Digital Commons Network^™

Barriers And Facilitators Of Implementing A Community Workshop Series To Mitigate Maternal-Child Food Insecurity: A Mixed-Methods Re-Aim Evaluation, Kristen Herlosky, Ana Baumann, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Community-led workshops offer promising health education models to advance maternal-child health equity by providing culturally congruent spaces for information sharing, resource access, and social support building. This study aimed to (1) document the participatory co-creation of a Community Workshop Series with topics across the Nurturing Care Framework domains (health, nutrition, early learning, security/safety, responsive caregiving) to mitigate maternal-child food insecurity, (2) evaluate CWS effectiveness in increasing participants' knowledge across the Nurturing Care Framework, and (3) identify CWS implementation barriers and facilitators.

METHODS: The study employed two-phases: Phase One engaged members of a Community Advisory Board in participatory research to …

Pathologist-Like Explainable Ai For Interpretable Gleason Grading In Prostate Cancer, Gesa Mittmann, Nidia Messias, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Gabaergic Interneurons Contribute To The Fatal Seizure Phenotype Of Cln2 Disease Mice, Keigo Takahashi, Nicholas R. Rensing, Elizabeth M. Eultgen, Letitia L. Williams, Sophie H. Wang, Hemanth R. Nelvagal, Steven Q. Le, Marie S. Roberts, Balraj Doray, Edward B. Han, Patricia I. Dickson, Michael Wong, Mark S. Sands, Jonathan D. Cooper

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The cellular etiology of seizures in CLN2 disease, a childhood-onset neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorder caused by a deficiency of tripeptidyl peptidase 1 (TPP1), remains elusive. Given that Cln2R207X/R207X mice display fatal spontaneous seizures and an early loss of several cortical GABAergic interneuron populations, we hypothesized that these 2 events might be causally related. To study the cell-autonomous effects of interneuron-specific TPP1 deficiency, we first generated transgenic mice expressing loxP-flanked lysosomal membrane-tethered TPP1 (TPP1LAMP1 mice) on the Cln2R207X/R207X genetic background, and then crossed TPP1LAMP1 mice with Vgat-Cre mice. These Vgat-Cre; TPP1LAMP1 mice accumulated storage material in cortical and striatal interneurons. Vgat-Cre; …

Transcriptional Responses Of Mouse Proximal Colon And Colonoids During Early Whipworm Infection, Hyeim Jung, Joseph F Urban, Bruce A Rosa, Makedonka Mitreva

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Trichuriasis, caused by the parasitic nematode

Hydroxyapatite Microspheres Induce Durable Pleurodesis And Are Rapidly Cleared By Pleural Osteoclasts, Yusuke Tanaka, Yuki Takahashi, Yuma Shindo, Lori B. Pitstick, Steven L. Teitelbaum, Wei Zou, Xiangning Wang, Jason C. Woods, Kathryn A. Wikenheiser-Brokamp, Francis X. Mccormack

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Talc pleurodesis is highly effective for preventing recurrence of pneumothorax and pleural effusion, but it can be complicated by dissemination, acute lung injury, lead exposure, and foreign body-induced chronic inflammation and pain. Our objective is to develop a safe, biodegradable, contaminant-free particle for pleurodesis. We used mouse models of pneumothorax and malignant pleural effusion to compare the efficacy and safety of pleurodesis with talc and hydroxyapatite microspheres (HAM). Intrapleural instillation of microspheres induced pleural adhesions, fibrosis, and symphysis as effectively as talc and resulted in more durable protection from experimental pneumothorax. HAM and talc both induced an osteoclastogenic, inflammatory, and …

Genomic Insights Into A Diarrheal Outbreak In Bangladesh Reveal Novel Etec Lineages And Expansion Of Cs23 Colonization Factor, Sadia Isfat Ara Rahman, James M Fleckenstein, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Enterotoxigenic

Estimated Waste Generation From 1 Million Basic Metabolic Panels: A Multisite U.S. Study, Seema Khattri Bhandari, Kwaku Twum, Erving T Laryea, Yaqing Du, Raeshun T Glover, Rachel G Brackbill, William Butler, Khushbu Patel, Christopher W Farnsworth, Christina C Pierre, Steven W Cotten, Joesph R Wiencek

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVES: Clinical laboratory operations consume large amounts of electricity and water and generate considerable quantities of solid waste. In this study, we quantified and compared the estimated solid waste produced from performing one million basic metabolic panels (BMPs) across five major high-throughput chemistry analyzer systems commonly used in the United States. Additionally, we estimated the carbon emissions associated with the electricity and water usage of each analyzer to better understand their environmental impact.

