Updating The "Five Provisions" And Introducing Aligned "Animal Welfare Aims", David J. Mellor

General - Animal Welfare

The Five Freedoms paradigm has been very influential in shaping animal welfare thinking for the last two decades, it has two key disadvantages. First, the focus on “freedom” from a range of negative experiences and states has been misunderstood in a number of quarters to mean that complete freedom from these experiences and states is possible, when in fact the best that can be achieved is for them to be minimised. Second, the major focus of the Freedoms on negative experiences and states is now seen to be a disadvantage in view of current understanding that animal welfare management should …

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Updating Animal Welfare Thinking: Moving Beyond The "Five Freedoms" Towards "A Life Worth Living", David J. Mellor

General - Animal Welfare

The Five Freedoms have had major impact on animal welfare thinking internationally. However, despite clear initial statements that the words ‘freedom from’ should indicate ‘as free as possible from’, the Freedoms have come to be represented as absolute or fundamental freedoms, even rights, by some animal advocate and other groups. Moreover, a marked increase in scientific understanding over the last two decades shows that the Freedoms do not capture the more nuanced knowledge of the biological processes that is germane to understanding animal welfare and which is now available to guide its management. For example, the named negative experiences of …

Community Attitudes And Practices Of Urban Residents Regarding Predation By Pet Cats On Wildlife: An International Comparison, Catherine M. Hall, Nigel A. Adams, J. Stuart Bradley, Kate A. Bryant, Alisa A. Davis, Christopher R. Dickman, Tsumugi Fujita, Shinichi Kobayashi, Christopher A. Lepczyk, E. Anne Mcbride, Kenneth H. Pollock, Irene M. Styles, Yolanda Van Heezik, Ferian Wang, Michael C. Calver

Predation and Wildlife

International differences in practices and attitudes regarding pet cats' interactions with wildlife were assessed by surveying citizens from at least two cities in Australia, New Zealand, the UK, the USA, China and Japan. Predictions tested were: (i) cat owners would agree less than non-cat owners that cats might threaten wildlife, (ii) cat owners value wildlife less than non-cat owners, (iii) cat owners are less accepting of cat legislation/restrictions than non-owners, and (iv) respondents from regions with high endemic biodiversity (Australia, New Zealand, China and the USA state of Hawaii) would be most concerned about pet cats threatening wildlife. Everywhere non-owners …

Changes In The Welfare Of An Injured Working Farm Dog Assessed Using The Five Domains Model, Katherine E. Littlewood, David J. Mellor

General - Animal Welfare

The present structured, systematic and comprehensive welfare evaluation of an injured working farm dog using the Five Domains Model is of interest in its own right. It is also an example for others wanting to apply the Model to welfare evaluations in different species and contexts. Six stages of a fictitious scenario involving the dog are considered: (1) its on-farm circumstances before one hind leg is injured; (2) its entanglement in barbed wire, cutting it free and transporting it to a veterinary clinic; (3) the initial veterinary examination and overnight stay; (4) amputation of the limb and immediate post-operative recovery; …

Hpi Reactivity Does Not Reflect Changes In Personality Among Trout Introduced To Bold Or Shy Social Groups, Jack S. Thomson, Phillip C. Watts, Tom G. Pottinger, Lynne U. Sneddon

Social Behavior Collection

Physiological stress responses often correlate with personalities (e.g., boldness). However, this relationship can become decoupled, although the mechanisms underlying changes in this relationship are poorly understood. Here we quantify (1) how an individual’s boldness (response to novel objects) in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, changes in response to interactions with a population of either bold or shy conspecifics and we (2) measured associated post-stress cortisol levels. Initially-bold trout became shyer regardless of group composition, whereas shy trout remained shy demonstrating that bold individuals are more plastic. Stress-induced plasma cortisol reflected the original personality of fish but not the personality induced …

Dry Period Plane Of Energy: Effects On Glucose Tolerance In Transition Dairy Cows, S. Mann, F. A. Leal Yepes, M. Duplessis, J. J. Wakshlag, T. R. Overton, B. P. Cummings, D. V. Nydam

Physiology Collection

Overfeeding energy in the dry period can affect glucose metabolism and the energy balance of transition dairy cows with potential detrimental effects on the ability to successfully adapt to early lactation. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of different dry cow feeding strategies on glucose tolerance and on resting concentrations of blood glucose, glucagon, insulin, nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), and β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) in the peripartum period. Cows entering second or greater lactation were enrolled at dry-off (57 d before expected parturition) into 1 of 3 treatment groups following a randomized block design: cows …

