Digital Commons Network^™

Atrial Fibrillation Is Associated With Increased In-Hospitality Mortality During Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy Hospitalizations: A Retrospective Cohort Study In The United States, Nischit Baral, Nabin R Karki, Daniel A Ladin, Raja Zaghlol, Mahmoud Ibrahim, Alexander Rabadi, Tarec K Elajami, Olivia Mechanic, Arvind Kunadi, Joshua D Mitchell

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy (CAR-T) has emerged as a promising treatment for specific hematological malignancies. While some studies suggest an association between CAR-T and atrial fibrillation (AF), more data are needed on the association of AF with CAR-T outcomes.

METHODS: This retrospective cohort study utilized the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) 2017-2020 to explore in-hospital outcomes in cancer patients with AF while undergoing CAR-T. Comparisons were drawn between patients with and without AF during the hospitalization, assessing various parameters including mortality rates, length of hospital stay, and occurrences of acute heart failure, pulmonary edema, and gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. …

Atrial Fibrillation Or Flutter In Patients Undergoing Stem Cell Transplantation, In-Hospital And Post-Discharge Outcomes In A Large Nationwide Sample Across The United States, Raja Zaghlol, Elena Deych, Nina Manian, Ahmed Altibi, Joshua D Mitchell

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Stem Cell Transplantation (SCT) is a cornerstone therapy in managing several malignant and benign hematological conditions. Atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter (AF) are commonly encountered in patients receiving SCT. There is a paucity of large-scale data on the prevalence of AF and their effect on outcomes following SCT.

METHODS: The United States National Readmission Database (NRD) was used to identify hospitalized patients who underwent SCT. Baseline demographics, comorbidities, the presence or absence of AF, the indication, and type of SCT were identified using diagnostic and procedural International Classification of Diseases 10th Edition (ICD-10) codes. Patients with AF were compared to those …

Characteristics Of Hospitals Participating In The Transforming Episode Accountability Model, Sukruth A Shashikumar, Jie Zheng, Thomas C Tsai, E John Orav, Arnold M Epstein, Karen E Joynt Maddox

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Quantum Magnetization Exchange Through Transient Hydrogen Bond Matrix Defines Magnetic Resonance Signal Relaxation And Anisotropy In Central Nervous System, Dmitriy A Yablonskiy, Alexander L Sukstanskii

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The integrity of cellular membranes (lipid bilayers) and myelin sheaths covering axons is a crucial feature controlling normal brain structural and functional networks. Yet, in vivo evaluation of this integrity at the nanoscale level of the cellular membranes organization is challenging. Herein we explore the dual property of biological water in Central Nervous System (CNS), as one of the major stabilizing factors of cellular membranes, and the major source of MRI signal. We introduce the Basic Transient Hydrogen Bond (THB) model of the MR signal relaxation due to the quantum spin/magnetization exchanges within the THB Matrix encompassing water molecules and …

The Trapping Of Live Neutrophils By Macrophages During Infection, Kelley N Cooper, Marina Terekhova, Barbara Potempa, Ana D'Aubeterre, Jerome Timbol, Si An Chen, Antoine Dufour, Shunying Jin, Maxim N Artyomov, Jan Potempa, Juhi Bagaitkar

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Neutrophils are highly abundant in the oral mucosal tissues, and their balanced activation and clearance are essential for immune homeostasis. Here, we demonstrate that neutrophils infected with the bacterial pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) are captured alive by macrophages in a manner that bypasses all known receptor-ligand interactions involved in the phagocytosis of either live or dead cells. Mechanistically, upon interaction with Pg, or its protease RgpB (gingipains), live neutrophils undergo rapid remodeling of their proteomes, generating neoepitopes. N-terminomics-based proteomic profiling identified multiple RgpB cleavage sites on several azurophilic granule proteins that are translocated to the surface of live neutrophils via …

Environmental Racism: Associations Between Poverty, Pollution, And Pediatric Gun Violence, Amelia Bray-Aschenbrenner, Jinli Wang, Mary E Bernardin

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Firearm injuries are the leading cause of death among children in the United States. Research indicates that increased green spaces can reduce violent crime, but the incident locations of pediatric firearm injuries have not been studied in relation to environmental hazards like air pollution, which disproportionately affects underresourced communities.