METHODS: Five academic medical centers each using a different clinical chemistry analyzer system, collected their respective annual vendor purchase data (January 2022-December 2022). Consumables including reagent cartridges, …

Performance Evaluation Of A Commercial Multiplex Pathogen Panel For Detection Of Bacteria In Sputum Specimens From Non-Icu Patients With Suspected Lower Respiratory Tract Infection, Madeline Gemoules, Tristan T Timbrook, Elizabeth Neuner, Rebekah E Dumm, Tamara Krekel

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Rapid diagnostic testing can improve pathogen detection and lead to targeted antibiotics. The BioFire FilmArray Pneumonia Panel (BFPP) is a multiplex PCR that has displayed strong concordance with traditional microbiologic techniques. However, most existing literature focuses on deep respiratory specimens, and there is sparse literature on performance in sputum specimens. This retrospective, single-center study included adult patients between 1 September 2022 and 31 August 2024 who had collection of a BFPP with standard of care (SOC) culture from a sputum specimen on a non-intensive care unit (ICU) floor or in the emergency department if admitted to a non-ICU floor. Out …

Fate Mapping Of Peripherally-Derived Macrophages After Traumatic Brain Injury In Mice Reveals A Long-Lasting Population With A Distinct Transcriptomic Signature, Maria Serena Paladini, Benjamin A Yang, Kristof A Torkenczy, Elma S Frias, Xi Feng, Karen Krukowski, Rene Sit, Maurizio Morri, Wendy Lam, Valentina Pedoia, Stefka Tyanova, Marco Colonna, Amber L Nolan, Susanna Rosi

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an environmental risk factor for dementia and long-term neurological deficits, posing a significant public health challenge. TBI-induced neuroinflammation involves both brain-resident microglia and peripheral monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs). Previous research has shown that MDMs contribute to the development of long-term memory deficits, yet their long-term behavior following brain infiltration remains unclear. To address this, our study uses two complementary fate-mapping mouse lines, CCR2-creERT2 and Ms4a3-cre, for precise and lasting tracking of MDMs in vivo. Here we show that MDMs persist in the brain for at least 8 months post-TBI in both male and female mice. MDMs …

Fiber Recruitment Drives A Phase Transition Of Cell Polarization At A Critical Cell Spacing In Matrix-Mediated Tissue Remodeling, Xiangjun Peng, Yuxuan Huang, Wenyu Kong, Yanan Du, Elliot L Elson, Xi-Qiao Feng, Guy M Genin

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Biological tissues exhibit sharp phase transitions where cells collectively transition from disordered to ordered states at critical densities. We demonstrate through bio-chemo-mechanical modeling that this emergent behavior arises from a nonmonotonic dependence on nonlinear extracellular matrix (ECM) mechanics: mechanical communication between cells is optimized at intermediate stiffness values where cells can both generate sufficient forces and create strain-stiffened tension bands in the ECM. This balance establishes a critical cell spacing threshold for cell-cell communication ([Formula: see text]100 to 200 [Formula: see text]m) that is conserved across experimental observations for a broad range of cell types and collagen densities. Our model …

Apoe-Calypse Tau: Apoe-Tau Synergy In Alzheimer's Disease, Matthew Paul Lennol, Chiara Bordier, Léana Kamelher, Jason D Ulrich, David M Holtzman, Maud Gratuze

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia, is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) in senile plaques and abnormally hyperphosphorylated tau proteins in neurofibrillary tangles. While much of the research has focused on Aβ, tau-mediated neurodegeneration is more closely associated with synaptic loss and cognitive decline in AD, emphasizing the need for a deeper understanding of tau pathology. In this context, the interaction between tau and APOE, particularly the main genetic risk factor for AD APOE ε4, remains underexplored. APOE encodes apolipoprotein E (apoE), a protein important in lipid metabolism. In addition to promoting Aβ deposition, emerging …

