Digital Commons Network^™

Nab-Paclitaxel/Xarboplatin In Vulnerable Populations With Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Pooled Analysis, Corey J Langer, Ajeet Gajra, Cesare Gridelli, Kartik Konduri, Daniel Morgensztern, David Spigel, Denis Talbot, Michael Thomas, Jared Weiss, Richard Pilot, Rafia Bhore, Marianne Wolfsteiner, Teng Jin Ong, Mark Socinski

Open Access Publications

Introduction: Despite improvements in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), certain patient populations remain underrepresented in clinical trials. Many patients have benefited from platinum doublets, including

Methods: To better understand outcomes in these patient populations, we performed a pooled analysis using data from the ABOUND clinical trial program (ABOUND.SQM, ABOUND.PS2, ABOUND.70+) and the key phase III trial of

Results: Median progression-free survival (PFS) ranged from 4.1 months in patients with ECOG PS 2 (95% CI, 2.04-5.09 months) to 7.7 months in patients with diabetes (95% CI, 5.88-10.12 months). PFS for elderly patients and patients with renal impairment …

The Cartilage Matrisome In Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis, Carol A. Wise, Diane Sepich, Aki Ushiki, Anas M. Khanshour, Yared H. Kidane, Nadja Makki, Christina A. Gurnett, Ryan S. Gray, Jonathan J. Rios, Nadav Ahituv, Lila Solnica-Krezel

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Design And Rationale Of The Hapin Study: A Multicountry Randomized Controlled Trial To Assess The Effect Of Liquefied Petroleum Gas Stove And Continuous Fuel Distribution, Thomas Clasen, Victor G. Davila-Roman, Et Al.

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Ancestry Specific Associations Of Fto Gene Variant And Metabolic Syndrome: A Longitudinal Aric Study, Dale S. Hardy, Jane T. Garvin, Tesfaye B. Mersha, Susan B. Racette

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Eflornithine Plus Sulindac For Prevention Of Progression In Familial Adenomatous Polyposis, Carol A. Burke, Paul E. Wise, Et Al

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Adherence To Updated Childcare Nutrition Regulations In Colorado, United States, Amy A Eyler, Cheryl R Valko, Katherine A Curoe, Ramya Ramadas, Jamie F Chriqui

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

The Tethering Function Of Mitofusin2 Controls Osteoclast Differentiation By Modulating The Ca2+–Nfatc1 Axis, Anna Ballard, Rong Zeng, Allahdad Zarei, Christine Shao, Linda Cox, Hui Yan, Antonietta Franco, Gerald W. Dorn Ii, Roberta Faccio, Deborah J. Veis

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

A Prospective Study Of Weight Gain In Women Diagnosed With Early-Stage Invasive Breast Cancer, Ductal Carcinoma In Situ, And Women Without Breast Cancer, Christine C. Ekenga, Xiaoyan Wang, Maria Pérez, Mario Schootman, Donna B. Jeffe

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

The De-Implementation And Persistence Of Low-Value Hiv Prevention Interventions In The United States: A Cross-Sectional Study, Virginia R Mckay, Todd B Combs, M Margaret Dolcini, Ross C Brownson

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: As more effective or efficient interventions emerge out of scientific advancement to address a particular public health issue, it may be appropriate to de-implement low-value interventions, or interventions that are less effective or efficient. Furthermore, factors that contribute to appropriate de-implementation are not well identified. We examined the extent to which low-value interventions were de-implemented among public health organizations providing HIV prevention services, as well as explored socio-economic, organizational, and intervention characteristics associated with de-implementation.