METHODS: This retrospective, observational cohort study reviewed patients aged 0-18 who presented with firearm injuries at St. Louis Children's Hospital Emergency Department between 2015 and 2021. Groups of city blocks most vulnerable to air pollution ["vulnerable block groups" (VBGs)] were obtained from the St. Louis EcoUrban Assessment Tool and sociodemographic …

Bispecific Antibodies In Follicular Lymphoma, Imran A. Nizamuddin, Nancy L. Bartlett

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Bispecific antibodies, specifically anti-CD20 T-cell engaging constructs, are poised to alter the treatment paradigm for multiple B-cell malignancies, including follicular lymphoma. Two CD20xCD3 bispecific antibodies, mosunetuzumab and epcoritamab, are now approved in the United States for third-line or later treatment of follicular lymphoma. A third agent, odronextamab, remains under review by regulatory agencies. In pivotal phase II trials, these bispecific antibodies demonstrated overall response rates of approximately 80%, with complete response rates of 60-70%, the majority of which have been durable at 2 years. Important safety signals included risk of infections, neutropenia, and cytokine release syndrome, which occurred in approximately …

Adapt-Marketplace - A Web-Application For Xml-Based Template Sharing In Radiation Oncology, Dennis N Stanley, Joseph Harms, Gaurav N Rathi, Joel A Pogue, Ritish Nedunoori, John B Fiveash, Richard A Popple, Carlos E Cardenas

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: The adaption of radiotherapy (RT) plans in response to anatomical and physiological changes during treatment marks a significant shift toward personalized cancer care. However, the complexity of Online Adaptive Radiotherapy (OART) procedures often leads to variability in treatment quality across institutions. The development of planning templates, particularly through the Ethos treatment planning system (TPS) and Intelligent Optimization Engine (IOE) (Varian Medical Systems, Palo Alto, CA), plays a crucial role in standardizing and streamlining OART. To address the challenges of sharing and optimizing treatment templates across diverse clinical environments, we developed the ADaptive rAdiotherapy Planning Template (ADAPT-) Marketplace to facilitate …

Covid-19-Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis In Mechanically Ventilated Patients At 7 Us Hospitals: Epidemiology And Estimated Likelihood Of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis-Results Of The Prospective Msg-017 Study, M Hong Nguyen, Sixto M Leal, Luis Ostrosky-Zeichner, Andrej Spec, George R Thompson, Thomas F Patterson, John Baddley, Rachel Mcmullen, Drashti Shah, Cornelius J Clancy, Gerald Mcgwin, Peter G Pappas

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: There is no prospective, US multicenter study of COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA). CAPA definitions do not differentiate invasive aspergillosis (IPA) from colonization. Validity of single mycologic test results is unclear.

METHODS: We performed a prospective 7-center US study of mechanically ventilated adults with COVID-19 (April 2021-May 2022). Mycoses Study Group (MSGERC) CAPA criteria include host and clinical factors, imaging and test results (histopathology; bronchoalveolar lavage [BAL] culture and/or BAL or serum galactomannan-immunoassay). Proven, putative, and unlikely IPA were defined by clinical criteria. CAPA-unlikely IPA criteria included survival or negative autopsy following no/limited antifungal treatment. IPA likelihood was estimated using …

Increasing Birth-Dose Hepatitis B Vaccination In Nigeria: Qualitative Analysis Of Data From A Crowdsourcing Open Call, Sonam J Shah, Maria Afadapa, Nkiruka Obodoechina, Olufunto A Olusanya, Temitope Ojo, Dawit Alemu, Juliet Iwelunmor, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Despite World Health Organization and Nigerian recommendations for hepatitis B birth-dose (HepB-BD) vaccination, only one-third of Nigerian newborns receive timely HepB-BD vaccination, This study identified facilitators to increasing HepB-BD vaccination based on data from a crowdsourcing open call in Nigeria.

METHODS: Our team conducted an open call across Nigeria for teams to submit ideas on how to increase HepB-BD vaccination. Independent judges evaluated the submissions based on predefined criteria. We analyzed textual data from the top 29 entries using iterative coding and thematic analysis within a socioecological model to identify priority facilitators.