Body Condition Score And Plane Of Nutrition Prepartum Affect Adipose Tissue Transcriptome Regulators Of Metabolism And Inflammation In Grazing Dairy Cows During The Transition Period, M. Vailati-Riboni, M. Kanwal, O. Bulgari, S. Meier, N. V. Priest, C. R. Burke, J. K. Kay, S. Mcdougall, M. D. Mitchell, C. G. Walker, M. Crookenden, A. Heiser, J. R. Roche, J. J. Loor

Physiology Collection

Recent studies demonstrating a higher incidence of metabolic disorders after calving have challenged the management practice of increasing dietary energy density during the last ~3 wk prepartum. Despite our knowledge at the whole-animal level, the tissue-level mechanisms that are altered in response to feeding management prepartum remain unclear. Our hypothesis was that prepartum body condition score (BCS), in combination with feeding management, plays a central role in the peripartum changes associated with energy balance and inflammatory state. Twenty-eight mid-lactation grazing dairy cows of mixed age and breed were randomly allocated to 1 of 4 treatment groups in a 2 × …

Thank You For An Amazing Year

HSUS Annual Reports 2005-18

No abstract provided.

From The President, Wayne Pacelle

HSUS Annual Reports 2005-18

No abstract provided.

Cracking Down On Animal Cruelty

HSUS Annual Reports 2005-18

No abstract provided.

Teaming Up To Save Animals’ Lives

HSUS Annual Reports 2005-18

No abstract provided.

Taking On Institutional Cruelty To Dogs

HSUS Annual Reports 2005-18

No abstract provided.

Major Victories On Multiple Fronts

HSUS Annual Reports 2005-18

No abstract provided.

Help For All Companions, Big And Small

HSUS Annual Reports 2005-18

No abstract provided.

Care For The Orphaned, Ill And Abused

HSUS Annual Reports 2005-18

No abstract provided.

Financial Operations Report

HSUS Annual Reports 2005-18

No abstract provided.

Geographic Variability Of Octopus Insularis Diet: From Oceanic Island To Continental Populations, Tatiana S. Leite, Allan T. Batista, Françoise D. Lima, Jaciana C. Barbosa, Jennifer A. Mather

Habitat and Trophic Ecology Collection

A predator’s choice of prey can be affected by many factors. We evaluated various influences on population dietary composition, individual specialization and size of prey in Octopus insularis populations from 2 continental and 4 insular locations. We expected that habitat diversity would lead to diet heterogeneity. Furthermore, in keeping with MacArthur & Wilson’s (1967) theory of island biogeography, we expected that diet diversity would be lower around islands than on the coast of the mainland. Both predictions were confirmed when prey remains from octopus middens were examined. The 2 continental areas exhibited a richer habitat diversity and a wider variety …

The Value Of Pets To Public And Private Health And Well-Being, Leslie Irvine, Laurent Cilia

Human-Companion Animal Relationships Collection

This analysis reviews empirical studies of the health benefits of pet ownership published between 1980 and 2016 and collected in the database of the Human-Animal Bond Research Initiative, or HABRI. The analysis began with 373 titles and eventually encompassed a dataset of 151 full-text documents. Along with analysis of substantive content, each study received a score for methodological rigor. The number of studies has steadily increased, particularly since 2000, and methodological rigor has improved. The literature encompasses four topics, including cardiovascular, general, and psychosocial health, and physical activity. Overall, the research finds that pets benefit human health, although the available …

Animals & Ethics 101: Thinking Critically About Animal Rights, Nathan Nobis

Moral Standing and Animal Rights Collection

This book provides an overview of the current debates about the nature and extent of our moral obligations to animals. Which, if any, uses of animals are morally wrong, which are morally permissible (i.e., not wrong) and why? What, if any, moral obligations do we, individually and as a society (and a global community), have towards animals and why? How should animals be treated? Why? We will explore the most influential and most developed answers to these questions – given by philosophers, scientists, and animal advocates and their critics – to try to determine which positions are supported by the …

Linking Animal Ethics And Animal Welfare Science, Sue Donaldson, Will Kymlicka

Animal Sentience

Broom (2014) argues that theories of animal ethics need to be better informed by the findings of animal welfare science. We agree, but argue that animal welfare science in turn may need to ask different questions. To date it has largely assumed that society will continue to treat domesticated animals as a caste group that exists to serve us, and that animal welfare is to be improved within that legal and political framework. We offer an alternative model of human-animal relations, and discuss what kind of animal welfare science it would require.