Digital Commons Network^™

Prevalence Of Sleep Disturbance And Associated Risk Factors In Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy, Salim Yakdan, Karan Joseph, Jingyi Zhang, Miguel A Ruiz-Cardozo, Aryan Pradhan, Alisha Dhallan, Faraz Arkam, Willliam Mualem, Garrison Bentz, Diogo P Moniz Garcia, Benjamin Plog, Alexander T Yahanda, Daniel Hafez, Wilson Z Ray, Camilo A Molina, Jacob K Greenberg

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Retrospective Case-Control.

Histologic Assessment In Ulcerative Colitis: A Survey Of Pathologists' Practices And Perspectives, Krithika D Shenoy, Jiannan Li, Adam L Booth, Xiuli Liu

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Histologic remission is increasingly recognized as an important endpoint in ulcerative colitis (UC) management. Consensus guidelines on adopting histologic scoring systems in clinical practice are lacking in the United States. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of pathologists, primarily located in North America, regarding histologic evaluation in UC.

METHODS: This study surveyed a group of pathologists who have completed postdoctoral medical training with demonstrated interest and involvement in the field of gastrointestinal pathology to evaluate their knowledge, practices, and perspectives on histologic assessment using standardized scoring systems in clinical practice in UC patients. The survey …

Orsay Virus Variants Isolated From Wild Caenorhabditis Elegans Nematodes, France, Chika Fujii, Susan Vernon, Marie-Anne Félix, David Wang

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Four new variants of Orsay virus were identified from wild isolates of

A Plain Language Summary Publication Of Patients' Survival With Endometrial Cancer Treated With Dostarlimab Plus Carboplatin-Paclitaxel, Matthew A Powell, Carolyn Mccourt, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

What is the purpose of this PLS-P? The purpose of this plain language summary of publication is to help you understand recent findings from Part 1 of the RUBY study (full name ENGOT-EN6/GOG3031/RUBY trial). • Researchers sometimes study new combinations of already approved individual treatments to see if the combinations work well together and if they are safe to prescribe to patients. • In Part 1 of the RUBY study, the combination of

Hydroxyapatite Microspheres Induce Durable Pleurodesis And Are Rapidly Cleared By Pleural Osteoclasts, Yusuke Tanaka, Yuki Takahashi, Yuma Shindo, Lori B. Pitstick, Steven L. Teitelbaum, Wei Zou, Xiangning Wang, Jason C. Woods, Kathryn A. Wikenheiser-Brokamp, Francis X. Mccormack

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Talc pleurodesis is highly effective for preventing recurrence of pneumothorax and pleural effusion, but it can be complicated by dissemination, acute lung injury, lead exposure, and foreign body-induced chronic inflammation and pain. Our objective is to develop a safe, biodegradable, contaminant-free particle for pleurodesis. We used mouse models of pneumothorax and malignant pleural effusion to compare the efficacy and safety of pleurodesis with talc and hydroxyapatite microspheres (HAM). Intrapleural instillation of microspheres induced pleural adhesions, fibrosis, and symphysis as effectively as talc and resulted in more durable protection from experimental pneumothorax. HAM and talc both induced an osteoclastogenic, inflammatory, and …

Barriers And Facilitators Of Implementing A Community Workshop Series To Mitigate Maternal-Child Food Insecurity: A Mixed-Methods Re-Aim Evaluation, Kristen Herlosky, Ana Baumann, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Community-led workshops offer promising health education models to advance maternal-child health equity by providing culturally congruent spaces for information sharing, resource access, and social support building. This study aimed to (1) document the participatory co-creation of a Community Workshop Series with topics across the Nurturing Care Framework domains (health, nutrition, early learning, security/safety, responsive caregiving) to mitigate maternal-child food insecurity, (2) evaluate CWS effectiveness in increasing participants' knowledge across the Nurturing Care Framework, and (3) identify CWS implementation barriers and facilitators.