RESULTS: The open call received 362 total …

Genetic Structuring And Estimation Of Reproductive Adults In Onchocerca Volvulus: A Genome-Wide Analysis Across Hosts And Regions, Pawan Kumar, Young-Jun Choi, Kerstin Fischer, Shannon M. Hedtke, Anusha Kode, Nicholas Opoku, Lincoln Gankpala, Tony O. Ukety, Jöel Lonema Mande, Timothy J. C. Anderson, Warwick N. Grant, Peter U. Fischer, Makedonka Mitreva

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Genomic analysis of parasites can deepen our understanding of their transmission, population structure, and important biological characteristics. Onchocerciasis (river blindness), caused by the parasitic nematode Onchocerca volvulus, involves adult worms residing in subcutaneous nodules that produce larval-stage microfilariae (mf), which are routinely detected in the skin for diagnosis. Whole-genome studies of mf are limited; most analyses have focused on the mitochondrial genome. We conducted a genome-wide analysis with 94% median nuclear genome coverage, analyzing 171, 37, and 98 mf from 16, 3, and 5 individuals from Ghana, Liberia, and the Democratic Republic of Congo, respectively. These data were used to …

Unmet Needs Of Adults Living With Mucopolysaccharidosis Ii: Data From The Hunter Outcome Survey, Joseph Muenzer, Hernan Amartino, Roberto Giugliani, Paul Harmatz, Shuan-Pei Lin, Bianca Link, David Molter, Uma Ramaswami, Maurizio Scarpa, Jaco Botha, Jennifer Audi, Barbara K Burton

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Mucopolysaccharidosis II (MPS II) is a rare, life-limiting lysosomal storage disease caused by deficient iduronate-2-sulfatase activity. The current standard of care for MPS II is intravenous enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), which has been shown to improve somatic signs and symptoms and to increase life expectancy by approximately 12 years. This study reported on the somatic disease burden and clinical requirements of adult male patients in the Hunter Outcome Survey (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03292887).

RESULTS: Of the 373 patients in the analysis, 88 (23.6%) had cognitive impairment and 332 (89.0%) had received ERT. Almost half of all ERT-treated patients (47.0%) had …

Native Nucleosomes Intrinsically Encode Genome Organization Principles, Sangwoo Park, Raquel Merino-Urteaga, Violetta Karwacki-Neisius, Gustavo Ezequiel Carrizo, Advait Athreya, Alberto Marin-Gonzalez, Nils A Benning, Jonghan Park, Michelle M Mitchener, Natarajan V Bhanu, Benjamin A Garcia, Bin Zhang, Tom W Muir, Erika L Pearce, Taekjip Ha

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The eukaryotic genome is packed into nucleosomes of 147 base pairs around a histone core and is organized into euchromatin and heterochromatin, corresponding to the A and B compartments, respectively

Dna Methylation Epitypes Of Burkitt Lymphoma With Distinct Molecular And Clinical Features, Nicole Thomas, Nancy L Bartlett, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

UNLABELLED: The genetic subtypes of Burkitt lymphoma have been defined, but the role of epigenetics remains to be comprehensively characterized. We searched genomic DNA from 218 patients across four continents for recurrent DNA methylation patterns and their associations with clinical and molecular features. We identified DNA methylation patterns that were not fully explained by the Epstein-Barr virus status or mutation status, leading to two epitypes described here as HypoBL and HyperBL. Each is characterized by distinct genomic and clinical features including global methylation, mutation burden, aberrant somatic hypermutation, and survival outcomes. Methylation, gene expression, and mutational differences between the epitypes …

Robust Photogrammetric Scalp Morphology Estimation For Functional Optical Neuroimaging, Abigail L Magee, Calamity Svoboda, Tessa G George, Alvin A Agato, Edward J Richter, Joseph P Culver, Adam T Eggebrecht

2020-Current year OA Pubs

SIGNIFICANCE: Optical functional neuroimaging relies upon accurate anatomical models to provide optimal data registration and image reconstruction.

AIM: We establish and validate a robust photogrammetric algorithm for scalp morphology that utilizes 3-dimensional (3D) imaging with a photogrammetric cap to provide individualized scalp morphology estimation through hair in the absence of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

APPROACH: The scalp morphology estimation uses a flexible, neoprene cap and 3D-printed photogrammetric modules with fiducials. We create a sparse scalp sampling and align the MNI152 atlas to generate the scalp morphology estimation. We used the international 10 to 20 electroencephalogram positions for alignment and calculated …

Where Should The Cancer Control Interventions Target: A Geospatial Hotspot Analysis For Major Cancer Mortality 2018 To 2022 In The United States, Chongliang Luo, Saira Khan, Liyan Jin, Aimee S James, Graham A Colditz, Bettina F Drake

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Identifying changes in geographic disparities of cancer mortality reveals locations where cancer prevention and control efforts should be focused/targeted. We use recent cancer surveillance data to demonstrate the geographic disparity of major cancer mortality rates in the United States and its shift compared with previous data.