Investigation Of Lncrna Expression In Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Reveals A Linc01432-Celf2 Axis As An Inhibitor Of Apoptosis, Richa Mishra, Prasanth Thunuguntla, Dhanusha Duraiyan, Alani Perkin, Katelyn Bagwill, Savannah Gonzales, Catheryn Sizemore, Vanessa Brizuela, Jaiyana King, Stephen Daly, Yoon Jae Chang, Mahdote Abebe, Yash Rajana, Kelly Wichmann, Christ Enyan, Shruthi Rangineni, Mark Fiala, Julie Fortier, Reyka Jayasinghe, Mark Schroeder, Li Ding, Ravi Vij, John Dipersio, Jessica Silva-Fisher

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable malignancy of plasma cells, with over 35,000 new cases diagnosed annually in the United States. Despite an expanding arsenal of approved therapies, nearly all patients relapse, and mechanisms underlying disease progression remain poorly understood. In particular, the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in MM progression and treatment response is largely unexplored. To address this gap, we performed transcriptome sequencing of newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) patient samples and compared individuals with short progression-free survival (PFS; < 24 months) to those with prolonged PFS (>24 months) following standard first-line therapy. We identified 157 lncRNAs upregulated in patients with short PFS, and prioritized the …

Understanding The Role Of Street Medicine In Harm Reduction: A Case Study Of Street Medicine St. Louis, Ari Gzesh, Jeremiah S Truel, Danielle R Adams, Luke Zabotka, Sara Malone, Nathanial S Nolan

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Homelessness results from, and exacerbates, various social determinants of health, including poverty, racism, and inadequate healthcare access, which are further compounded by physical and mental health challenges. The street medicine movement seeks to address these disparities by providing direct medical care and harm reduction services to unsheltered homeless in low-barrier settings. The development of trust is critical to providing this form of care. Few studies have sought to understand the factors influencing trust development in street medicine encounters.

METHODS: This case study of Street Medicine St. Louis aims to explore the factors that influence trust and how trust development …

Mitochondrial Dysfunction And Lipid Dysregulation In Yeast Lacking Phosphatidylserine, Alaumy Joshi, Zakery N Baker, Rachel A Stanfield, Dimitris T Kalafatis, David J Pagliarini, Vishal M Gohil

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Mitochondrial membrane phospholipids impact mitochondrial structure and function by influencing the assembly and activity of membrane proteins. Although the specific roles of the three most abundant mitochondrial phospholipids, phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and cardiolipin (CL), have been extensively studied, the precise function of less abundant phosphatidylserine (PS) is not yet determined. Here, we used genetic and nutritional manipulation to engineer a set of yeast mutants, including a mutant completely devoid of PS, to assess its role in mitochondrial bioenergetics and lipid homeostasis. To circumvent the confounding effect of downstream PS products, PE and PC, we exogenously supplied ethanolamine that allows …

Cell Autonomous Microglia Defects In A Stem Cell Model Of Frontotemporal Dementia Tau, Abhirami K Iyer, Farzaneh S Mirfakhar, Miguel Minaya, Mariana Acquarone, Rama Krishna Koppisetti, Arun Renganathan, Shih-Feng You, Emma P Danhash, Kylie J Schache, Anthony Verbeck, Grant Galasso, Scott M Lee, Guangming Huang, Katherine J Miller, Jacob Marsh, Chihiro Sato, Celeste M Karch, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Neuronal dysfunction has been extensively studied as a central feature of neurodegenerative tauopathies. However, across neurodegenerative diseases, there is strong evidence for active involvement of immune cells like microglia in driving disease pathophysiology. Here, we demonstrate that MAPT mRNA and tau protein are expressed in microglia in human brains and in human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived microglia like cells (iMGLs). Using iMGLs harboring the MAPT IVS10 + 16 mutation and isogenic controls, we demonstrate that a tau mutation is sufficient to alter microglial transcriptional states. We discovered that MAPT IVS10 + 16 microglia exhibit cytoskeletal abnormalities, stalled phagocytosis, disrupted …