METHODS: The study employed two-phases: Phase One engaged members of a Community Advisory Board in participatory research to …

Transcriptional Responses Of Mouse Proximal Colon And Colonoids During Early Whipworm Infection, Hyeim Jung, Joseph F Urban, Bruce A Rosa, Makedonka Mitreva

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Trichuriasis, caused by the parasitic nematode

Pathologist-Like Explainable Ai For Interpretable Gleason Grading In Prostate Cancer, Gesa Mittmann, Nidia Messias, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Gabaergic Interneurons Contribute To The Fatal Seizure Phenotype Of Cln2 Disease Mice, Keigo Takahashi, Nicholas R. Rensing, Elizabeth M. Eultgen, Letitia L. Williams, Sophie H. Wang, Hemanth R. Nelvagal, Steven Q. Le, Marie S. Roberts, Balraj Doray, Edward B. Han, Patricia I. Dickson, Michael Wong, Mark S. Sands, Jonathan D. Cooper

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The cellular etiology of seizures in CLN2 disease, a childhood-onset neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorder caused by a deficiency of tripeptidyl peptidase 1 (TPP1), remains elusive. Given that Cln2R207X/R207X mice display fatal spontaneous seizures and an early loss of several cortical GABAergic interneuron populations, we hypothesized that these 2 events might be causally related. To study the cell-autonomous effects of interneuron-specific TPP1 deficiency, we first generated transgenic mice expressing loxP-flanked lysosomal membrane-tethered TPP1 (TPP1LAMP1 mice) on the Cln2R207X/R207X genetic background, and then crossed TPP1LAMP1 mice with Vgat-Cre mice. These Vgat-Cre; TPP1LAMP1 mice accumulated storage material in cortical and striatal interneurons. Vgat-Cre; …

Fiber Recruitment Drives A Phase Transition Of Cell Polarization At A Critical Cell Spacing In Matrix-Mediated Tissue Remodeling, Xiangjun Peng, Yuxuan Huang, Wenyu Kong, Yanan Du, Elliot L Elson, Xi-Qiao Feng, Guy M Genin

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Biological tissues exhibit sharp phase transitions where cells collectively transition from disordered to ordered states at critical densities. We demonstrate through bio-chemo-mechanical modeling that this emergent behavior arises from a nonmonotonic dependence on nonlinear extracellular matrix (ECM) mechanics: mechanical communication between cells is optimized at intermediate stiffness values where cells can both generate sufficient forces and create strain-stiffened tension bands in the ECM. This balance establishes a critical cell spacing threshold for cell-cell communication ([Formula: see text]100 to 200 [Formula: see text]m) that is conserved across experimental observations for a broad range of cell types and collagen densities. Our model …

Performance Evaluation Of A Commercial Multiplex Pathogen Panel For Detection Of Bacteria In Sputum Specimens From Non-Icu Patients With Suspected Lower Respiratory Tract Infection, Madeline Gemoules, Tristan T Timbrook, Elizabeth Neuner, Rebekah E Dumm, Tamara Krekel

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Rapid diagnostic testing can improve pathogen detection and lead to targeted antibiotics. The BioFire FilmArray Pneumonia Panel (BFPP) is a multiplex PCR that has displayed strong concordance with traditional microbiologic techniques. However, most existing literature focuses on deep respiratory specimens, and there is sparse literature on performance in sputum specimens. This retrospective, single-center study included adult patients between 1 September 2022 and 31 August 2024 who had collection of a BFPP with standard of care (SOC) culture from a sputum specimen on a non-intensive care unit (ICU) floor or in the emergency department if admitted to a non-ICU floor. Out …

Fate Mapping Of Peripherally-Derived Macrophages After Traumatic Brain Injury In Mice Reveals A Long-Lasting Population With A Distinct Transcriptomic Signature, Maria Serena Paladini, Benjamin A Yang, Kristof A Torkenczy, Elma S Frias, Xi Feng, Karen Krukowski, Rene Sit, Maurizio Morri, Wendy Lam, Valentina Pedoia, Stefka Tyanova, Marco Colonna, Amber L Nolan, Susanna Rosi