METHODS: This cross-sectional study used the 2018 to 2022 county-level mortality rates of colorectal, lung, breast, and prostate cancers from the Centers for Disease Control mortality data. Counties with suppressed death counts were imputed by spatial regression models. Getis-Ord Gi* statistics were used to evaluate the spatial clustering of county mortality. Identified hotspot …

History Of Hypoxia Exposure Aids Future Cell Invasion According To Cell Type And Collagen Density, José A Almeida, Diego B Avila, Gregory D Longmore, Amit Pathak

2020-Current year OA Pubs

In cancer progression, tumor microenvironments (TME) progressively become denser and hypoxic, and cell migrate toward higher oxygen levels as they invade across the tumor-stromal boundary. Although cell invasion dependence on optimal collagen density is well appreciated, it remains unclear whether past oxygen conditions alter future invasion phenotype of cells. Here, we show that normal human mammary epithelial cells (MCF10A) and leader-like human breast tumor cells (BT549) undergo higher rates of invasion and collagen deformation after past exposure to hypoxia, compared with normoxia controls. Upon increasing collagen density by ∼50%, cell invasion under normoxia reduced, as expected due to the increased …

First-Trimester Antibiotic Use For Urinary Tract Infection And Risk Of Congenital Malformations, Sarah S Osmundson, Katelin B Nickel, Susan M. Shortreed, Sascha Dublin, Dustin Stwalley, Michael J Durkin, Paige D Wartko, John M Sahrmann, Ryan Colvin, Anne M Butler

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: Clinical guidelines recommend screening and treating bacteriuria in early pregnancy given that urinary tract infections (UTIs) can cause serious maternal and neonatal consequences. Evidence regarding antibiotic exposure during early pregnancy and risk of congenital malformations is limited and inconsistent.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the risk of congenital malformations following first-trimester exposure to different antibiotic agents used to treat UTI.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This population-based cohort study included commercially insured pregnant individuals aged 15 to 49 years who were treated for UTI and linked liveborn infants in the Merative MarketScan Commercial Database (2006-2022).

EXPOSURE: First-trimester antibiotic prescription fill of nitrofurantoin, …

Dynamic Postural Stability And Asymmetry In Thigh Circumference And Single-Leg Hop Test Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction, Aguri Kamitani, Derrick M Knapik, Matthew V Smith, John Motley, Sina Tartibi, Amanda Haas, Rick Wright, Matthew J Matava, Robert H Brophy

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: To evaluate changes in limb symmetry index (LSI) in thigh circumference and single-leg hop for distance (SLHD) after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) out to 18 months postoperatively and their association to changes in dynamic postural stability after ACLR out to 24 months.

METHODS: Patients were prospectively enroled after ACLR and followed up at 3-month intervals. Thigh circumference was measured preoperatively out to 18 months postoperatively, dynamic postural stability out to 24 months, and SLHD from 6 to 18 months following ACLR. LSI was calculated from the thigh circumference and SLHD measurements. Dynamic postural stability (DPS) was measured on …

Effect Of A Pay-It-Forward Strategy On Reducing Hpv Vaccine Delay And Increasing Uptake Among 15- To 18-Year-Old Girls In China: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Jing Li, Elvin H. Geng, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Catch-up human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is challenging in many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Pay-it-forward offers an individual a subsidized vaccine, then an opportunity to donate to help others access vaccinations. Our randomized control trial assessed the effectiveness of pay-it-forward in improving HPV vaccination among girls aged 15-18 years in China.

METHODS AND FINDINGS: This study was conducted from July 6, 2022, to June 9, 2023, in four community health centers (CHCs) in Chengdu, western China. Eligible participants were unvaccinated girls living in the service areas of CHCs. Participants were initially recruited via telephone and, after providing verbal consent, …

Landscape Of Cancer Associated Epcam Mutations: Molecular Modeling, Predictive Insights And Impact On Patient Survival, Priyanka S Dhotare, Audrey C Bochi-Layec, Timothy P Fleming, William E Gillanders, Ross M Bremner, Kailas D Sonawane, Narendra V Sankpal

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: EpCAM (epithelial cell adhesion molecule) is a key regulator of epithelial cell-cell adhesion, signal transduction, tissue regeneration, and serves as a stem cell marker. It is frequently overexpressed in epithelial cancers and is linked to tumor progression, survival, and metastasis. However, the functional impact of EpCAM mutations in cancer remains poorly understood.