METHODS: We conducted an online cross-sectional survey from the fall of 2017 to the spring of 2019 with organizations (

RESULTS: Organizations reported 359 …

Early Diagnosis And Intervention In Cystic Fibrosis: Imagining The Unimaginable, Andrea M Coverstone, Thomas W Ferkol

Open Access Publications

Cystic fibrosis is the most common life-shortening genetic disease affecting Caucasians, clinically manifested by fat malabsorption, poor growth and nutrition, and recurrent sinopulmonary infections. Newborn screening programs for cystic fibrosis are now implemented throughout the United States and in many nations worldwide. Early diagnosis and interventions have led to improved clinical outcomes for people with cystic fibrosis. Newer cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator potentiators and correctors with mutation-specific effects have increasingly been used in children, and these agents are revolutionizing care. Indeed, it is possible that highly effective modulator therapy used early in life could profoundly affect the trajectory of …

Identifying Barriers, Facilitators, And Implementation Strategies For A Faith-Based Physical Activity Program, Jessica Haughton, Michelle L Takemoto, Jennifer Schneider, Steven P Hooker, Borsika Rabin, Ross C Brownson, Elva M Arredondo

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: Community engagement is critical to the acceleration of evidence-based interventions into community settings. Harnessing the knowledge and opinions of community leaders increases the likelihood of successful implementation, scale-up, and sustainment of evidence-based interventions.

METHODS: We conducted in-depth interviews using a semi-structured interview guide based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) at various Catholic and Protestant churches with large Latino membership in San Diego County, California to explore barriers and facilitators to implementation of

RESULTS: Pastors and church staff described barriers and facilitators to implementation within three domains of CFIR: characteristics of individuals (lack of self-efficacy for and …

Macrophage Lc3-Associated Phagocytosis Is An Immune Defense Against Streptococcus Pneumoniae That Diminishes With Host Aging, Megumi Inomata, Shuying Xu, Pallavi Chandra, Simin N. Meydani, Genzou Takemura, Jennifer A. Philips, John M. Leong

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Striatal Dopamine Responses To Feeding Are Altered In People With Obesity, Sarah A. Eisenstein, Kevin J. Black, Amjad Samara, Jonathan M. Koller, Julia P. Dunn, Tamara Hershey, Samuel Klein, Gordon I. Smith

Psychiatry Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Bjc Today

BJC Today

No abstract provided.

Physician Attitudes Towards-And Adoption Of-Mobile Health, Tracie Kong, Mary Morgan Scott, Yang Li, Cynthia Wichelman

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: Smartphone apps and mobile devices are an emerging method of healthcare data collection. This study sought to understand how physicians currently view mobile health (mHealth) technologies and use them in patient care.

METHODS: A total of 186 physicians affiliated with Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri, USA completed a survey in 2016 regarding their current implementation of mHealth technologies for patient care and support for further development.

RESULTS: More than half of respondents were willing to discuss health apps and mobile devices with patients. However, most were not currently recommending them to patients. Apps/devices that encouraged …

Innate Immune Receptor Nod2 Mediates Lgr5+ Intestinal Stem Cell Protection Against Ros Cytotoxicity Via Mitophagy Stimulation, Antonin Levy, Aline Stedman, Eric Deutsch, Françoise Donnadieu, Herbert W. Virgin, Philippe J. Sansonetti, Giulia Nigro

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Gene-By-Gene Interactions Associated With The Risk Of Conotruncal Heart Defects, Chen Lyu, Daniel M Webber, Stewart L Macleod, Charlotte A Hobbs, Ming Li, National Birth Defects Prevention Study

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: The development of conotruncal heart defects (CTDs) involves a complex relationship among genetic variants and maternal lifestyle factors. In this article, we focused on the interactions between 13 candidate genes within folate, homocysteine, and transsulfuration pathways for potential association with CTD risk.

METHODS: Targeted sequencing was used for 328 case-parental triads enrolled in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS). To evaluate the interaction of two genes, we applied a conditional logistic regression model for all possible SNP pairs within two respective genes by contrasting the affected infants with their pseudo-controls. The findings were replicated in an independent sample …

Identifying Determinants Of Bacterial Fitness In A Model Of Human Gut Microbial Succession, Lihui Feng, Arjun S. Raman, Matthew C. Hibberd, Jiye Cheng, Nicholas W. Griffin, Yangqing Peng, Semen A. Leyn, Dmitry A. Rodionov, Andrei L. Osterman, Jeffrey I. Gordon

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Uterine Natural Killer Cell Heterogeneity: Lessons From Mouse Models, Dorothy K Sojka

Open Access Publications

Natural killer (NK) cells are the most abundant lymphocytes at the maternal-fetal interface. Epidemiological data implicate NK cells in human pregnancy outcomes. Discoveries using mouse NK cells have guided subsequent advances in human NK cell biology. However, it remains challenging to identify mouse and human uterine NK (uNK) cell function(s) because of the dynamic changes in the systemic-endocrinological and local uterine structural microenvironments during pregnancy. This review discusses functional similarities and differences between mouse and human NK cells at the maternal-fetal interface.