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an environmental risk factor for dementia and long-term neurological deficits, posing a significant public health challenge. TBI-induced neuroinflammation involves both brain-resident microglia and peripheral monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs). Previous research has shown that MDMs contribute to the development of long-term memory deficits, yet their long-term behavior following brain infiltration remains unclear. To address this, our study uses two complementary fate-mapping mouse lines, CCR2-creERT2 and Ms4a3-cre, for precise and lasting tracking of MDMs in vivo. Here we show that MDMs persist in the brain for at least 8 months post-TBI in both male and female mice. MDMs …

Genomic Insights Into A Diarrheal Outbreak In Bangladesh Reveal Novel Etec Lineages And Expansion Of Cs23 Colonization Factor, Sadia Isfat Ara Rahman, James M Fleckenstein, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Enterotoxigenic

Estimated Waste Generation From 1 Million Basic Metabolic Panels: A Multisite U.S. Study, Seema Khattri Bhandari, Kwaku Twum, Erving T Laryea, Yaqing Du, Raeshun T Glover, Rachel G Brackbill, William Butler, Khushbu Patel, Christopher W Farnsworth, Christina C Pierre, Steven W Cotten, Joesph R Wiencek

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVES: Clinical laboratory operations consume large amounts of electricity and water and generate considerable quantities of solid waste. In this study, we quantified and compared the estimated solid waste produced from performing one million basic metabolic panels (BMPs) across five major high-throughput chemistry analyzer systems commonly used in the United States. Additionally, we estimated the carbon emissions associated with the electricity and water usage of each analyzer to better understand their environmental impact.

METHODS: Five academic medical centers each using a different clinical chemistry analyzer system, collected their respective annual vendor purchase data (January 2022-December 2022). Consumables including reagent cartridges, …

Apoe-Calypse Tau: Apoe-Tau Synergy In Alzheimer's Disease, Matthew Paul Lennol, Chiara Bordier, Léana Kamelher, Jason D Ulrich, David M Holtzman, Maud Gratuze

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia, is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) in senile plaques and abnormally hyperphosphorylated tau proteins in neurofibrillary tangles. While much of the research has focused on Aβ, tau-mediated neurodegeneration is more closely associated with synaptic loss and cognitive decline in AD, emphasizing the need for a deeper understanding of tau pathology. In this context, the interaction between tau and APOE, particularly the main genetic risk factor for AD APOE ε4, remains underexplored. APOE encodes apolipoprotein E (apoE), a protein important in lipid metabolism. In addition to promoting Aβ deposition, emerging …

Investigation Of Lncrna Expression In Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Reveals A Linc01432-Celf2 Axis As An Inhibitor Of Apoptosis, Richa Mishra, Prasanth Thunuguntla, Dhanusha Duraiyan, Alani Perkin, Katelyn Bagwill, Savannah Gonzales, Catheryn Sizemore, Vanessa Brizuela, Jaiyana King, Stephen Daly, Yoon Jae Chang, Mahdote Abebe, Yash Rajana, Kelly Wichmann, Christ Enyan, Shruthi Rangineni, Mark Fiala, Julie Fortier, Reyka Jayasinghe, Mark Schroeder, Li Ding, Ravi Vij, John Dipersio, Jessica Silva-Fisher

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable malignancy of plasma cells, with over 35,000 new cases diagnosed annually in the United States. Despite an expanding arsenal of approved therapies, nearly all patients relapse, and mechanisms underlying disease progression remain poorly understood. In particular, the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in MM progression and treatment response is largely unexplored. To address this gap, we performed transcriptome sequencing of newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) patient samples and compared individuals with short progression-free survival (PFS; < 24 months) to those with prolonged PFS (>24 months) following standard first-line therapy. We identified 157 lncRNAs upregulated in patients with short PFS, and prioritized the …