METHODS: To investigate the role of EpCAM mutations, we performed a comprehensive analysis of cancer cohorts from multiple genomic datasets, identifying novel somatic EpCAM mutations across diverse epithelial cancers. Using bioinformatics tools (SIFT, PolyPhen-2, Mutation Assessor) and molecular modeling, we assessed the potential impact of these mutations. …

High-Frequency, At-Home Monitoring Of Drug Safety And Tolerability In Clinical Trials: Results From Studies Of Fluvoxamine For Covid-19 Treatment, Eric J Lenze, Madeline Nykamp, J Philip Miller, Angela Stevens, Julia Schweiger, Torie Gettinger, Michael Yingling, Yi Zhang, Ginger E Nicol, Charles F Zorumski, Angela M Reiersen

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Clinical trials are increasingly using remote monitoring techniques at the patient's home. We conducted a secondary analysis of remote safety and tolerability monitoring from two fully-remote clinical trials that tested fluvoxamine for the acute treatment of COVID-19. Both trials assessed pulse and blood pressure daily, and one study assessed symptoms daily via Ecological Momentary Assessment. On average, patients provided data on vital signs on 93% of the study days and provided data on side effects on 81% of the study days. With respect to safety, patients taking fluvoxamine had reduced pulse rate compared to placebo, with the greatest difference-5 points-at …

Clinical Evaluation Of The Healgen Rapid Covid-19 Antigen Test As A Point-Of-Care Diagnostic Tool, Stephen A Young, Hua Zhang, Jose Rodriguez, David Mishkin, Ward Paine, Li Seyfried, Latisha Hargrove, Dennis L Broyles, Chermaen Lindberg, Anurag Purushothaman, Stacey House

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Development of readily available Rapid COVID-19 Antigen tests essential for promptly identifying SARS-CoV2 infection and preventing its spread.

METHODS: This study evaluated the clinical performance of the Healgen Rapid COVID-19 antigen test as a point-of-care diagnostic tool with 806 evaluable subjects who were within 6 days post-symptom onset. The results from the Healgen test were compared to the results from Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) approved SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR tests.

RESULTS: Out of the 806 evaluable subjects, 140 tested positive and 640 tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 with the Healgen COVID-19 test, showing good agreement with the EUA RT-PCR results. There were …

Reference Range Determination For The Sflt-1/Plgf Ratio In A Diverse Cohort Of Pregnant Women In The United States, Antonio F Saad, David M Haas, Eugene Chang, Scott A Shainker, Miriah Denbo, Michelle Silasi, George Saade, Sarosh Rana, Tetsuya Kawakita, Luis D Pacheco, Jennifer Powers Carson, Angela Dietl, Deirdre Allegranza, Ge Guo, David Stamilio

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: The serum soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) to placental growth factor (PlGF) ratio is an established tool for predicting preeclampsia in many countries but is not widely adopted in the United States. This study aimed to determine reference ranges for the Elecsys® sFlt-1/PlGF ratio and the sFlt-1 and PlGF immunoassays (Roche Diagnostics International Ltd) in a diverse US population of healthy pregnant women.

METHODS: This was a prospective, noninterventional sample and data collection study performed between November 2022 and November 2023 at 9 collection sites and one measurement site in the United States. Evaluable women were ≥18 years old, …

Integrating Nonindividual Patient Features In Machine Learning Models Of Hospital-Onset Bacteremia, M Cristina Vazquez-Guillamet, Jingwen Zhang, Alice Bewley, Andrew Atkinson, Heidi Holtz, Ziqian Wang, Nicole Brougham, Chenyang Lu, Marin H Kollef, Philip Payne, David Warren, Victoria J Fraser

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: Hospital-onset bacteremia and fungemia (HOB) are common and potentially preventable complications of hospital care.

OBJECTIVE: To assess whether nonindividual patient features, which summarize interactions with other patients and health care workers (HCWs), can contribute to predictive and causal machine learning models for HOB.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This prognostic study included adult patients admitted to Barnes-Jewish Hospital, an academic hospital in St Louis, Missouri, in 2021. Analyses were developed between October 2023 and August 2024 and in April 2025.

EXPOSURE: Individual patient features were extracted from electronic health records and used to engineer nonpatient features, including interactions with HCWs …

Postoperative Delirium In Older Adults Undergoing Noncardiac Surgery, Heather L Lander, Andrew W Dick, Karen E Joynt Maddox, Mark A Oldham, Lee A Fleisher, Michael Mazzeffi, Stewart J Lustik, Jingjing Shang, Patricia W Stone, Marjorie S Gloff, Jacob Nadler, Isaac Wu, Raymond Zollo, Laurent G Glance

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: Understanding the association of postoperative delirium with adverse outcomes and the hospital-level variation of postoperative delirium is important for efforts to improve perioperative brain health.