Genomic Prediction Of Alcohol-Related Morbidity And Mortality, Tuomo Kiiskinen, Nina J. Mars, Teemu Palviainen, Jukka Koskela, Joel T. Rämö, Pietari Ripatti, Sanni Ruotsalainen, Finngen, Gscan Consortium, Aarno Palotie, Pamela A.F. Madden, Richard J. Rose, Jaakko Kaprio, Veikko Salomaa, Pia Mäkelä, Aki S. Havulinna, Samuli Ripatti

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

A Framework For Applying Natural Language Processing In Digital Health Interventions, Burkhardt Funk, Shiri Sadeh-Sharvit, Ellen E Fitzsimmons-Craft, Mickey Todd Trockel, Grace E Monterubio, Neha J Goel, Katherine N Balantekin, Dawn M Eichen, Rachael E Flatt, Marie-Laure Firebaugh, Corinna Jacobi, Andrea K Graham, Mark Hoogendoorn, Denise E Wilfley, C Barr Taylor

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: Digital health interventions (DHIs) are poised to reduce target symptoms in a scalable, affordable, and empirically supported way. DHIs that involve coaching or clinical support often collect text data from 2 sources: (1) open correspondence between users and the trained practitioners supporting them through a messaging system and (2) text data recorded during the intervention by users, such as diary entries. Natural language processing (NLP) offers methods for analyzing text, augmenting the understanding of intervention effects, and informing therapeutic decision making.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to present a technical framework that supports the automated analysis of both types of …

Insulin Resistance Drives Hepatic De Novo Lipogenesis In Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Gordon I Smith, Mahalakshmi Shankaran, Mihoko Yoshino, George G Schweitzer, Maria Chondronikola, Joseph W Beals, Adewole L Okunade, Bruce W Patterson, Edna Nyangau, Tyler Field, Claude B Sirlin, Saswata Talukdar, Marc K Hellerstein, Samuel Klein

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUNDAn increase in intrahepatic triglyceride (IHTG) is the hallmark feature of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and is decreased by weight loss. Hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) contributes to steatosis in individuals with NAFLD. The physiological factors that stimulate hepatic DNL and the effect of weight loss on hepatic DNL are not clear.METHODSHepatic DNL, 24-hour integrated plasma insulin and glucose concentrations, and both liver and whole-body insulin sensitivity were determined in individuals who were lean (n = 14), obese with normal IHTG content (n = 26), or obese with NAFLD (n = 27). Hepatic DNL was assessed using the deuterated …

The Long-Term Effects Of A Family Based Economic Empowerment Intervention (Suubi+Adherence) On Suppression Of Hiv Viral Loads Among Adolescents Living With Hiv In Southern Uganda: Findings From 5-Year Cluster Randomized Trial, Fred M. Ssewamala, Darejan Dvalishvili, Claude A. Mellins, Elvin H. Geng, Fredderick Makumbi, Torsten B. Neilands, Mary Mckay, Christopher Damulira, Proscovia Nabunya, Ozge Sensoy Bahar, Gertrude Nakigozi, Godfrey Kigozi, William Byansi, Miriam Mukasa, Flavia Namuwonge

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: The rapid scale-up of HIV therapy across Africa has failed to adequately engage adolescents living with HIV (ALWHIV). Retention and viral suppression for this group (ALWHIV) is 50% lower than for adults. Indeed, on the African continent, HIV remains the single leading cause of mortality among adolescents. Strategies tailored to the unqiue developmental and social vulnerabilities of this group are urgently needed to enhance successful treatment.