Understanding The Role Of Street Medicine In Harm Reduction: A Case Study Of Street Medicine St. Louis, Ari Gzesh, Jeremiah S Truel, Danielle R Adams, Luke Zabotka, Sara Malone, Nathanial S Nolan

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Homelessness results from, and exacerbates, various social determinants of health, including poverty, racism, and inadequate healthcare access, which are further compounded by physical and mental health challenges. The street medicine movement seeks to address these disparities by providing direct medical care and harm reduction services to unsheltered homeless in low-barrier settings. The development of trust is critical to providing this form of care. Few studies have sought to understand the factors influencing trust development in street medicine encounters.

METHODS: This case study of Street Medicine St. Louis aims to explore the factors that influence trust and how trust development …

Mitochondrial Dysfunction And Lipid Dysregulation In Yeast Lacking Phosphatidylserine, Alaumy Joshi, Zakery N Baker, Rachel A Stanfield, Dimitris T Kalafatis, David J Pagliarini, Vishal M Gohil

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Mitochondrial membrane phospholipids impact mitochondrial structure and function by influencing the assembly and activity of membrane proteins. Although the specific roles of the three most abundant mitochondrial phospholipids, phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and cardiolipin (CL), have been extensively studied, the precise function of less abundant phosphatidylserine (PS) is not yet determined. Here, we used genetic and nutritional manipulation to engineer a set of yeast mutants, including a mutant completely devoid of PS, to assess its role in mitochondrial bioenergetics and lipid homeostasis. To circumvent the confounding effect of downstream PS products, PE and PC, we exogenously supplied ethanolamine that allows …

Do Complex Psychometric Analyses Really Matter? Comparing Multiple Approaches Using Individual Participant Data From Antidepressant Trials, David Byrne, Frank Doyle, Susan Brannick, Robert M Carney, Pim Cuijpers, Alexandra L Dima, Kenneth E Freedland, Suzanne Guerin, David Hevey, Bishember Kathuria, Emma Wallace, Fiona Boland

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Psychometric methods are used to remove underperforming items and reduce error in existing measures, albeit different approaches can produce different results. This study aimed to determine the implications of applying different psychometric methods for clinical trial outcomes.

METHODS: Individual participant data from 15 antidepressant treatment trials from Vivli.org were analyzed. Baseline (pretreatment) and 8-week (range 4-12 weeks) outcome data from the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale were subjected to best-practice factor analysis (FA), item response theory (IRT), and network analysis (NA) approaches. Trial outcomes for the original summative scores and psychometric-model scores were assessed using multilevel models. Percentage differences in …

Aging And The Spectral Properties Of Brain Hemodynamics, Ki Yun Park, Abraham Z Snyder, Manu S Goyal, Timothy O Laumann, John J Lee, Babatunde Adeyemo, Nicholas Metcalf, Andrei G Vlassenko, Joshua S Shimony, Eric C Leuthardt

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Cerebral glucose metabolism (CMRGlc) systematically decreases with advancing age. We sought to identify correlates of decreased CMRGlc in the spectral properties of fMRI signals imaged in the task-free state. Lifespan resting-state fMRI data acquired in 455 healthy adults (ages 18-87 years) and cerebral metabolic data acquired in a separate cohort of 94 healthy adults (ages 25-45 years, 65-85 years) were analyzed. The spectral properties of the fMRI data were characterized in terms of the relative predominance of slow versus fast activity using the spectral slope (SS) measure. We found that the relative proportion of fast activity increases with advancing age …