Succinate Dehydrogenase B (Sdhb) Overexpression With Enzymatic Dysfunction Defines A Distinct Subtype Of Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma, Miguel Esperança-Martins, Brian A Van Tine, Alliny C S Bastos, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

UNLABELLED: Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) remains one of the most clinically aggressive and poorly characterized soft-tissue sarcoma subtypes. To uncover distinctive molecular traits for UPS, a multiomics analysis of UPS compared with leiomyosarcoma (LMS) and liposarcoma (LPS) was performed. Transcriptomic profiling revealed that UPS exhibits overexpression of genes encoding succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) subunits, particularly SDHB, SDHC, and SDHD, distinguishing it from LMS and dedifferentiated LPS. This finding was validated using The Cancer Genome Atlas Sarcoma dataset. High SDHB expression in UPS was significantly associated with shorter overall survival, shorter recurrence-free survival, and shorter overall survival from the date of first …

Gender Trends In Professional Advancement Among Academic Pediatric Neurologists, Juliet K Knowles, Renée A Shellhaas, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Rev-Erbα Regulates Brain Nad+ Levels And Tauopathy Via An Nfil3-Cd38 Axis, Jiyeon Lee, Ryeonghwa Kang, Sohui Park, Ibrahim O Saliu, Minsoo Son, Jaymie R Voorhees, Julie M Dimitry, Elsa I Quillin, Brian V Lananna, Young-Ah Goo, Guoyan Zhao, Erik S Musiek, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD

Mapping The Geographic Distribution Of Dimorphic Mycoses Using A Us Commercial Insurance Database, Reid Goodman, Adriana M Rauseo, Samuel L Windham, Julio C Zuniga-Moya, William G Powderly, Andrej Spec, Patrick B Mazi

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: The dimorphic mycoses (DMs) histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, and coccidioidomycosis are classically thought to be geographically restricted to specific regions of the United States. The current scientific consensus is that these geographic boundaries are expanding, but the extent of this expansion remains uncertain.

METHODS: This study is a retrospective analysis of >21 million (annually) commercially insured individuals within the United States during 2007-2016. Diagnosis of histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis, and blastomycosis were identified using

RESULTS: There were 37 513 histoplasmosis, 14 987 coccidioidomycosis, and 2207 blastomycosis diagnoses during 2007-2016 within 387 Metropolitan Statistical Areas. DMs were consistently diagnosed outside their historical hyperendemic regions. …

Rtn4ip1 Is Required For The Final Stages Of Mitochondrial Complex I Assembly And Coq Biosynthesis, Monika Oláhová, Rachel M Guerra, Jack J Collier, Juliana Heidler, Kyle Thompson, Chelsea R White, Paulina Castañeda-Tamez, Alfredo Cabrera-Orefice, Robert N Lightowlers, Zofia M A Chrzanowska-Lightowlers, Alexander Galkin, Ilka Wittig, David J Pagliarini, Robert W Taylor

2020-Current year OA Pubs

A biochemical deficiency of mitochondrial complex I (CI) underlies approximately 30% of cases of primary mitochondrial disease, yet the inventory of molecular machinery required for CI assembly remains incomplete. We previously characterised patients with isolated CI deficiency caused by segregating variants in RTN4IP1, a gene that encodes a mitochondrial NAD(P)H oxidoreductase. Here, we demonstrate that RTN4IP1 deficiency causes a CI assembly defect in both patient fibroblasts and knockout cells, and report that RTN4IP1 is a bona fide CI assembly factor. Complexome profiling revealed accumulation of unincorporated ND5-module and impaired N-module production. RTN4IP1 patient fibroblasts also exhibited defective coenzyme Q biosynthesis, …

Hemodynamic Characteristics Of Dilated Ascending Aorta In Patients With Bicuspid Aortic Valve, Yu Xia, Xuehuan Zhang, Shuai Zhu, Suwei Chen, Wentao Dong, Zhuo Chen, Nan Zhang, Jiafu Ou, Junming Zhu, Duanduan Chen, Tie Zheng

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of aortic diameter on hemodynamic environment characteristics in patient with the bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) and dilated ascending aorta (AAo).