OBJECTIVE: To examine (1) the association of postoperative delirium with 30-day mortality and complications and (2) hospital-level variation in postoperative delirium.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This retrospective cohort study examined hospitalizations among patients aged 65 years and older who underwent noncardiac surgery in US hospitals between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2020. Data were analyzed between August 28, 2024, and April 10, 2025.

EXPOSURE: Postoperative delirium.

MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The association of …

Distinct Patterns Of Weight Gain, Age, And Subcortical Microstructure In Early Adolescence, Shana Adise, Zhaolong Adrian Li, Jonatan Ottino-González, Filip Morys, Peter A Chiarelli, Tamara Hershey

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: Associations between childhood obesity and brain microstructural differences have been observed. It remains unknown whether these associations are driven by sex-specific excessive weight gain. Restriction spectrum imaging characterizes brain tissue microstructural health via water diffusion, where the restricted normalized isotropic (RNI) compartment assesses neuronal and glial cellularity, which may reflect neuroinflammation, synaptic pruning, or both.

OBJECTIVE: To identify associations among RNI scaling factor values, normal neurodevelopment, and weight gain during early adolescence.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cohort study used data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study, a 10-year, ongoing, multisite longitudinal cohort study conducted among youths …

Utility Of The Us Preventive Services Task Force For Preeclampsia Risk Assessment And Aspirin Prophylaxis, Thomas F Mcelrath, Antonina I Frolova, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) guidelines on preeclampsia risk assessment and aspirin prophylaxis (AP) have not been evaluated for clinical utility.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate which characteristics in the USPSTF guidelines identify risk status and the association of preeclampsia risk with AP recommendations.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This observational cohort study enrolled from July 2020 to March 2023 with data analysis performed from October to December 2024. Enrollment occurred at 11 centers throughout the US or via direct-to-participant recruitment. Pregnant participants aged 18 years or older with a singleton pregnancy less than 22 weeks' gestation were selected via …

Phospho-Rpa2 Predicts Response To Platinum And Parp Inhibitors In Homologous Recombination-Proficient Ovarian Cancer, Angela Schab, Amanda Compadre, Rebecca Drexler, Megan Loeb, Kevin Rodriguez, Joshua Brill, Carmen Sandoval, Brooke Sanders, Lindsay Kuroki, Carolyn Mccourt, Andrea R. Hagemann, Premal Thaker, David Mutch, Matthew Powell, Ian S. Hagemann, Lulu Sun, Priyanka Verma, Elena Lomonosova, Dineo Khabele, Mary M. Mullen, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUNDTreatment of tubo-ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) includes cytoreductive surgery, platinum-based chemotherapy, and often poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. While homologous recombination (HR) deficiency is a well-established predictor of therapy sensitivity, over 50% of HR-proficient HGSCs also exhibit sensitivity. Currently, there are no biomarkers to identify which HR-proficient HGSCs will be sensitive to standard-of-care therapy. Replication stress may serve as a key determinant of response.METHODSWe evaluated phospho-RPA2-T21 (p-RPA2) foci via immunofluorescence as a biomarker of replication stress in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded HGSC samples collected at diagnosis from patients treated with platinum chemotherapy (discovery cohort, n = 31; validation cohort, n = 244) …

Evaluation Of Internally Cooled Radiofrequency Ablation Targeting Multiple Shoulder Nerves For Chronic Shoulder Pain Relief And Function Restoration: A Prospective Study, Mitsukuni Yoshida, Peter K Park, Loc V Thang

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: Shoulder pain is a prevalent musculoskeletal disorder, affecting up to 70% of adults over their lifetimes. Recently, radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has gained attention as a treatment for joint pain. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of internally cooled RFA (icRFA) in alleviating shoulder pain and improving both qualitative and quantitative measures of shoulder function.

DESIGN: Prospective cohort study.

SUBJECTS: Patients with chronic shoulder pain (n = 35) who responded positively to diagnostic blocks of the suprascapular nerve (SSN), axillary nerve (AN), and lateral pectoral nerve (LPN).

METHODS: Patients underwent icRFA targeting the SSN, AN, and LPN. Treatment response …