Gender Trends In Professional Advancement Among Academic Pediatric Neurologists, Juliet K Knowles, Renée A Shellhaas, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Peroxisomal Metabolism Of Branched Fatty Acids Regulates Energy Homeostasis, Xuejing Liu, Anyuan He, Dongliang Lu, Donghua Hu, Min Tan, Parniyan Goodarzi, Bilal Ahmad, Brian Kleiboeker, Brian N Finck, Mohamed Zayed, Jonathan R Brestoff, Ali Javaheri, Fong-Fu Hsu, Clay F Semenkovich, Irfan J Lodhi, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Brown and beige adipocytes express uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), a mitochondrial protein that dissociates respiration from ATP synthesis and promotes heat production and energy expenditure. However, UCP1

Dissecting Real-World Memory Clinical Cohort Heterogeneity: Analysis Of Neuroanatomical Subtypes Using Hydra, Gordon Zhaoqi An, Yunchang Xie, Tammie L S Benzinger, Brian A Gordon, Aristeidis Sotiras

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: There is significant evidence for neuroanatomical heterogeneity in neurodegenerative disorders, which has been demonstrated predominantly through analyses of well-characterized research cohorts. Despite the known diversity in clinical presentations among patients attending memory clinics, studies exploring neuroanatomical heterogeneity in such clinically diverse groups remain sparse.

METHODS: To address this gap, we applied the semi-supervised Heterogeneity through Discriminative Analysis (HYDRA) (Neuroimage 145:346-364 2017) machine learning method to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from the Open Access Series of Imaging Studies (OASIS) (NeuroImage 26:102248 2020) to uncover patterns of neurostructural heterogeneity in memory clinic attendees. Cross-validation was used to assess clustering stability …

Dominant Negative Atp5f1a Variants Disrupt Oxidative Phosphorylation Causing Neurological Disorders, Sara M Fielder, Jessie R Zhang, Liana M Valin, Tara Samson, Sarah Govert, Sara Dacunha, Weimin Yuan, Jian Chen, Jacob Lesinski, Hieu Hoang, Stephanie A Morrison, Eric Tycksen, Dustin Baldridge, Gary A Silverman, Lisa Emrick, William J Craigen, Stephen M Sykes, Tim Schedl, Stephen C Pak, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

ATP5F1A encodes the α-subunit of complex V of the respiratory chain, which is responsible for mitochondrial ATP synthesis. We describe 6 probands with heterozygous de novo missense ATP5F1A variants that presented with developmental delay, intellectual disability, and movement disorders. All variants were located at the contact points between the α- and β-subunits. Functional studies in C. elegans revealed that the variants were damaging via a dominant negative genetic mechanism. Biochemical and proteomics studies of proband-derived cells showed a marked reduction in complex V abundance and activity. Mitochondrial physiology studies revealed increased oxygen consumption, yet decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP …

Motivations, Facilitators, And Barriers Of Donation-Based Interventions In Hiv And Sexually Transmitted Infection Research: A Systematic Review, Dorian Ho, Ye Liu, Jamie Conklin, Thomas Fitzpatrick, Jiayu Wang, Suzanne Day, Takhona G Hlatshwako, Rohit Ramaswamy, Ruby Congjiang Wang, Eneyi E Kpokiri, Weiming Tang, Elvin Geng, Joseph D Tucker

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: Donation-based prosocial interventions involve someone receiving a free health service and then distributing or donating to support health services for others; examples within the HIV and sexually transmitted infection (STI) literature include secondary distribution of HIV self-tests, secondary syringe exchange, and pay it forward for STI testing. These interventions answer research and policy recommendations to incorporate prosocial behaviors into HIV/STI services.

OBJECTIVE: To describe motivations, facilitators, and barriers of donation-based interventions in HIV and STI research using data from qualitative studies.

EVIDENCE REVIEW: In this systematic review, 5 databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, PsycInfo, and Scopus) and references were searched …

Hemodynamic Characteristics Of Dilated Ascending Aorta In Patients With Bicuspid Aortic Valve, Yu Xia, Xuehuan Zhang, Shuai Zhu, Suwei Chen, Wentao Dong, Zhuo Chen, Nan Zhang, Jiafu Ou, Junming Zhu, Duanduan Chen, Tie Zheng

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of aortic diameter on hemodynamic environment characteristics in patient with the bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) and dilated ascending aorta (AAo).