METHOD: In this study, an MRI of one BAV patient with 4.5 cm AAo was collected and numerical model was constructed. Based on the images, three additional anatomical models were constructed with different AAo sizes of 4.0 cm, 5.0 cm and 5.5 cm respectively, while the size and the geometry of other parts were fixed. Then hemodynamics in these four models was simulated numerically and the flow patterns and …

Direct-To-Unit, Single-Visit, Curative-Intent Online Adaptive Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy For Early-Stage Lung Adenocarcinoma, Farnoush Forghani, Kendall Kiser, Eric Laugeman, Yao Hao, Robbie Beckert, Julie Rolfingsmeier, Clifford Robinson, Thomas Mazur, Pamela Samson

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Advancements in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT)-guided radiotherapy (RT) platforms have created new frontiers in adaptive radiotherapy (ART). This report describes the novel application of single-fraction adaptive stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for a 66-year-old woman with lung adenocarcinoma for whom a conventional RT workflow was impractical due to advanced Parkinson's disease with uncontrolled tremors.

CASE PRESENTATION: The patient presented with a 2.4 cm spiculated nodule in the left upper lobe (LUL) diagnosed as stage 1A3 lung adenocarcinoma. She declined surgery, and local radiation oncologists deemed SBRT unsafe due to her tremors. Our team proposed a direct-to-unit, single-visit SBRT treatment …

Dissecting Real-World Memory Clinical Cohort Heterogeneity: Analysis Of Neuroanatomical Subtypes Using Hydra, Gordon Zhaoqi An, Yunchang Xie, Tammie L S Benzinger, Brian A Gordon, Aristeidis Sotiras

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: There is significant evidence for neuroanatomical heterogeneity in neurodegenerative disorders, which has been demonstrated predominantly through analyses of well-characterized research cohorts. Despite the known diversity in clinical presentations among patients attending memory clinics, studies exploring neuroanatomical heterogeneity in such clinically diverse groups remain sparse.

METHODS: To address this gap, we applied the semi-supervised Heterogeneity through Discriminative Analysis (HYDRA) (Neuroimage 145:346-364 2017) machine learning method to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from the Open Access Series of Imaging Studies (OASIS) (NeuroImage 26:102248 2020) to uncover patterns of neurostructural heterogeneity in memory clinic attendees. Cross-validation was used to assess clustering stability …

Using Implementation Mapping To Optimize The Impact Of Universal School Meals: A Type Iii Hybrid Implementation-Effectiveness Study Protocol, Gabriella M Mcloughlin, Angel Smith, Alex R Dopp, Resa Jones, Omar Martinez, Shiriki Kumanyika, Recai Yucel, Ross C Brownson, Jennifer Orlet Fisher

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Provision of government subsidized school meals at no charge to all students in income-eligible schools (Universal School Meals) is a critical policy approach to address food insecurity and risk for obesity in school-aged children. However, despite documented benefits, implementation challenges remain, which limit the uptake and associated impact of this provision. To ensure the longevity of this policy approach, equity-focused solutions that center the needs of those tasked with implementation and the most vulnerable Universal School Meals recipients are necessary. The aims of this study are to develop equity-focused implementation strategies and test them through a hybrid type III …

Do Complex Psychometric Analyses Really Matter? Comparing Multiple Approaches Using Individual Participant Data From Antidepressant Trials, David Byrne, Frank Doyle, Susan Brannick, Robert M Carney, Pim Cuijpers, Alexandra L Dima, Kenneth E Freedland, Suzanne Guerin, David Hevey, Bishember Kathuria, Emma Wallace, Fiona Boland

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Psychometric methods are used to remove underperforming items and reduce error in existing measures, albeit different approaches can produce different results. This study aimed to determine the implications of applying different psychometric methods for clinical trial outcomes.