METHODS: We carried out a five-year longitudinal cluster randomized trial (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT01790373) with adolescents living with HIV (ALWHIV) ages 10 to 16 years clustered at health care clinics to test the effect …

Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Flexible-Dose Titration Study Of Methylphenidate Hydrochloride Extended-Release Capsules (Aptensio Xr) In Preschool Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Ann C. Childress, Scott H. Kollins, Henry C. Foehl, Jeffrey H. Newcorn, Greg Mattingly, Robert J. Kupper, Akwete L. Adjei

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Metabolic And Addiction Indices In Patients On Opioid Agonist Medication-Assisted Treatment: A Comparison Of Buprenorphine And Methadone, Igor Elman, Margaret Howard, Jacob T. Borodovsky, David Mysels, David Rott, David Borsook, Mark Albanese

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Family Encouragement Of Healthy Eating Predicts Child Dietary Intake And Weight Loss In Family-Based Behavioral Weight-Loss Treatment, Sophia A. Rotman, Lauren A. Fowler, Mary Katherine Ray, Richard I. Stein, Jacqueline F. Hayes, Rachel P. Kolko, Katherine N. Balantekin, Alexis Engel, Brian E. Saelens, R. Robinson Welch, Michael G. Perri, Leonard H. Epstein, Denise E. Wilfley

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Reporting Guidelines, Review Of Methodological Standards, And Challenges Toward Harmonization In Bone Marrow Adiposity Research. Report Of The Methodologies Working Group Of The International Bone Marrow Adiposity Society, Josefine Tratwal, Erica L Scheller, Et Al

Open Access Publications

The interest in bone marrow adiposity (BMA) has increased over the last decade due to its association with, and potential role, in a range of diseases (osteoporosis, diabetes, anorexia, cancer) as well as treatments (corticosteroid, radiation, chemotherapy, thiazolidinediones). However, to advance the field of BMA research, standardization of methods is desirable to increase comparability of study outcomes and foster collaboration. Therefore, at the 2017 annual BMA meeting, the International Bone Marrow Adiposity Society (BMAS) founded a working group to evaluate methodologies in BMA research. All BMAS members could volunteer to participate. The working group members, who are all active preclinical …

Influence Of Adiposity, Insulin Resistance, And Intrahepatic Triglyceride Content On Insulin Kinetics, Gordon I Smith, David C Polidori, Mihoko Yoshino, Monica L Kearney, Bruce W Patterson, Bettina Mittendorfer, Samuel Klein

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUNDInsulin is a key regulator of metabolic function. The effects of excess adiposity, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis on the complex integration of insulin secretion and hepatic and extrahepatic tissue extraction are not clear.METHODSA hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp and a 3-hour oral glucose tolerance test were performed to evaluate insulin sensitivity and insulin kinetics after glucose ingestion in 3 groups: (a) lean subjects with normal intrahepatic triglyceride (IHTG) and glucose tolerance (lean-NL; n = 14), (b) obese subjects with normal IHTG and glucose tolerance (obese-NL; n = 24), and (c) obese subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and prediabetes (obese-NAFLD; n …

Proactive Prevention: Act Now To Disrupt The Impending Non-Communicable Disease Crisis In Low-Burden Populations, Benson Njuguna, Angela Brown, Victor G. Davila-Roman, Et Al.

Open Access Publications

Non-communicable disease (NCD) prevention efforts have traditionally targeted high-risk and high-burden populations. We propose an alteration in prevention efforts to also include emphasis and focus on low-risk populations, predominantly younger individuals and low-prevalence populations. We refer to this approach as "proactive prevention." This emphasis is based on the priority to put in place policies, programs, and infrastructure that can disrupt the epidemiological transition to develop NCDs among these groups, thereby averting future NCD crises. Proactive prevention strategies can be classified, and their implementation prioritized, based on a 2-dimensional assessment: impact and feasibility. Thus, potential interventions can be categorized into a …

Temporary Abdominal Closure Is Associated With Increased Risk For Fungal Intra-Abdominal Infections In Trauma Patients, Christina X. Zhang, Rohit R. Rasane, Qiao Zhang, Ricardo A. Fonseca, Jose A. Aldana, Javier E. Rincon, Maya J. Sorini, Kelly M. Bochicchio, Jennifer M. Leonard, Obeid N. Ilahi, Grant V. Bochicchio

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.