METHOD: In this study, an MRI of one BAV patient with 4.5 cm AAo was collected and numerical model was constructed. Based on the images, three additional anatomical models were constructed with different AAo sizes of 4.0 cm, 5.0 cm and 5.5 cm respectively, while the size and the geometry of other parts were fixed. Then hemodynamics in these four models was simulated numerically and the flow patterns and …

Using Implementation Mapping To Optimize The Impact Of Universal School Meals: A Type Iii Hybrid Implementation-Effectiveness Study Protocol, Gabriella M Mcloughlin, Angel Smith, Alex R Dopp, Resa Jones, Omar Martinez, Shiriki Kumanyika, Recai Yucel, Ross C Brownson, Jennifer Orlet Fisher

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Provision of government subsidized school meals at no charge to all students in income-eligible schools (Universal School Meals) is a critical policy approach to address food insecurity and risk for obesity in school-aged children. However, despite documented benefits, implementation challenges remain, which limit the uptake and associated impact of this provision. To ensure the longevity of this policy approach, equity-focused solutions that center the needs of those tasked with implementation and the most vulnerable Universal School Meals recipients are necessary. The aims of this study are to develop equity-focused implementation strategies and test them through a hybrid type III …

Microglia Regulate Gabaergic Neurogenesis In Prenatal Human Brain Through Igf1, Diankun Yu, Samhita Jain, Andi Wangzhou, Beika Zhu, Wenyuan Shao, Elena J Coley-O'Rourke, Stacy De Florencio, Jaeyeon Kim, Jennifer Ja-Yoon Choi, Mercedes F Paredes, Tomasz J Nowakowski, Eric J Huang, Xianhua Piao

2020-Current year OA Pubs

GABAergic neurons are essential cellular components of neural circuits. Their abundance and diversity have increased significantly in the human brain, contributing to the expanded cognitive capacity of humans

Identification Of Surrogate Outcome Biomarkers In Lung Allograft Recipients With Bronchiolitis Obliterans: Implications For Randomized Controlled Trials, Derek E. Byers, Suresh Vedantham, Mary Clare Derfler, Paul Commean, Andrew Atkinson, Jeff Atkinson, Alexey Prokudin, John Mccarthy, George Despotis, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: We developed a prospective, multicenter "registry" to evaluate the effect of extracorporeal photopheresis for lung transplant recipients who develop chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) with the bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) phenotype (CLAD/BOS) and who are refractory to conventional standard-of-care therapy.

METHODS: Data from 258 lung transplant recipients enrolled in the Registry between April 2015 and April 2022 were included in this analysis. All recorded parameters (eg, demographics), including forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV

RESULTS: Mortality at 6 and 12 mo after CLAD/BOS diagnosis was 5% and 14%, whereas mortality at 6 and 12 mo after enrollment was …

Predicting Acute Postsurgical Pain In The Postanesthesia Care Unit: Risk Tool Development And Internal Validation, Nicholas Papadomanolakis-Pakis, Simon Haroutounian, Johan K. Sørensen, Charlotte Runge, Lone D. Brix, Christian F Christiansen, Lone Nikolajsen

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Moderate-to-severe acute postsurgical pain (APSP) is experienced by approximately 30% of surgical patients.

OBJECTIVES: To improve early APSP management, we developed 2 pragmatic and generalizable point-of-care risk tools to preoperatively predict moderate-to-severe and severe APSP in the postanaesthesia care unit (PACU).

METHODS: This was a multicenter prospective cohort study of adult patients undergoing elective surgical procedures between May 2021 and May 2023. Candidate predictors were preidentified. Logistic regression was used to develop the models. Internal validation was conducted with bootstrap resampling. Model performance was assessed by discrimination and calibration. Decision curve analysis was conducted to evaluate clinical utility of …