METHODS: Individual participant data from 15 antidepressant treatment trials from Vivli.org were analyzed. Baseline (pretreatment) and 8-week (range 4-12 weeks) outcome data from the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale were subjected to best-practice factor analysis (FA), item response theory (IRT), and network analysis (NA) approaches. Trial outcomes for the original summative scores and psychometric-model scores were assessed using multilevel models. Percentage differences in …

Leveraging De-Implementation Science To Promote Infection Prevention And Stewardship: A Roadmap And Practical Examples (Part Ii Of Ii), Westyn Branch-Elliman, Jennie H Kwon, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

De-implementation of established practices is a common challenge in infection prevention and antimicrobial stewardship and a necessary part of the life cycle of healthcare quality improvement programs. Promoting de-implementation of ineffective antimicrobial use and increasingly of low-value diagnostic testing are cornerstones of stewardship practice. Principles of de-implementation science and the interplay of implementation and de-implementation are discussed in part I of this Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America White Paper Series.In this second part of the series, we discuss a process for applying principles of de-implementation science in infection prevention and stewardship and then review some real-world examples and case …

Real-World Dosing And Persistence Of Oral Treprostinil Initiation Strategies In Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension, Daniel J Lachant, Ali Ataya, H James Ford, Meredith Broderick, Scott Seaman, Benjamin Wu, Murali M Chakinala

2020-Current year OA Pubs

In patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), limited real-world data are available on persistence to oral treprostinil therapy, particularly while transitioning from parenteral prostacyclins. We compared persistence to oral treprostinil and total daily dose (TDD) achieved among patients with PAH initiating oral treprostinil de novo or while transitioning from parenteral prostacyclins using two real-world datasets: specialty pharmacy shipment records (Analysis 1) and ADAPT registry (Analysis 2). In Analysis 1, patients receiving oral treprostinil in 2017, 2020, and 2023 were included. In Analysis 2, de-identified data of patients enrolled in ADAPT from July 2017 to January 2022 were included. We conducted …

Molecular Dynamics Of The Host Response To Streptococcus Pneumoniae Pneumonia In Baboons, Bryan D Kraft, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Bacterial pneumonia remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide despite the widespread availability of antibiotics. Novel pneumonia therapies and biomarkers are urgently needed to improve outcomes and advance personalized therapy. Using an established baboon model of S. pneumoniae pneumonia, we sought to characterize the temporal dynamics of pneumonia host responses to identify novel potential diagnostic and therapeutic molecular targets.

METHODS: We performed whole blood transcriptomics, unbiased proteomics, and peripheral cytokine measurements serially in baboons inoculated with S. pneumoniae (n = 23) or saline (n = 10) and modeled the peripheral blood host response using principal components analysis …

Chimeric Antigen Receptor Natural Killer (Car-Nk) Cells: From Preclinical Promise To Clinical Reality In Cancer Immunotherapy, Hunter Cassidy Cochran, Kevin Ashkan Ghobadi, Armin Ghobadi

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) natural killer (NK) cell therapy represents an emerging frontier in cancer immunotherapy. CAR-NK cells offer the potential for "off-the-shelf" treatments with a favorable safety profile, due in part to their innate capacity for HLA-unrestricted tumor targeting and an absence of graft-versus-host disease. Landmark clinical studies using cord blood - derived CAR-NK cells and another employing iPSC-derived CAR-NK cells have reported impressive response rates, durable remissions, and minimal toxicity. Furthermore, a growing landscape of ongoing clinical trials is exploring innovative strategies to enhance persistence, overcome solid tumor challenges, and prevent antigen escape. These advances collectively underscore the …

Recent Advances In The Identification And Quantification Of Xylazine And Medetomidine In Biological Specimens, Bridgit O Crews

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Xylazine is a veterinary sedative that is frequently detected in the illicit drug supply, often found mixed with illicitly manufactured fentanyl (IMF). It has been detected in the blood of overdose victims and patients who use illicit drugs. Xylazine is not approved for use in humans. It is an alpha-2-adrenergic receptor agonist that causes deep sedation that is non-responsive to naloxone, the antidote for opioid overdose. Chronic exposure to xylazine has been linked to severe wounds that can progress to amputation. Medetomidine is another related veterinary sedative that has more recently emerged as an adulterant in IMF. Medetomidine is also …